c o 



,,'-"'/. ,% *'"\o>\ ■'-,%*■ "VV* 




AN EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES 



SACRED SCRIPTURES; 



OR, 



A COMPEND OF THE CHRISTIAN CREED, 



AS GIVEN BY CHRIST HIMSELF. 



"Go ye therefore, and teacli all nations, baptising them in the name of the Father, and of 
the Son, and of the Holy Ghost ; teaching them to observe all things 'Whatsoever I have com- 
manded you : and lo, I am with you alway, even unto the end of the world.— Mat. 28 : 19, 20, 



AS INTERPRETED BY CHRIST HIMSELF; 

His Prophets, Evangelists and Apostles, 



COMPARED AND CONTEASTED WITH THE CREEDS OF THE DIFFERENT 
BRANCHES, RESPECTIVELY, OF THE 



ORTHODOX CHURCHES IN THE UNITED STATES OF AJIERICA. 



BY REV. CHARLES EVAHTS. 




MONTGOMERY, ALA: 

BARRETT & WIMBISH, BOOK AND JOB PRINTERS, 

1857. 



2>Tm 



. Entered According to Act of Congress, August 13. A. D. 1857. 

BY REV. CHARLES EVANS.. 

In the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the United States, for the Middle 
District of Alabama. 



DEDICATED 

TO THE 

IttfCl 0f flffsf 



PREFACE. 



The doctrine of the Trinity in the Godhead, being of the first importance 
to the Christian Cliurch, and hitherto confessedly mysterious and inexplica- 
ble, any additional light on the subject that would enlighten the mind of the 
Church by affording additional and satisfactory information, should be hailed 
with joy and gladness. 

The Sacred Scriptures are, in truth, a Revelation of truths that were hidden to 
the world before they were given ; and it is not reasonable to suppose that 
the Auther of Revelation would give to his Church and the world a system 
of doctrines, for their special guidance and benefit, which they could not 
understand. This would defeat the object of a Revelation ; to-wit, To reveal 
that which was a mystery before. 

It is certain, that for wise purposes, God has, for a time, kept the world and 
the Church in comparative darkness on certain subjects in relation to his 
purposes in the future ; but that he ever designed that increasing light should 
be given as his purposes ripened and fulfilled, cannot be doubted. This fact 
is confirmed by such portions of Revelation as the following : to-wit, But 
thou, Daniel, shut up the words, and seal the book, until the time of the end ; 
many shall run to and fro, and knowledge shall be increased. Daniel 12 : 4. 
And when the seven thunders had uttered their voices, I was about to write : 
and I heard a voice from heaven, saying unto me, Seal up those things which 
the seven thunders have uttered, and write them not. Rev. 10 : 4. When in 
the Wisdom of God the appointed time comes, the things are then revealed ; 
as follows : In the third year of Cyrus king of Persia, a thing was revealed 
unto Daniel, whose name was called Belteshazzar ; and the thing was true, 
but the time appointed was long : and he understood the thing, and had un- 
derstanding of the vision. Daniel 10 : 1. And he saith unto me, Seal not 
the sayings of the prophecy of this book, for the time is at hand. Rev. 22: 10. 

That the present era of the world is the 'time of the end,' cannot be doubted. 



VI PKEFACE. 



Men are running to and fro, and knowledge is increasing ; the great purposes 
of God in the Creation are being accomplished. Our Savior Said, ' This 
Gospel of the kingdom shall be preached in all the world for a witness unto 
all nations, and then shall the end come.' Hence the rapid march of progress 
in Church and State, looking to the latter day glory. 

God has, from the Beginning, generally made known his will and purposes 
to the Church and to the world, through mediums and instrumentalities, and 
has ever enlightened men by men, and helped man by man. The great atone- 
ment, for the sin of the world was effected by Man, and the work of salvation 
has generally been effected through the instrumentality of man. If then the 
following Work on the Exposition of the Trinities, has been effected by the 
Spirit of God through the instrumentality of man, it is only the general 
course of the operations of God's Spirit, in Providence and Grace, and it is 
not egotism nor vain boasting to say that God's Spirit operated through the 
instrument. 

The inception and design of the following "Work on the doctrine of the 
Trinities, is different from any thing that has ever been given to the Church 
or the world. It stands alone upon the walls of Zion, and challenges the 
Faith of her subjects, and defies contradiction. Conscious of its integrity 
and Divine authority upon which it is based and conducted, it presents its 
broad front to the Church and the world, and demands investigation and crit- 
icism. Standing as it does upon the broad and firm foundation of the Proph- 
ets, Evangelists, and Apostles, Christ himself being the chief corner Stone ; 
in will remain unshaken while time endures and gather strength from age : 
Zion will rejoice in the acquisition of this additional laurel to her brow, and 
march with accelerated speed to her final destiny of triumph and glory. 

The principle and design, upon which the Exposition of the Trinities is con- 
ducted, is as follows : 

1. The unity of Go&before the Creation. 

2. The distinctive developments and Personalities of the Father, the Word, 
and the Holy Ghost, as revealed in the Creation: denominated— The Spiritual 
Trinity, in Creation and Legislation. 

3. The Compound, Executive Trinity in the plan of Redemption; the mid- 
dle Person of which, Christ, being a Compound of Divinity and humanity; and 
as Man, the Executor of his Father's will: his nature and offices explained and 
proved from the Scriptures. 

4. Some of the types of Christ are brought to view, and their mediatorial 
character, offices, and operations shown and proved from the Scriptures; each 
living type of Christ, of course being a middle person of a Typical Trinity; and 
each Typical Trinity, in its operations illustrating the operations of the Com- 



PREFACE. VII 



pound Trinity in Redemption, of which Christ is the middle Person and Medi- 
ator. All this is shown and explained in Scripture language, and from the 
most important and interesting cases. 

5. The siibject.of Baptism is next considered, by submitting to which Sa- 
crament, the subjects manifest, publicly, their Jailh, in the doctrines previ- 
ously taught. 

6. And lastly, in the order of the Work, it is compared and contrasted with 
the Creeds of the principal Branches of the Orthodox Churches in our coun- 
try; showing their discrepancies, errors, and inconsistencies. 

Feeling, as I did, an impulsive necessity to write this Work and present it 
to the Church and the world; I have done what I felt it my duty to do, and 
without making the effort, I did not feel that my mission would be fulfilled. 

I feel to thank God, that he has by his Grace and Spirit, made me the hon- 
ored instrument in his hand, of performing the Work. 

Having long thought seriously on the subject, I have, for the last nine 
months, made it my one and exclusive study; having determined, by the assis- 
tance of the Holy Spirit, to spare no means within my control, for the accom- 
complishment of the Work. I undertook it with much diffidence, in view of 
the complexity of the subject, and the many learned and good men who have 
written on it, and failed to explain it. But they never rightly conceived the 
idea. The great error of the Church, has been in confounding the Word, with 
the Son, who are essentially different; the one being the Divinity, and the other 
the humanity of the CHRIST. 

I have succeeded far beyond my expectations when I commenced. Increasing 
light seemed to shine on the subject through every day and night of its pros- 
ecution, and the prayer and labor brought to bear upon it, was accompanied 
by a satisfaction that I never felt in any labor before; so that I can truly say, 
* There is great pleasure in God's service.' 

I now present the Work to the Church and the world, as the best leg- 
acy within my gift, praying that God's Spirit, who indicted it, may give 
it abundant success, in winning souls to Christ, and of reforming an 
error that has rested as an incubus on the Church since the days of the Apos- 
tles. 

In reading the following Work, the reader is requested to bear in mind — 
That because of the Union of the Divinity and humanity in one Person, constitu- 
ting the Christ; that which is proper to one nature, is sometimes in the Scrip- 
tures attributed to the Person denominated by the other naturo ; and some- 
times to both conjointly; and the proper Person, in all such cases, must be 
determined by the context. For example : When it is written that Christ 
created all things, we understand the Divinity of Christ : and when, again, it 



Till 



PREFACE. 



is written that Christ died for the sin of the world ; we understand the human- 
ity of Christ. 

The Holy Ghost being a distinctive Person, in the Godhead, and proceeding 
from the Father, is sometimes in the Scriptures represented as being Spoken 
to by the Father, as in the creation, « God Said,' (through the Holy Ghost,) 
1 Let us make man.' In the fortieth Psalm, and tenth chapter of the Hebrews, 
the Holy Ghost is represented as Speaking to the Father; thus: 'Wherefore 
when he cometh unto the world, he Saith, Sacrifice and offering thou wouldst 
not, but a body hast thou prepared me ; In burnt offerings and sacrifices for 
sin, thou hast had no pleasure. Then Said 1, Lo, I come, (in the volume of 
the book it is written of me.) to do thy will, God.' 

The Holy Ghost, then, is the prime Agent, who executes the will of the Father 
in the work of Redemption, but it is by virtue of the Atonement made 
through the death of the Son. 

The Son also executes the will of the Father, but it is through the Power of 
the Holy Ghost, who created and dwells in the Son, ' in the fullness of the 
Godhead bodily.' — The human nature of the Christ, who is the Son, certainly 
never Spoke before he was created. The Word, here, may be referred to the 
Son, by anticipation. 



"But thou, Daniel, shut up the words, and seal the book, even to 
the time of the end : many shall run to and fro, and knowledge shall 
be increased." Dan. 12 : 4. 

"Lead me in thy truth, and teach me : for thou art the God of my 
salvation ; on thee do I wait all the day." Ps. 25 : 5. 

AN EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES, 

OF THE 

SACRED SCRIPTURES. 



IP.A.:RT FIRST. 

CHAPTER I. 

OF THE NATURE AND DESIGN OF THE TRINITIES OF THE 
SACRED SCRIPTURES. 

1. A Trinity in the Godhead is that mode of action, or 
operation, by which the purposes of God are effected. 

2. The distinctive Persons or Agencies in the Godhead are 
denominated, 1st. The Father, the Word and the Holy 
Ghost, and, 2nd. The Father, the Son and the Holy Ghost. 

3. The Father, the Word and the Holy Ghost, are a Trin- 
ity essentially and exclusively Spiritual, and its effects are 
Creative and Legislative. 

4. The Father, the Son and the Holy Ghost, are a Trini- 
ty in Eedemption, and may be denominated, A Compound 
Executive Trinity — as the middle Person, the Son, is a com- 
pound of Divinity and humanity, and executes the will of the 
Father. 

5. The Typical Trinities in the Old Testament, the middle 
person of each of which is always a type of Christ, were spe- 



EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 



cially designed to illustrate the Compound Trinity in Re- 
demption, of which the Son is the middle Person ; hence the 
Typical Trinities may be denominated Compound, Execu- 
tive, Typical, Trinities, and each one illustrates the plan of 
salvation through Christ, by carnal ordinances and temporal 
deliverances, as will be abundantly shown in the progress of 
this work. 

6. The Persons in the Godhead are correlative terms and 
have reference to Time. Before the creation of the heaven 
and earth, God was a Unity, and we have no idea or informa- 
tion of a Duality or Trinity of persons in the Godhead, until 
we read that the Spirit of God moved upon the face of the 
waters, and God Said, Let there be light : and there was light. 
Gen. 1 : 2, 3. 

7. In the development of the distinctive Persons or Agen- 
cies in the Godhead, the Holy Ghost first appears, which may 
be characterized as the collective Attributes of the Father in 
operation, and is the great Agent of Power, in all the works 
of Creation, Legislation and Redemption. 

After the Holy Ghost proceeded from the Father, we next 
hear of the Word : " And God Said, Let there be light : and 
there was light." The word may be characterized as the Au- 
thority of the Father, clothed with the Poicer of the Holy 
Ghost. Both proceeded from the Father. The word, came 
from the Father, through the Holy Ghost, and the Holy 
Ghost came with the word to the work of creation, hence the 
Father, his Spirit and his Word were employed in the work. 

In the order of time, then, the Persons in the work of crea- 
tion stand thus : the Father, the Holy Ghost and the Word ; 
but in the organization, they stand thus : the Father, the 
Word and the Holy Ghost, ' and these three are One.' 1 John, 
5:7. The Word also proceeds from the Father, through the 
Spirit of the Father, and the Spirit of the Father always ac- 
companies the Word, as the Power of the Word in the offices 
of Creation, Legislation and Redemption. 

We see, then, that before the Creation God was a Unity ; .in 
the Creation of chaos, God was in Duality, the Father and his 
Spirit ; but when the light was created God was a Trinity, 



EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 3 

the Father, the Word and the Holy Ghost ; and so of all the 
other acts of creation and legislation of which we read or 
have any idea, as will be shown to the satisfaction of all who 
read in the progress of the work. 

In the Compound Executive Trinity in Redemption, the 
Persons, in the order of time stand thus : the Father, the 
Holy Ghost and the Son ; the Son being the Creation of the 
Holy Ghost in the womb of the Virgin Mary : And the an- 
gel answered and said unto her, The Holy Ghost shall come 
upon thee, and the power of the highest shall overshadow 
thee : therefore, also, that holy thing which shall be horn of 
thee, shall be called the Son of God. Luke 1 : 35. But while 
he thought on these things, behold, the angel of the Lord ap- 
peared to him in a dream, saying, Joseph, thou son of David, 
fear not to take unto thee Mary thy wife : for that which is 
conceived in her is of the Holy Ghost. And she shall bring forth 
a Son, and thou shalt call his name Jesus for he shall save his 
people from their sins. Mat. 1 : 20, 21. 

But when the fulness of the time was come, God sent forth 
his Son, made of a woman, made under the law, To redeem 
them that were under the law, that we might receive the 
adoption of sons. Gal. 4 : 4, 5. 

We see clearly from these scriptures and many others that 
will .hereafter be brought in evidence, that Jesus was created 
by the Holy Ghost. 

In the organization of the Compound Trinity in Redemp- 
tion^ as in Creation, the last Person in the order of time as- 
sumes the second position in the organization, and hence the 
Trinity stands thus : The Father, the Son and the Holy Ghost ; 
the Holy Ghost proceeding from the Father, through the 
Son, and in consequence of the meritorious sacrifice of the 
Son to the work of Redemption. 

The Son being the Creation of the Spiritual Trinity, as all 
things else are, became the Tabernacle in which the fulness of 
the Godhead dwelt bodily or in a bodily form. The Son was 
the organ of the Word, but not the Word itself ; he was the 
Word in the same sense as the prophets were, the Word came 
from the Father to him, and through him to the world, hence 






EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 



the apostle says : God, who at sundry times and in divers 
manners Spake in times past unto the fathers, by the pro- 
phets, Hath in these last days Spoken unto us by his Son, 
whom he hath appointed heir of all things, by whom also he 
made the worlds. 

In the latter clause of this last verse, as in many other 
places in the scriptures, the Son is interchanged for the 
Word. It was the Power of the Spirit in the Word, by which 
the worlds were made, as shown in the Beginning and as St. 
John teaches, In the beginning was the Word, and the Word 
was with G-od and the Word was God ; The Son as such, be- 
ing material, human nature never could create worlds or any 
thing else, but it was the Word of God the Father, which 
dwelt in the Son, which being clothed with the Power of the 
Holy Ghost, Created and Legislated — all this will be fully 
shown in the progress of the work. 

When we read that Christ died for the sin of the world, 
we understand the human nature of Christ died, but when 
again we are told that by him the worlds were made, we un- 
derstand it to be the Word of the Father which dwelt in him. 

In the creation of man the language is varied from the lan- 
guage in the creation of the inanimate heaven and earth. In 
the latter, the language of the Father is imperative, — Let there 
be light ; in the former, or in the creation of man, the lan- 
guage of the Father is more of the character of a proposition, 
— Let us make man. Iu both cases, however, the Trinity 
employed embraces the same Persons or Agencies as always — 
in each and every act of Creation and Legislation ; which 
Persons or Agencies are the Father, the Word and the Holy 
Ghost. 

The Holy Ghost and the Spirit of God are synonomous 
terms, and the same Spirit, therefore God, God's Spirit and 
the Holy Ghost, and the Word of God's Spirit are One and 
the same God ; hence the Apostle says, There are three that 
bear record in Heaven, The Father, the Word, and the Holy 
Ghost', and these three are One. 1 John, 5:7. 

In each and every case of Creation and Legislation, God, 
the Father, Speaks through his Spirit ; the Spirit is the Power 



EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 



of the Word, and the Agent of The Father in Creation, and 
Legislation, — the Spirit, and the Word always proceeding from 
the Father. The Father never was as the Father, until the 
Spirit proceeded from him, then followed the Word of God 
also proceeding from the Father, through the Spirit of the 
Father, hence the priority of the Father, and hence the Father, 
the Word and the Holy Ghost are correlative terms. The 
Father, as such, never was, until his Spirit proceeded from him, 
the Spirit of the Father, in his operative Power, never was 
until in the work of Creation ; The Word of the Father, as 
such, never was, until the Word proceeded from the Father of 
the Word. The Word of God is the Word which he Spake 
and thus constituted him the Father of his Word; The Spirit 
of God, is his Power put forth, and hence proceeds from him, 
and hence he is a Father. 



CHAPTER II. 

SOME EELF-EVIDENT PROPOSITIONS. 

Proposition 1. The sacred scriptures, being of Divine In- 
spiration, cannot contradict themselves, neither can they con- 
tradict right reason ; because, reason and revelation being 
both gifts of God, it would be impugning the moral character 
of God to suppose that one of his gifts should contradict 
another. 

Proposition 2. The sacred scriptures are a sufficient rule 
of faith and practice and being the standard of moral and 
religious truth, we shall not go out of them for argument or 
proof in the establishment and illustrations of the doctrines 
of the Trinities. 

In pursuing this method we think many great and invalu- 
able benefits will be derived, as, 



6 



EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 



1. The legitimate prophets and kings of Israel, all express- 
ly intended for types of Christ, we shall select some ol the 
most prominent and renowned of them to illustrate the char- 
acter and offices of Christ, and their character and history, 
while they will in succession throw additional light upon the 
doctrine of the Trinities, will also enlighten the mind with a 
knowledge of the most important, interesting and astounding 
circumstances, occurrences and events, in all the world's history. 

2. The Word of the Lord, being full of the Inspiration 
of the Spirit, will necessarily, if read with attention, imbue 
and inspire the soul of the reader with the Spirit of its own 
nature, and thus perform the fourfold office of enlightening 
the mind on the most important subjects on earth or in hea- 
ven; sanctifying the affections of the heart to a due appreciation 
of the divine revelation ; elevate the emotions of the soul to 
the sublime contemplation of heavenly things; and set before 
him the nature and character of God in the dispensations of 
his Providence and grace in such an interesting and lovely 
light as can scarcely fail to increase his faith, confirm his 
hope and make him perfect in love. 

3. The numerous collations of the types with the antitype; 
the predictions of the prophets with their fulfilment; the 
harmony between the Old and the New Testaments; and the 
evident design of the former to illustrate the latter; will im- 
press us with astonishment at the incomprehensible wis= 
dom of God. and the unsearchable riches of Christ. 



CHAPTER III. 



HOW TO UNDERSTAND THE FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE OF THE 
SCRIPTURES. 

The language of the Scriptures being in many parts highly 
figurative, it becomes proper to give the key by which those 



EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 



various figures of speech are to be understood. All figures 
of speech consist more or less of types, emblems and symbols. 

A type is properly of that class of figures, which is of a 
substantial and tangible nature, having form and parts. It 
has reference exclusively to something in the future, and 
contains in itself and its associations, something similar to 
the nature, and offices of the Antitype, as : Moses, Joshua and 
David, were types of Christ. 

An emblem is that mode of a figure which represents ano- 
ther thing in its predominant qualities, as blue is the emblem 
of innocence. Webster. Or, it is a substance or 
shadow now, representing a substance or shadow of the same 
nature in the present or the future, but under some modifi- 
cation of existence or operation, as : the delineation of a river 
on a map, is an emblem of a river of water, or a statue in min- 
iature is an emblem of the reality, present or to come. 

A Symbol is that character of a figure which represents 
moral and spiritual things, by the properties or images of 
natural things. Webster. A symbol, sometimes has refer- 
ence to the past, sometimes to the present and sometimes to 
the future, as : The bread and wine in the sacrament of the 
Lord's Supper, are symbols 'pointing back 1st, to the breaking 
of the body, and shedding of the blood of Christ, upon Cal- 
vary. 2nd. These same symbols point to the present glorified 
Body of our Lord in Heaven, and 3rd, these same symbols 
point forward to the judgment, when the same glorified 
Body shall descend to judge the world in righteousness and 
take his redeemed to himself. 

Now this trinity of figures, partaking more or less of the 
character of each respectively, are all associated under the 
general idea of & figure as the genus of the species. 

By keeping the above distinction in the mind, the reader 
will more intelligibly comprehend the scriptural illustrations 
which will be given of each distinctive Person in the God- 
head, The Father, the Son, and the Holy Ghost, and also the 
hypostatic Union of the Three in One Person. 



EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 



CHAPTER IY. 

THE ORDER PURSUED IN THE EXPOSITION OP THE TRINITIES. 

In our Exposition of the Trinities, we shall define 1. The 
three distinctive Persons respectively who compose them with 
their nature and offices. 2. Illustrate the nature and necessity 
of the hypostatic Union of the three Persons in One God, 

And first of the Father, — There is one God the Father, and 
only One. 

God the Father, a Spirit of Infinite perfections ; from 
Eternity to Eternity the same unchangable Being, without 
body or parts. For thus Saith the High and lofty One, who 
inhabiteth Eternity. Isaiah 57: 15. But the Lord is the 
true God and everlasting King. Jeremiah 10 : 10. Whose 
goings forth have been from of old, from everlasting. Micah, 
5 : 2. From the above quotations the Eternity of God is evi- 
dent, and reason, though it cannot comprehend it, sanctions 
it as a self-evident proposition. 



CHAPTER Y. 

OP THE ATTRIBUTES OP GOD. 

And First, his natural Attributes which are four in num- 
ber, namely : 1. Omnipotence. 2. Omniscience. 3. Omni- 
presence and 4. Unchangableness. 

First, of his Omnipotence. In the Beginning, God created 
the heaven and the earth. Gen. 1:1. And thou Lord, in the 
beginning hast laid the foundations of the earth and the hea- 
vens are the work of thine hands. Heb. 1 : 10. When I con- 



EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 9 

sider the heavens the work of thy fingers, the moon and the 
stars which thou hast made and ordained. Is. 8 : 3. The 
above quotations are deemed sufficient to establish the truth 
from the Scriptures that God the Father is Omnipotent, and 
the creator of the heavens and the earth. 

Secondly, of the Omniscience of God the Father. The 
Lord, by Wisdom, hath founded the earth, by understanding 
hath he established the heavens. Lord, how manifold are 
thy works ! in wisdom thou hast made them all. Ps. 104 : 24. 
He hath established the world by his wisdom. Jer. 10 : 12. 
Therefore, Said the wisdom of God, I will send them prophets 
and apostles, and some of them they shall slay and persecute, 
Luke 11 : 49. 

Third, of the Omnipresence of God the Father. Whither 
shall I go from thy spirit ? or whither shall I flee from thy 
presence? If I ascend up into heaven, thou art there: if I 
make my bed in hell, behold, thou art there. Ps. 139 : 7, 8. 
Can any hide himself in secret places that I shall not see 
him ? Saith the Lord, Do not I fill heaven and earth ? Saith 
the Lord. Jer. 23 : 24. Though they dig into hell, thence, 
shall my hand take them, though they climb up to heaven, 
thence will I bring them down, and though they hide them- 
selves in the top of Carmel, I will search and take them out 
thence, and though they be hid from my sight in the bottom 
of the sea, thence will I command the serpent and he shall 
bite them. Amos 7 : 2, 3. 

Fourthly, Of the unchangeableness of God. And God 
Said unto Moses, I AM THAT I AM : and he Said, thus 
shalt thou say unto the children of Israel, I AM hath sent 
me unto you. Exodus, 3 : 14. And I appeared unto Abraham, 
unto Isaac and unto Jacob, by the name of God Almighty, 
but by my name of Jehovah was I not known unto them. Ex. 
6 : 3. But thou Lord art most high forevermore. Ps. 92 : 8. 

The above quotations of God's Natural Attributes apply 
to God the Father exclusively ; as I wish to keep the respec- 
tive Persons in the Godhead as distinct as possible, in the de- 
scription of each. When we come to speak of the Unity of 
the Three in One Person, we shall then show the nature of 
the Union and their mode of operation. 



10 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

CHAPTER VI. 

OF THE MORAL ATTRIBUTES OF GOD THE FATHER, 

The Moral Attributes of God the Father are also four in 
number, to-wit : 1. Holiness. 2. Goodness. 3. Justice and 
4. Truth. 

First, of the Holiness of God the Father. ' And of Levi he 
said, Let thy Thummini and thy Urim be with thy Holy One, 
whom thou didst prove at Massah, and with whom thou didst 
strive at the waters of Meribah. Deu. 33: 8. ' And the light 
of Israel shall be for a fire, and his Holy One for a flame. 
Isai. 10: 17. ' For I am God and not man, the Holy One, in 
the midst of thee. Hosea 11: 9. Art thou not from everlast- 
ing, Lord my God, mine Holy One. Hab. 1: 12. God came 
from Teman, and the Holy One from Mount Paran, Hab. 
3: 3. 

Secondly, of the Goodness of God the Father. And the 
Lord passed by him and proclaimed, The Lord God merci- 
ciful and gracious, long suffering and abundant in goodness , 
which thou hast laid up for them that fear thee. Vs. 31: 19. 
' Or despisest thou the riches of his goodness, and forbearance, 
and long suffering, not knowing that the goodness of God lead- 
eth thee to repentance ? Rom. 2: 4. 

Thirdly, Of the Justice of God the Father : Justice and 
judgment are the habitation of thy throne. Ps. 89 • * i 
heavens declare his righteousness, and all the people see his 
glory. Ps. 97 : 6. Therefore, is judgment far from us, neither 
doth justice overtake us. Isai. 59 : 9. The Lord bless thee 
habitation of justice, and mountains of holiness. Jer. 31 : 
33. We offend not because they have sinned against the Lord, 
the habitation of justice, even the Lord, the hope of their fathers. 
Jer. 50 : 7. 

Fourthly, Of the Truth of God the Father : Lead me in thy 
truth, and teach me : for thou art the God of my salvation ; on 



EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 11 

thee do I wait all the day. Ps. 25 : 5. Into thy hand T com- 
mit my spirit : thou hast redeemed me, Lord God of truth , 
Ps. 31:5. But the Lord is the t?ue God, he is the living God, 
and an everlasting king. Jer. 10 : 10. Sanctify them through 
thy truth : thy word is truth, John 17 : 17. For if the truth of 
God has more abounded through my lie unto his glory. Rom. 
3:7. 

The quotations above, containing the natural and moral 
attributes of God's nature and character, constitute the sum 
total of all natural and moral perfection ; and these properties 
and qualities existing in him essentially from Eternity, pre- 
clude the possibility of any other God. For even were it pos- 
sible for him to delegate one or all of these Attributes to 
another, it would derogate that much from his own essential 
nature, and he to whom they might be delegated could not be 
God, because he would be wanting in Eternity. 

I do not consider the number of these quotations a useless 
tautology, or superfluous in this connexion, forasmuch as it is 
necessary to lay a broad foundation in the Scriptures, on 
which to build the important doctrine of the Trinity, and make 
every step we take intelligible to the reader, that this doc- 
trine hitherto so much mystified as to confuse rather than en- 
lighten, may be satisfactorily comprehended by every sincere 
inquirer after truth, and increase and establish their faith in 
its realitjr. The collection, too, of so many important passages 
of Scripture, in one view, all illustrating the nature and char- 
acter of the Great God, whom we worship, cannot fail to in- 
spire us with a reverential awe and devout contemplation of 
the Godhead, and love and veneration for the Being who is 
the sum and substance of all perfection, and the object of the 
ceaseless adoration of men and of angels. 



12 



EXPOSITION OP THE TRINITIES. 



CHAPTER VII. 



OP THE DISTINCTIVE PERSONALTY OP THE HOLY GHOST. 



The Holy Ghost being the second Person distinguished 
from the Father in the Spiritual Trinity of Creation, we shall 
next notice his Scriptural claims to all the natural and moral 
Attributes of the Father. 

And First, Of the Nature of the Holy Ghost : I indeed 
baptize you with water : but he shall baptise you with the 
Holy Ghost. Mark 1:8. And they were all filled with the 
Holy Ghost, and began to speak with other tongues, as the 
Spirit gave them utterance. Acts 2 : 4. John answered, say- 
ing unto them all, I indeed baptize you with water ; but One 
mightier than I cometh, the latchet of whose shoes I am not 
worthy to unloose ; he shall baptise you with the Holy Ghost 
and with fire. Luke 3 : 16. 

And I knew him not but he that sent me to baptize 
with water, the same Said unto me, upon whom thou 
shalt see the Spirit descending and remaining on him, the 
same is he which baptiseth with the Holy Ghost. John 1 : 33. 
For John truly baptized with water ; but ye shall be baptized 
with the Holy Ghost, not many days hence. Acts 1:5. Go ye 
therefore and teach all nations, baptizing them in the name 
of the Father, and of the Son and of the Holy Ghost. Mat. 
28 : 19. For he shall be great in the sight of the Lord, and 
shall drink neither wine nor strong drink, and he shall be 
filled with the Holy Ghost, even from his mother's womb. 
Luke 1 : 15. And behold there was a man in Jerusalem, whose 
name was Simeon and the same man was just and devout, 
waiting for the consolation of Israel ; and the Holy Ghost was 
upon him. Luke 2 : 25. And the Holy Ghost descended in 
a bodily shape, like a dove upon him, and a voice came from 
heaven, which Said, Thou art my beloved Son, in thee I am 
well pleased. 3 : 22. And Jesus being full of the Holy Ghost, 



EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 13 

returned from Jordan and was led by the Spirit into the wil- 
derness. 4: 1. But this spake he of the Spirit which they that 
believed on him should receive, for the Holy Ghost, was not 
yet given them, because that Jesus was not yet glorified, 
John 7 : 39. But the Comforter, which is the Holy Ghost, 
whom the Father will send in my name, he shall teach you 
all things, and bring all things to your remembrance, what- 
soever I have Said unto you. 13 : 26. And when he had Said 
this he breathed on them and Saith unto them, Receive ye the 
Holy Ghost. 20 : 22. Then Peter said unto them, Repent and 
be ye baptized every one of you, in the name of Jesus Christ, 
for the remission of sins, and ye shall receive the gift of the 
Holy Ghost. Acts 2 : 38. Then Peter, filled with the Holy 
Ghost, said unto them, Ye rulers of the people, and elders of 
Israel. Acts 4 : 8. But Peter said, Annanias, why hath Satan 
filled thine heart to lie unto the Holy Ghost, and to keep part 
of the price of the land. 5 : 3. How God anointed Jesus of 
Nazareth with the Holy Ghost and with Power. 10 : 38. And 
when Paul laid his hands on them the Holy Ghost came upon 
them, and they spake with tongues and prophesied. Acts 19 : 
6. For the kingdom of heaven is not meat and drink but 
righteousness and peace and joy in the Holy Ghost. Rom. 14 : 
16. For there are three that bear record in heaven : the 
Father, the Word and the Holy Ghost : and these Three are 
One. John 5:7. 



CHAPTER VIII. 

OF THE OFFICES OF THE HOLY GHOST. 

And First, Creative Poiver — Gen. 1: 2. Thou sendest 
forth thy Spirit, they are Created and thou revivest the face 
of the earth. Ps. 104 : 30. Until the Spirit be poured upon 



14 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

us from on high, and the wilderness be a fruitful field, 
and the fruitful fields be counted for a forest. Isai. 32 : 15. 
Thus Saith the Lord God. Come from the four winds. 
Breath, and breathe upon these slain that the} 7 may live. Eze- 
kiel 37 : 9. That they may see, and know, and consider and 
understand together, that the hand of the Lord hath done 
this, and the Holy One of Israel hath Created it. Isai. 41 : 
20. The Holy Ghost shall come upon thee, and the Power of 
the Highest shall overshadow thee therefore that Holy thing 
which shall be born of thee shall be called the Son of God. 
Luke 1 : 35. And while he thought on these things, behold 
the angel of the Lord appeared uuto him in a dream, saying, 
Joseph, thou son of David, Fear not to take unto thee Mary, 
thy wife, for that which is conceived in her is of the Holy 
Ghost. Mat. 1 : 20. Job 33 : 4. 

Secondly, The Preserving Power of the Holy Ghost. That 
good thing which was committed unto thee, keep by the Holy 
Ghost, which dwelt in us. 2 Timothy 1 : 14. And unto the 
angel of the Church in Sardis write ; These things Saith he 
that hath the seven Spirits of God and the seven stars ; I know 
thy works, that thou hast a name to live and art dead. Rev. 
3:1. Remember therefore, how thou hast received and 
heard, and hold fast and repent. 3. He that overcometh, the 
same shall be clothed in white raiment ; and I will not blot 
out his name out of the book of life, but I will confess his 
name before my Father and before his angels. 5. And to the 
angel of the Church in Philadelphia write : These things 
Saith he that is Holy, he that is True, he that hath the key 
of David, he that openeth and no man shutteth, that shutteth 
and no man openeth. 7. I know thy works : behold I have set 
before thee sun open door and no man can shut it ; for thou hast 
a little strength, and hast kept my Word and hast not denied 
my Name. 8. Behold, I will make them of the synagouge of 
Satan, which say they are Jews, and are not, but do lie ; be- 
hold I will make them to come and worship before thy feet, 
and to know that I have loved thee. 9. Because thou hast 
kept the Word of my patience, I also will keep thee from the 
hour of temptation, which shall come upon all the world to 
try them that dwell upon the earth. 10 — 13. 



EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 15 

Thirdly, Of the Holy Ghost in his regenerating and sancti- 
fying Power. 

But we are bound to give thanks always to God for you- 
brethren, beloved of the Lord, because God hath from the be- 
ginning, chosen you to salvation, through sanctification of the 
Spirit, and belief of the truth. 2 Thessalonians 2 : 13. Elect, 
according to the foreknowledge of God the Father, through 
sanctification of the Spirit unto obedience and sprinkling of 
the blood of Jesus Christ. 1 Peter 1 : 2. That he might 
sanctify and cleanse it with the washing of water by the word. 
Ephesians 3 : 26. Jesus answered, Verily, verily, I say un- 
to you, Except a man be born of water and of the Spirit he 
cannot enter into the kingdom of God. John 3 : 5. That 
which is born of the flesh is flesh, and that which is born of 
the Spirit is spirit. 6. Then Peter said unto them, Repent, 
and be ye baptised every one of you in the name of Jesus 
Christ, for the remission of sins, and ye shall receive the gift 
of the Holy Ghost. Acts 2 : 38, Which were born not of blood, 
nor of the will of the flesh, nor of the will of man but of God. 
John 1 : 13. 



CHAPTER IX. 

OF THE DISTINCTIVE PERSONALTY OF THE WORD. 

The Word being the third Person, distinguished from the 
Father in the order of time, we shall next notice his claims 
from the Scriptures, to the Attributes of the Father. The 
Word being one of the Persons of the Spiritual Trinity, and 
a correlative term, has reference to Time only. The Word, as 
God is eternal, but not as the Word ; The Word never was 
until He was Spoken, and that was not until the Creation of 
the heaven and the earth, And God Said, let there be light. 



16 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

and there was light, is the first we ever hear of the Word, as 
such. 

The Word may be defined to be the Authority of God, 
clothed with the Power of the Holy Ghost. 

Let us therefore consider, First, The Omnipotence of the 
Word : 

And God Said, Let there be light and there was light. 
Gen. 1:3. And God Said, Let there be a firmament, in the 
midst of the waters, and let it divide the waters from the 
waters. 6. And God Said, Let the waters under the heaven 
be gathered together into one place, and let the dry land 
appear, and it was so. 9. And God Said, let the earth bring 
forth grass, the herb yielding seed, and the fruit tree yielding 
fruit after his kind, whose seed is in itself upon the earth ; 
and it was so. 11. And God Said, let there be light in the 
firmament of the heaven, to divide the day from the night, 
and let them be for signs and for seasons, and for days and 
for years, and let them be for lights in the firmament of hea- 
ven, to give light upon the earth ; and it was so. 14. And 
God Said, let the waters bring forth abundantly, the moving 
creature, that hath life, and fowl that may fly above the 
earth in the open firmament of heaven. 20. 

Let it ever be borne in mind that God cannot be divested 
of any one of his Attributes without ceasing to be God, and 
One of his Attributes is proof positive that all of them are 
in connection, when then, in giving the Scriptural evidences 
of the Divinity of any One of the Three Persons of the Spir- 
itual Trinity, we discover an Attribute of God, it is an evi- 
dence that He is God. Upon this self-evident proposition, we 
shall proceed to give the various Attributes of God ascribed 
to the Word of God. 

The Lord gave the Word, great was the company of those 
that published it, Kings of armies did^ee apace, and she that 
tarried at home divided the spoil, Ps. 69:11, 12. Whoso 
despiseth the Word shall be destroyed, but he that feareth the 
commandments shall be rewarded. Proverbs, 13: 14. There- 
fore as the fire devoureth the stubble and the flame consumeth 
the chaff, so their root shall be as rottenness, and their bios- 



EXPOSITION OP THE TRINITIES. 17 

som shall go up as dust, because they have cast away the law 
of the Lord of Hosts and despised the Wordot the Holy One 
of Israel. Isai, 5: 24. Hear ye the Word which the Lord 
Speaketh unto you, house of Israel. Thus Saith the Lord, 
Learn not the way of the heathen and be not dismayed at 
the signs of heaven, for the heathen are dismayed at them. 
Jer. 10: 12. As for the Word that thou hast spoken unto us 
in the name of the Lord, we will not hearken unto thee. Jer. 
44: 16. Son of man I have made thee a watchman unto the 
house of Israel, therefore hear the Word at my mouth, and 
give them warning from me. Ezekiel 3: 17. Therefore, say 
unto then, thus Saith the Lord God : There shall none of 
my words be prolonged any more, but the Word which I 
have Spoken, shall be done, Saith the Lord God. Ezekiel 
12: 28. Also, thou son of man, the children of thy people 
still are talking by the walls and in the doors of the houses, 
and speak one to another, every one to his brother, saying, 
Come, I pray you, and hear what is the Word that cometh 
forth from the Lord. Ezekiel 33: 30. And the Word of the 
Lord came unto Jonah the second time, saying, Arise, go 
into Nineveh, that great city, and preach unto it the preach- 
ing that I bid thee. So Jonah arose and went into Nineveh, 
according to the Word of the Lord. Now Nineveh was an 
exceeding great city of three days journey, and Jonah began 
to enter into the city a day's journey and he cried and said, 
Yet forty days and Nineveh shall be overthrown. So the peo- 
ple of Nineveh believed God, and proclaimed a fast and put 
on sackcloth, from the greatest of them even to the least of 
them. For Word came unto the king of Nineveh, and he 
arose from his throne and he laid his robe from him, and cov- 
ered him with sackcloth, and sat in ashes. Jonah 3: 1 — 6. 
According to the Word that I covenanted with you when 
ye came out of Egypt so my Spirit remaineth among you, fear 
ye not, For thus Saith the Lord of hosts : Yet once, it is a 
little while, and I will shake the heavens and the earth, and 
the sea, and the dry land, And I will shake all nations, and 
the Desire of all nations shall come ; and I will fill this house 
with glory Saith the Lord of hosts. Haggai 2: 5 — 7. 
2 



18 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

And when Jesus was entered into Capernaum, there came 
unto him a centurion, beseeching him, And saying, Lord, my 
servant lyeth at home, sick of the palsy, grievously torment- 
ed, And Jesus Saith unto him I will come and heal him, The 
centurion answered and said, Lord I am not worthy that thou 
shouldest come under my roof, but Speak the Word only and 
my servant shall behealed. Mat. 8: 5 — 8. Hear ye, therefore, 
the parable of the sower, When any one heareth the Word 
of the kingdom and understandeth it not, then cometh the 
wicked one and catcheth away that which was sown in his 
heart. This is he which receiveth seed by the wayside, But 
he that receiveth seed into stony places, the same is he that 
heareth the Word, and anon with joy receiveth it, Yet hath 
he not root in himself, but dureth for a while, for when trib- 
ulation or persecution ariseth because of the Word, by and by, 
he is offended. Mat. 13: 18—22. 

So then after the Lord had Spoken unto them, he was re- 
ceived up into heaven, and sat on the right hand of God, 
And they went forth and preached everywhere, the Lord 
working with them and confirming the Word with signs fol- 
lowing. Mark 16: 19, 20. 

5 In the beginning was the Word and the Word was with 
God and the Word was God. The same was in the beginning 
with God. All things were made by him and without him 
was not any thing made that was made. In him was life and 
the life was the Light of men. And the light shineth in dark- 
ness, and the darkness comprehendeth it not. John 1: 1 — 5, 
And the Word was made flesh and dwelt among us, (and we 
beheld his glory, the glory as of the only begotten of the Fa- 
ther,) full of grace and truth. 14. 

On this last verse we must pause to make a comment. It 
is here stated that the Word was made flesh ; now it is impos- 
sible that this can be understood literally, for as we have sta- 
ted in a previous Chapter Spirit cannot be converted into 
flesh ; it is contrary to the laws of Nature, contrary to rea- 
son and contrary to the Sciptures when rightly understood. 
The Word therefore, being God and God being a Spirit, could 
not be converted into^esA and therefore we must understand 



EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 19 

the passage of Scripture according to the context, that the 
Word being God dwelt in the Tabernacle of flesh, Jesus, the 
Son of Mary, who as the organ of the Word Spoken unto the 
world as the Mediator between God and man. The flesh, or 
Tabernacle of the Word was born, but surely none will say 
God was born ; the flesh suffered as man, but surely, God 
never suffered as a man suffers ; the flesh died, but could God 
die? The flesh was buried, could God the maker of all things 
and the preserver of all things die and be buried ? The flesh 
was resuscitated and rose again by the Power of God through 
the Holy Ghost ; could God and his Power in the Holy Ghost 
be resuscitated and rise to life from the dead by the Power 
of God put forth through the Holy Ghost, when the Father, 
the Word and the Holy Ghost, were all demand buried ? 

He that rejecteth me, and receiveth not my words hath 
One \h&tjudgeth him, — the Word that I have Spoken, the same 
shall judge him in the last day ; for, I have not Spoken of 
myself, but the Father which sent me ; he gave me a com- 
mandment, what I should Speak, and I know that his com- 
mandment is life everlasting ; whatsoever I Speak, therefore, 
even as the Father Said unto me, so I Speak, John 12: 48 — 50. 

The Word which God sent unto the children of Israel, 
preaching peace by Jesus Christ ; (he is Lord of all.) That 
Word, I say ye know, which was published throughout all of 
Judea, and began from Gallilee after the baptism which John 
preached, how God annointed Jesus oi Nazareth with the Holy 
Ghost, and with Power, who went about doing good, and heal- 
ing all that were oppressed ; for God was with him. Acts 
10: 36—38. 

For this cause also thank we God without ceasing, because 
when ye receive the Word of God, which ye heard of us, ye 
received it not as the word of men but (as it is in truth) the 
Word of God, which effectually worketh in you that believe. 
1 Thessalonians2: 13. 

For the law maketh men high priests, which have infirmity 
but the Word of the Oath, which was since the law, maketh 
the Son, who is consecrated forevermore. Heb. 7: 28. For 
this they willingly arc ignorant of, that by the Word of God. 



20 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

the heavens were of old, and the earth standing out of the 
water and in the water. Yerse 6. But the heavens and the 
earth which are now, by the same Word, are kept in store, 
reserved unto fire against the day of judgment and perdition 
of ungodly men. 2 Peter 3: 5, 6, 7. For there are three that 
bear record in heaven, the Father, the Word and the Holy 
Ghost, and these three are One. 1 John 5: 7. 

Through faith we understand that the worlds were framed 
by the Word of God, so that things which are seen were not 
made by things which do appear. Heb. 11: 3. By the Word 
of the Lord were the heavens made, and all the host of them 
by the Breath of his mouth. He gathereth the waters of the 
sea together as an heap; he layeth up the depth in storehou- 
ses. Let all the earth fear the Lord; let all the inhabitants 
of the world stand in awe of him. For he Spake, and it was 
done; he commanded and it stood fast. Ps. 33: 6-9. He sent 
his Word and healed them, and delivered them from their de- 
structions. Ps. 107: 20. When the even was come, they 
brought unto him many that were possessed with devils; and 
he cast out the Spirits with his Word, and healed all that 
were sick. And they were astonished at his doctrine: for 
his Word was with Power. The prophet that hath a dream, 
let him tell a dream; and he that hath my Word, let him 
speak my Word faithfully. What is the chaff to the wheat? 
saith the Lord. Is not my Word like as a fire? saith the 
Lord; and like a hammer that breaketh the rock in pieces? 
Jer. 23: 28, 29. 

Passages of scripture might easily be multiplied, proving 
beyond all question, that the Word of God is God, in every 
essential attribute. It is the Authority of God clothed with 
the power of the Holy Ghost. 

In all the above quotations, there is an essential difference 
between the Word and the Son. The Word was in the begin- 
ning, and was God Speaking with authority; the Son was not 
until four thousand years after, and was begotten by " the 
Power of the Highest through the Holy Ghost." " Made of a 
woman; made under the law, to redeem them that were under 
the law, that we might receive the adoption of sons." In 



EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 21 

every act of creation and legislation, the Word is in the act, 
except in the creation of chaos, as stated in Chapter I. 



CHAPTER X. 



Having considered the three Persons or Agencies in the 
Godhead of the Spiritual Trinity separately and distinctively, 
and shown from the scriptures that each Person is very God, 
we shall now consider this Trinity of Divine Persons in their 
organized state, in the work of creation and legislation; and 
in their organization they stand thus: the Father, the Word 
and the Holy Ghost. The Holy Ghost is the Collective Attri- 
butes of God in operation; and is the Spirit of the Father, 
and comes from the Father with the Spoken Word to the work 
of Creation and Legislation. For there are three that bear 
record in heaven, the Father, the Word and the Holy Ghost; 
and these Three are One. 

We will show the operations of the Spiritual Trinity. 

First, in the work of Creation: " And God Said let there 
be light, and there was light. Here the Trinity is first de- 
veloped. God, the Father, spake the Word, through the 
Holy Ghost — the Spirit of the Father or the Holy Ghost 
came from the Father, in the Word, and through the Word 
to the work of Creation — and there was light; the Word is 
the Authority of the Father; the Holy Ghost is the Power of 
the Word. Let it ever be borne in mind that the Father 
always Speaks and works through the Spirit. 

The above is an example of the mode of the operation of 
the Spiritual Trinity, in every case of Creation, chaos except- 
ed ; for example: 

And God Said^ Let there be a firmament in the midst of the 



22 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

waters, and let it divide the waters from the waters. And 
God made the firmament, and divided the waters which were 
under the firmament, from the waters which were above the 
firmament: and it was so. Gen. 1: 6, 7. 

And God Said, Let the waters under the heaven be gath- 
ered together into one place, and let the dry land appear: 
and it was so, 9. 

And God Said, Let the earth bring forth grass, the herb 
yielding seed, and the fruit tree yielding fruit after his kind, 
whose seed is in itself, upon the earth: and it was so. 11. 

And God Said, Let there be lights in the firmament of the 
heaven, to divide the day from the night; and let them be for 
signs and for seasons, and for days and for years. And let 
them be for lights in the firmament of the heaven, to give light 
upon the earth: and it was so. 14, 15. 

And God Said, Let the waters bring forth abundantly the 
moving creature that hath life, and fowl that may fly above 
the earth in the open firmament of heaven. 20. 

And God Said, Let the earth bring forth the living creature 
after his kind, cattle and creeping thing, and beast of the 
earth after his kind: and it was so. 24. 

And God Said, Let us make man in our image, after our 
likeness; and let them have dominion over the fish of the sea, 
and over the fowl of the air, and over the cattle, and over all 
the earth, and over every creeping thing that creepeth upon 
the earth. So God created man in his own image, in the im- 
age of God created he him, male and female created he them. 
26, 27. 

In the last act of the work of Creation, many good people 
have thought they find a warrant for the eternity of the Son 
of God in the words, " Let us make man;" as God Speaks in 
the plural and to a second person, but a proper understand- 
ing of the Spiritual Trinity will show, that the Holy Ghost, 
being a proper Person with the Father, that it was through 
Him the Word was Spoken, who was in every case the Agent 
in the work of creation, as He is also in the work of Redemp- 
tion. 

We will now consider a few plain cases of the Legislative 



EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 23 

Acts of the Spiritual Trinity, by which precepts, command- 
ments and laws, are ordained in the hands of a Mediator, who 
becomes the Executor of the Father's will. 

Wherefore then serveth the law? It was added because 
of transgressions, till the seed should come to whom the 
promise was made; and it was ordained by angels in the hand 
of a mediator. Gal. 3: 19. Now to Abraham and his seed 
were the promises made. He saith not, and to seeds, as of 
many; but as of one: and to thy Seed, which is Christ. 16. 

And all the people saw the thunderings, and the lightnings, 
and the noise of a trumpet, and the mountain smoking; and 
when the people saw it, they removed and stood afar off. 
And they said unto Moses, speak thou with us, and we will 
hear, but let not God Speak with us lest we die. And Moses 
said unto the people, fear not; for God is come to prove you, and 
that his fear may be before your faces, that ye sin not. And 
the people stood afar off, and Moses drew near unto the thick 
darkness where God was. And the Lord Said unto Moses, 
thus shalt thou say unto the children of Israel; ye have seen 
that I have talked with you from heaven. Ye shall not make 
with me gods of silver, neither shall ye make unto you gods 
of gold. An altar of earth thou shalt make unto me, and 
shalt sacrifice thereon thy burnt offerings, and thy peace 
offerings, thy sheep and thy oxen; in all places where I record 
my name, I will come unto thee and bless thee. And if thou 
wilt make me an altar of stone, thou shalt not build it of hewn 
stone, for if thou lift up thy tool upon it thou hast polluted 
it. Neither shalt thou go up by steps unto mine altar, that 
thy nakedness be not discovered thereon. Ex. 20: 18-26. 

Here we find a Spiritual Trinity in legislation, making a 
Covenant and enacting laws. And the Lord Said unto Moses. 

In this Covenant and these Laics the Trinity is the same as 
in the Creation; the Father, the Word and the Holy Ghost. 
The Father Spake through the Holy Ghost, and thus ordained 
as above stated, in the hands of a mediator; the mediator was 
made the executive officer of the will of the Spiritual Trinity. 
Through this mediator, the will of the Father was made 
known to Israel, through him during his day. the spiritual 



24 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

and temporal business transactions between God and the 
Israelitish nation, both ways, were conducted and so on through 
all the succession of the types of Christ until he entered upon 
his mediatorial office through the Anointment of the Holy 
Ghost. 

Another example of the legislation of the Spiritual Trinity. 
And the Lord Said unto Moses, hew thee two tables of stone 
like unto the first : and I will write upon these tables the 
words that were on the first tables which thou breakest. 
And be ready in the morning, and come up in the morning 
unto mount Sinai, and present thyself there to me on the top 
of the mount. And no man shall come up with thee, neither 
let any man be seen throughout all the mount, neither let the 
flocks nor herds feed before the mount. Ex. 34: 1-3. 

Here again we find the Spiritual Trinity legislating. And 
the Lord Said unto Moses, the Father Speaking through the 
Spirit, unto Mosses commanding and appointing what to do. 

Again, And the Lord Said unto Moses, write thou these 
words, for after the tenor of these words I have made a Cove- 
nant with thee and with Israel. Ex. 34: 27. 

Yet again, And it came to pass when all the people had 
clean passed over Jordon, that the Lord Spake unto Joshua, 
sayiug, take you twelve men out of the people, out of every 
tribe a man, and command ye them saying, Take you hence 
out of the midst of Jordan out of the place where the priests' 
feet stood firm, twelve stones, and ye shall carry them over 
with you, and leave them in the lodging place where ye shall 
lodge this night. Joshua 4: 1-3. 

Examples of this kind in the Scriptures are almost num- 
berless ; many of which will be given and amply illustrated 
in the following work ; so that it will be impossible for those 
who read not to understand and be greatly profited. 



EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 25 

CHAPTER XI. 

OF THE COMPOUND EXECUTIVE TRINITY IN REDEMPTION. 

By the Compound Executive Trinity in Redemption, we 
mean the Father, the Holy Ghost and the Son, in the order of 
Time, the Power of the Father through the Holy Ghost beget- 
ing the Son in the womb of the Virgin Mary, which Son, is a 
Compound of Divinity and Humanity ; the Divinity in the 
fulness of the Godhead bodily, dwelling in the Son as his 
Tabernacle, and acting through the Son in the salvation of the 
human race. 

And in the sixth month the angel Gabriel was sent from 
God unto a city of Gallilee, named Nazareth, to a virgin 
espoused to a man whose name was Joseph, of the house of 
David, and the virgin's name was Mary. And the angel came 
in unto her and said, Hail thou that art highly favored, for 
the Lord is with thee, blessed art thou among women. And 
when she saw him, she was troubled at his saying, and cast 
in her mind what manner of salutation this should be. And 
the angel said unto her, Fear not, Mary : for thou hast found 
favor with God. And behold thou shalt conceive in thy womb, 
and bring forth a Son, and shalt call his name Jesus. He 
shall be great, and shall be called the Son of the Highest ; 
and the Lord God shall give unto him the throne of his father 
David. And he shall reign over the house of Jacob for ever ; 
and of his kingdom there shall be no end. Then said Mary 
unto the angel, How shall this be, seeing I know not a man ? 
And the angel answered and said unto her, The Holy Ghost 
shall come upon thee, and the power of the Highest shall 
overshadow thee : therefore also that that holy thing which 
shall be born of thee, shall be called the Son of God. Luke 
1: 26-35. Now the birth of Jesus Christ was on this wise : 
When as his Mother Mary was espoused to Joseph, before 
they came together, she was found with child of the Holy 



26 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

Ghost. Then Joseph her husband, being a just man, and not 
willing to make her a public example, was minded to put her 
away privily. But while he thought on these things, behold, 
the angel the Lord appeared to him in a dream, saying, Joseph, 
thou son of David, fear not to take unto thee Mary thy wife : 
for that which is conceived in her is of the Holy Ghost. And 
she shall bring forth a Son, and thou shalt call his name 
Jesus : for he shall save his people from their sins. Mat. 1: 
18—21. 

In each of the above quotations we have clearly disclosed 
the operation of the Spiritual Trinity in Creation. In the 
first, it is clearly stated that the angel who appeared to Mary 
was sent from God, and hence his message was the Word of 
God. Here then, is the Father speaking through the Holy 
Ghost, and the Holy Ghost at the Command of the Father ; 
did by his power, beget in the womb of the vergin Mary, 
Jesus, who was thus called the Son of God. The latter case 
is of the same import. 

Again, When the fulness of the time was come, God sent 
forth his Son, made of a woman, made under the law, To re- 
deem them that were under the law, that we might receive 
the adoption of sons. Gal. 4: 4, 5. 

From all this, and much more that might be quoted to the 
same import, it is evident that Jesus, the Son of Mary, was 
the Created humanity of the Spiritual Trinity in Creation, 
who dwelt in the human body of the Son of Mary, in all the 
fulness of his Godhead, and these two natures united, consti- 
tuted the Christ. As in the Spiritual Trinity of Creation 
and Legislation, the last person developed in the order of 
time, assumed the second position in the organization and 
operation ; so also in the Compound Executive Trinity in 
Redemption, the last Person developed or created who was 
the Sod, assumes the second position in the organization, and 
thus become Mediator in the great work of Redemption be- 
tween God and man. The Holy Ghost proceeding from the 
Father through him, and by virtue of his Atonement to the 
world, and by his operations awakening, enlightening and 
sanctifying the minds and hearts and souls of the human fami- 



EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 



ly for the kingdom of God. The humanity of Christ now be- 
comes the organ of the Word, but not the Word itself, and 
God Speaks through the Son to the world ; as the apostle 
says, God who at sundry times and in divers manners Spake 
in time past unto the fathers by the prophets, Hath in these 
last days Spoken unto us by his Son, whom he hath appointed 
heir of all things, by whom also he made the worlds. He- 
brews 1: 1, 2. 

Here is a case where the Son is mistaken for the Word, as 
we have abundantly shown in chapter 9, which see. Here 
we again repeat, lies most of the confusion to the proper and 
clear understanding of the Trinities — the often confounding 
the Word with the Son. The terms in the Scriptures are 
sometimes interchanged, and the proper term in every case 
must be determined by the context. When it is written 
Christ died for the sins of the whole world, it is understood to 
say the humanity of Christ only ; and when again as here, it 
is written that God made the world by the Son ; it is under- 
stood to say by the Word, who dwelt in the Son and was the 
Divinity of the Christ. Let us illustrate this important truth 
still further by some examples from the prophets who were 
types of Christ. 

The Word, that Isaiah the son of Amoz saw concerning 
Judah and Jerusalem. And it shall come to pass in the last 
days, that the mountain of the Lord's house shall be estab- 
lished in the top of the mountains, and shall be exalted above 
the hills ; and all nations shall flow unto it. And many peo- 
ple shall go and say, Come ye, and let us go up to the moun- 
tain of the Lord, to the house of the God of Jacob ; and 
he will teach us of his ways, and we will walk in his paths ; 
for out of Zion shall go forth the law, and the Word of the 
Lord from Jerusalem. Isa. 2: 1 — 3. The Word that came 
to Jeremiah from the Lord, saying, stand in the gate of the 
Lord's house and proclaim there this Word, and say, Hear the 
Word of the Lord, all ye of Judah, that enter in at the gates 
to worship the Lord. Thus Saith the Lord of hosts, the God 
of Israel, Amend your ways and your doings, and I will cause 
you to dwell in this place. Jeremiah 7: 1 — 3. And be 



28 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

Said unto me, son of man stand upon thy feet and I will Speak 
unto thee, And the Spirit entered into me when he Spake unto 
me, and set me upon my feet, that I heard him that Spake 
unto me, And he Said unto me, son of man, I send thee unto 
the children of Israel, to a rebellious nation that hath rebell- 
ed against me, they and their fathers have transgressed 
against me even unto this day. For they are impudent chil- 
dren and stiff hearted. I do send thee unto them, and thou 
shalt say unto them, Thus Saith the Lord God. And they, 
whether they will hear, or whether they will forbear, (for 
they are a rebellious house,) yet shall know that there hath 
been a prophet among them. Ezekiel 2: 1 — 5. 

In the above and many other passages of the same import that 
might be quoted, we see that the Word of God proceeded from 
the Father through the prophets to Israel and to the world. 
The prophets were caskets in which the Word dwelt, and the 
organ through which the Word was communicated. 

In the same manner, but in a much higher degree was it 
the case with Christ. 

Jesus Saith unto them, My meat is to do the will of him 
that sent me, and to finish his work. John 4: 34. For I 
came down from heaven, not to do mine own will, but the 
will of him that sent me. And this is the Father's will that 
sent me, that of all which he hath given me I should loose 
nothing but should raise it up again at the last day. And 
this is the will of him that sent me, that every one which 
seeth the Son and believeth on him, may have everlasting 
life, and I will raise him up at the last day. John 6: 38 — 40. 

We pause here to make a short comment on the Saviour's 
declaration of himself, which has confused many good people. 
He says in verse 38, For I came down from heaven ; by which 
declaration many have supposed that Christ's humanity came 
down from heaven, whereas he is to be understood of his Di- 
vinity, for Christ's humanity never was in heaven until his 
ascension after his crucifixion and resurrection. His humani- 
ty was of heavenly origin as the product of the Fathei through 
the creative power of the Holy Ghost, but the humanity of 
Christ never existed until it was created iu the womb of the 



EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 29 

virgin Mary, and as such, never was in heaven until he ascend- 
ed to heaven. 

But to proceed. Then answered Jesus and Said unto them. 
verily, verily, I Say unto you, The Son can do nothing of him- 
self, but what he seeth the Father do : for what things he 
doeth, these also doeth the Son likewise. John 5: 19. I 
can of mine own self do nothing : as I hear, I judge : and my 
judgment is just : because I seek not mine own will, but the 
will of the Father which hath sent me. 30. Then Said Jesus 
unto them, When ye have lifted up the Son of man then shall 
ye know that I am he, and that I do nothing of myself ; but 
as my Father hath taught me, I Speak these things. John 8: 
28. And he that sent me is with me ; the Father hath not 
left me alone ; for I do always those things that please him. 
As he Spake these words many believed on him. 29, 30. I 
must work the works of him that sent me while it is day, the 
night cometh when no man can work. 9: 4. For I have not 
Spoken of myself, but the Father which sent me, he gave me 
a commandment what I should Say, and what I should Speak. 
And I know that his commandment is life everlasting ; what- 
soever I Speak therefore, even as the Father Said unto me, so 
I Speak. John 12: 49, 50. Believest thou not that I am in 
the Father and the Father in me? the words that I Speak 
unto you I Speak not of myself: but the Father that dwelleth 
in me, he doeth the works. John 14: 10. Ye have heard 
how I Said unto you, I go away and come again unto you. 
If ye loved me ye would rejoice, because I said, I go unto the 
Father — for my Father is greater than I. John 14: 28. Let 
this mind be in you which was also in Christ Jesus ; who be- 
ing in the form of God, thought it not robbery to be equal 
with God. But made himself of no reputation, and took upon 
him the form of a servant, and was made in the likeness of 
men, And being found in fashion as a man, he humbled himself 
and became obedient unto death, even the death of the cross. 
Wherefore God also hath highly exalted him and given him 
a name above every name : That at the name of Jesus every 
knee should bow, of things in heaven, and things in earth, 
and things under the earth. And that every tongue should 



30 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

confess that Jesus Christ is Lord, to the glory of God the 
Father. Philipians 2: 5 — 11. 

On a proper understanding of the last quoted passage from 
the apostle, much depends ; we will therefore give the true 
scriptural meaning of the passage as it stands in the context 
of the many quotations previously given, and with which of 
course it must agree. The form of God therefore attributed 
to Christ Jesus by the apostle in verse 6, must have the same 
meaning as the image of God attributed to Adam at his crea- 
tion. Gen. 1: 26, 27. This image of Adam is certainly un- 
derstood in a moral sense of righteousness and true holiness 
and which agrees with the apostles description of the spiritual 
image of the new man, who he says, " After God is created in 
righteousness and true holiness " Ephesians 4: 24. The angel 
who announced to Mary the Word of the Lord in anticipation 
of the conception and birth of Jesus, says, Therefore, also that 
holy thing which shall be born of thee, shall be called the 
Son of God. 

Christ Jesus taking upon him the form of a servant, is but 
a reiteration of the numerous declarations in the Scriptures 
of the Father dwelling in the Son, and the union of the two 
natures in one Christ, and his making himself of no reputa- 
tion, clearly means nothing but the servile offices which 
Christ performed in setting his people an example of humility 
and love ; for He came not to be ministered unto but to min- 
ister and to give his life a ransom for many. For this express 
purpose God took upon him flesh, and this flesh was in the like- 
ness of man. And being found in fashion as a man, God the 
Father, humbled himself thus to dwell in the man as a servant, 
and the man became obedient unto death, even the death of 
the cross. Wherefore God also hath highly exalted him (the 
man,) and given him a name which is above every name. 
Therefore, as Jesus was begoten by the Holy Ghost in the 
womb of the vergin Mary, a holy thing, born holy, lived holy, 
in whom the fullness of the Godhead dwelt bodily and as the 
humanity of Christ was crucified as an atonement for the sins 
of the whole world ; and as God raised the dead humanity of 
Christ from the dead and ascended with it, and in it to hea- 



EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 31 

Ten, never more to be divided or separated ; then, " at the 
name of Jesus, every knee should bow, of things in heaven, 
and things in earth. And that every tongue should confess 
that Jesus Christ is Lord, to the glory of God the Father" 
who of his boundless goodness and mercy to the human family 
hath devised, and through his Spirit, executed this wonder- 
ous plan of human Eedemption. 

The Son then having this exalted character — a man after 
God 7 s own image in righteousness and true holiness and filled 
with the fullness of the Godhead, takes his position in the 
organized Compound Executive Trinity in Redemption as 
the second Person, through whom, and by virtue of whose 
atonement the process of human Redemption is conducted by 
the agency of the Spirit; and the organized Compound 
Executive Trinity in Redemption stands thus : The Father, 
the Son and the Holy Ghost. 

God the Father, now Speaks by his Spirit through the Son 7 
to the world. The Son is the organ of the Word, but not the 
Word itself. 



CHAPTER XII. 

OF THE OPERATIONS OF THE COMPOUND EXECUTIVE TRINITY IN 
REDEMPTION. 

First, The authority and commission with which the Father 
invested the Son. 

The Lord thy God will raise up unto thee a Prophet from 
the midst of thee, of thy brethren, like unto me, unto him ye 
shall hearken, According to all that thou desiredst of the 
Lord thy God in Horeb, in the day of the assembly, saying. 
Let me not hear again the voice of the Lord my God. neither 
let me see this great fire any more, that I die not, And the 



32 EXPOSITION OP THE TRINITIES, 

Lord Said unto me, They have well spoken that which they 
have spoken ; I will raise them up a Prophet from their breth- 
ren like unto thee, and I will put my words in his mouth and 
he shall Speak unto them all that I shall command him, And 
it shall come to pass that whosoever will not hearken unto 
my words which he shall Speak in my name, I will require it 
of him. Deu. 18: 15 — 19. And it came to pass about eight 
days after these sayings, he took Peter, and John, and James, 
and went up into a mountain to pray. And as he prayed, 
the fashion of his countenance was altered, and his raiment 
was white and glistening. And behold, there talked with 
him two men, which were Moses and Elias : Who appeared 
in glory, and spake of his decease which he should accomplish 
at Jerusalem. But Peter and they that were with him were 
heavy with sleep : and when they were awake, they saw his 
glory, and the two men that were with him. And it came 
to pass, as they departed from him, Peter said unto Jesus, 
Master, it is good for us to be here : and let us make three 
tabernacles ; one for thee, and one for Moses, and one for 
Elias : not knowing what he said. While he thus spake, 
there came a cloud, and overshadowed them ; and they fear- 
ed as they entered into the cloud. And there came a voice 
out of the cloud, saying, This is my beloved Son : hear him. 
Luke 9: 28 — 35. Repent ye therefore, and be converted, 
that your sins may be blotted out, when the times of refresh- 
ing shall come from the presence of the Lord. And he shall 
send Jesus Christ, which before was preached unto you : 
Whom the heavens must receive, until the restitution of all 
things, which God hath Spoken by the mouth of his holy 
prophets, since the world began. For Moses truly said unto 
the fathers, A Prophet shall the Lord your God raise up unto 
you, of your brethren, like unto me ; him shall ye hear in all 
things, whatsoever he shall Say unto you. And it shall come 
to pass, that every soul which will not hear that Prophet, shall 
be destroyed from among the people. Yea, and all the pro- 
phets from Samuel, and those that follow after, as many as 
have spoken, have likewise foretold of these days. Ye are 
the children of the prophets, and of the covenant which God 



EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 33 

made with our fathers, saying unto Abraham, And in thy 
Seed shall all the kindreds of the earth be blessed. Unto you 
first, God having raised up his Son Jesus, sent him to bless you, 
in turning away every ^one of you from his iniquities. Acts 
3: 19 — 26. He that receiveth you, receiveth me, and he that 
receiveth me, receiveth him that sent me. He that receiveth 
a prophet in the name of a prophet, receiveth a prophet 1 s reward; 
and he that receiveth a righteous man in the name of a right- 
eous man, receiveth a righteous man's reward ; and whoso- 
ever shall give to drink unto one of these little ones, a cup of 
cold water only, in the name of a disciple ; Verily, I say unto 
you, he shall in no wise loose his reward. Mat. 10: 40 — 42. 
Then Jesus went thence, and departed into the coasts of Tyre 
and Sidon, And behold a woman of Canaan came out of the 
same coasts and cried unto him saying, Have mercy on me 
Lord, thou Son of David, my daughter is grievously vexed 
with a devil ! But he answered her not a word. And his 
disciples came and besought him, saying, Send her away, for 
she crieth after us. But he answered and said, I am not sent 
but to the lost sheep of the house of Israel. Then came she and 
worshiped him, Saying, Lord help me : Bat he answered and 
Said, it is not meet to take the children's bread and to cast it 
to dogs. And she said, truth Lord, yet the dogs eat of the 
crumbs that fall from their master's table. Then Jesus an- 
swered and Said unto her, woman, great is thy faith ; be it 
unto thee even as thou wilt. And her daughter was made 
whole from that very hour. Mat. 15 : 21 — 28. 

Now when the sun was sitting, all they that had any sick, 
with divers diseases, brought them unto him : and he laid his 
hands on every one of them and healed them. And devils 
also came out of many crying out and saying, Thou art 
Christ the Son of God. And he rebuking them, suffered; 
them not to speak, for they knew that he was Christ. And 
when it was day, he departed and went into a desert place. 
And the people sought him and came unto him, and stayed 
him, that he should not depart from them. And he Said unto 
them, I must preach the kingdom of God to other cities also,. 
3 



34 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

for therefore am I sent : And he preached in the synagogues 
of Gallilee. Luke 4: 40—44. 

For G-od so loved the world, that he gave his only begotten 
Son, that whosoever believeth in him should not perish but 
have everlasting life. For God sent not his Son unto the 
world to condemn the world, but that the world through him 
might be saved. John 3: 16, 17. In the mean while his 
disciples prayed him, saying, Master eat. But he Said unto 
them, I have meat to eat that ye know not of. Therefore, 
said his disciples one to another, Hath any man brought him 
aught to eat ? Jesus Saith unto them, My meat is to do the 
will of him that sent me, and to finish his work. John 4: 
31 — 34. But I have greater witness than that of John, for 
the works which the Father hath given me to finish, the same 
works that I do bear witness of me, that the Father hath 
sent me. And the Father himself which hath sent me, hath 
borne witness of me, Ye have neither heard his voice at any 
time nor seen his shape. And ye have not his Word abiding 
in you : for whom he hath sent, him ye believe not. John 
5: 36—38. 

For I came down from heaven, not to do mine own will, 
but the will of him that sent me. And this is the Father's 
will that sent me, that of all which he hath given me, I should 
loose nothing, but should raise it up again at the last day. 
And this is the will of him that sent me, that every one that 
seeth the Son and believeth on him, may have everlasting 
life, and I will raise him up at the last day. John 6: 38 — 40. 
No man can come to me except the Father which hath sent 
me, draw him : and I will raise him up at the last day. 44. 
Then cried Jesus in the temple, as he taught, saying, Ye both 
know me, and ye know whence I am, and I am not come of 
myself, but he that sent me is true, whom ye know not. But 
I know him, for I am from him, and he hath sent me. John 
7: 28, 29. 



EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 35 



CHAPTER XIII. 

OF THE MEDIATORIAL OFFICE OF CHRIST IN HIS PROPHETIC 
CHARACTER, THROUGH WHOM THE WORD CAME TO THE 
WORLD, TO TEACH THE DOCTRINES OF MORALITY AND RE- 
LIGION. 

Our Saviour's Word is the standard of truth by which all 
our words and actions should be conformed. 

The world, when he appeared, was in a state of confusion 
from the many philosophic theories, falsely so called, which 
had been propagated by different leaders and sects, and the 
light of truth which had been given by the inspired Prophets, 
had been lost, and the world groped in moral darkness. 
Christ, in whom were the treasures of wisdom and knowledge, 
shone as the fountain of light to the world ; taught the world 
the true doctrines of providence, morality and religion, and 
illustrated them by his own example. Hence, we hear him 
saying, " I am the Light of the world, he that followeth me 
shall not walk in darkness but shall have the light of life.'' 
John 8: 12. 

In him was life, and the life was the light of men, and the 
light shineth in darkness, and the darkness comprehended it 
not. There was a man sent from God whose name was John. 
The same came for a witness to bear witness of the Light, 
that all men through him might believe. He was not that 
Light, but was sent to bear witness of that Light. That was 
the true Light, which lighteth every man that cometh into the 
world. He was in the world, and the world was made by him, 
and the world knew him not. He came unto his own, and 
his own received him not. But as many as received him, to 
them gave he power to become the sons of God, even to them 
that believe on his name. Which were born not of blood, 
nor of the will of the flesh, nor of the will of man, but of 
God. John 1:4—13. 



36 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

Therefore, whosoever heareth these sayings of mine and 
doeth them, I will liken him unto a wise man who built his 
house upon a rock : And the rain descended, and the floods 
came, and the winds blew, and beat upon that house and it 
fell not ; for it was founded upon a rock. And every one 
that heareth these sayings of mine and doeth them not, shall 
be likened unto a foolish man, who built his house upon the 
sand : And the rain descended, and the floods came, and the 
winds blew and beat upon that house and it fell ; and great was 
the fall of it. And it came to pass when Jesus had ended 
these sayings, the people were astonished at his doctrine ; 
For he taught them as one having authority, and not as the 
scribes. Mat. 7: 24 — 29. And the Apostles gathered them- 
selves together unto Jesus and told him all things, both what 
they had done and what they had taught. And he Said unto 
them, Come ye yourselves apart into a desert place, and rest 
awhile : for there were many coming and going, and they had 
no leisure so much as to eat. And they departed into a 
desert place by ship, privately. And the people saw them 
departing, and many knew him, and ran afoot thither out of 
all the cities, and outwent them, and came together unto him. 
And Jesus when he came out, saw much people and was mov- 
ed with compassion toward them, because they were as sheep 
not having a shepherd, And he began to teach them many 
things. Mark 6: 30—35. 

And it came to pass that as he was praying in a certain 
place, when he ceased, one of his desciples said unto him, 
Lord teach us to pray, as John also taught his disciples. And 
he said unto them, When ye pray, say, Our Father who art 
in heaven, Hallowed be thy name, Thy kingdom come, Thy 
will be done, as in heaven, so in earth. Give us this day our 
daily bread, And forgive us our sins, for we also forgive 
every one that is indebted to us. And lead us not into temp- 
tation ; but deliver us from evil. And he Said unto them, 
Which of you shall have a friend, and shall go unto him at 
midnight and say unto him, Friend lend me three loaves, For 
a friend of mine in his journey is come to me, and I have 
nothing to set before him? And he from within shall an- 



EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 37 

swer and say trouble me not, the door is now shut and my 
children are now with me in bed ; I cannot rise and give 
thee. I say unto you, though he will not rise and give him 
because he is his friend, yet because of his importunity, he 
will rise and give him as many as he needeth. And I Say 
unto you, Ask and it shall be given you ; seek and ye shall 
find ; knock and it shall be opened unto you. For every one 
that asketh receiveth, and he that seeketh findeth ; and to 
him that knocketh it shall be opened. If a son ask bread of 
any of you that is a father, will he give him a stone ? or, if 
he ask a fish, will he give him a serpent ? Or if he ask an 
egg, will he offer him a scorpion ? If ye then being evil know 
how to give good gifts unto you children, how much more 
shall your heavenly Father give the Holy Spirit to them that 
ask him? Luke 11: 1—13. 

Now about the midst of the feast, Jesus went up into the 
temple and taught. And the Jews marveled, saying, How 
knoweth this man letters, having never learned. Jesus an- 
swered them and Said, My doctrine is not mine, but his that 
sent me. If any man will do his will he shall know of the 
doctrine, whether it be of God or whether I Speak of myself. 
He that speaketh of himself seeketh his own glory : but he 
that seeketh his glory that sent him, the same is true, and 
no unrighteousness is in him. Did not Moses give you the 
law, and yet none of you keepeth the law ? Why go ye 
about to kill me ? The people answered and said, Thou hast 
a devil : who goeth about to kill thee ? Jesus answered and 
Said unto them, I have done one work, and ye all marvel. 
Moses therefore gave unto you circumcision, (not because it 
is of Moses, but of the fathers ;) and ye on the Sabbath day 
circumcise a man. If a man on the Sabbath day receive cir- 
cumcision, that the law of Moses should not be broken, are 
ye angry at me because I have made a man every whit whole 
on the Sabbath day? Judge not according to the appearance 
but judge righteous judgment. John 7: 14 — 24. 

I Said, therefore, unto you, Ye shall die in you sins, for if 
ye believe not that I am he, ye shall die in your sins. Then 
said they unto him, Who art thou? And Jesus Saith unto 



38 



EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 



them, Even the same that I Said unto you from the begining, 
I have many things to say and to judge of you, but he that 
sent me is true ; and I Speak to the world those things which 
I have heard of him. They understood not that he Spake 
unto them of the Father. Then Said Jesus unto them, When 
ye have lifted up the Son of man, then shall ye know that I 
am he, and that I do nothing of myself : but as my Father 
hath taught me, I Speak these things, And he that sent me is 
with me : the Father hath not left me alone ; for I do always 
those things that please him. As he Spake these words, many 
believed on him. Then Said Jesus to those Jews which be- 
lieved on him, If ye continue in my Word, then are ye my 
disciples indeed. And ye shall know the truth, and the truth 
shall make you free. John 8: 24 — 32. 

The high priest then asked Jesus of his disciples and of 
his doctrine. Jesus answered him, I Spoke openly to the 
world ; I ever taught in the synagogue and in the temple, 
whither the Jews always resort ; and in secret have I Said 
nothing : Why asketh thou me ? ask them which heard me ; 
behold they know what I Said. And when he had thus 
Spoken, one of the officers which stood by struck Jesus with 
the palm of his hand, saying, Answerest thou the high priest 
so ? Jesus answered him, If I have Spoken evil bear witness 
of the evil, but if good, why smitest thou me? John 18: 
19—23. 

In the above quotations, it is amply proved that Jesus, the 
Son of God, was sent by the Father as a Prophet to teach the 
world, and that the precepts and doctrines which he taught 
were the Word of the Father, communicated to the world 
through the Son as the Mediator between God and man. 



EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 39 



CHAPTER XIY. 

Christ's mediatorial office as a priest, to reconcile his 
father to the world, and to bring us to god. 

Man having sinned and thus incured the displeasure of 
his Maker, it became necessary in order to a reconciliation 
between the parties, that satisfaction should be made to 
Divine justice. This satisfaction was made by the sacri- 
fice of the human nature of Christ who was crucified upon the 
cross upon Calvary, where he died freely and graciously ; give 
his life's blood as an atonement to the Father for the 
natural impurity and personal transgressions of all the hu- 
man family. Thus he laid the foundation and opened the 
door for the salvation of our race, and hath invited the ends 
of the earth to come unto him and be saved ; " neither is there 
salvation in any other, For there is no other name given un- 
der heaven whereby we must be saved, but the name of our 
Lord Jesus Chiist" Acts 4; 12. 

The Lord hath sworn and will not repent, Thou art a 
Priest forever after the order of Melchisedec. The Lord at 
thy right hand shall strike through kings in the day of his 
wrath. He shall judge among the heathen : He shall fill the 
places with the dead bodies : he shall wound the heads of 
many countries ; he shall drink of the brook on the way ; 
therefore shall he lift up the head. Ps. 110: 4 — 7. 

For it is evident that our Lord sprang out of Judah : of 
which tribe Moses spake nothing concerning priesthood. 
And it is yet far more evident ; for that after the similitude 
of Melchisedec, there ariseth another Priest, who is made 
not after the law of a carnal commandment, but after the 
power of an endless life. For he testifieth, Thou art a Priest 
forever, after the order of Melchisedec. For there is verily 
a disannulling of the commandment going before, for the 
weakness and unprofitableness thereof. For the law made 



40 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

nothing perfect, but the bringing in of a better hope did ; by 
the which we draw nigh unto God. And inasmuch as not 
without an oath he was made a Priest. (For those priests 
were made without an oath ; but this with an oath, by him 
that Said unto him, The Lord Sware, and will not repent, 
Thou art a Priest for ever after the order of Melchisedec :) 
By so much was Jesus made a surety of a better testament. 
And they truly were many priests, because they were not suf- 
fered to continue by reason of death : But this man because 
he continueth ever, hath an unchangeable Priesthood. 
Wherefore he is able to save them to the uttermost who 
come unto God by him, seeing he ever liveth to make inter- 
cession for them. For such an high Priest became us, who 
is holy, harmless, undefined, separate from sinners, and made 
higher than the heavens ; Who needeth not daily, as those 
high priests, to offer up sacrifice, first for his own sins, and 
then for the people's : for this he did once, when he offered 
up himself. For the law maketh men high priests which 
have infirmity ; but the Word of the Oath, which was since 
the law, maketh the Son, who is consecrated for evermore. 
Heb. 7: 14—28. 

Isaiah, in prophetic vision saw the day of Christ and spake 
of his griefs, his sorrows, and crucifixion seven hundred years 
before the event. Who hath believed our report ? and to 
whom is the arm of the Lord revealed ? For he shall grow 
up before him as a tender plant, and as a root out of a dry 
ground : he hath no form nor comeliness ; and when we shall 
see him, there is no beauty that we should desire him. He 
is despised and rejected of men ; a man of sorrows, and ac- 
quainted with grief : and we hid as it were our face from 
him ; he was despised, and we esteemed him not. Surely he 
hath borne our griefs, and carried our sorrows : yet we did 
esteem him stricken, smitten of God, and afflicted. But he 
was wounded for our transgressions, he was bruised for our 
iniquities ; the chastisement of our peace was upon him ; and 
with his stripes we are healed. All we like sheep have gone 
astray ; we have turned every one to his own way ; and the 
Lord hath laid on him the iniquity of us all. He was op- 



EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 41 

pressed, and he was afflicted, yet he opened not his mouth : 
he is brought as a lamb to the slaughter, and as a sheep be- 
fore her shearers is dumb, so he opened not his mouth. He 
was taken from prison and from judgment : and who shall 
declare his generation ? for he was cut off out of the land of 
the living : for the transgression of my people was he stricken. 
And he made his grave with the wicked, and with the rich in 
his death ; because he had done no violence, neither was any 
deceit in his mouth. Yet it pleased the Lord to bruise him ; 
he hath put him to grief : when thou shalt make his soul an 
offering for sin, he shall see his seed, he shall prolong his 
days, and the pleasure of the Lord shall prosper in his hand. 
He shall see of the travail of his soul, and shall be satisfied : 
by his knowledge shall my righteous servant justify many ; 
for he shall bear their iniquities. Therefore will I divide 
him a portion with the great, and he shall divide the spoil 
with the strong ; because he hath poured out his soul unto 
death : and he was numbered with the transgressors ; and he 
bare the sin of many, and made intercession for the trans- 
gressors. Isaiah 53. 

Then verily the first covenant had also ordinances of di- 
vine service, and a worldly sanctuary. For there was a tab- 
ernacle made ; the first wherein was the candlestick, and the 
table, and the shew-bread ; which is called the sanctuary. 
And after the second vail, the tabernacle which is called the 
Holiest of all ; Which had the golden censer, and the ark of 
the covenant overlaid round about with gold, wherein was 
the golden pot that had manna, and Aaron's rod that budded, 
and the tables of the covenant ; And over it the cherubims of 
glory shadowing the mercy-seat ; of which we cannot now 
speak particularly. Now when these things were thus or- 
dained, the priests went always into the first tabernacle, ac- 
complishing the service of God : But unto the second went 
the high priest alone once every year, not without blood, 
which he offered for himself, and for the errors of the peo- 
ple : The Holy Ghost this signifying, that the way unto the 
holiest of all was not yet made manifest, while as the first 
tabernacle was yet standing : Which was a figure for the 



42 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

time then present, in which were offered both gifts and sac- 
rifices, that could not make him that did the service perfect, 
as pertaining to the conscience; Which stood only in meats 
and drinks, and divers washings, and carnal ordinances, im- 
posed on them until the time of reformation. But Christ 
being come an high Priest of good things to come, by a 
greater and more perfect tabernacle, not made with hands, 
that is to say, not of this building ; Neither by the blood of 
goats and calves, but by his own blood, he entered in once 
into the holy place, having obtained eternal redemption for 
us. For if the blood of bulls and goats, and the ashes of an 
heifer sprinkling the unclean, sanctifieth to the purifying of 
the flesh ; How much more shall the blood of Christ, who 
through the eternal Spirit offered himself without spot to 
God, purge your conscience from dead works to serve the 
living God ? And for this cause he is the Mediator of the 
new testament, that by means of death, for the redemption of 
the transgressions that were under the first testament, they 
which are called might receive the promise of eternal inheri- 
tance. For where a testament is, there must also of neces- 
sity be the death of the testator. For a testament is of force 
after men are dead : otherwise it is of no strength at all while 
the testator liveth. Whereupon neither the first testament 
was dedicated without blood. For when Moses had spoken 
every precept to all the people according to the law, he took 
the blood of calves and of goats, with water, and scarlet 
wool, and hyssop, and sprinkled both the book and all the 
people, Saying, This is the blood of the testament which God 
hath enjoined unto you. Moreover, he sprinkled with blood 
both the tabernacle, and all the vessels of the ministry. And 
almost all things are by the law purged with blood ; and 
without shedding of blood is no remission. It was therefore 
necessary that the patterns of things in the heavens should 
be purified with these ; but the heavenly things themselves 
with better sacrifices than these. For Christ is not entered 
into the holy places made with hands, which are the figures 
of the true ; but into heaven itself, now to appear in the pres- 
ence of God for us : Nor vet that he should offer himself 



EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 43 

often, as the high priest entereth into the holy place every 
year with blood of others ; For then must he often have suf- 
fered since the foundation of the world : but now once in the 
end of the world hath he appeared to put away sin by the 
sacrifice of himself. And as it is appointed unto men once to 
die, but after this the judgment : So Christ was once offered 
to bear the sins of many ; and unto them that look for him 
shall he appear the second time without sin unto salvation. 
Hebrews 9. 

We have been thus particular and lengthy in giving those 
Scriptural doctrines, and historical facts pointing directly to 
the Priesthood of Christ and his crucifixion as the great Me- 
diator between God and man, by which sacrifice of himself he 
has made a full, sufficient and ample atonement for the sins of 
the whole world. And now with arms expanded, and a voice 
extended to the ends of the earth crieth, Come unto me all 
ye that labour and are heavy laden and I will give you rest. 
Take my yoke upon you and learn of me, for I am meek and 
lowly in heart, and ye shall find rest to your souls, for my 
yoke is easy and my burden is light. Mat. 11: 28 — 30. 

The Scriptures being their best interpreters, we have let 
them Speak almost exclusively on this all important subject. 
The believer in Christ will not tire at reading the detailed 
history of Inspiration of the Priestly office and Crucifixion of 
his Saviour, as his soul will feed upon the manna of love 
exhibited in this wonderful display of the great love where- 
with he loved us. And the sincere inquirer after truth will 
be abundantly edified and satisfied of the truth of Christ's 
Atonement in the unvarnished and thriling facts brought to 
light in this history. 

It was meet that this fundamental doctrine in the salvation 
of the human race should hold its appropriate relation in its 
connection with Christ's Mediatrial offices, upon it is based 
the whole economy of Providence and Grace ; without it 
there could be no religion, no salvation, and every structure 
for human happiness in time and eternity would be but the 
baseless fabric of a vision. It is the KEYSTONE in the 
ARCH of our salvation. 



44 



EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 



Through the crucified and risen Son of God, the whole 
economy of Providence and Redemption is conducted and 
perfected. He will ever stand the Lamb for sinners slain ; 
their only hope and plea in time and their crown of rejoicing 
in eternity. 



CHAPTER XV. 



OP CHRIST'S MEDIATORIAL OFFICE AS A KING, 



Christ not only sustains the offices of a Prophet, to teach 
the Church and the world, they without him being ignorant ; 
and of a Priest who has atoned for them, being polluted ; but 
also that of a King to rule over them by rightful authority. 
Hence it is written : 

Yet have I set my King upon my holy hill of Zion. I will 
declare the decree : the Lord hath Said unto me, Thou art 
my Son ; this day have I begotten thee. Ask of me and I 
will give thee the heathen for thine inheritance, and the ut- 
termost parts of the earth for thy possession. Thou shalt 
break then with a rod of iron ; thou shalt dash them in 
pieces like a potter's vessel. Be wise now therefore, ye 
kings : be instructed, ye judges of the earth. Serve the 
Lord with fear, and rejoice with trembling. Kiss the Son, 
lest he be angry, and ye perish from the way, when his wrath 
is kindled but a little. Blessed are all they that put their 
trust in him. Ps. 2: 6—12. 

Give ear to my words, Lord, consider my meditation. 
Hearken unto the voice of my cry, my King, and my God : 
for unto thee will I pray. My voice shalt thou hear in the 
morning, Lord ; in the morning will I direct my prayer 
unto thee, and will look up. For thou art not a God that 
hath pleasure in wickedness : neither shall evil dwell with 



EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 45 

thee. The foolish shall not stand in thy sight : thou hatest 
all workers of iniquity. Thou shalt destroy them that speak 
leasing : the Lord will abhor the bloody and deceitful man. 
But as for me, I will come into thy house in the multitude of 
mercy : and in thy fear will I worship toward thy holy tem- 
ple. Lead me, Lord, in thy righteousness, because of mine 
enemies ; make thy way straight before my face. For there 
is no faithfulness in their mouth ; their inward part is very 
wickedness ; their trhoat is an open sepulchre ; they flatter 
with their tongue. Destroy thou them, God : let them fall 
by their own counsels ; cast them out in the multitnde of their 
transgressions ; for they have rebelled against thee. But let 
all those that put their trust in thee rejoice : let them ever 
shout for joy, because thou defendest them : let them also that 
love thy name be joyful in thee. For thou, Lord, wilt bless 
the righteous ; with favour wilt thou compass him as with a 
shield. Psalms 5. 

Arise Lord, God, lift up thy hand, forget not the hum- 
ble. Wherefore doth the wicked contemn God ? he hath 
said in his heart, Thou wilt not require it. Thou hast seen 
it ; for thou beholdest mischief and spite, to require it with 
thy hand : the poor committeth himself unto thee ; thou art 
the helper of the fatherless. Break thou the arm of the wick- 
ed and the evil man : seek out his wickedness till thou find 
none. The Lord is King for ever and ever : the heathen are 
perished out of his land. Lord, thou hast heard the desire 
of the humble : thou wilt prepare their heart, thou wilt cause 
thine ear to hear : To judge the fatherless and the oppressed, 
that, the man of the earth may no more oppress. Psalms 10: 
12—18. 

The earth is the Lord's, and the fulness thereof ; the world, 
and they that dwell therein. For he hath founded it upon 
the seas, and established it upon the floods. Who shall 
ascend into the hill of the Lord ? and who shall stand in his 
holy place ? He that hath clean hands, and a pure heart ; 
who hath not lifted up his soul unto vanity, nor sworn deceit- 
fully. He shall receive the blessings from the Lord, and 
righteousness from the God of his salvation. This is the 



46 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

generation of them that seek him, that seek thy face, Jacob. 
Selah. Lift up your heads, ye gates ; and be ye lifted up, 
ye everlasting doors ; and the King of glory shall come in. 
Who is this King of glory ? the Lord strong and mighty, the 
Lord mighty in battle. Lift up your heads, ye gates ; even 
lift them up, ye everlasting doors ; and the King of glory 
shall come in. Who is the King of glory ? the Lord of hosts. 
he is the King of glory. Selah. Psalms 24. 

Thou art my King, God : command deliverances for Ja- 
cob. Through thee will we push down our enemies : through 
thy name will we tread them under that rise up against us. 
For I will not trust in my bow, neither shall my sword save 
me. But thou hast saved us from our enemies, and hast put 
them to shame that hated us. In God we boast all the day- 
long and praise thy name for ever. Selah. Psalms 44: 4 — 8. 

clap your hands, all ye people, shout unto God with the 
voice of triumph. For the Lord Most High is terrible ; he 
is a great King over all the earth. He shall subdue the peo- 
ple under us, and the nations under our feet. He shall 
choose our inheritance for us, the excellency of Jacob whom 
he loved. Selah. God is gone up with a shout, the Lord 
with the sound of a trumpet. Sing praises to God, sing 
praises : sing praises unto our King, sing praises. For God 
is the King of all the earth : sing ye praises with understand- 
ing. God reigneth over the heathen : God sitteth upon the 
throne of his holiness. The princes of the people are gath- 
ered together, even the people of the God of Abraham : for 
the shields of the earth belong unto God : he is greatly exalt- 
ed. Psalms 47. 

God, how long shall the adversary reproach ? shall the 
enemy blaspheme thy name for ever? Why withdrawest 
thou thy hand, even thy right hand ? pluck it out of thy bos- 
om. For God is my King of old, working salvation in the 
midst of the earth. Thou didst divide the sea by thy strength : 
thou breakest the heads of the dragons in the waters. Thou 
breakest the heads of leviathan in pieces, and gavest him to 
be meat to the people inhabiting the wilderness. Thou didst 
cleave the fountain and the flood ; thou driedst up mighty 






EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES, 47 

rivers. The day is thine, the night also is thine : thou hast 
prepared the light and the sun. Thou hast set all the bor- 
ders of the earth : thou hast made summer and winter. Re- 
member this, that the enemy hath reproached, Lord, and 
that the foolish people have blasphemed thy name. de- 
liver not the soul of thy turtle dove unto the multitude of the 
wicked : forget not the congregation of thy poor for ever* 
Have respect unto the covenant : for the dark places of the 
earth are full of the habitations of cruelty. let not the 
oppressed return ashamed : let the poor and needy praise thy 
name. Arise, God, plead thine own cause : remember how 
the foolish man reproacheth thee daily. Forget not the voice 
of thine enemies ; the tumult of those that rise up against thee 
increaseth continually. Psalms 74: 10 — 23. 

sing unto the Lord a new song : for he hath done mar- 
velous things : his right hand, and his holy arm, hath gotten 
him the victory. The Lord hath made known his salvation : 
his righteousness hath he openly shewed in the sight of the 
heathen. He hath remembered his mercy and his truth to- 
ward the house of Israel : all the ends of the earth have seen 
the salvation of our God. Make a joyful noise unto the 
Lord, all the earth : make a loud noise, and rejoice and sing 
praise. Sing unto the Lord with the harp : with the harp, 
and a voice of a psalm. With trumpets and sound of cornet 
make a joyful noise before the Lord, the King. Let the sea 
roar, and the fulness thereof; the world, and they that dwell 
therein. Let the floods clap their hands : let the hills be 
joyful together Before the Lord ; for he cometh to jndge 
the earth ; with righteousness shall he judge the world, and 
the people with equity. Ps. 98. 

Praise ye the Lord. Sing unto the Lord a new song, and 
his praise in the congregation of saints. Let Israel rejoice 
in him that made him : let the children of Zion be joyful in 
their King. Let them praise his name in the dance : let 
them sing praises unto him with the timbrel and harp. For 
the Lord taketh pleasure in his people : he will beautify the 
meek with salvation. Let the saints be joyful in glory : let 
them sing aloud upon their beds. Let the high praises of 



48 EXPOSITION OP THE TRINITIES. 

God be in their mouth, and a two-edged sword in their hand ; 
To execute vengeance upon the heathen, and punishments 
upon the people ; To bind their kings with chains, and their 
nobles with fetters of iron ; To execute upon them the judg- 
ment written : this honor have all his saints. Praise ye the 
Lord. Ps. 149. 

He that walketh righteously, and speak eth uprightly; he 
that despiseth the gain of oppressions, that shaketh his hands 
from holding of bribes, that stoppeth his ears from hearing of 
blood, and shutteth his eyes from seeing evil ; he shall dwell 
on high : his place of defence shall be the munitions of rocks : 
bread shall be given him : his waters shall be sure. Thine 
eyes shall see the King in his beauty : they shall behold the 
land that is very far off. Thine heart shall meditate terror. 
Where is the scribe ? where is the receiver ? where is he 
that counted the towers? Thou shalt not see a fierce people, 
a people of deeper speech than thou canst perceive ; of a 
stammering tongue that thou canst not understand. Look 
upon Zion, the city of our solemnities ; thine eyes shall see 
Jerusalem a quiet habitation, a tabernacle that shall not be 
taken down ; not one of the stakes thereof shall ever be re- 
moved, neither shall any of the cords thereof be broken. 
But there the glorious Lord will be unto us a place of broad 
rivers and streams, wherein shall go no galley with oars, nei- 
ther shall gallant ship pass thereby. For the Lord is our 
judge, the Lord is our lawgiver, the Lord is our King; he 
will save us. Thy tacklings are loosed, they could not well 
strengthen their mast ; they could not spread the sail ; then 
is the prey of a great spoil divided ; the lame take the prey. 
And the inhabitants shall not say, I am sick ; the people that 
dwell therein shall be forgiven their iniquity. Isaiah 33: 
15—24. 

But the Lord is the true God, he is the living God, and an 
everlasting King : at his wrath the earth shall tremble, and 
the nations shall not be able to abide his indignation. Thus 
shall ye say unto them, The gods that have not made the 
heavens and the earth, even they shall perish from the earth, 
and from under these heavens. He hath made the earth by 



EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 49 

his power, lie hath established the world by his wisdom, and 
hath stretched out the heavens by his discretion. When he 
uttereth his voice, there is a multitude of waters in the heav- 
ens, and he causeth the vapours to ascend from the ends of 
the earth ; he maketh lightnings with rain, and bringeth 
forth the wind out of his treasures. Every man is brutish in 
his knowledge : every founder is confounded by the graven 
image : for his molten image is falsehood, and there is no 
breath in them. They are vanity, and the work of errors : 
in the time of their visitation they shall perish. The portion 
of Jacob is not like them : for he is the former of all things ; 
and Israel is the rod of his inheritance : The Lord of hosts 
is his name. Jeremiah 10: 10 — 16. 

All this came upon the king Nebuchadnezzar. At the end 
of twelve months he walked in the palace of the kingdom of 
Babylon. The king spake, and said, Is not this great Baby- 
lon, that I have built for the house of the kingdom by the 
might of my power, and for the honor of my majesty ? While 
the word was in the king's mouth, there fell a voice from 
heaven, saying, king Nebuchadnezzar, to thee it is spo- 
ken ; The kingdom is departed from thee : And they shall 
driue thee from men, and thy dwelling shall be with the 
beasts of the field ; they shall make thee to eat grass as oxen, 
and seven times shall pass over thee, until thou know that 
the Most High ruleth in the kingdom of men, and giveth it 
to whomsoever he will. The same hour was the thing fulfill- 
ed upon Nebuchadnezzar : and he was driven from men, and 
did eat grass as oxen, and his body was wet with the dew of 
heaven, till his hairs were grown like eagle's feathers, and 
his nails like bird's claws. And at the end of the days I 
Nebuchadnezzar lifted up mine eyes to heaven, and mine un- 
derstanding returned unto me, and I blessed the Most High, 
and I praised and honored him that liveth for ever, whose 
dominion is an everlasting dominion, and his kingdom is from 
generation to generation : And all the inhabitants of the 
earth are reputed as nothing : and he doeth according to his 
will in the army of heaven, and among the inhabitants of the 
earth ; and none can stay his hand, or say unto him, What 
4 



50 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

doest thou? At the same time my reason returned unto me ; 
and for the glory of my kingdom, mine honor and brightness 
returned unto me ; and my counsellors and my lords sought 
unto me, and I was established in my kingdom, and excellent 
majesty was added unto me. Now I Nebuchadnezzar praise 
and extol and honor the King of heaven, all whose works 
are truth, and his ways judgment : and those who walk in 
pride he is able to abase. Daniel 4: 28 — 37. 

Rejoice greatly, daughter of Zion ; shout, O daughter 
of Jerusalem : behold thy King cometh unto thee : he is just, 
and having salvation ; lowly, and riding upon an ass, and 
upon a colt the foal of an ass. And I will cut off the chariot 
from Ephraim, and the horse from Jerusalem, and the battle- 
bow shall be cut off : and he shall speak peace unto the hea- 
then : and his dominion shall be from sea even to sea, and 
from the river even to the ends of the earth. As for thee 
also, by the blood of thy covenant I have sent forth thy pris- 
oners out of the pit wherein is no water. Tnrn you to the 
strong hold, ye prisoners of hope ; even to-day do I declare 
that I will render double unto thee ; When I have bent Ju- 
dah for me, filled the bow with Ephraim, and raised up thy 
sons, Zion, against thy sons, Greece, and made thee as 
the sword of a mighty man. And the Lord shall be seen 
over them, and his arrow shall go forth as the lightning : 
and the Lord G-od shall blow the trumpet, and shall go with 
whirlwinds of the south. The Lord of hosts shall defend 
them ; and they shall devour and subdue with sling-stones : 
and they shall drink, and make a noise as through wine ; 
and they shall be filled like bowls, and as the corners of the 
altar. And the Lord their God shall save them in that day 
as the flock of his people : for they shall be as the stones of a 
crown, lifted up as an ensign upon his land. For how great 
is his goodness, and how great is his beauty ! corn shall make 
the young men cheerful, and new wine the maids. Zechariah 
9: 9—17. 

Thus have we given in some detail the Scriptural eviden- 
ces of the Mediatorial offices of the Lord Jesus Christ, who 
in his humanity stands as the middle Person in the Compound, 



EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 51 

Executive Trinity in Redemption. In his human Person, the 
Spiritual Trinity, to wit, the Father, the Word, and the Holy 
Ghost, the three distinctive Persons in the Godhead, and each 
equally God, dwelt in all their fullness; and in him as their 
Tabernacle, all the operations of the Deity, (since his incar- 
nation) in providence and grace have been conducted. The 
circumstance of the Divinity dwelling in the humanity of the 
Christ, sanctifying his humanity entirely, and conforming of 
it to the moral image of God, in righteousness and true ho- 
liness, and thus stamping it with infinite merit, rendered the 
human body of the Christ in its sacrificial character, a full, 
ample and all-suficient atonement for the sins of all the 
human race. For verily he took not on him the nature of 
angels) but he took on him the seed of Abraham. Wherefore 
in all things it behooved him to be made like unto his brethren-, 
that he might be a merciful and faithful High Priest, in things 
pertaining to God, to make reconciliation for the sins of the 
people. For in that he himself suffered, being tempted, he 
is able to succor them that are tempted. Heb. 2: 16 — 18. 

The respective Persons and organizations of the Spiritual 
and Compound Trinities, and their respective operations in 
creation, in legislation, in providence, and in redemption, 
have, we think, been amply explained from the Sacred Scrip, 
tures in the foregoing chapters, and we hope to the satisfac- 
tion of all who may have read them. The views here taken 
of the respective Trinities, and their operations, are in some 
respects different, so far as I have learned, from any taken 
of the subject since the days of the Apostles; and I humbly 
hope that the light thus shed upon this hitherto mysterious 
i3nd perplexing subject, will so improve the faith and strength- 
en the believer in the truth of God's holy religion, as shall 
give an additional impulse to the Church of Christ, and add 
to her numbers millions of happy subjects. This thought 
will ever fill the heart of your humble servant with joy; and 
if it should be realized as a fact in time or eternity, will be 
an additional gem in his crown of rejoicing. 



52 EXPOSITION OP THE TRINITIES. 



AN EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

^ r _^ SM ^ 

S*^-R,T SECOND. 

CHAPTER I. 

OF THE TYPES OF CHRIST, AND THE COMPOUND, EXECUTIVE, 
TYPICAL TRINITIES IN REDEMPTION. 

The types of Christ and of the Christian Dispensation, 
through all the previous dispensations, are so obvious as to 
require no argument to prove them such. Their great utility 
is to illustrate the Antitype, for which purpose they were 
expressly given. Nothing in heaven or in earth can possibly 
be as interesting and profitable to the mind, heart and soul 
of an immortal being, as the study and contemplation of the 
scheme of his redemption; and the great, and astounding, 
and miraculous events which have transpired, in view of 
this, to engage his attention, to enlighten his understanding, 
to elevate his sentiments and feelings, to improve his heart, 
and sanctify his spirit. 

We hold it to be impossible for any one of a common 
understanding and sensibility of nature, to read and contem- 
plate the various types and typical Trinities which will be 
given in the following chapters of this work, and not under- 
stand to his perfect satisfaction, the doctrines of the Trinities, 
and the scheme of his redemption as revealed in the Sacred 
Scriptures, and at the same time have his mind greatly 
enlightened by the contemplation of the many historic facts 
which will be brought to view in the illustrations, and his 
heart and nature sanctified by the Spirit of grace that burns 
in every line of Sacred Writ; for we hold the important 
truth, "that the means are connected with the end." 

We now enter upon the exposition of the Trinities from 
the types of Christ 



ADAM A TYPE OF CHRIST. 53 

The Son being the middle person in the Compound. Execu- 
tive Trinity in Redemption, and a compound of Divinity and 
humanity ; it follows of course, that each and every living 
type of Christ partakes more or less of the same respective 
natures : hence, every type of Christ is a middle Person, in a 
Compound Executive Typical Trinity, in Redemption. These 
types and Typical Trinities, respectively, all illustrate the na- 
ture and operations of the Compound Executive Trinity to 
which they refer. 

The mode of illustration which we shall adopt will be as 
follows, to-wit : In the commencement of the Administration 
of each type, an exposition will given, 1st. Of his creation 
and inauguration, by the Spiritual Trinity in Creation and 
Legislation ; and, 2nd. Show the organization of the Com- 
pound Executive Typical Trinity in Redemption, and its ope- 
rations throughout that respective Administration. To do 
this more effectually, we shall select for illustration, one sec- 
tion of the Scriptures, which contains in it a Compound Ex- 
ecutive Typical Trinity, in Redemption ; and place in juxta- 
position to it, a section in the New Testament which contains 
in it a Compound Executive Trinity, in Redemption, and to 
which the first points, and which it illustrates. These two 
sections of Scripture, the first from the Old Testament, and 
the second from the New Testament, and Antitypical ; we 
shall denominate a brace of two sections, the one illustrating 
the other, and each giving the other additional importance 
and interest. The reader then will always bear in mind, 
that in each section, respectively, he is reading the operations 
of a Trinity ; in the first section of the Brace, a Typical, and 
in the second section, its Antitypical or substantive. 

The selections thus made will always be from the most in- 
teresting portions of the Scriptures ; and while they will be 
as doctrines, and historic facts highly interesting in them- 
selves, will become doubly so from this connection, and pre- 
sent to the mind a fund of knowledge of the most important 
and interesting character, of which it is capable of conceiv- 
ing- He will be filled with wonder and admiration at the 
wisdom, power and goodness of God, who in the Dispensa- 



54 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

tions of his Providence and Grace, has so ruled in the armies 
of heaven and presided over the destinies of the world, as to 
bring to pass events, many of them in minute detail, which 
were foretold by prophets thousands of years before ; and all 
to subserve his grand designs in our Redemption. In read- 
ing this we shall often be constrained to exclaim with the 
Apostle, " the depth of the riches, both of the wisdom and 
knowledge of God ; how unsearchable are his judgments, 
and his ways past finding out!" 

" Thy ways, God, are in the sea, 

Thy paths I cannot trace ; 
Behind a frowning Providence, 

Thou hid'st a smiling face. 
Deep in unfathomable mines 

Of never failing skill, 
He treasures up his bright designs, 

And works his sovereign will." 
The first covenant between God and the human family, 
was that in Eden, before the fall, in these words : And the 
Lord God commanded the man, saying, Of every tree of the 
garden thou may est freely eat : But of the tree of knowledge 
of good and evil, thou shhlt not eat of it ; for in the day thou 
eatest thereof, thou shalt surely die. Gen. 2: 16, 17. 

Here we see the Spiritual Trinity, in Legislation, ordaining 
and commanding, And the Lord God commanded the man. 
The Spiritual Trinity here, as always, are the Father, the 
Word, and the Holy Ghost, for let it always be borne in mind 
that the Father always Speaks through the Spirit. This 
covenant on the part of the Father, is of a moral character, 
and on the part of the Father has for its reason the right of 
creation and preservation, and on the part of Adam his moral 
obligation to obedience in consideration of his creation and 
preservation. The forbidden fruit was the test of his obe- 
dience, his wife and himself violated the covenant and in- 
curred the penalty of death. The excuse given by Adam 
and Eve for their violation of the covenant, was as follows : 
" And they heard the voice of the Lord God, walking in 
the garden in the cool of the clay, and Adam and his wife 
hid themselves from the presence of the Lord God, amongst 



ADAM A TYPE OF CHRIST. 55 

the trees of the garden. And the Lord God called unto 
Adam, and said unto him, Where art thou ? And he said, I 
heard thy voice in the garden, and was afraid, because I was 
naked, and I hid myself. And he Said, Who told thee that 
thou wast naked ? Hast thou eaten of the tree whereof I 
commanded thee that thou shouldst not eat? And the man 
said, The woman whom thou gavest to be with me, she gave 
me of the tree and I did eat. And the Lord God Said unto 
the woman, What is this that thou hast done? And the 
woman said, The serpent beguiled me, and I did eat. And 
the Lord God Said unto the serpent, Because thou hast done 
this, thou art cursed above all cattle, and above every beast 
of the field, upon thy belly shalt thou go, and dust shalt thou 
eat all the days of thy life. And I will put enmity between 
thee and the woman, and between thy seed and her Seed, it 
shall bruise thy head, and thou shalt bruise his heel." 

Here we first find the Covenant in Redemption. And the 
Lord God Said, Here is the Father, the Word, and the Holy 
Ghost, as before, Legislating a Covenant. I will put enmity 
between thy seed and her Seed. He, or it, shall bruise thy 
head, and thou shalt bruise his heel. The bruising of the 
heel which the serpent is here permitted to inflict on Adam 
and Eve is comprehended in these words, to-wit : " I will 
greatly multiply thy sorrow and thy conception, in sorrow 
shalt thou bring forth children, and thy desire shall be to 
thy husband, and he shall rule over thee. And to Adam he 
Said, because thou hast hearkened to the voice of thy wife, 
and hast eaten of the tree, of which I commanded thee, say- 
ing, Thou shalt not eat of it, cursed is the ground for thy 
sake, in sorrow shalt thou eat of it all the days of thy life, 
Thorns also, and thistles, shall it bring forth to thee, and 
thou shalt eat the herb of the field. In the sweat of thy face 
shalt thou eat bread, till thou return unto the ground, for 
out of it wast thou taken, for dust thou art, and unto dust 
shalt thou return." Also the bruising of his heel points to 
the crucifiction of the Son of man, who, in the language of 
the prophet, Was wounded for our transgressions, he was 
bruised for our iniquities, the chastisement of our peace was up- 






56 EXPOSITION OP THE TRINITIES. 

on him, and with his stripes we are healed. Isaiah 53 : 5. 
Here was the Sacrifice promised that ratified the Covenant, 
and purchased our peace. By the bruising of the serpent's 
head, we understand the victory the Seed of the woman won 
over the temporal and spiritual deaths, which were the effects 
of the violation of the first Covenant ; when He, the Seed, 
rose from the dead, and " led captivity captive, and received 
gifts for men." And also to the " casting out of that old ser- 
pent, called the devil and s&tan, which deceiveth the whole world, 
he was cast out into the earth, and his angels were cast out 
with him. Rev. 12: 9. 

In Adam we find a prominent type of the Son of God. 
First, in his creation and dominion. Let the Scriptures 
Speak : 

Historian : And God Said* Let us make man in our image, 
after our likeness : and let them have dominion over the fish 
of the sea, and over the fowl of the air, and over the cattle, 
and over all the earth, and over every creeping thing that 
creepeth upon the earth. So God created man in his own 
image, in the image of God created he him ; male and fe- 
male created he them. And God blessed them, and God 
said unto them, Be fruitful, and multiply, and replenish the 
earth, and subdue it : and have dominion over the fish of the 
sea, and over the fowl of the air, and over every living thing 
that moveth upon the earth. Gen. 1: 26 — 28. 

Evangelist : Now the birth of Jesus Christ was on this 
wise : When as his mother Mary was espoused to Joseph, 
before they came together, she was found with child of the 
Holy Ghost. Then Joseph her husband, being a just man, 
and not willing to make her a public example, was minded 
to put her away privily, But while he thought on these 
things, behold the angel of the Lord appeared unto him in a 
dream, saying, Joseph, thou son of David, fear not to take unto 
thee Mary thy wife : for that which is conceived in her is of the 
Holy Ghost. And she shall bring forth a Son, and thou shalt 



* Adam was created the same way that Job says he was, to-wit : The 
Spirit of God hath made me, and the Breath of the Almighty hath given 
me life. Job 33 : 4. 



ADAM A TYPE OF CHRIST. 57 

call his name JESUS : for he shall save his people from their 
sins. Now all this was done, that it might be fulfilled which 
was Spoken of the Lord by the prophet, saying, Behold, a 
virgin shall be with child, and shall bring forth a Son, and 
they shall call his name Emmanuel, which being interpreted 
is, God with us. Then Joseph, being raised from sleep, did 
as the angel of the Lord had bidden him, and took unto him 
his wife : And knew her not till she had brought forth her 
first-born Son : and he called his name Jesus. Mat. 1: 18-25. 
The Apostle, speaking of Christ's kingdom, saith, That the 
God of our Lord Jesus Christ, the Father of glory, may give 
unto you the spirit of wisdom and revelation in the know- 
ledge of him : The eyes of your understanding being enlight- 
ened ; that ye may know what is the hope of his calling, and 
what the riches of the glory of his inheritance in the saints, 
And what is the exceeding greatness of his power to us-ward 
who believe, according to the working of his mighty power, 
Which he wrought in Christ, when he raised him from the 
dead, and set him at his own right hand in the heavenly 
places, Far above all principality, and power, and might, 
and dominion, and every name that is named, not only in this 
world, but also in that which is to come : And hath put all 
things under his feet, and gave him to be the head over all 
things to the Church, Which is his body, the fulness of him 
that filleth all in all. Eph. 1: 17—23. 



CHAPTER II. 



THE MEDIATORIAL CHARACTER OF ADAM, COLLATED WITH 
HIS ANTITYPE, THE LORD JESUS CHRIST. 

After the creation of Adam and Eve, and the dominion of 
the world under God being given to Adam, after his fall and 



58 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

restoration by the promise of the Seed-, himself and wife 
were driven out of Paradise to till the earth and propagate 
their species; and thus Adam assumes the position and office 
of mediator between the Father and the world, as a type of 
the Mediatorial position and office of his great Antitype, the 
Lord Jesus Christ. 

Let us collate some of the passages of Scripture in refer- 
ence to this analogy. Thus saith the historian: And Adam 
called his wife's name Eve, because she was the mother of 
all living. Unto Adam also and to his wife did the Lord 
God make coats of skins, and clothed them. And the Lord 
God Said, Behold, the man has become as one of us, to know 
good and evil; and now, lest he put forth his hand, and take 
also of the tree of life, and eat, and live forever: therefore 
the Lord God sent him forth from the garden of Eden, to 
till the grond from whence he was taken. So. he drove out 
the man : and he placed at the east of the garden of Eden 
cherubims, and a flaming sword which turned every way, to 
keep the way of the tree of life. Gen. 3: 20 — 24. And 
Adam knew his wife ; and she conceived, and bare Cain, and 
said, I have gotten a man from the Lord. And she again 
bare his brother Abel : and Abel was a keeper of sheep, but 
Cain was a tiller of the ground. Gen. 4: 1,2. 

The Evangelist, speaking of Messiah, says, For God so 
loved the world, that he gave his only begotten Son, that 
whosoever believeth in him, should not perish, but have ever- 
lasting life. For God sent not his Son into the world to 
condemn the world, but that the world through him might 
be saved.' John 3: 16, 17. 

The Prophet, speaking of Christ's robes of righteousness, 
saith, For your shame ye shall have double ; and for confu- 
sion they shall rejoice in their portion : therefore in their 
land they shall possess the double : everlasting joy shall be 
unto them. For I the Lord love judgment, I hate robbery 
for burnt offering ; and I direct their work in truth, and I 
will make an everlasting Covenant with them. And their 
seed shall be known among the Gentiles, and their offspring 
among the people : all that see them shall acknowledge them, 



ADAM A TYPE OF CHRIST. 59 

that they are the seed which the Lord hath blessed. I will 
greatly rejoice in the Lord, my soul shall be joyful in my 
God ; for he hath clothed me with the garments of salvation, 
he hath covered me with the robe of righteousness, as a bride- 
groom decketh himself with ornaments, and as a bride 
adorneth herself with her jewels. For as the earth bringeth 
forth her bud, and as the garden causeth the things that are 
sown in it to spring forth ; so the Lord God will cause right- 
eousness and praise to spring forth before all the nations. — 
Isaiah 61: 7—11. 

Adam in fulfilling the designs of God, in propagating his 
species and tilling the earth, acted as the executor of his 
Father's will. So of Christ it is written : Wherefore, when 
he cometh into the world, he Saith, Sacrifice and offering 
thou wouldest not, but a body hast thou prepared me : in 
burnt-offerings and sacrifices for sin thou hast had no pleas- 
ure. Then said I, Lo, I come, (in the volume of the book it 
is written of me) to do thy will, God. Heb. 10: 5 — 7. 

Adam is now the mediator in the Compound, Executive, 
Typical Trinity in Redemption; and the persons in the Trinity 
stand thus : the Father, Adam, and the Holy Ghost; the 
Holy Ghost being imparted to Adam, and through Adam in 
the prosecution and fulfillment of the purposes of the Father. 

In the above collation of the type with the Antitype, and 
the Typical with the Antitypical Trinities and their opera- 
tions, we discover a marked coincidence. In the next im- 
portant typical transaction, the Trinity is transferred under 
God to Adam, Abel, and Enoch; Adam representing the 
Father, Abel the Son, and Enoch the Holy Ghost. 

Historian : And in process of time it came to pass, that 
Cain brought of the fruit of the ground an offering unto the 
Lord. And Abel, he also brought of the firstlings of his flock, 
and of the fat thereof. And the Lord had respect unto Abel, 
and to his offering : but unto Cain, and to his offering, he 
had not respect : and Cain was very wroth, and his counte- 
nance fell. And the Lord Said unto Cain, Why art thou 
wroth ? and why is thy countenance fallen ? If thou doest 
well, shalt not thou be accepted ? and if thou doest not well, 



60 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

sin lieth at the door : and unto thee shall be his desire, and 
thou shalt rule over him. And Cain talked with Abel his 
brother : and it came to pass when they were in the field, 
that Cain rose up against Abel his brother, and slew him. — 
Gen. 4: 3—8. 

Here the offerings of Abel had a two-fold meaning : first, 
The firstlings of his flock pointed to offerings and sacrifices of 
the firstlings of the flocks offered in sacrifices under the Old 
Dispensation : and secondly, The slaughter of himself by 
his wicked brother Cain, pointed to the slain body of the 
Son of God by his wicked brethren, the Jews, as an offering 
and a sacrifice to the Father for the sin of the world. The 
Holy Ghost, by virtue of the sacrifice to which these pointed, 
came through them to Enoch, the son of the wicked Cain, 
renewed him in the spirit of his mind and heart, and consti- 
tuted him a righteous man, who represented the Holy Ghost 
in this Compound Trinity ; who walked with God, and was 
not, for God took him. 

This Typical, Compound, Executive Trinity in Redemption 
under God of Adam, of Abel, and of Enoch, was analogous 
to the Typical, Compound, Executive Trinity in Redemption, 
composed of Abraham, of Isaac, and' of Jacob, And both 
Trinities and their operations, point directly to the Antityp- 
ical, Compound, Executive Trinity in Redemption, composed 
of the Father, the Son, and the Holy Ghost, 

Apostle : Ye men of Israel, hear these words : Jesus of 
Nazareth, a man approved of God among you by miracles, 
and wonders, and signs, which God did by him in the midst 
of you, as ye yourselves also know : him, being delivered by 
the determinate counsel and foreknowledge of God, ye have 
taken, and by wicked hands have crucified and slain : whom 
God hath raised up, having loosed the pains of death : 
because it was not possible he should be holden of it. For 
David speaketh concerning him, I foresaw the Lord always 
before my face : for he is on my right hand, that I should 
not be moved : therefore did my heart rejoice, and my tongue 
was glad ; moreover also, my flesh shall rest in hope : because 
thou wilt not leave my soul in hell, neither wilt thou suffer 



ADAM A TYPE OF CHRIST. 61 



thine Holy One to see corruption. Thou hast made known 
to me the ways of life ; thou shalt make me full of joy with 
thy countenance. Men and brethren, let me freely speak 
unto you of the patriarch David, that he is both dead and 
buried, and his sepulchre is with us unto this day. There- 
fore being a prophet, and knowing that God had sworn with 
an Oath to him, that of the fruit of his loins, according to 
the flesh, he would raise up Christ to sit on his throne ; he 
seeing this before, spake of the resurrection of Christ, that 
his soul was not left in hell, neither his flesh did see corrup- 
tion. This Jesus hath God raised up, whereof we all are 
witnesses. Therefore being by the right hand of God exalted, 
and having received of the Father the promise of the Holy 
Ghost, he hath shed forth this, which ye now see and hear. 
For David is not ascended into the heavens, but he saith 
himself, The Lord Said unto my Lord, Sit thou on my right 
hand, until I make thy foes thy footstool. Therefore let all 
the house of Israel know assuredly, that God hath made that 
same Jesus whom ye have crucified, both Lord and Christ. 
Acts 2: 22—36. 

The analogy between the first and second Adam and their 
respective posterities : 

Historian : This is the book of the generations of Adam : 
In the day that God created man, in the likeness of God 
made he him: male and female created he them; and blessed 
them, and called their name Adam, in the day when they 
were created. And Adam lived an hundred and thirty years, 
and begat a^ son in his own likeness, after his image; and 
called his name Seth: and the days of Adam after he had 
begotten Seth were eight hundred years: and he begat sons 
and daughters: and all the days that Adam lived were nine 
hundred and thirty years: and he died. Gen. 5: 1 — 5. 

In speaking of Christ's seed, the prophet says, Yet it 
pleased the Lord to bruise him ; he hath put him to grief: 
when thou shalt make his soul an offering for sin, he shall 
see his seed, he shall prolong his days, and the pleas- 
ure of the Lord shall prosper in his hand. He shall 
see of the travail of his soul, and be satisfied: by his knowl- 



62 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

edge shall my righteous servant justify many; for he shall 
bear their iniquities. Therefore will I divide him a portion 
with the great, and he shall divide the spoil with the strong; 
because he hath poured out his soul unto death: and he was 
numbered with the transgressors; and he bare the sin of 
many, and made intercession for the transgressors. Isaiah 
53: 10—12. 
Prophet: But now thus Saith the Lord that created thee, 

Jacob, and he that formed thee, Israel, Fear not: for I 
have redeemed thee, I have called thee by thy name; thou 
art mine. When thou passest through the waters, I will be 
with thee ; and through the rivers, they shall not overflow 
thee: when thou walkest through the fire, thou shalt not be 
burned; neither shall the flame kindle upon thee. For I am 
the Lord thy God, the Holy One of Israel, thy Savior: I 
gave Egypt for thy ransom, Ethiopia and Seba for thee. — 
Since thou wast precious in my sight, thou hast been honora- 
ble, and I have loved thee: therefore will I give men for 
thee, and people for thy life. Fear not; I am with thee: I 
will bring thy seed from the east, and gather thee from the 
west. I will say to the north, Give up; and to the south, 
Keep not back: bring my sons from far, and my daughters 
from the ends of the earth; even every one that is called by 
my name: for I have created him for my glory, I have formed 
him; yea, I have made him. Isaiah 43: 1 — 7. 

The evangelist in the closing scene: And after these things 

1 saw four angels standing on the four corners of the earth, 
holding the four winds of the earth, that the -wind should 
not blow on the earth, nor on the sea, nor on any tree. And 
I saw another angel ascending from the east, having the seal 
of the living God: and he cried with a loud voice to the 
four angels, to whom it was given to hurt the earth and the 
sea, saying, Hurt not the earth, neither the sea, nor the trees, 
till we have sealed the servants of our God in their fore- 
heads. And I heard the number of them which were sealed: 
and there were sealed an hundred and forty and four thousand 
of all the tribes of the children of Israel. Rev. 7: 1—4. 
After this I beheld, and lo, a great multitude, which no man 



ADAM A TYPE OF CHRIST. 63 

could number, of all nations, and kindreds, and people, and 
tongues, stood before the throne, and before the Lamb, clothed 
with white robes, and palms in their hands; and cried with 
a loud voice, saying, Salvation to our God which sitteth upon 
the throne, and unto the Lamb. And all the angels stood 
round about the throne, and about the elders and the four 
beasts, and fell before the throne on their faces, and worship- 
ped God, Saying, Amen: Blessing, and glory, and wisdom, 
and honor, and power, and might, be unto our God for ever 
and ever. Amen. Rev. 7: 9 — 12. 

Of all the types of the Old Testament given of Christ, 
Adam, our federal head and representative, is the most illus- 
trious and expsessive. 

There are characteristics of his nature and life peculiar to 
himself. 1. He is the only man that has ever lived in our 
world, who was not born of a woman. 2. He is the only 
man that ever was made after God's own image of righteous- 
ness and true holiness, except our Savior. 3. He is* the only 
man, except our Savior, to whom was given the entire 
dominion of the world. He was invested by his Creator, 
but under him, with the sovereignty of the whole earth, his 
dominion extended from sea to sea, and from the river 
to the ends of the earth. Standing upon the mountains 
of his nativity, on the boundaries of time, he looked back 
into the vast abyss of eternity where time commenced, and 
could see naught in the boundless space where all his thoughts 
were drowned: he looked forward upon the new creation in 
the far distant blue, and what wonders and beauties rose 
before his enraptured vision ! The towering mountains 
in the distance, fresh from the hands of the great Creator, 
clothed with all the beauty and grandeur in the gift of God; 
down their gentle slopes, decked with the brilliant hues of 
untarnished nature, ran and leaped the silver streams of 
Paradise; along the distant vales and fruitful meadows they 
continued to roll in brilliancy and majesty, refreshing and 
delighting the lawns through which they passed, until their 
sportive glee was lost in the distance. Meantime, the bleat- 
ing flocks and lowing herds gave additional interest to the 



64 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

charm, and paid hiin their homage; the bounding roes leaped 
before him to attest the skill of their Maker; the lion's paw 
dared not molest him; and throughout the vast expanse of 
his vision, and all that was beyond, there was none to dispute 
his claim, or come in competition for inheritance. By Divine 
right he exclaimed, All is mine. Eve was by his side to pay him 
homage, and to extol the wonders and beauties of creation, 
of which she was the queen and the beauty, and complimented 
herself as the bride of his youth, the ally of his vast posses- 
sions, the offspring of himself, and the participator of his 
jojs. 

In ecstacies of pure delight. 
She danced around her lord, 

And charmed his eyes with beauties bright, 
And listened for his word. 



CHAPTER III. 



OF NOAH, AND THE NOAHIC COVENANT, TYPICAL OF CHRIST, 
AND THE NEW COVENANT. 

As the human family multiplied on the earth, men became 
exceedingly wicked, so much so that God determined to de- 
stroy the inhabitants of the earth, and its first organization 
by a flood. Thus he covenanted with Noah and his house- 
hold, who, it would seem, were about the only righteous per- 
sons to be found upon the earth, to build an Ark for the sav- 
ing of himself and house. 

Historian : And God Said unto Noah, The end of all flesh 
is come before me ; for the earth is filled with violence 
through them: and behold, I will destroy them with the 
earth. Make thee an ark of gopher-wood ; rooms shalt thou 
make in the ark, and shalt pitch it within and without with 
pitch. And this is the fashion which thou shalt make it of : 



NOAH A TYPE OF CHRIST. 65 

The length of the ark shall be three hundred cubits, the 
breadth of it fifty cubits, and the height of it thirty cubits. 
A window shalt thou make to the ark, and in a cubit shalt 
thou finish it above ; and the door of the ark shalt thou set 
in the side thereof ; with lower, second, and third stories 
shalt thou make it. And behold, I, even I, do bring a flood 
of waters upon the earth, to destroy all flesh, wherein is the 
breath of life, from under heaven : and every thing that is in 
the earth shall die. But with thee will I establish my cove- 
nant : and thou shalt come into the ark, thou and thy sons, 
and thy wife, and thy sons 7 wives with thee. And of every 
living thing of all flesh, two of every sort shalt thou bring 
into the ark, to keep them alive with thee : they shall be 
male and female. Of fowls after their kind, and of cattle af- 
ter their kind, of every creeping thing of the earth after his 
kind ; two of every sort shall come unto thee, to keep them 
alive. And take unto thee of all food that is eaten, and thou 
shalt gather it to thee ; and it shall be for food for thee, and 
for them. Thus did Noah ; according to all that God com- 
manded him, so did he. Gen. 6: 13 — 22. 

In this Covenant between God and Noah, we discover a 
two-fold Trinity. First, the Spiritual Trinity in Creation 
and Legislation, in these words, " And God Said unto Noah.' 7 
Here is the Father, the Word, and the Holy Ghost, through 
which the Father always speaks, — the Word comes from the 
Father, through the Spirit to Noah. The Spirit comes with 
the Word, and through the Word, to Noah, and is the assisting 
Agent in the execution of the work of the ark. This is the 
mode of operation, in each and every ease, of the Spiritual 
Trinity, either in the act of Creation or Legislation. 

Noah is now made the middle Person, in the Compound 
Executive, Typical Trinity, in Redemption, to execute the 
Will of the Father, as expressed in the instructions to Noah,. 
relative to the building of the ark, the bringing in of his 
household, and of pairs of all living creatures. 

The Typical Trinity, now stands thus : The Father, Noah, 
and the Holy Ghost, and in its operations illustrates the Anii- 
typical Trinity, of the Father, the Son, and the Holy Ghost, as- 
5 



66 EXPOSITION OP THE TRINITIES. 

will be clearly shown in its operations which follow. " Thus 
did Noah, according to all that God commanded him." And 
thus did the Son, according to the commandments of the 
Father. Let the Scriptures now speak for themselves, and 
let the reader ever bear in mind that he is reading the opera- 
tions of a Trinity, and the coincidences between the Typical 
and Antitypical Trinities in Redemption, 

Historian : And the Lord Said unto Noah, Come thou and 
all thy house into the ark : for thee have I seen righteous be- 
fore me in this generation. Of every clean beast thou shalt 
take to thee by sevens, the male and his female : and of beasts 
that are not clean by two, the male and his female. Of fowls 
also of the air by sevens, the male and the female ; to keep 
seed alive upon the face of all the earth. For yet seven 
days, and I will cause it to rain upon the earth forty days 
and forty nights : and every living substance that I have 
made will I destroy from off the face of the earth. And 
Noah did according unto all that the Lord commanded him. 

Evangelist : But of that day and hour knoweth no man, 
no, not the angels of heaven, but my Father, only. But as 
the days of Noe were, so shall also the coming of the Son of 
man be. For as in the days that were before the flood, they 
were eating and drinking, marrying and giving in marriage, 
until the day that Noe entered into the ark, And knew not 
until the flood came, and took them all away : so shall also 
the coming of the Son of man be. Then shall two be in the 
field ; the one shall be taken, and the other left. Two wo- 
men shall be grinding at the mill ; the one shall be taken, 
and the other left. Watch therefore : for ye know not what 
hour your Lord doth come. Mat. 24: 36 — 42. 

Historian : And the flood was forty days upon the earth : 
and the waters increased, and bare up the ark, and it was 
lift up above the earth. And the waters prevailed, and were 
increased greatly upon the earth : and the ark went upon the 
face of the waters. And the waters prevailed exceedingly 
upon the earth : and all the high hills that were under the 
whole heaven were covered. Fifteen cubits upward did the 
waters prevail : and the mountains were covered. And all 



NOAH A TYPE OF CHRIST. 67 

flesh died that moved upon the earth, both of fowl, and of 
cattle, and of beast, and of every creeping thing that creep- 
eth upon the earth, and every man : All in whose nostrils 
was the breath of life, of all that was in the dry land, died. 
And every living substance was destroyed which was* upon 
the face of the ground, both man, and cattle, and the creeping 
things, and the fowl of the heaven ; and they were destroyed 
from the earth ; and Noah only remained alive, and they that 
were with him in the ark. And the waters prevailed upon 
him an hundred and fifty days. Gen. 7: 17 — 24. 

Apostle : And saying, Where is the promise of his com- 
ing ? for since the fathers fell asleep, all things continue as 
they were from the beginning of the creation. For this they 
willingly are ignorant of, that by the Word of God the heav- 
ens were of old, and the earth standing out of the water and 
in the water : Whereby the world that then was, being over- 
flowed with water, perished : But the heavens and the earth; 
which are now, by the same Word are kept in store, reserved 
unto fire against the day of judgement and perdition of ungod- 
ly men. But, beloved, be not ignorant of this one thing, that 
one day is with the Lord as a thousand years, and a thousand 
years as one day. The Lord is not slack concerning his 
promise, as some men count slackness ; but is long-suffering 
to us-ward, not willing that any should perish, but that all 
should come to repentance. But the day of the Lord will 
come as a thief in the night ; in the which the heavens shall 
pass away with a great noise, and the elements shall melt with 
fervent heat, the earth also and the works that are therein 
shall be burned up. Seeing then that all these things shall be 
dissolved, what manner of persons ought ye to be in all holy 
conversation and godliness, Looking for and hasting unto 
the coming of the day of God, wherein the heavens being on 
fire shall be dissolved, and the elements shall melt with fer- 
vent heat ? Nevertheless we, according to his promise, look 
for new heavens and a new earth, wherein dwelleth right- 
eousness. Wherefore, beloved, seeing that ye look for such 
things, be diligent that ye may be found of him in peace, 
without spot, and blameless. And account that the long-suf- 



68 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

fering of our Lord is salvation : even as our beloved brother 
Paul also, according to the wisdom given unto him, hath 
written unto you: as also in all his epistles, speaking in them 
of these things; in which are some things hard to be under- 
stood, which they that are unlearned and unstable wrest, as 
they do also the other scriptures, unto their own destruction. 
Ye therefore, beloved, seeing ye know these things before, 
beware lest ye also, being led away with the error of the 
wicked, fall from your own steadfastness. But grow in 
grace, and in the knowledge of our Lord and Saviour Jesus 
Christ. To him be glory both now and forever. Amen. 
2 Peter 3: 4—18. 

Historian : And God remembered Noah, and every liv- 
ing; thins:, and all the cattle that was with him in the ark : 
and God made a wind to pass over the earth, and the waters 
assuaged. The fountains also of the deep, and the windows 
of heaven were stopped, and the rain from heaven was re- 
strained. And the waters returned from off the earth con- 
tinually : and after the end of the hundred and fifty days the 
waters were abated. And the ark rested in the seventh 
month, on the seventeenth day of the month, upon the moun- 
tains of Ararat. And the waters decreased continually, until 
the tenth month : in the tenth month, on the first day of the 
month, were the tops of the mountains seen. Gen. 8: 1 — 5. 

Apostle : But without faith it is impossible to please him : 
for he that cometh to God must believe that he is, and that 
he is a rewarder of them that diligently seek him. By faith 
JVoah, being warned of God of things not seen as yet, moved 
with fear, prepared an ark to the saving of his house ; by the 
which he condemned the world, and became heir of the right- 
eousness which is by faith. Heb. 11: 6, 7. 

Historian : And it came to pass at the end of forty days, 
that Noah opened the window of the ark which he had made : 
And he sent forth a raven, which went forth to and fro, until 
the waters were dried up from off the earth. Also he sent 
forth a dove from him, to see if the waters were abated from 
off the face of the ground. But the dove found no rest for 
the sole of her foot, and she returned unto him into the ark : 






NOAH A TYPE OF CHRIST. 69 

for the waters were on the face of the whole earth. Then 
he put forth his hand and took her, and pulled her in unto 
him into the ark. And he stayed yet other seven days ; and 
again he sent forth the dove out of the ark. And the dove 
came in to him in the evening, and lo, in her mouth was an 
olive-leaf pluck't off. So Noah knew that the waters were 
abated from off the earth. And he stayed yet other seven 
days, and sent forth the dove ; which returned not again 
unto him any more. Gen. 8: 6 — 12. 

Evangelist : At that time Jesus answered and Said, I 
thank thee, Father, Lord of heaven and earth, because 
thou hast hid these these things from the wise and prudent, 
and hast revealed them unto babes. Even so Father, for so it 
seemed good in thy sight. All things are delivered unto me 
of my Father; and no man knoweth the Son, but the Father; 
neither knoweth any man the Father, save the Son, and he 
to whomsoever the Son will reveal him. Come unto me, all 
ye that labor, and are heavy laden, and I will give you rest. 
Take my yoke upon you, and learn of me: for I am meek 
and lowly in heart: and ye shall find rest unto your souls. — 
For my yoke is easy, and my burden is light. Mat. 11: 
25—30. 

Historian: And God Spake unto Noah, Saying, Go forth 
of the ark, thou, and thy wife, and thy sons, and thy sons' 
wives with thee. Bring forth with thee every living thing 
that is with thee, of all flesh, both of fowl, and of cattle, 
and of every creeping thing that creepeth upon the earth; 
that they may breed abundantly in the earth, and be fruitful, 
and multiply upon the earth. And Noah went forth, and 
his sons, and his wife, and his sons' wives with him: every 
beast, every creeping thing, and every fowl, and whatsoever 
creepeth upon the earth, after their kinds, went forth out of 
the ark. Gen. 8: 15—19. 

Our Savior: I pray for them: I pray not for the world, 
but for them which thou hast given me; for they are thine. 
And all mine are thine, and. thine are mine; and I am glori- 
fied in them. And now I am no more in the world, but 
these are in the world, and I come to thee. Holv Father, 



70 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

keep through thine own name those whom thou hast given 
me. that thej may be one as we are. While I was with them 
in the world, I kept them in thy name: those that thou gavest 
me I have kept, and none of them is lost, but the son of per- 
dition; that the scripture might be fulfilled. And now 
come I to thee, and these things I speak in the world, that 
they might have my joy fulfilled in themselves. I have given 
them thy Word; and the world hath hated them, because 
they are not of the world, even as I am not of the world. 
I pray not that thou shouldest take them out of the world, 
but that thou shouldest keep them from the evil. They are 
not of the world, even as I am not of the world. Sanctify 
them through thy truth: thy Word is truth. As thou hast 
sent me into the world, even so have I also sent them into the 
world. And for their sakes I sanctify myself, that they also 
might be sanctified by the truth. Neither pray I for these 
alone; but for them also which shall believe on me through 
their word. John 17: 9—20. 

God having made a Covenant with Noah, and through him 
as a type of Christ to the world, the covenant remains to be 
ratified by sacrifices, typical of the great Sacrifice which in 
due time was made on Calvary for the sin of the world; "for 
without shedding of blood there is no remission of sin." 

The history of this typical event runs thus: 

And Noah builded an altar unto the Lord, and took of 
every clean beast, and of every clean fowl, and offered burnt- 
offerings on the altar. And the Lord smelled a sweet savor; 
and the Lord Said in his heart, I will not again curse the 
ground any more for man's sake; for the imagination of 
man's heart is evil from his youth: neither will I again smite 
any more every thing living, as I have done. "While the 
earth remaineth, seed-time and harvest, and cold and heat, 
and summer and winter, and day and night, shall not cease. 
Gen. 8: 20—22. 

The Antitype — Evangelist: And Pilate answered, and 
said again unto them, What will ye then that I do unto him 
whom ye call King of the Jews? And they cried out again, 
Crucify him. Then Pilate said unto them, Why, what evil 



NOAH A TYPE OF CHRIST. 71 

hath he done ? And they cried out the more exceedingly, 
Crucify him. And so Pilate, willing to content the people, 
released Barabbas unto them, and delivered Jesus, when he 
had scourged him to be crucified. And the soldiers led him 
away into the hall, Pretorium; and they called together the 
whole band; and they clothed him with purple, and platted 
a crown of thorns and put it about his head, and began to 
salute him, Hail, King of the Jews! And they smote him 
on the head with a reed, and did spit upon him, and bowing 
their knees, worshipped him. And when they had mocked 
him, they took off the purple from him, and put his own 
clothes on him, and led him out to crucify him. And they 
compel one Simon a Cyrenian, who passed by, coming out of 
the country, the father of Alexander and Rufus, to bear his 
cross. And they bring him unto the place Golgotha, which 
is, being interpreted, The place of a skull. And they gave 
him to drink, wine mingled with myrrh: but he received it 
not. And when they had crucified him, they parted his 
garments, casting lots upon them, what every man should 
take. And it was the third hour, and they crucified him. — 
And the superscription of his accusation was written over, 
THE KING OF THE JEWS. Mark 15: 12—26. 

The Covenant being confirmed by the sacrifices that were 
offered, God proceeds to bless Noah and to instruct him in the 
conduct of his life, and to give him the dominion of the 
world and all things therein. 

Historian: And God blessed Noah and his sons, and Said 
unto them, be fruitful, and multiply, and replenish the earth. 
And the fear of you, and the dread of you, shall be upon 
every beast of the earth, and upon every fowl of the air, 
upon all that moveth upon the earth, and upon all the fishes 
of the sea; into your hand are they delivered. Every 
moving thing that liveth shall be meat for you; even as the 
green herb have I given you all things. But flesh with the 
life thereof, which is the blood thereof, shall ye not eat. And 
surely your blood of your lives will I require: at the hand 
of every beast will I require it, and at the hand of man; at 
the hand of every man's brother will I require- the life of 



72 EXPOSITION OP THE TRINITIES. 

man. Whoso sheddeth man's blood, by man shall his blood 
be shed: for in the image of God made he man. Gen. 9: 1 — 5. 

Antitype. Apostle: For we are laborers together with 
God: ye are God's husbandry, ye are God's building. Ac- 
cording to the grace of God which is given unto me, as a 
wise master-builder, I have laid the foundation, and another 
buildeth thereon. But let every man take heed how he 
buildeth thereupon. For other foundation can no man lay 
than that is laid, which is Jesus Christ. Now if any man 
build upon this foundation, gold, silver, precious stones, wood, 
hay, stubble; every man's work shall be made manifest: for 
the day shall declare it, because it shall be revealed by fire; 
and the fire shall try every man's work, of what sort it is. 
If any man's work abide which he hath built thereupon, 
he shall receive a reward. If any man's work shall be 
burned, he shall suffer loss: but he himself shall be saved; 
yet so as by fire. Know ye not that ye are the temple of 
God, and that the Spirit of God dwelleth in you ? If any 
man defile the temple of God, him shall God destroy: for 
the temple of God is holy, which temple ye are. Let no 
man deceive himself. If any man among you seemeth to be 
wise in this world, let him become a fool, that he may be wise. 
For the wisdom of this world is foolishness with God. For 
it is written, He taketh the wise in their own craftiness. 
And again, The Lord knoweth the thoughts of the wise, that 
they are vain. Therefore let no man glory in men: for all 
things are yours; whether Paul, or Apollos, or Cephas, or 
the world, or life, or death, or things present, or things to 
come; all are yours; and ye are Christ's; and Christ is God's. 
1 Cor. 3: 9—23. 

We come now to the closing scene of Noah's life, in which 
for certain indignities and offences, he pronounces a curse 
upon Ham; and for certain acts of obedience and respect, he 
through the Spirit, as a type of Christ, pronounces great 
blessings on Japheth and Shem. 

Historian: And the sons of Noah that went forth of the 
ark, were Shem, and Ham, and Japheth: and Ham is the 
father of Canaan. These are the three sons of Noah: and 



NOAH A TYPE OF CHRIST. 73 

of them was the whole earth overspread. And Noah began 
to be a husbandman, and he planted a vineyard: and he 
drank of the wine, and was drunken; and he was uncovered 
within his tent. And Ham, the father of Canaan, saw the 
nakedness of his father, and told his two brethren without. 
And Shem and Japheth took a garment, and laid it upon both 
their shoulders, and went backward, and covered the naked- 
ness of their father: and their faces were backward, and 
they saw not their father's nakedness. And Noah awoke 
from his wine, and knew what his younger son had done unto 
him. And he said, Cursed be Canaan; a servant of servants 
shall he be unto his brethren. And he said, Blessed be the 
Lord God of Shem; and Canaan shall be his servant. God 
shall enlarge Japheth, and he shall dwell in the tents of 
Shem; and Canaan shall be his servant. And Noah lived 
after the flood three hundred and fifty years. And all the days 
of Noah were nine hundred and fifty years: and he died. — 
Gen. 9: 18—29. 

Evangelist: But Jesus answered them, My Father worketh 
hitherto, and I work. Therefore the Jews sought the more 
to kill him, because he not only had broken the sabbath, but 
Said also, that God was his Father, making himtelf equal 
with God. Then answered Jesus, and Said unto them, "Ver- 
ily, verily, I Say unto you, The Son can do nothing of 
himself, but what he seeth the Father do: for what things 
soever he doeth, these also doeth the Son likewise. For the 
Father loveth the Son, and sheweth him all things that 
himself doeth: and he will shew him greater works than 
these, that ye may marvel. For as the Father raiseth up the 
dead, and quickeneth them; even so the Son quickeneth whom 
he will. For the Father judgeth no man; but hath commit- 
ted all judgment unto the Son: that all men should honor 
the Son, even as they honor the Father. He that honoreth 
not the Son, honoreth not the Father which hath sent him. 
Verily, verily, I Say unto you, He that heareth my Word, 
and believeth on him that sent me, hath everlasting life, and 
shall not come into condemnation; but is passed from death 
unto life. Verily, verily, I Say unto you, The hour is coming. 



74 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

and now is, when the dead shall hear the voice of the Son of 
God: and they that hear shall live. For as the Father hath 
life in himself, so hath he given to the Son to have life in 
himself; and hath given him authority to execute judgment 
also, because he is the Son of man. Marvel not at this: for 
the hour is coming, in the which all that are in their graves 
shall hear his voice, and shall come forth; they that have 
done good, unto the resurrection of life; and they that have 
done evil, to the resurrection of damnation. I can of mine 
own self do nothing: as 1 hear I judge: and my judgment is 
just; because I seek not mine own will, but the will of the 
Father which hath sent me. If I bear witness of myself, my 
witness is not true. John 5: 17 — 31. 

We have now passed through the life and history of Noah, 
who stands out prominent among the most remarkable and 
wonderful men of ancient or modern times. An inhabitant 
of both worlds he passed from the Old to the New upon the 
mighty flood that destroyed the human race, except the few 
saved in the ark, with all the beasts and fowls of the earth, 
with the same exception. The strength of his faith in God 
bore him triumphantly through all the perils and wonders of 
the age in which he lived, and procured for him the dignified 
appellation of a son of God, of "condemning a wicked world 
and becoming heir of the righteousness which is by faith. " 
Eiding secure and serene upon the mighty waves of the 
Deluge, he gave to the world a bright example of the Power 
of God to protect and save his followers from the deep 
waters of affliction, as well as the fiery trials of persecution, 
and will ever stand a monument and bright example to the 
world, that they who put their trust in the Lord shall never 
be brought to shame. 

In the last act recorded in his life, that of blessing Shem 
and Japheth, and pronouncing the curse of servitude on 
Ham and his posterity, we have Divine authority for holding 
the descendants of Ham in bondage. This race of people 
were the legitimatized servants to the Jews in their Dispen- 
sation, and will ever remain the legitimate servants to the 
descendants of Shem and Japheth. The original meaning of 



ABRAM A TYPE OF CHRIST. 75 

Ham is black, and no doubt this mark was put upon him with 
the curse, and a part of it, to distinguish them from the other 
races to the end of time. Such is the deep stain of the mark 
which commemorates the sin which occasioned it, that long 
experience has proved the impossibility of wiping it off, and 
the mention made in the Scriptures of the impossibility of 
changing the Ethiopian's skin, in connection with the deep 
stain of sin, is additional evidence of the unchangeable 
purpose of God in perpetuating this servitude to the end of 
the world. The color and the institution of Slavery of this 
particular race, are living and standing monuments of God's 
hatred to sin and every son of Ham to the end of the world, 
will point directly to the curse of Noah under Divine inspi- 
ration: "Cursed be Ham; (or Canaan) a servant of servants 
shall he be unto his brethren " of the Shemitic and Japhethic 
races. 

It is strange that so many people professing to believe the 
Scriptures of Divine inspiration, and consequently of Divine 
authority, inveigh against an institution thus Divinely or- 
dained, and heap reproaches upon a people for executing a 
Divine command. 



CHAPTER IV. 

OF THE ABRAHAMIC COVENANT, TYPICAL OF THE NEW COVENANT. 

Abram, who was the son of Terah, of Ur of the Chaldees, 
stands at the head of the Israelitish nation, whose event- 
ful character and relations of life have acquired an im- 
portance in ecclesiastical history, to which few others 
ever attained. Called of God to leave his native country 
for a distant and a strange one, he obeyed the call, and 
leaning on the arm of the Lord for protection, and his 



76 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

instructions for his Counsellor, he departed, " knowing not 
whither he went," and in the faith of the Covenant which 
the Lord made with him, and the promises which were given 
unto him, he acquired the appellation of Faithful Abraham, 
and has ever been held up, not only to his own nation, but 
to the Christian world as an illustrious example of disinter- 
ested piety and Christian heroism. 

It was about eighty years after the death of Noah that 
Abram was called, and became the Typical Mediator between 
God and man in his day. The points of similitude between 
Abram and Christ, and of the Typical and Antitypical, 
Compound, Executive Trinities in Redemption, will be colla- 
ted and made clear in his history. 

The call and Covenant of Abram is thus recorded: 

Historian: Now the Lord Said unto Abram, G-et thee out 
of thy country, and from thy kindred, and from thy father's 
house, unto a land that I will shew thee: and I will make thee a 
great nation, and I will blees thee, and make thy name great; 
and thou shaltbe a blessing: and I will bless them that bless 
thee, and curse him that curseth thee: and in thee shall all 
the families of the earth be blessed. So Abram departed, 
as the Lord had Spoken unto him, and Lot went with him: 
and Abram was seventy and five years old when he departed 
out of Haran. And Abram took Sarai his wife, and Lot his 
brother's son, and all their substance that they had gathered, 
and the souls that they had gotten in Haran; and they went 
forth to go into the land of Canaan; and into the land of 
Canaan they came. Gen. 12: 1 — 5. 

In this Covenant with Abram, as in all others between the 
Father and the human family, we discover a two- fold Trinity; 

1. The Spiritual Trinity in Creation and Legislation; and 

2. A Compound, Executive, Typical Trinity in Redemption. 
We find the first in these words: Now the Lord had Said 

unto Abram. Here are the three Persons operating; the 
Father, Speaking, and the Holy Ghost, through which the 
Father always Speaks. 

This Spiritual Trinity now Creates Abram, and constitutes 
him the Mediator between the Father and the world; and the 



ABEAM A TYPE OF CHRIST. 77 



instructions given Abram., the Mediator, are Legislative acts 
of the Father, and Abram is the Executive officer ordained 
and qualified to execute the Will of the Father. And this 
Compound, Typical, Executive Trinity stands thus: The 
Father, Abram, and the Holy Ghost; the Holy Ghost coming 
from the Father with the Word to Abram, and through Abram 
to the world. In every act of the Spiritual and Compound 
Trinities respectively, this is the mode of operation. 

Abram being now constituted a type of Christ, the analogy 
between the type and the Antitype, and of the typical and 
Antitypical Trinities immediately begins. The Scriptures 
therefore being their best interpreters, let them speak for 
themselves. 

Historian: And Abram took Sarai his wife, and Lot his 
brother's son, and all their substance that they had gathered, 
and the souls that they had gotten in Ham; and they went 
forth to go into the land of Canaan; and into the land of 
Canaan they came. And Abram passed through the land 
unto the place of Sichem, unto the plain of Moreh. And 
the Canaanite was then in the land. And the Lord appeared 
unto Abram, and Said, Unto thy seed will I give this land: 
and there builded he an altar unto the Lord, who appeared 
unto him. And he removed from thence unto a mountain on 
the east of Bethel, and pitched his tent, having Bethel on 
the west, and Hai on the east: and there he builded an altar 
unto the Lord, and called upon the name of the Lord. And 
Abram journeyed, going on still toward the south. Gen. 
12: 5—9. 

The altar here mentioned which Abram built at Moreh, 
where the Covenant was renewed, was for the purpose of 
sacrifice in confirmation of the Covenant, and which pointed 
to the sacrifice of Christ's humanity upon Calvary. The 
above is the commencement of the analogy between Abram 
and Christ. 

Antitype. Evangelist: Now when Jesus was born in 
Bethlehem of Juclea in the days of Herod the king, behold, 
there came wise men from the east to Jerusalem, saying, 
Where is he that is born King of the Jews? for we have 



EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 



seen his star in the east, and are come to worship him. When 
Herod the king heard these things, he was troubled, and all 
Jerusalem with him. And when he had gathered all the 
chief priests and scribes of the people together, he demanded 
of them where Christ should be born. And they said unto 
him, In Bethlehem of Judea: for thus it is written by the 
prophet, And thou Bethlehem, in the land of Juda, art not 
the least among the princes of Juda: for out of thee shall 
come a Governor, that shall rule my people Israel. Then 
Herod, when he had privily called the wise men, inquired of 
them diligently what time the star appeared. And he sent 
them to Bethlehem, and said, Go, and search diligently for 
the young child; and when ye have found him, bring me 
word again, that I may come and worship him also. When 
they had heard the king, they departed; and lo, the star, 
which they saw in the east, went before them, till it came 
and stood over where the young child was. When they saw 
the star, they rejoiced with exceeding great joy. And when 
they were come into the house, they saw the young child 
with Mary his mother, and fell down, and worshipped him: 
and when they had opened their treasures, they presented 
unto him gifts: gold, and frankincense, and myrrh. Mat. 2: 
1—11. 

Historian: And there was a famine in the land: and 
Abram went down into Egypt to sojourn there; for the famine 
was grievous in the land. And it came to pass, when he 
was come near to enter into Egypt, that he said unto Sarai 
his wife, Behold now, I know thou art a fair woman to look 
upon: therefore it shall come to pass, when the Egyptians 
shall see thee, that they shall say, This is his wife: and they 
will kill me, but they will save thee alive. Say, I pray thee, 
thou art my sister: that it may be well with me for thy sake; 
and my soul shall live because of thee. And it came to pass, 
that when Abram was come into Egypt, the Egyptians beheld 
the woman that she was very fair. The princes also of 
Pharaoh saw her, and commended her before Pharaoh: and 
the woman was taken into Pharaoh's house. And he entreat- 
ed Abram well for her sake: and he had sheep, and oxen. 



ABRAM A TYPE OF CHRIST. 79 

and he-asses, and men-servants, and maid-servants, and she- 
asses, and camels. And the Lord plagued Pharaoh, and his 
house with great plagues because of Sarai, Abram's wife. — 
And Pharaoh called Abram, and said, What is this that thou 
hast done unto me? why didst thou not tell me that she was 
thy wife ? Why saidst thou, She is my sister? so I might have 
taken her to me to wife: now therefore behold thy wife, take her, 
and go thy way. And Pharaoh commanded his men con- 
cerning him: and they sent him away, and his wife, and all 
that he had. Gen. 12: 10—20. 

Evangelist: And when they were departed, behold, the 
angel of the Lord appeareth to Joseph in a dream, saying. 
Arise, and take the young child and his mother, and flee into 
Egypt, and be thou there until I bring thee word: for Herod 
will seek the young child to destroy him. When he arose, 
he took the young child and his mother by night, and depart- 
ed into Egypt: and was there until the death of Herod: that 
it might be fulfilled which was Spoken of the Lord by the 
prophet, saying, Out of Egypt have I called my Son. Then 
Herod, when he saw that he was mocked of the wise men, 
was exceeding wroth, and sent forth, and slew all the children 
that were in Bethlehem, and in all the coasts thereof, from 
two years old and under, according to the time which he 
had diligently inquired of the wise men. Then was fulfilled 
that which was spoken by Jeremy the prophet, saying, In 
Rama was there a voice heard, lamentation, and weeping, 
and great mourning, Pachel weeping for her children, and 
would not be comforted, because they are not. Mat. 2: 
13—18. 

Historian: And Abram went up out of Egypt, and his 
wife, and all that he had, and Lot with him, into the south. 
And Abram was very rich in cattle, in silver, and in gold. 
And he went on his journeys from the south even to Bethel, 
unto the place where his tent had been at the beginning, 
between Bethel and Hai; unto the place of the altar, which 
he had made there at first: and there Abram called on the 
name of the Lord. Gen. 13: 1 — 4. 

Evangelist: But, when Herod was dead, behold, an angel 



80 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 



of the Lord appeareth in a dream to Joseph in Egypt, 
saying. Arise, and take the young child and his mother, and 
go into the land of Israel: for they are dead which sought 
the young child's life. And he arose, and took the young 
child and his mother, and came into the land of Israel. But 
when he heard that Archelaus did reign in Judea in the 
room of his father Herod, he was afraid to go thither: not- 
withstanding, being warned of God in a dream, he turned 
aside into the parts of Galilee: and he came and dwelt in the 
city called Nazareth: that it might be fulfilled which was 
spoken by the prophets, He shall be called a Nazarene. Mat. 
2: 19—23. 

Historian: And the Lord Said unto Abram, after that 
Lot was separated from him, Lift up now thine eyes, and 
look from the place where thou art, northward, and south- 
ward, and eastward and westward: for all the land which 
thou seest, to thee will I give it, and to thy seed forever. — 
And I will make thy seed as the dust of the earth: so that if 
a man can number the dust of the earth, then shall thy seed 
also be numbered. Arise, walk through the land in the 
length of it and in the breadth of it; for I will give it unto 
thee. Then Abram removed his tent, and came and dwelt 
in the plain of Mamre, which is in Hebron, and built there 
an altar unto the Lord. Gen. 13: 14 — 18. 

Above we find a revival of the Abrahamic Covenant, the 
Trinities in which stand just as before, which see: 

The Psalmist speaking of Christ, says, He shall have do- 
minion also from sea to sea, and from the river unto the ends 
of the earth. They that dwell in the wilderness shall bow 
before him; and his enemies shall lick the dust. The kings 
of Tarshish and of the isles shall bring presents: the kings 
of Sheba and Seba shall offer gifts. Yea, all kings shall fall 
down before him; all nations shall serve him. For he shall 
deliver the needy when he crieth; the poor also, and him 
that hath no helper. He shall spare the poor and needy, 
and shall save the souls of the needy. He shall redeem 
their soul from deceit and violence: and precious shall their 
blood be in his sight. And he shall live, and to him shall be 



ABRAM A TYPE OF CHRIST. 81 

given of the gold of Sheba: prayer also shall be made for 
him continually; and daily shall he be praised. There shall 
be an handful of corn in the earth upon the top of the moun- 
tains; the fruit thereof shall shake like Lebanon: and they 
of the city shall flourish like grass of the earth. His name 
shall endure forever: his name shall be continued as long as 
the sun: and men shall be blessed in him: all nations shall 
call him blessed. Blessed be the Lord God, the God of 
Israel, who only doeth wondrous things. And blessed be his 
glorious name forever: and let the whole earth be filled with 
his glory; Amen, and Amen. Psalm 72: 8 — 19. 

Abram is foretold of the bondage and afflictions which his 
seed should suffer in Egypt, and that they should finally be 
rescued by the power of the Lord, and come out with great 
substance, which was typical of the Spiritual emancipation of 
the Spiritual Israel through the grace of Christ from all their 
enemies in Mount Zion, which is heaven. 

Historian: And he Said unto Abram, Know of a surety 
that thy seed shall be a stranger in a land that is not theirs, 
and shall serve them: and they shall afflict them four hundred 
years; and also that nation whom they shall serve, will I 
judge: and afterward shall they come out with great sub- 
stance. And thou shalt go to thy fathers in peace; thou shalt 
be buried in a good old age. But in the fourth generation they 
shall come hither again: for the iniquity of the Amorites is 
not yet full. And it came to pass, that when the sun went 
down, and it was dark, behold a smoking furnace, and a 
burning lamp that passed between those pieces. In that 
same day the Lord made a covenant with Abram, Saying, 
Unto thy seed have I given this land, from the river of 
Egypt unto the great river, the river Euphrates: the Kenites, 
and the Kenizzites, and the Kadmonites, and the Hittites, 
and the Perizzites, and the Rephaims, and the Amorites, and 
the Canaanites, and the Girgashites, and the Jebusites. Gen. 
15: 13—21. 

Evangelist: And I saw another sign in heaven, great and 
marvellous, seven angels having the seven last plagues; for 
in them is filled up the wrath of God. And I saw as it were 
6 



82 EXPOSITION OP THE TRINITIES, 

a sea of glass mingled with fire: and them that had gotten 
the victory over the beast, and over his image, and over his 
mark, and over the number of his name, stand on the sea of 
glass, having the harps of God. And they sing the song of 
Moses the servant of God, and the song of the Lamb, saying. 
Great and marvellous are thy works, Lord God Almighty; 
just and true are thy ways, thou King of saints. Who shall 
not fear thee, Lord, and glorify thy name ? for thou only 
art holy: for all nations shall come and worship before thee: 
for thy judgments are made manifest. And after that I 
looked, and behold, the temple of the tabernacle of the tes- 
timony in heaven was opened: and the seven angels came 
out of the temple, having the seven plagues, clothed in pure 
and white linen, and having their breasts girded with golden 
girdles. And one of the four beasts gave unto the seven 
angels seven golden vials full of the wrath of God, who 
liveth forever and ever. And the temple was filled with 
smoke from the glory of God, and from his power; and no 
man was able to enter into the temple, till the seven plagues 
of the seven angels were fulfilled. Rev. 15 chapter. 

God renews his Covenant with Abraham in the rite of cir- 
cumcision, promises him large possessions in his posterity, 
and a numerous offspring, all of which clearly typifies his 
great Antitype in his becoming the heir of the world, and 
his numerous spiritual seed through the shedding of his 
blood. Mark in the collation of their respective histories 
the coincidence in all these features. 

Historian: And when Abram was ninety years old and 
nine, the Lord appeared to Abram, and Said unto him, I am 
the Almighty God, walk before me, and be thou perfect. — 
And I will make my Covenant between me and thee, and will 
multiply thee exceedingly. And Abram fell on his face: 
and God talked with him, Saying, As for me, behold, my 
Covenant is with thee, and thou shalt be a father of many 
nations. Neither shall thy name any more be called Abram: 
but thy name shall be Abraham- ; for a father of many nations 
have I made thee. And I will make thee exceeding fruitful, 
and I will make nations of. thee; and kings shall come out 

* The difference between the Covenant with Abram, and that of Abraham, is this,— that 
in the .Corenant with Abraham, the rite of circumcision, was enjoined. 



ABRAHAM A TYPE OF CHRIST. 83 

of thee. And I will establish my Covenant between me and 
thee, and thy seed after thee, in their generations, for an 
everlasting Covenant; to be a God unto thee, and to thy 
seed after thee. And I will give unto thee, and to thy seed 
after thee, the land wherein thou art a stranger, all the land 
of Canaan, for an everlasting possession; and I will be their 
God. And God Said unto Abraham, Thou shalt keep my 
Covenant therefore, thou, and thy seed after thee, in 
their generations. This is my Covenant, which ye shall 
keep, between me and you, and thy seed after thee; every 
man-child among you shall be circumcised. And ye shall 
circumcise the flesh of your foreskin; and it shall be a token 
of the Covenant betwixt me and you. And he that is eight 
days old shall be circumcised among you, every man-child in 
your generations, he that is born in the house, or bought 
with money of any stranger, which is not of thy seed. He 
that is born in thy house, and he that is bought with thy 
money, must needs be circumcised: and my Covenant shall 
be in your flesh for an everlasting Covenant. And the un- 
circumcised man-child, whose flesh of his foreskin is not cir- 
cumcised, that soul shall be cut off from his people; he hath 
broken my Covenant. Gen. 17: 1 — 14. 

In the above renewal of the Covenant with Abraham, the 
two-fold Trinity stand as at the first, which see. The rite 
of circumcision enjoined upon Abraham, was typical of the 
shedding of the blood of Christ for the sins of the world, 
and a symbol of the righteousness effected by the Holy Ghost, 
through the merits of Christ's atonement, in the sanctifica- 
tion of believers. 

The coincidences in the life and character of Christ to 
those of Abram in the above history, are as follows: 

Apostle: Let this mind be in you, which was also in 
Christ Jesus: who, being in the form of God, thought it not 
robbery to be equal with God: but made himself of no rep- 
utation, and took upon him the form of a servant, and was 
made in the likeness of men: and being found in fashion as 
a man, he humbled himself, and became obedient unto death, 
even the death of the cross. Wherefore God hath highly ex- 






84 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

alted him, and given him a name which is above every name: 
that at the name of Jesus every knee should bow, of things 
in heaven, and things in earth, and things under the earth; 
and that every tongue should confess that Jesus Christ is 
Lord, to the glory of God the Father. Phil. 2: 5—11. 

Again, the Evangelist: And I saw in the right hand of 
him that sat on the throne a book written within and on the 
back side, sealed with seven seals. And I saw a strong 
angel proclaiming with a loud voice, Who is worthy to open 
the book, and to loose the seals thereof? And no man in 
heaven, nor in earth, neither under the earth, was able to 
open the book, neither to look thereon. And I wept much, 
because no man was found worthy to open, and to read the 
hook, neither to look thereon. And one of the elders saith 
unto me, Weep not: behold, the Lion of the tribe of Judah, 
the Root of David, hath prevailed to open the book, and to 
loose the seven seals thereof. And I beheld, and lo, in the 
midst of the throne, and of the four beasts, and in the midst 
of the elders, stood a Lamb as it had been slain, having seven 
horns, and seven eyes, which are the seven Spirits of God 
sent forth into all the earth. And he came and took the 
book out of the right hand of him that sat upon the throne. 
And when he had taken the book, the four beasts, and four 
and twenty elders fell down before the Lamb, having every 
one of them harps, and golden vials full of odors, which are 
the prayers of saints. And they sung a new song, saying, 
Thou art worthy to take the book, and to open the seals 
thereof: for thou wast slain, and hast redeemed us to God by 
thy blood out of every kindred, and tongue, and people, and 
nation; and hast made unto our God kings and priests: and 
and we shall reign on the earth. And I beheld, and I heard 
the voice of many angels round about the throne, and the 
beasts, and the elders: and the number of them was ten thou- 
sand times ten thousand, and thousands of thousands; saying 
with a loud voice, Worthy is the Lamb that was slain to re- 
ceive power, and riches, and wisdom, and strength, and honor, 
and glory, and blessing. And every creature which is in 
heaven, and on earth, and under the earth, and such as are 



ABRAHAM A TYPE OF CHRIST. 85 

in the sea, and all that are in them, heard I saying, Blessing, 
and honor, and glory, and power, be unto him that sitteth 
upon the throne, and unto the Lamb, forever and ever. And 
the four beasts said, Amen. And the four and twenty elders 
fell down and worshipped him that liveth forever and ever. 
Rev. 5th chapter. 

Isaac, is next promised to Abraham, who after him is to be 
the type of Christ, who typifies Christ, in his conception, birth, 
life and character. 

Historian: And God Said unto Abraham, As for Sarai 
thy wife, thou shalt not call her name Sarai, but Sarah shall 
her name be. And I will bless her, and give thee a son also 
of her: yea, I will bless her, and she shall be a mother of 
nations; kings of people shall be of her. Then Abraham 
fell upon his face, and laughed, and said in his heart, Shall a 
child be born unto him that is an hnndred years old ? and 
shall Sarah that is ninety years old, bear ? And Abraham 
said unto God, that Tshmael might live before thee ! And 
God Said, Sarah thy wife shall bear thee a son indeed; and 
thou shalt call his name Isaac: and I will establish my Cove- 
nant with him for an everlasting Covenant, and with his seed 
after him. And as for Ishmael, I have heard thee: Behold, 
I have blessed him, and will make him fruitful, and will mul- 
tiply him exceedingly: twelve princes shall he beget, and I 
will make him a great nation. But my Covenant will I estab- 
lish with Isaac, which Sarah shall bear unto thee at this set 
time in the next year. And he left off talking with him, and 
God went up from Abraham. Gen. 17: 15 — 22. 

Evangelist: And in the sixth month the angel Gabriel 
was sent from God unto a city in Galilee, named Nazareth, 
to a virgin espoused to a man whose name was Joseph, of the 
house of David; and the virgin's name was Mary. And the 
angel came in unto her, and said, Hail, thou that art highly 
favored, the Lord is with thee: blessed art thou among wo- 
men. And when she saw him, she was troubled at his say- 
ing, and cast in her mind what manner of salutation this 
should be. And the angel said unto her, Fear not, Mary: for 
thou hast found favor with God. And behold, thou shalt con- 



86 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

ceive in thy womb, and bring forth a Son, and shalt call his name 
Jesus. He shall be great, and shall be called the Son of the 
Highest) and the Lord God shall give unto him the throne of 
his father David. And lie shall reign over the house of Ja- 
cob for ever; and of his kingdom there shall be no end. 
Then said Mary unto the angel, How shall this be, seeing I 
know not a mar. ? And the angel answered and said unto 
her, The Holy Ghost shall come upon thee, and the power of 
the Highest shall overshadow thee: therefore also that holy 
thing which shall be born of thee shall be called the Son of 
God. Luke 1: 26—35. 

Also the Apostle: Now the God of patience and consola- 
tion grant you to be like-minded one toward another accord- 
ing to Christ Jesus: that ye may with one mind and one mouth 
glorify God. even the Father of our Lord Jesus Christ. 
Wherefore receive ye one another, as Christ also received us, 
to the glory of God. Now I say that Jesus Christ was a 
minister of circumcision for the truth of God, to confirm the 
promises made unto the fathers: and that the Gentiles might 
glorify God for his mercy, as it is written, For this cause I 
will confess thee among the Gentiles, and sing unto thy 
name. And again he Saith, rejoice, ye Gentiles, with his 
people. And again, Praise the Lord, all ye Gentiles: and 
laud him, all ye people. And again Esaius saith, There shall 
be a root of Jesse, and he that shall rise to reign over the Gen- 
tiles: in him shall the Gentiles trust. Eom. 15: 5 — 12. 

Abraham a type of Christ, as intercessor: 

Historian: And the Lord Said, Because the cry of Sod- 
om and Gomorrah is great, and because their sin is very griev- 
ous, I will go down now, and see whether they have done 
altogether according to the cry of it, which is come unto me; 
and if not, I will know. And the men turned their faces 
from thence, and went toward Sodom: but Abraham stood 
yet before the Lord. And Abraham drew near, and said, 
Wilt thou also destroy the righteous with the wicked ? Per- 
adventure there be fifty righteous in the city: wilt thou also 
destroy and not spare the place for the fifty righteous that are 
threin ? That be far from thee to do ofter this manner, to 



ABRAHAM A TYPE OF CHRIST. 87 

slay the righteous with the wicked; and that the righteous 
should be as the wicked, that be far from thee: Shall not the 
Judge of all the earth do right? And the Lord Said, If I 
find in Sodom fifty righteous within the city, then I will 
spare all the place for their sakes. And Abraham answered 
and said, Behold now. I have taken upon me to speak unto 
the Lord, which am but dust and ashes: peradventure there 
shall lack five of the fifty righteous: wilt thou destroy all the 
eity for the lack of five? And he Said, if I find there forty 
and five, I will not destroy it. And he spake unto him yet 
again, and said, Peradventure there shall be forty found there. 
And he Said I will not do it for forty's sake. And he said 
unto him, Oh, let not the Lord be angry, and I will speak: 
Peradventure there shall thirty be found there. And he Said. 
I will not do it, if I find thirty there. And he said, be- 
hold now, I have taken upon me to speak unto the Lord: Per- 
adventure there shall be twenty found there. And he Said, I 
will not destroy it for twenty's sake. And he Said, Oh, let 
not the Lord be angry, and I will speak yet but this once: 
Peradventure ten shall be found there. And he Said, I will 
not destroy it for ten's sake. And the Lord went his way, as 
he had left communing with -Abraham: and Abraham return- 
ed unto his place. Gen. 18: 20 — 33. 

A striking analogy to the above is found in the Apostle's 
description of the New Covenant and our Savior's interces- 
sion and pardon of sin. 

Apostle : But now hath he obtained a more excellent min- 
istry, by how much also he is Mediator of abetter Covenant, 
which was established upon better promises. For if that 
first Covenant had been faultless, then should no place have 
been sought for the second. For finding fault with them, he 
Saith, Behold the days come, Saith the Lord, when I will 
make a new Covenant with the house of Israel and with the 
house of Judah: not according to the Covenant that I made 
with their jathers. in the day when I took them by the hand 
to lead them out of the land of Egypt; because they contin- 
ued not in my Covenant, and I regarded them not, Saith the 
Lord. For this is the Covenant that I will make with the 



EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 



house of Israel, after those days, Saith the Lord: I will put 
my laws into their mind, and write them in their hearts: and 
I will be to them a God, and they shall be to me a people: 
And they shall not teach every man his neighbor, and every 
man his brother, saying, Know the Lord: for all shall know 
me, from the least to the greatest. For I will be merciful to 
their unrighteousness, and their sins and their iniquities will I 
remember no more. Heb. 8: 6 — 12. 

Type: Then Abimelech called Abraham, and said unto him, 
What hast thou done unto us ? and what have I offended thee, 
that thou hast brought on me and my kingdom a great sin ? 
thou hast done deeds unto me that ought not to be done. And 
Abimelech said unto Abraham, What sawest thou, that thou 
hast done this thing ? And Abraham said, Because I thought, 
Surely the fear of God is not in this place: and they will slay 
me for my wife's sake. And yet indeed she is my sister; she 
is the daughter of my father, but not the daughter of my 
mother: and she became my wife. And it came to pass, when 
God caused me to wander from my father's house, that I said 
to her, This is thy kindness which thou shalt shew unto me; 
at every place whither we shall come, say of me, He is my 
brother. And Abimelech took sheep, and oxen, and men-ser- 
vants, and women-servants, and gave them unto Abraham, and 
restored him Sarah his wife. And Abimelech said, Behold, 
my land is before thee: dwell where it pleaseth thee. And 
unto Sarah he said, Behold I have given thy brother a thou- 
sand pieces of silver: behold he is to thee a covering of the 
eyes unto all that are with thee, and with all other: thus she 
was reproved. So Abraham prayed unto God: and God 
healed Abimelech, and his wife, and his maid-servants: and 
they bare children. For the Lord had fast closed up all the 
wombs of the house of Abimelech, because of Sarah, Abra- 
ham's wife. Gen. 20: 9—18. 

Antitype: And in the morning rising up a great while be- 
fore day, he went out and departed into a solitary place, and 
prayed. And Simon, and they that were with him, followed 
after him. And when they had found him, they said unto 
him, All men seek for thee. And he Said unto them, Let us 



ABRAHAM A TYPE OF CHRIST. 89 

go into the next towns, that I may preach there also: for 
therefore came I forth. And he preached in their synagogues 
throughout all Galilee, and cast out devils. And there came 
a leper to him, beseeching him, and kneeling down to him, 
and saying unto him. If thou wilt, thou canst make me clean. 
And Jesus moved with compassion, put forth his hand, and 
touched him, and Saith, unto him, I will: be thou clean. And 
as soon as he had Spoken, immediately the leprosy departed 
from him, and he was made clean. And he straitly charged him, 
and forthwith sent him away. And he Saith unto him: See 
thou say nothing to any man, but go thy way, shew thyself 
to the priest, and offer for thy cleansing those things which 
Moses commanded, for a testimony to them. But he went out, 
and began to publish it much, and to blaze abroad the matter, 
insomuch that Jesus could no more openly enter the city, but 
was without in desert places: and they came to him from ev- 
ery quarter. Mark 1: 35 — 45. 

Of the truth of Isaac as a type of Christ: 
Historian: And the Lord visited Sarah as he had Said, 
and the Lord did unto Sarah as he had Spoken. For Sarah 
conceived, and bare Abraham a son in his old age, at the set 
time of which God had Spoken to him. And Abraham call- 
ed the name of his son that was born unto him, whom Sarah 
bare to him, Isaac. And Abraham circumcised his son Isaac, 
being eight days old, as God had commanded him, And Sa- 
rah said, God hath made me to laugh, so that all that hear 
will laugh with me. And she said, Who would have said un- 
to Abraham, that Sarah should have given children suck ? 
for I have borne him a son in his old age. And the child 
grew, and was weaned: and Abraham made a great feast the 
same day that Isaac was weaned. Gen. 21: 1 — 8. 

Antitype: And it came to pass in those days, that there 
went out a decree from Cesar Augustus, that all the world 
should be taxed. (And this taxing was first made when Cy- 
renius was governor of Syria.) And all went to be taxed, 
every one into his own city. And Joseph also went up from 
Galilee, out of the city of Nazareth, unto Judea, unto the 
city of David, which is called Bethlehem, (because he was of 



90 EXPOSITION OP THE TRINITIES. 

the house and lineage of David,) To be taxed with Mary his 
espoused wife, being great with child. And so it was, that 
while they were there, the days were accomplished that she 
should be delivered. And she brought forth her first born 
son, and wrapped him in swaddling-clothes, and laid him in a 
manger; because there was no room for them in the inn. And 
there were in the same country shepherds abiding in the field, 
keeping watch over their flock by night. And lo, the angel 
of the Lord came upon them, and the glory of the Lord shone 
round about them; and they were sore afraid. And the an- 
gel said unto them, Fear not, for behold, I bring you good 
tidings of great joy, which shall be to all people. For unto 
you is born this day, in the city of David, a Savior, which 
is Christ the Lord. And this shall be a sign unto you; Ye 
shall find the babe wrapped in swaddling-cloths, lying in a 
manger. And suddenly there was with the angel a multitude 
of the heavenly host praising God, and saying, Glory to God 
in the highest, and on earth peace, good will toward men. 
Luke 2: 1 — 14, and on to the 39th verse of this chapter. 

Abraham's faith in offering up his son Isaac as a type of 
the Sacrifice of Christ: 

Type: And it came to pass after these things, that God 
did tempt Abraham, and Said unto him, Abraham: and he 
Said, Behold, here I am. And he Said, Take now thy son, 
thine only son Isaac, whom thou lovest, and get thee into the 
land of Moriah; and offer him there for a burnt-offering 
upon one of the mountains which I will tell thee of. And 
Abraham rose up early in the morning, and saddled his ass, 
and took two of his young men with him, and Isaac his son, 
and clave the wood for the burnt-offering, and rose up, and 
went unto the place of which God had told him. Then on 
the third day Abraham lifted up his eyes, and saw the place 
afar off. And Abraham said unto his young men, Abide ye 
here with the ass, and I and the lad will go yonder and wor- 
ship, and come again unto you. And Abraham took the 
wood of the burnt-offering, and laid it upon Isaac his son; 
and he took the fire in his hand and a knife: and they went 
both of them together. And Isaac spake unto Abraham his 



ABRAHAM A TYPE OF CHRIST. 91 

father, and said, My father: and he said, Here am I, my son. 
And he said, Behold the fire and the wood: hut where is the 
lamb for a burnt-offering ? And Abraham said, My son, God 
will provide himself a lamb for a burnt-offering: so they went 
both of them together. And they came to the place which 
God had told him of; and Abraham built an altar there, and 
laid the wood in order; and bound Isaac his son, and laid 
him on the altar upon the wood. And Abraham stretched 
forth his hand, and took the knife to slay his son. And the 
angel of the Lord called unto him out of heaven, and said, 
Abraham, Abraham, And he said, Here am I. And he Said, 
Lay not thine hand upon the lad, neither do thou anything 
unto him: for now I know that thou fearest God, seeing thou 
hast not withheld thy son, thine only son, from me. And 
Abraham lifted up his eyes, and looked, and behold, behind 
him a ram caught in a thicket by his horns: and Abraham 
went and took the ram, and offered him up for a burnt-offer- 
ing in the stead of his son. And Abraham called the name 
of that place Jehovah-jireh: as it is said to this day, In the 
mount of the Lord it shall be seen. Gen. 22: 1 — 14. 

Antitype: And when they had platted a crown of thorns* 
they put it upon his head, and a reed in his right hand: and 
they bowed the knee before him, and mocked him, saying, 
Hail King of the Jews ! And they spit upon him, and took 
the reed, and smote him upon the head. And after that they 
had mocked him, they took the robe off from him, and put 
his own raiment on him, and led him away to crucify him. 
And as they came out, they found a man of Gyrene, Simon by 
name: him they compelled to bear his cross. And when they 
were come unto a place called Golgotha, that is to say a place 
of a skull, they gave him vinegar to drink, mingled with 
gall: and when he had tasted thereof, he would not drink. 
And they crucified him, and parted his garments, casting lots: 
that it might be fulfilled which was spoken by the prophet: 
They parted my garments among them, and upon my vesture 
did they cast lots. And sitting down, they watched him there: 
And set up over his head his accusation written, THIS IS 
JESUS THE KING OF THE JEWS. Matt. 27: 29—37- 



92 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

The sons of Abraham by Keturah, are symbolic of the spir- 
itual children of Christ among the Gentile nations: 

Type: Then again Abraham took a wife, and her name was 
Keturah. And she bare him Zimran, and Jokshan, and Med- 
an, and Midian, and Ishbak, and Shuah. And Jokshan begat 
Sheba, and Dedan. And the sons of Dedan were Isshurim, 
and Letushim, and Leummim. And the sons of Midian; 
Ephah, and Epher, and Hanoch, and Abidah, and Eldaah. 
All these were the children of Keturah. And Abraham gave 
all that he had unto Isaac. But unto the sons of the concu- 
bines which Abraham had, Abraham gave gifts, and sent them 
away from Isaac his son (while yet he lived) eastward, unto 
the east country. And these are the days of the years of 
Abraham's life which he lived, an hundred threescore and fif- 
teen years. Then Abraham gave up the ghost, and died in a 
goood old age, an old man, and full of years; and was gath- 
ered to his people. And his sons Isaac and Ishmael buried 
him in the cave of Machpelah, in the field of Ephron the son 
of Zohar the Hittite, which is before Mamre: The field which 
Abraham purchased of the sons of Heth: there was Abraham 
buried, and Sarah his wife. Gen. 25: 1 — 10. 

Antitype: Wherefore receive ye one another, as Christ al- 
so received us to the glory of God. Now I say that Jesus 
Christ was a minister of the circumcision for the truth of 
God, to confirm the promises made unto the fathers: and that 
the Gentiles might glorify God for his mercy: as it is written, 
For this cause I will confess to thee among the Gentiles, and 
sing unto thy name. And again he Saith, Rejoice, ye Gentiles 
with his people. And again, Praise the Lord, all ye Gentiles'. 
and laud him, all ye people. And again Esaias saith, There 
shall be a root of Jesse, and he that shall rise to reign over 
the Gentiles: in him shall the Gentiles trust. Rom. 15: 7 — 12. 

He also gave up the ghost and was buried by his brethren. 

And Jesus cried with a loud voice, and gave up the ghost. 
And the vail of the temple was rent in twain, from the top 
to the bottom. And when the centurian which stood over 
against him, saw that he so cried out, and gave up the ghost, 
he said, Truly this man was the Son of God. There were 



ABRAHAM A TYPE OF CHRIST. 93 

also women looking on afar off, among whom was Mary Mag- 
dalene, and Mary the mother of James the less, and of Joses, 
and Salome: Who also, when he was in Galilee, followed him, 
and ministered unto him; and many other women which came 
up with him unto Jerusalem. And now, when the even was 
come, (because it was the preparation, that is, the day before 
the sabbath.) Joseph of Arimathea, an honorable counsellor, 
which also waited for the kingdom of God, came, and went in 
boldly unto Pilate, and craved the body of Jesus. And Pilate 
marvelled if he were already dead: and calling unto him the 
centurian, he asked him whether he had been any while dead. 
And when he knew it of the centurian, he gave the body to 
Joseph. And he brought fine linen, and took him down, and 
wrapped him in the linen, and laid him in a supulchre which 
was hewn out of a rock, and rolled a stone unto the door of 
the supulchre. And Mary Magdalene and Mary the mother 
of Jesus beheld where he was laid. Mark 15: 37 — 47. 

Thus have we perused the history of faithful Abraham in 
some of its most striking features as typical of his great an- 
titype, and seen with astonishment the wisdom and unsearchable 
mysteries of the Providence of God in harmonizing so many 
features of the type with the Antitype. In estimating the 
character of Abraham due allowance should be made in his 
favor for the age in which he lived, and the great disadvan- 
tages under which he labored in regard to moral example, 
and intellectual improvements, the rays of light that guided 
his decisions and illumined his pathway in those respects, 
were very feeble compared with the same advantages of oth- 
ers at a later and more enlightened age of the world. The 
Star of Bethlehem was in the distance but very remote, 
and his unwavering confidence in God's power, wisdom, and 
veracicy, was the arm of his strength on which he leaned and 
the light in the dreary desert, and his abiding hope in all the 
conflicts and perils through which he was called to pass. The 
trials and perils of life matured him into manhood, and with 
a few discrepencies of moral character which are palliated by 
the circumstances above mentioned, Abraham stands in promin- 
ent relief among the most distinguished upon the walls of Ziou. 



94 



EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 



'And these are the days of the years of Abraham's life 
which he lived, an hundred threescore and fifteen years. Then 
Abraham gave up the ghost, and died in a good old age. an 
old man, and full of years, and was gathered to his people. 
And his sons Isaac and Ishmael buried him in the cave of 
Machpelah, in the field of Ephron the son of Zohar the Hit- 
tite, which is before Mamre: The field which Abraham pur- 
chased of the son of Heth: there was Abraham buried, and 
Sarah his wife.' Gen. 15: 7 — 10. 



CHAPTER Y. 



ISAAC AS A TYPE OF CHRIST, BECOMES THE MEDIATOR 
BETWEEN GOD AND THE HUMAN FAMILY. 



After the death of Abraham or before, his son Isaac, who 
in a figure was offered to God as a sacrifice by his father, 
became the mediator of the Abrahamic Covenant. As 
Abraham and Isaac were respective types of Christ, so their 
families respectively typified the two grand divisions of the 
human family, the Jews and Gentiles, included in the Cove- 
nant of Grace between the Father and the Son. 

The mediatorial and typical office of Isaac, commence? 
thus: 

Type. And these are the generations of Isaac, Abraham's 
son: Abraham begat Isaac: and Isaac was forty years old 
when he took Rebekah to wife, the daughter of Bethuel the 
Syrian of Padan-aram, the sister to Laban the Syrian. And 
Isaac entreated the Lord for his wife, because she was barren: 
and the Lord was entreated of him, and Rebekah his wife 
conceived. And the children struggled together within her: 
and she said, If it be so. why am I thus? And she went to 
inquire of the Lord. And the Lord Said unto her, Two 



ISAAC A TYPE OF CHRIST. 95 

nations are in tby womb, and two manner of people shall be 
separated from thy bowels: and the one people shall be 
stronger than the other people; and the elder shall serve the 
younger. And when her days to be delivered were fulfilled, 
behold, there were twins in her womb. And the first came 
out red, all over like an hairy garment: and they called his 
name Esau. And after that came his brother out, and his 
hand took hold on Esau's heel; and his name was called 
Jacob: and Isaac was three-score years old when she bare 
them. And the boys grew: and Esau was a cunning hunter, 
a man of the field; and Jacob was a plain man dwelling in 
tents. And Isaac loved Esau, because he did eat of his ven- 
ison: but Rebekah loved Jacob. And Jacob sod pottage: 
and Esau came from the field, and he was faint. And Esau 
said to Jacob, Feed me, I pray thee, with that same red 
pottage; for I am faint: therefore was his name called Edom. 
And Jacob said, Sell me this day thy birthright. And Esau 
said, Behold, I am at the point to die: and what profit shall 
this birthright do to me? And Jacob said, Swear to me 
this day; and he swear unto him: and he sold his birthright 
unto Jacob. Then Jacob gave Esau bread and pottage of 
lentiles; and he did eat and drink, and rose up, and went 
his way: thus Esau despised his birthright. Gen. 25: 19 — 34. 

The illustration of these symbols, as also in the case of 
Abraham's family, is given very clearly by the Apostle. 

Apostle: Tell me, ye that desire to be under the law, do 
ye not hear the law? For it is written, that Abraham had 
two sons; the one by a bond-maid, the other by a free-woman. 
But he who was born of the bond-woman, was born after 
the flesh; but he of the free-woman was by promise. Which 
things are an allegory: for these are the two covenants; the 
one from the mount Sinai, which gendereth to bondage, which 
is Agar. For this Agar is mount Sinai in Arabia, and an- 
swereth to Jerusalem which now is, and is in bondage with 
her children. But Jerusalem which is above is free, which 
is the mother of us all. For it is written, Rejoice, thou bar- 
ren that bearest not; break forth and cry, thou that travail- 
est not: for the desolate hath many more children than she 






96 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

which hath an husband. Now we, brethren, as Isaac was, 
are the children of promise. But as then he that was born 
after the flesh persecuted him that was born after the Spirit, 
even so it is now. Nevertheless, what saith the scripture? 
Cast out the bond-woman and her son; for the son of the 
bond- woman shall not be heir with the son of the free-woman. 
So then, brethren, we are not children of the bond-woman, 
but of the free. Gal. 4: 21—31. 

Again: Wherefore remember, that ye being in time past 
Gentiles in the flesh, who are called Uncircumcision by that 
which is called the Circumcision in the flesh, made by hands; 
That at that time ye were without Christ, being aliens from 
the commonwealth of Israel, and strangers from the covenants 
of promise, having no hope, and without God in the world: 
but now, in Christ Jesus, ye, who sometime were far off, are 
made nigh by the blood of Christ. For he is our peace, who 
hath made both one, and hath broken down the middle wall of 
partition between us; having abolished in his flesh the enmity, 
even the law of commandments contained in ordinances: for 
to make in himself of twain one new man so making peace; 
and that he might reconcile both unto God in one body by the 
cross, having slain the enmity thereby: and came and 
preached peace to you which were afar off, and to them that 
were nigh. For through him we both have access by one 
Spirit unto the Father. Now therefore ye are no more 
strangers and foreigners, but fellow-citizens with the saints, 
and of the household of God; and are built upon the founda- 
tion of the apostles and prophets, Jesus Christ himself being 
the chief corner-stone; in whom all the building fitly framed 
together, groweth unto an holy temple in the Lord: in whom 
ye also are builded together, for an habitation of God 
through the Spirit. Eph. 2: 11—22. 

The Lord appears to Isaac, and renews the Covenant 
which he made with his father Abraham, in which he prom- 
ises him and his seed all the countries he promised to Abra- 
ham, and an equally numerous seed. 

Type. And there was a famine in the land, besides the 
first famine that was in the days of Abraham. And Isaac 



ISAAC A TYPE OF CHEIST. 97 

went unto Abimelech king of the Philistines unto Gerar. — 
And the Lord appeared unto him, and Said, Go not down 
into Egypt: dwell in the land which I tell thee of. Sojourn 
in this land, and I will be with thee, and I will bless thee: 
for onto thee, and unto thy seed I will give all these countries, 
and I will perform the oath which I swear unto Abraham thy 
father; and I will make thy seed to multiply as the stars of 
heaven, and will give unto thy seed all these countries: and 
in thy seed shall all the nations of the earth be blessed: 
because that Abraham obeyed my voice, and kept my charge, 
my commandments, my statutes, and my laws. Gen. 26: 
1—5. 

In the above Covenant between the Father and Isaac, we 
discover, as always, a two-fold Trinity. 1. A Spiritual Trini- 
iy in Legislation. The Lord appeared unto Isaac, and Said 
unto him. Here is the Father, the Word, and the Holy Ghost; 
for be it always borne in mind, that the Father always Speaks 
and acts through the Spirit, which is the Holy Ghost. 2. A 
Compound, Typical, Executive Trinity in Redemption, which 
consists of the three Persons, the Father, Isaac, and the Holy 
Ghost, coming from the Father in the Word to Isaac, and 
through Isaac to the people. Thus the Compound, Typical, 
Executive Trinity in Redemption operates throughout the me- 
diatorial office of Isaac. 

We find a parallel to the above Covenant made with Isaac 
in the prophecies and history of his Antitype. 

Peopbet: In his days shall the righteous flourish: and 
abundance of peace so long as the moon endureth. He shall 
have dominion from sea to sea, and from the river unto 
the ends of the earth. They that dwell in the wilder- 
ness shall bow before him ; and his enemies shall lick 
the dust. The kings of Tarshish .ind of the isles shall bring 
presents: the kings of Sheba and Seba shall offer gifts. Yea, 
all kings shall fall down before him: and nations shall serve 
him. For he shall deliver the needy when he crieth; the 
poor also, and him that hath no helper. He shall spare the 
poor and needy, and shall save the souls of the needy. He 
shall redeem their souls from deceit and violence: and pre- 
7 



98 EXPOSITION OP THE TRINITIES. 

cious shall their blood be in his sight. And he shall live, 
and to him shall be given the gold of Sheba: prayer also shall 
be made for him continually; and daily shall he be praised. 
There shall be an handful of corn in the earth upon the top 
of the mountains; the fruit thereof shall shake like Lebanon: 
and they of the city shall flourish like grass of the earth. — 
His name shall endure forever: his name shall be continued 
as long as the sun: and men shall be blessed in him: all 
nations shall call him blessed. Blessed be the Lord God, 
the God of Israel, who only doeth wondrous things. And 
blessed be his glorious name forever: and let the whole earth 
be filled with his glory; Amen, and Amen. Ps. 72: 7 — 19. 

Isaac becomes wealthy and great in the land of the Phil- 
istines, wherefore they envy him, and send him away. This 
symbolizes the wealth of the world which belonged to our 
Savior; the great applause he received from the multitude, 
and the envy of the Jews. 

Type. Then Isaac sowed in that land and received in 
the same year an hundred-fold: and the Lord blessed him: 
and the man waxed great, and went forward, and grew until 
he became very great: for he had possession of flocks, and 
possession of herds, and great store of servants: and the 
Philistines envied him. For all the wells which his father 
servants had digged in the days of Abraham his father, the 
Philistines had stopped them, and filled them with earth. — 
And Abimelech said unto Isaac, Go from us: for thou art 
much mightier than we. Gen. 26: 12 — 16. 

Antitype. Then Said Jesus unto his disciples, Verily I 
say unto you, That a rich man shall hardly enter into the 
kingdom of heaven. And again I say unto you, It is easier 
for a camel to go through the eye of a needle, than for a 
rich man to enter into the kingdom of God. When his dis-l 
ciples heard it, they were exceedingly amazed, saying, who 
then shall be saved? But Jesus beheld them, and Said unto 
them, With men this is impossible, but with God all things 
are possible. Then answered Peter, and said unto him, 
Behold, we have forsaken all, and followed thee; what shalll 
we have therefore ? And Jesus Said unto them, Verily I Sam 



ISAAC A TYPE OF CHRIST, 99 

unto you, That ye which have followed me in the regenera- 
tion, when the Son of man shall sit in the throne of his glory, 
ye also shall sit upon twelve thrones, judging the twelve 
tribes of Israel. And every one that hath forsaken houses. 
or brethren, or sisters, or father, or mother, or wife, or chil- 
dren, or lands, for my name's sake, shall receive an hundred- 
fold, and shall inherit everlasting life. But many that arc 
first shall be last, and the last shall be first. Mat. 19: 
23—30. 

Again the Evangelist: Now at that feast, the governor 
was wont to release unto the people a prisoner, whom they 
would. And they had then a notable prisoner called Barab- 
bas. Therefore, when they were gathered together, Pilate 
said unto them, Whom will ye that I release unto you? Bar- 
abbas, or Jesus, which is called Christ! For he knew that 
for envy they had delivered him. When he was set down 
on the judgment-seat, his wife sent unto him, saying, Have 
thou nothing to do with that just man: for I have suffered 
many things this day in a dream, because of him. But the 
chief priests and elders persuaded the multitude that they 
should ask Barabbas, and destroy Jesus. The governor an- 
swered and said unto them, Whether of the twain will ye that I 
release unto you ? They said, Barabbas. Pilate saith unto 
them, What then shall I do with Jesus, which is called 
Christ ? They all say unto him, Let him be crucified. Mat. 
27: 15—20. 

Isaac, under the influence and direction of the Holy Ghost. 
unwittingly confers the blessing on Jacob which he intended 
for Esau, and thus fulfills the purpose of God, in raising up 
a nation typical of the gospel Dispensation through the line- 
age of Jacob; thus showing that he often accomplishes his 
designs and purposes, both in Providence and grace, by 
means different from our knowledge and expectation. 

Type. And he came in unto his father, and said, My 
father. And he said, Here am I; who art thou, my son ? 
And Jacob said unto his father, I am Esau, thy first-born; 1 
have done according as thou badest me: arise, 1 pray thee, 
sit and eat of ray venison, that thy soul may bless me. Ami 

L.ofC. 



100 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

Isaac said unto his son, How is it that thou hast found it so 
quickly my son ? And he said, Because the Lord thy God 
brought it to me. And Isaac said unto Jacob, Come near, I 
pray thee that I may feel thee, my son, whether thou be my 
very son Esau, or not. And Jacob went near unto Isaac his 
father: and he felt him, and said, The voice is Jacob's voice r 
but the hands arc the hands of Esau. And he discerned 
him not, because his hands were hairy, as his brother Esau's 
hands: so he blessed him: and he said, Art thou my very son 
Esau? And he said, I am. And he said, Bring it near to 
me, and I will eat of my son's venison, that my soul may bless 
thee. And he brought it near to him, and he did eat: and 
he brought wine, and he drank. And his father Isaac said 
unto him, Come near now, and kiss me, my son. And he 
came near, and kissed him: and he smelled the smell of his 
raiment, and blessed him, and said, See, the smell of my son 
is as the smell of a field which the Lord hath blessed: there- 
fore God give thee of the dew of heaven, and the fatness of 
the earth, and plenty of corn and wine: let people serve 
thee; be lord over thy brethren, and let thy mother's sons 
bow down to thee: cursed be every one that curseth thee r 
and blessed be he that hlesseth thee. Gen. 27: 18—29. 

Antitype. Not as though the Word of God had taken 
none effect. For they are not all Israel, which are of Israel; 
neither, because they are the seed of Abraham, are they all 
children: but, In Isaac shall thy seed be called. That 
is. They which are the children of the flesh, these are 
notthe children of God; but the children of the prom- 
ise are counted for the seed. For this is the Word of 
promise, At this time will I come, and Sarah shall have a 
son. And not only this; but when Rebecca had also con- 
ceived by one, even by our father Isaac, (for the children 
being not yet born, neither having done any good or evil, 
that the purpose of God, according to election might stand 7 
not of works, but of him that calleth,) It was said unto her. 
The elder shall serve the younger. As it is written, Jacob 
have I loved, but Esau have I hated. What shall we say 
then? Is there unrighteousness with God? God forbid. — 






ISAAC A TYPE OF CHRIST. 101 

For he Saith to Moses, I will have mercy on whom I will 
have mercy, and I will have compassion on whom I will have 
compassion. So then, it is not of him that willeth, nor of 
him that runneth, but of God that sheweth mercy. Rom. 9: 
6—16. 

Again the Apostle: Even as Abraham believed God, and 
it was accounted to him for righteousness. Know ye there- 
fore, that they which are of the faith, the same are the chil- 
dren of Abraham. And the scripture, foreseeing that God 
would justify the heathen through faith, preached before the 
Gospel unto Abraham, saying, In thee shall all nations be 
blessed. So then they which be of the faith are blessed with 
faithful Abraham. For as many as are of the works of the 
law, are under the curse: for it is written, Cursed is every 
one that continueth not in all things which are written in 
the book of the law to do them. But that no man is justified 
by the law in the sight of God, it is evident: for, The just 
shall live by faith. And the law is not of faith: but, The 
man that doeth them shall live in them. Ch?ist hath redeemed 
us from the curse of the law, being made a curse for us: tor it 
is written, Cursed is every one that hangeth on a tree: that 
the blessing of Abraham might come on the Gentiles through 
Jesus Christ; that we might receive the promise of the Spirit 
through faith. Gal. 3: 6—14. 

Isaac sends away his son Jacob to Padan-aram to take a 
wife of his own kindred, and we hear but little more of him 
until his death. 

And Jacob came unto Isaac his father unto Mamre, unto the 
city of Arbah (which is Hebron) where Abraham and Isaac 
sojourned. And the days of Isaac were an hundred and four- 
score years. And Isaac gave up the Ghost and died, and was 
gathered unto his people, being old and full of days; and his 
sons Esau and Jacob buried him. Gen. 25: 27 — 29. 

Antitype. Then the soldiers when they had crucified Jesus, 
took his garments and made four parts, to every soldier a part : 
and also his coat: now the coat was without seam, woven from 
the top throughout. They said therefore among themselves, 
Let us not rend it, but cast lots for it whose it shall be: that 



102 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

the scripture might be fulfilled, which saith, They parted iny 
raiment among them, and for my vesture did they cast lots. 
These things therefore the soldiers did. Now there stood by 
the cross of Jesus, his mother, and his mother's sister, Mary 
the wife of Cleophas, and Mary Magdalene. When Jesus 
saw his mother, and the disciple standing by whom he loved, 
he Saith unto his mother, Woman, behold thy son ! Then 
Saith he to the disciple, Behold thy mother ! and from that 
hour that disciple took her unto his own home. After this. 
Jesus knowing that all things were now accomplished, that 
the scriptures might be fulfilled, Saith, I thirst. Now there 
was set a vessel full of vinegar: and they filled a sponge with 
vinegar, and put it upon hyssop, and put it to his mouth. 
When Jesus therefore had received the vinegar, he Said it is 
finished: and bowed his head and gave up the ghost. The Jews 
therefore, because it was the preparation, that the bodies should 
not remain upon the cross on the sabbath-day, (for that sabbath- 
day was an high day) besought Pilate that their legs might be 
broken,and that they might be taken away. Then came the sold- 
iers, and brake the legs of the first, and of the other which was 
crucified with him. But when they came to Jesus, and saw 
that he was dead already, they brake not his legs. But one 
of the soldiers with a spear pierced his side, and forthwith 
came thereout blood and water. And he that saw it, bare re- 
cord, and his record is true: and he knoweth that he saith 
true, that ye might believe. For these things w r ere done, that 
the scripture should be fulfilled, A bone of him shall not be 
broken. And again another scripture saith, They shall look 
on him whom they pierced. And after this, Joseph of Ari- 
mathea (being a disciple of Jesus, but secretly for fear- of the 
Jews) besought Pilate that he might take away the body of 
Jesus: and Pilate gave him leave. He came therefore and 
took the body of Jesus. And there came also JVicodemus 
(which at the first came to Jesus by night) and brought a mix- 
ture of myrrh and aloes, about an hundred pound weight. Then 
took they the body of Jesus, and wound it in linnen clothes 
with the spices, as the manner of the Jews is to bury. - Now 
in the place where he was crucified, there was a garden; and 



ISAAC A TYPE OF CHRIST. 103 

in the garden a new supulchre, wherein was never yet man 
laid. There laid they Jesus therefore, because of the Jews' pre- 
paration-day: for the sepulchre was nigh at hand. John 19: 
23—42. 

Thus have we examined the life and character of Isaac, as 
a type of Christ. No charge of immorality or dereliction of 
duty being imputed to his public character, we take it for 
granted there is none, and hence he stands out prominent 
among the Patriarchs as a man without reproach, and in all 
things an obedient servant of the Lord. His entire submis- 
sion to the mandates of his father Abraham when he offered 
him upon the altar of sacrifice, at the age of 25 years, argues 
the most entire filial obedience under the awful circumstances 
by which it was accompanied, to be found in the history of 
paternal authority and filial obligation. Had not the father 
and son both been under the Divine afflatus, neither the in- 
junction of the father, nor the submission of the son, could 
be justified. They were extraordinary acts for an extraordin- 
ary purpose, which pointed to the coming and sacrifice of 
Isaac's great Antitype. It is not an example for imitation, but 
a typical illustration of the mercy of the Father who gave his 
only begotten Son, for the sin of the world, and the submis- 
sion on the part of the So?i, to the death of the cross. 

In a long life of one hundred and eighty years, there are 
but few of Isaac's acts recorded, but those few are of the most 
significant and important character standing upon the records 
of Holy Writ as monuments of faith and piety, and held up in 
all ages to the church as deeds of faith and unshrinking fi- 
delity, as one of the triune Patriarchs at the head of typical 
Zion. Submissive through life to the will of the Father, he 
was submissive to the end, and gave up the ghost in humble 
resignation, and entered upon the rest of the people of God. 

And the days of Isaac were an hundred and forescore 
years. And Isaac gave up the ghost and died, and was gath- 
ered unto his people, being old and full of days; and his sons 
Esau and Jacob buried him. Gen. 15: 28 — 29. 



104 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 



CHAPTER VI. 

OF JACOB AS A TYPE OF CHRIST. 

We now enter upon the life and charcter of Jacob as a 
type of Christ. Jacob was a man of various fortune and se- 
vere experience. The darling of his mother, he was raised 
tenderly and delicately, but the trials and perils of after life 
hardened him into manhood. A servant in the cause and ser- 
vice of his Master it was his fortune to wander alone in the 
wilderness, and brook and overcome the difficulties and hard- 
ships of a hero, and to manage with the skill of the tactition 
in the various official stations which he occupied through life 
— in all of which God was faithful to his promise in his as- 
sisting grace, and gave him a numerous posterity from whom 
sprang the typical Church of Christ. 

Jacob's eventful career as a public character sets out thus: 
And Jacob went out from Beer-sheba, and went toward 
Haran. And he lighted upon a certain place, and tarried 
there all night, because the sun was set: and he took of the 
stones of that place, and put them for his pillows, and lay 
down in that place to sleep. And he dreamed, and behold, a 
ladder set up on the earth, and the top of it reached the heav- 
en: and behold, the angels of God ascending and descending 
upon it. And behold the Lord stood above it, and Said I am 
the Lord of Abraham thy father, and the God of Isaac: the 
land whereon thou liest, to thee will I give it, and to thy seed. 
And thy seed shall be as the dust of the earth: and 
thou shalt spread abroad to the west, and to the east, and 
to the north, and to the south: and in thee and in thy Seed 
shall all the families of the earth be blessed. And behold, I 
am with thee, and will keep thee in all places whither thou 
goest, and will bring thee again into this land: for 1 will not 
leave thee, until I have done that which I have spoken to thee 
of. Gen. 28: 10—16. 



JACOB A TYPE OF CHRIST. 105 

In the above Covenant with Jacob, we find those of Abra- 
ham, and Isaac renewed, in which always we discover a two- 
fold Trinity. 1. A Spiritual Trinity, m Creation and Legis- 
lation. "And the Lord Said unto Jacob." Here is the Fath- 
er Speaking unto Jacob through the Holy Ghost — as always. 
Hence here is the Father, the Word, and the Holy Ghost, — 
and these Three are One. Jacob is Created, the Mediator, in 
the Typical Trinity in Redemption, and the Persons, in the Com- 
pound Typical Trinity in Redemption, stand thus — the Father, 
Jacob, and the Holy Ghost. The Holy Ghost coming from the 
Father in the Word, and through the Word to Jacob, and 
through Jacob as the mediator to the world. 

Thus the Compound Typical Trinity in Redemption ap- 
pears throughout the mediatorial office of Jacob as follows: 

And Jacob awaked out of his sleep, and he said, Surely the 
Lord is in this place; and 1 knew it not. And he was afraid, 
and said, How dreadful is this place! this is none other but 
the house of God, and this is the gate of heaven. And Ja- 
cob rose up early in the morning, and took the stone that he 
had put for his pillows, and set it up for a pillar, and poured 
oil upon the top of it. And he called the name of that place 
Bethel: but the name of that city was called Luz at the first. 
And Jacob vowed a vow, saying, If God will be with me, 
and will keep me in this way that I go, and will give me bread 
to eat, and raiment to put on, so that I come again to my 
father's house in peace: then shall the Lord be my God. And 
this stone, which I have set for a pillar, shall be God's house: 
and of all that thou shalt give me, I will surely give the tenth 
unto thee. Gen. 28: 16—22. 

In the above act of Jacob in setting up the stone and pour- 
ing oil upon the top of it, the altar and sacrifices are repre- 
sented which always confirmed the Covenant between the 
parties. 

Antitype: And in the morning rising up a great while be- 
fore day, he went out and departed into a solitary place, and 
there prayed. And Simon and they that were witli him, fol- 
lowed after him. And when they had found him, they said 
unto him, All men seek for thee. And he said unto them, 



106 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

Let us go into the next towns, that I may preach there also: 
for therefore came I forth. And he peached in their syna- 
gogues throughout all Galilee, and cast out devils. And there 
came a leper to him, beseeching him, and kneeling down to 
him, and saying unto him, If thou wilt, thou canst make me 
clean. And Jesus, moved with compassion, put forth his hand, 
and touched him, and Saith unto him, I will: be thou clean. 
And as soon as he had Spoken, immediately the leprosy de- 
parted from him, and he was cleansed. Mark 1: 35 — 42. 

The Covenant made and ratified between Jacob and his 
brethren, typical of the Covenant 'and witnesses between Chrst 
and his brethren. 

Type. Now therefore come thou, let us make a Covenant, 
I and thou: and let it be for a witness between me and thee. 
And Jacob took a stone, and set it up for a pillar. And Ja- 
cob said unto his brethren, Gather stones: and they took 
stones, and made a heap: and they did eat there upon the 
heap. And Laban called it Jegar-sahadutha: but Jacob call- 
edit Gilead: and Laban said this heap is a witness between 
me and thee this day. Therefore was the name of it called 
Gilead: and Mizipah: for he said, The Lord watch between 
me and thee, when we are absent one from another. If thou 
shalt afflict my daughters, or if thou shalt take other wives 
besides my daughters; no man is with us; see, God is witness 
betwixt me and thee. And Laban said to Jacob, Behold this 
heap, and behold this pillar, which I have cast betwixt me 
and thee. This heap be witness, and this pillar be winess, 
that I will not pass over this heap to thee, and that thou 
shalt not pass over the heap and this pillar unto me, for 
harm. The God of Abraham, and the God of Nahor, the 
God of their father, judge betwixt us. And Jacob swear by 
the Fear of his father Isaac. Then Jacob offered sacrifice 
upon the mount, and called his brethren to eat bread: and 
they did eat bread, and tarried all night in the mount. And 
early in the morning, Laban rose up, and kissed his sons and 
daughters, and blessed them: and Laban departed, and re- 
turned unto his place. Gen. 31: 44 — 55. 

Antitype. I can of mine own self do nothing: as I hear, 



JACOB A TYPE OP CHRIST. 107 

I judge: and my judgment is just; because I seek not mine 
own will, but the will of the Father which hath sent me. If 
I bear witness of myself, my witness is not true. There is an- 
other which beareth witness of me, and I know that the wit- 
ness which he witnesseth of me is true. Ye sent unto John, 
and he bear witness unto the truth. But I receive not testi- 
mony from man: but these things I Say, that ye might be 
saved. He was a burning and a shining light: and ye were 
willing for a season to rejoice in his light. But I have great- 
er witness than that of John: for the works which the Fath- 
er hath given me to finish, the same works that I do, bear 
witness of me, that the Father hath sent me. And the Fath- 
er himself which hath sent me, hath borne witness of me. Ye 
have neither heard his voice at any time, nor seen his shape. 
And ye have not his Word abiding in you: for whom he hath 
sent him ye believe not. John 5: 30 — 38. 

Jacob's wrestling with God at Peniel is analogous to our 
Savoir's wrestling with the Father in the garden of Geth- 
semane. 

Type. And Jacob was left alone: and there wrestled a 
man with him, until the breaking of the day. And when he 
saw that he prevailed not against him, he touched the hollow 
of his thigh: and the hollow of Jacob's thigh was out of 
joint, as he wrestled with him. And he said, Let me go, for 
the day breaketh: and he said, I will not let thee go, except 
thou bless me. And he said unto him, What is thy name? 
And he said, Jacob. And he said, Thy name shall be called 
no more Jacob, but Israel: for as a prince hast thou power 
with God, and with men, and hast prevailed. And Jacob 
asked him, and said, Tell me, I pray thee, thy name: and he 
said, Wherefore is it that thou dost ask after my name? And 
he blessed him there. And Jacob called the name of the 
place Peniel: for I have seen God face to face, and my life is 
preserved. And as he passed Penuel, the sun rose upon him, 
and he halted upon his thigh. Therefore the children of Is- 
rael eat not of the sinew which shrank, which is upon the 
hollow of the thigh, unto this day: because he touched the hollow 
of Jacob's thigh in the sinew that shrank. Gen. 32: 24 — 32. 



108 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

Antitype. Then cometh Jesus with them unto a place 
called G-ethsemane, and Saith unto his disciples, Sit ye here 
while I go and pray yonder. And he took with him Peter, and 
the two sons of Zebedee, and began to be sorrowful and very 
heavy. Then Saith he unto them, My soul is exceeding sor- 
rowful, even unto death: tarry ye here, and watch with me. 
And he went out a little further and fell on his face, and 
prayed, saying, my Father, if it be possible, let this cup 
pass from me, nevertheless, not as I will, but as thou wilt. 
And he cometh unto his disciples and findeth them asleep, 
and Saith unto Peter, What ! could ye not watch with me one 
hour? Watch and pray, that ye enter not into temptation: 
the spirit is indeed willing, but the flesh is weak. He went 
away the second time and prayed, saying, my Father, if 
this cup may not pass away from me, except I drink it, thy 
will be done. And he came back and found them asleep 
again: for their eyes were heavy. And he left them and went 
away again, and prayed the third time, saying the same words. 
Then com,eth he to his disciples, and Saith, unto them, Sleep on 
now and take your rest: behold the hour is at hand, the Son 
of man is betrayed into the hands of sinners. Rise, let us 
be going: behold, he is at hand that doth betray me. Mat. 
26: 36—46. 

The next and last acts of Jacob's which we shall notice as 
a type of Christ, are the blessings which in the Spirit of 
prophecy, he pronounced on his sons, the place where they 
should bury him, the cave in the field of Machpelah, where 
were burried his grandfather and mother, Abraham and Sa- 
rah, his father and mother, Isaac and Rebecka, and where he 
buried Leah, one of his own wives. 

Type. All these are the twelve tribes of Israel: and this 
is it that their father spake unto them, and blessed them: ev- 
ery one according to his blessing he blessed them. And he 
charged them, and said unto them, I am to be gathered unto 
my people: bury me with my fathers in the cave that is in 
the field of Ephron the Hittite. In the cave that is in the 
field of Machphelah, which is before Mamre, in the land of 
Canaan, which Abraham bought with the field of Ephron 



JACOB A TYPE OF CHRIST. 109 



the Hittile, for a possession of a burying-place. (Here they 
buried Abraham and Sarah his wife: there they buried Isaac 
and Rebekah his wife; and there I buried Leah.) The pur- 
chase of the field and of the cave that is therein, was from 
the children of Heth. And when Jacob had made an end of 
commanding his sons, he gathered up his feet into the bed, 
and yielded up the ghost, and was gathered unto his people. 
Gen. 49: 28—33. 

Antitype. And one of the malefactors, which were hanged, 
railed on him, saying, If thou be Christ, save thyself and us. 
But the other answering, rebuked him, saying, Dost not thou 
fear God, seeing thou art in the same condemnation ? And 
we indeed justly; for we receive the due reward of our deeds: 
but this man hath done nothing amiss. And he said unto 
Jesus, Lord remember me when thou comest into thy kingdom. 
And Jesus Said unto him, Verily I say unto thee, To-day shalt 
thou be with me in paradise. And it was about the sixth 
hour, and there was a darkness all over the earth until the 
ninth hour. And the sun was darkened, and the vail of the 
temple was rent in the midst. And when Jesus had cried 
with a loud voice, he Said, Father, into thy hands I commend 
my spirit: and having said this, he gave up the ghost. Now 
when the centurian saw what was done, he glorifieed God, 
saying, Certainly this was a righteous man. And all the 
people that came to see that sight, beholding the things which 
were done, smote their breasts and returned. And all his 
acquaintance, and the women that followed him from Gali- 
lee, stood afar off beholding these things. Luke 23: 39 — 49. 

We come to the closing scene of Jacob, his embalming and 
burial, between which incidents and the analogous circum- 
stances in embalming and burying of Jesus the Son of Mary, 
there are remarkable coincidences. 

And Joseph fell upon his father's face, and wept upon him, 
and kissed him. And Joseph commanded his servants the 
physicians to embalm his father: and the physicians embalm- 
ed Israel. And after forty days were fulfilled for him; for 
so are fulfilled the days of those which are embalmed: and 
the Egyptians mourned for him threescore and ten days. And 



110 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

when the days of his mourning were past, Joseph spake im* 
to the house of Pharaoh, saying, If now I have found grace 
in your eyes, speak, I pray you. in the ears of Pharaoh, say- 
ing, My father made me swear saying, Lo, I die: in my grave 
which I have digged for me in the land of Canaan, there 
shalt thou bury me. Now therefore let me go up, and bury my 
father, and I will come again. And Pharaoh said, Go up, 
and bury thy father, according as he made thee swear. And 
Joseph went to bury his father: and with him went all the 
servants of Pharaoh, the elders of his house, and all the el- 
ders of the land of Egypt, and all the house of Joseph, and 
his brethren, and his father's house: only their little ones, 
and their flocks, and their herds, they left in the land of Gosh- 
en. And there went up with them both chariots and horse- 
men: and it was a very great company. And they came to 
the threshing-floor of Atad, which is beyond Jordan, and there 
they mourned with a great and very sore lamentation: and 
he made a mourning for his father seven days. And when 
the inhabitants of the land, the Canaanites, saw the mourn- 
ing in the floor of Atad, they said, This is a grievous mourn- 
ing to the Egyptians: wherefore the name of it was called 
Abel-mizraim, which is beyond Jordan. And his sons did un- 
to him according as he commanded them: for his sons carried 
him into the land of Canaan and buried him in the cave of 
the field of Machphelah, which Abraham bought with the 
field for a possession of a burying-place of Ephron the Hit- 
tite, before Mamre. And Joseph returned into Egypt, he 
and his brethren, and all that went up with him to bury his 
father, after he had buried his father. Gen. 50: 1 — 14. 

Antitype. And after this, Joseph of Arimathea (being a 
disciple of Jesus, but secretly for fear of the Jews, besought 
Pilate that he might take away the body of Jesus, and Pilate 
gave him leave. He came therefore and took the body of Jesus. 
And there came also Nicodemus (which at the first came by 
night) and brought a mixture of myrrh and aloes, about an 
hundred pound weight. Then took they the body of Jusus, and 
wound it in linen clothes with the spices, as the manner of the 
Jews is to bury. Now in the place where he was crucified. 



JACOB A TYPE OP CHRIST. Ill 

there was a garden; and in the garden anew sepulchre, where- 
in was never man yet laid. There laid they Jesus therefore, 
because of the Jews' preparation-day; for the sepulchre was 
nigh at hand. John 19: 38—42. 

Thus have we in a cursory manner past the life and char- 
acter of Jacob as a prominent type of Christ. He was a 
man as was mentioned in the introduction of his character, 
of various fortune, and severe experience, and these changes 
and rough touches, hardened the tender youth into the vigor 
of manhood. To a perception naturally quick and sagacious, 
he added promptness and decision of character, and the trials 
and perils through which he passed in the various avocations 
of his life, but sharpened his intellect, aud stamped his char- 
acter with a firmness and solidity which rendered it imperve- 
ous to the fluctuations of fortune and the evanescent events 
of mortal life. Faith in God's promises was the star of his 
hope and the anchor of his soul, and the God of Israel being 
the arm of his strength, with unwavering confidence and un- 
daunted courage he persevered through every difficulty and 
was always Israel — who overcome. 

His name and character stands in prominent relief in the 
annals of the Jewish and Christian Churches, and in the 
march of time they become brighter by investigation and 
comparison. 'And when Jacob had made an end of comman- 
ding his sons, he gathered up his feet into the bed, and yiel- 
ded up the ghost, and was gathered unto his people' at thf 
age of one hundred and twenty-seven years. 



112 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 



CHAPTER VII. 

JOSEPH A TYPE OF CHRIST. 

We now enter upon the life and character, as well as the 
offices of Joseph, the son of the patriarch Jacob, 

It frequently happened in the era of the Abrahamic Cove- 
nant, that several types lived and acted at the same time. — 
It was the case in parts of the lives of Abraham and Isaac, 
of Moses and Aaron, and many of the prophets, who were 
all types of Christ, lived in the same age of the world, and 
and here in the case of Jacob and his son Joseph, fifty-six 
years of their respective lives were together. Hence the 
Covenant with Jacob, was that with Joseph. 

The first remarkable events in the history of Joseph's life, 
are his coat of many colors, his dreams, and his being sold to 
the Ishmaelites for twenty pieces of silver. 

Type. Now Israel loved Joseph more than all his children, 
because he was the son of his old age: and he made him a 
coat of many colors. And when his brethren saw that their 
father loved him more than all his brethren, they hated him, 
and could not speak peaceably unto him. Gen. 37: 3, 4. 

Antitype. Then cometh Jesus from Galilee to Jordan 
unto John, to be baptized of him. But John forbade him, 
saying, I have need to be baptized of thee, and comest thou 
to me? And Jesus answering Said unto him, Suffer it to be 
so now: for thus it becometh us to fulfill all righteousness. 
Then he suffered him. And Jesus, when he was baptized, 
went up straightway out of the water: and lo, the heavens 
were opened unto him, and he saw the Spirit of God descend- 
ing like a dove, and lighting upon him: and lo, a voice from 
heaven, Saying, This is my beloved Son, in whom I am well 
pleased. Mat. 3: 13—17. 

Type. And Joseph dreamed a dream, and he told it his 
brethren: and they hated him yet the more. And he said 



JOSEPH A TYPE OF CHRIST. 113 

unto them, bear I pray you, this dream which I have dreamed: 
For behold, we were binding sheaves in the field, and lo, my 
sheaf arose, and also stood upright; and behold, your sheaves 
stood round about, and made obeisance to my sheaf. And 
his brethren said to him, Shalt thou indeed reign over us ? 
or shalt thou indeed have dominion over us? And they 
hated him yet the more for his dreams and for his words. — 
And he dreamed yet another dream, and told it his brethren, 
and said, Behold, I have dreamed a dream more: and behold, 
the sun and the moon and the eleven stars made obeisance 
to me. And he told it to his father, and to his brethren: 
and his father rebuked him, and said unto him, What is this 
dream that thou hast dreamed? Shall I and thy mother and 
thy brethren indeed come to bow down ourselves to thee 
to the earth? And his brethren envied him; but his father 
observed the saying. Gen. 37: 5 — 11. 

Antitype. Hear another parable; There was a certain 
householder, which planted a vineyard, and hedged it round 
about, and digged a wine-press in it, and built a tower, and 
let it out to husbandmen, and went into a far country: and 
when the time of fruit drew near, he sent his servants to the 
husbandmen, that they might receive the fruits of it. And 
the husbandmen took the servants, and beat one, and killed 
another, and stoned another. Again he sent other servants 
more than the first: and they did unto them likewise. But 
last of all, he sent unto them his son, saying, They will rev- 
erence my son. But when the husbandmen saw the son, they 
said among themselves, This is the heir, come, let us kill him, 
and let us seize on his inheritance. Jind they caught him, and 
cast him out of the vineyard, and slew him. When the lord 
therefore of the vineyard cometh, what will he do unto those 
husbandmen? They say unto him, He will miserably destroy 
those wicked men, and will let out his vineyard unto other 
husbandmen, which shall render him the fruits in their season. 
Mat. 21: 33—41. 

Joseph being sold to the Midianitish merchants for twenty 
pieces of silver, typical of our Savior's being sold to the chief 
priests and elders for thirty pieces of silver. 
8 



114 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

Type. And it came to pass when Joseph was come unto 
his brethren, that they stript Joseph out of his coat, his coat 
of many colors that was on him. And they took him, and 
cast him into a pit: and the pit was empty, there was no 
water in it. And they sat down to eat bread: and they 
lifted up their eyes and looked, and behold, a company of 
Ishmaelites came down from Gilead, with their camels bear* 
ing spices, and balm, and myrrh, going to carry it down to 
Egypt. And Judah said unto his brethren, What profit is 
it if we slay our brother, and conceal his blood. Come, and 
let us sell him to the Ishmaelites, and let not our hand be 
upon him; for he is our brother, and our flesh: and his 
brethren were content. Then there passed by Midianites, 
merchant-men; and they drew and lifted up Joseph out of 
the pit, and sold Joseph to the Ishmaelites for twenty pieces 
of silver: and they brought Joseph into Egypt. And 
Reuben returned unto the pit; and behold, Joseph was not 
in the pit: and he rent his clothes. And he returned unto 
his brethren, and said, The child is not: and I, whither shall 
I go? And they took Joseph's coat, and killed a kid of the 
goats, and dipped the coat in the blood: and they sent the 
coat of many colors, and they brought it to their father; and 
said, This have we found: know now whether it be thy son's 
coat or no. And he knew it, and said, It is my son's coat; 
an evil beast hath devoured him: Joseph is without doubt 
rent in pieces. And Jacob rent his clothes, and put sack- 
cloth upon his loins, and mourned for his son many days. — 
And all his sons and all his daughters rose up to comfort 
him; but he refused to be comforted; and he said, For I will 
go down into the grave unto my son mourning. Thus his 
father wept for him. And the Midianites sold him into 
Egypt unto Potiphar, an officer of Pharaoh's and captain of 
the guard. Gen. 37: 23—86. 

It may be just necessary to remark here, that the blood of 
the kid which Joseph's brethren killed, and in which they 
dipped his coat, was typical of the blood of Christ, and rat- 
ified and confirmed the Covenant with Joseph as mediator. 
between the Father and the people. 






JOSEPH A TYPE OF CHRIST. 115 

Antitype. Then one of the twelve, called Judas Iscariot, 
went unto the chief priests, and said unto them, What will 
ye give me, and I will deliver him unto you? And they cov- 
enanted with him for thirty pieces of silver. And from that 
time he sought opportunity to betray him. Mat. 26: 14 — 16. 

Again: Then came the soldiers, and brake the legs of the 
first, and of the other which was crucified with him. But 
when they came to Jesus, and saw that he was dead already, 
they brake not his legs: but one of the soldiers with a spear 
pierced his side, and forthwith came thereout blood and water. 
And he that saw it, bare record, and his record is true: and 
he knoweth that he saith true, that ye might believe. For 
these things were done, that the scripture should be fulfilled, 
A bone of him shall not be broken. And again another 
scripture saith, They shall look on him whom they pierced. 
John 19: 32—37. 

Joseph being carried into Egypt and sold to Potiphar, by 
his integrity and wisdom is soon advanced to the superin- 
tendency of the household and kingdom of Egypt. Hear 
the history of his case as given by the inspired writer: 

Type. And Joseph was brought down to Egypt: and Po- 
tiphar, an officer of Pharaoh, captain of the guard, an Egyp- 
tian, bought him of the hands of the Ishmaelites, which had 
brought him down thither. And the Lord was with Joseph, 
and he was a prosperous man: and he was in the house of 
his master the Egyptian. And his master saw that the Lord 
was with him, and that the Lord made all that he did to 
prosper in his hand. And Joseph found grace in his sight. 
and he served him: and he made him overseer over his house, 
and all that he had he put into his hand. And it came to pass 
from the time that he had made him overseer in his house. 
and over all that he had, that the Lord blessed the Egyptian's 
house for Joseph's sake; and the blessing of the Lord was 
upon all that he had in the house, and in the field. And he 
left all that he had in Joseph's hand; and he knew not aught 
he had, save the bread which he did eat: and Joseph was a 
goodly person, and well-favored. Gen. 39: 1 — 6. 

Antitype. Then cometh the end, when he shall have de- 



116 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

livered up the kingdom to God, even the Father; when he 
shall have put down all rule, and all authority, and power. 
For he must reign, till he hath put all enemies under his feet. — 
The last enemy that shall be destroyed is death. For he hath 
put all things under his feet. But when he Saith all things 
are put under him, it is manifest that he is excepted which did 
put all things under him. And when all things shall be sub- 
dued unto him, then shall the Son also himself be subject 
unto him that put all things under him, that God may be all 
in all. 1 Cor. 15: 25—28. 

Joseph interpreted Pharaoh's dreams of fat and lean kine, 
and of the full and thin ears of corn. 

Type. And Joseph said unto Pharaoh, The dream of 
Pharaoh is one. God hath shewed Pharaoh what he is about 
to do. The seven good kine are seven years: and the seven 
good ears a' e seven years: the dream is one. And the seven 
thin and ill-favored kine that came after them are seven 
years; and the seven empty ears blasted with the east wind 
shall be seven years of famine. This is the thing which I 
have spoken unto Pharaoh: what God is about to do he 
sheweth unto Pharaoh. Behold, there come seven years of 
great plenty throughout all the land of Egypt: and there 
shall arise after them seven years of famine; and all the 
plenty shall be forgotten in the land of Egypt; and the famine 
shall consume the land: and the plenty shall not be known 
in the land by reason of the famine following: for it shall 
be very grievous. And for that the dream was doubled unto 
Pharaoh twice; it is because the thing is established by God, 
and God will shortly bring it to pass. Now therefore let 
Pharaoh look out a man discreet and wise, and set him over 
the land of Egypt. Let Pharaoh do this, let him appoint 
officers over the land, and take up the fifth part of the land 
of Egypt in the seven plenteous years. And let him gather 
all the food of those good years that come, and lay up corn 
under the hand of Pharaoh; and let them keep food in the 
cities. And that food shall be for store to the land against 
the seven years of famine, which shall be in the land of 
Egypt; that the land perish not through the famine. Gen. 
41: 25—37. 



JOSEPH A TYPE OF CHRTST. 117 

Antitype. And unto tbe angel of the church of the Lao- 
diceans write: These things Saith the Amen, the faithful and 
true Witness, the beginning of the creation of God; I know 
thy works, that thou art neither cold nor hot: I would thou 
wert cold or hot. So then, because thou art lukewarm, 
and neither cold or hot, I will spew thee out of my mouth: 
because thou sayest, I am rich, and increased with goods, and 
have need of nothing, and knowest not that thou art wretched, 
and miserable, and poor, and blind, and naked: I counsel thee 
to buy of me gold tried in the fire, that thou may est be rich; and 
white raiment, that thou may est be clothed, and that the shame 
of thy nakedness doth not appear; and anoint thine eyes with 
eye-salve, that thou mayst see.. As many as I love, 1 rebuke 
and chasten: be zealous therefore, and repent. Behold, I 
stand at the door, and knock: if any man hear my voice, 
and open the door, I will come in to him, and sup with him, 
and he with me. To him that overcometh will I grant to 
sit with me in my throne, even as I also overcame, and set 
down with my Father in his throne. He that hath an ear, 
let him hear what the Spirit Saith unto the churches. Rev. 
3: 14—22. 

Joseph's buying corn and laying it up in store, symbolical 
of the plenteousness of redemption in Christ Jesus, his An- 
titype, unto whom all are invited to come and buy milk and 
wine, without money and without price. 

Type. And Joseph was thirty years old when he stood 
before Pharaoh king of Egypt: and Joseph went out from 
the presence of Pharaoh, and went throughout all the land 
of Egypt. And in the seven plenteous years the earth 
brought forth by handfuls. And he gathered up all the food 
of the seven years which were in the land of Egypt, and 
laid up the food in the cities: the food of the field which 
was round about every city, laid he up the same. And 
Joseph gathered corn as the sand of the sea, very much, 
until he left numbering; for it was without number* And 
unto Joseph were born two sons before the years of the fam- 
ine came: which Asenath the daughter of Poti-pherah priest 
of On bare unto him. And Joseph called the name of the 



118 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

first-born Manasseh; For God, said he, hath made me forget 
all my toil, and all my father's house. And the name of the 
second called he Ephraim: For God hath caused me to be 
fruitful in the land of my affliction. And the seven years of 
plenteousness that was in the land of Egypt, were ended. — 
And the seven years of dearth began to come, according as 
Joseph had said: and the dearth was in all lands; but in all 
the land of Egypt there was bread. And when all the land 
of Egypt was famished, the people cried to Pharaoh for 
bread: and Pharaoh said unto all the Egyptians, Go unto 
Joseph; what he saith unto you, do. And the famine was 
over all the face of the earth: and Joseph opened all the 
store-houses, and sold unto the Egyptians; and the famine 
waxed sore in the land of Egypt. And all countries came 
into Egypt to Joseph for to buy corn; because that the 
famine was so sore in all lands. Gen. 41: 46 — 57. 

Antitype. Jesus answered them and Said, Verily, verily r 
I say unto you, Ye seek me, not because ye saw the miracles, 
but because ye did eat of the loaves, and were filled. Labor 
not for the meat which perisheth, but for that meat which 
endureth to everlasting life, which the Son of man shall give 
unto you: for him hath God the Father sealed. Then said 
they unto him, What shall we do that we might work the 
works of God? Jesus answered and Said unto them, This 
is the work of God, that ye believe on him whom he hath 
sent. They said therefore unto him, What sign shewest thou 
then, that we may see, and believe thee? what dost thou 
work? Our fathers did eat manna in the desert; as it is 
written, He gave them bread from heaven to eat. Then Jesus 
Said unto them, Verily, verily, I Say unto you, Moses gave 
you not that bread from heaven; but my Father giveth you 
the true bread from heaven. For the bread of God is he which 
cometh down from heaven, and giveth life unto the world. Then 
said they unto him, Lord, ever more give us this bread. And 
Jesus Said unto them, I am the bread of life: he that cometh 
to me, shall never hunger; and he that believeth on me, shall 
never thirst. But I Said unto you, That ye also have seen 
me, and believe not. All that the Father giveth me, shall 



JOSEPH A TYPE OP CHRIST. 119 



come to me; and him that cometh to me, I will in no wise 
cast out. For I came down from heaven, not to do mine 
own will, but the will of him that sent me. And this is the 
Father's will which hath sent me, that of all which he hath 
given me, I should lose nothing, but should raise it up again 
at the last day. And this is the will of him that sent me, 
that every one which seeth the Son, and believeth on him, 
may have everlasting life: and I will raise him up at the last 
day. John 6: 26—40. 

We feel constrained, for the satisfaction of the reader, to 
make a passing remark on the Sonship of Christ, as taken in 
the above connection. When our Savior Says, he came 
down from heaven, he does not mean his human body, for that 
was never in heaven until his ascension after the resurrection. 
To say otherwise, would be a palpable contradiction of all that 
is said, and all that occurred in relation to his being made 
of a woman, begotten by the Holy Ghost, born of the virgin, 
&c, which would be an absurdity. But his meaning in 
coming down from heaven, refers to the Spirit of the Father 
which dwelt in him, and who is declared to be sent in many 
places in the scriptures, as has been abundantly shown. And 
this Spirit is also the bread of life, which the Savior declares 
is the life of the world, and not his human body; for I presume 
none suppose that we eat literally the body of the Son of 
Mary. It is the Holy Ghost which dwelt in the humanity of 
the Savior which came down from heaven, and begat the 
human body of Christ in the womb of the virgin; and it is 
by virtue of the crucifixion of the human body of Christ, that 
the Holy Ghost comes to the world as the Bread of life. 

Because of the union of the Divinity and humanity in the 
Person of Christ, that which is proper to one nature, is some- 
times in the Scriptures attributed to the Person denominated 
by the other nature, and the proper Person in all such cases 
must be determined by the context. 

The famine in Canaan drives Joseph's brethren to Egypt 
to buy corn. They come, and according to the dream of 
Joseph, they make obeisance to him by bowing themselves to 
the earth before him. 



120 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

Type. Now when Jacob saw there was corn in Egypt, 
Jacob said unto his sons, Why do ye look one upon another? 
And he said, Behold I have heard that there is corn in 
Egypt: get you down thither, and buy for us from thence; 
that we may live, and not die. And Joseph's ten brethren 
went down to buy corn in Egypt. But Benjamin, Joseph's 
brother, Jacob sent not with his brethren: for he said, Lest 
peradventure mischief befall him. And the sons of Israel 
came to buy corn among those that came: for the famine was 
in the land of Canaan. And Joseph was the governor over 
the land, and he it was that sold to all the people of the land; 
and Joseph's brethren came, and bowed down themselves before 
him with their faces to the earth. And Joseph saw his breth- 
ren, and he'knew them, but made himself strange unto them, 
and spake roughly unto them; and he said unto them, Whence 
come ye? And they said, From the land of Canaan to buy 
food. And Joseph knew his brethren, but they knew him 
not. And Joseph remembered the dreams which he dreamed 
of them, and said unto them, Ye are spies: to see the naked- 
ness of the land ye are come. Gen. 42: 1 — 9. 

And behold, two of them went that same day to a village 
called Emmaus which was from Jerusalem about threescore 
furlongs. And they talked together of all these things which 
had happened. And it came to pass, that, while they com- 
muned together, and reasoned, Jesus himself drew near, and 
went with them. But their eyes were holden, that they should 
not know him. And he Said unto them, What manner of 
communications are these that ye have one to another, as ye 
walk, and are sad? And the one of them, whose name was 
Cleopas, answering, said unto him, Art thou only a stranger 
in Jerusalem, and hast not known the things which are come 
to pass there in these days? And he Said unto them. What 
things? And they said unto him. Concerning Jesus of Naz- 
areth, which was a prophet mighty in deed and word before 
God, and all the people: and how the chief priests and 
our rulers delivered him to be condemned to death, and have 
crucified him. Luke 24: 13 — 20. 

Jacob consents to let Benjamin go, in order to get corn 



JOSEPH A TYPE OF CHRIST. 121 

and prevent starvation. They are received by Joseph, and 
kindly treated, and feasted. 

Type. And when Joseph came home, they brought him the 
present which was in their hand into the house, and bowed 
themselves to him to the earth. And he asked them of their 
welfare, and said, Is your father well, the old man of whom 
ye spake? Is he yet alive? And they answered, Thy 
servant our father, is in good health, he is yet alive: and they 
bowed down their heads, and made obeisance. And he lifted up 
his eyes, and saw his brother Benjamin, his mother's son, and 
said, Is this your younger brother, of whom ye spake unto me? 
And he said, God be gracious unto thee, my son. And 
Joseph made haste; for his bowels did yearn upon his brother: 
and he sought where to weep; and he entered into his cham- 
ber, and wept there. And he washed his face, and went out. 
and refrained himself, and said, Set on bread. And they set 
on for him by himself, and for them by themselves, and for 
the Egyptians which did eat with him, by themselves: be- 
cause the Egyptians might not eat bread with the Hebrews; 
for that is an abomination unto the Egyptians. And they 
sat before him, the first-born according to his birth right, 
and the youngest according to his youth: and the men mar- 
veled one at another. And he took and sent messes unto 
them from before him: but Benjamin's mess was five times 
so much as any of theirs. And they drank and made merry with 
him. Gen. 43: 26—34. 

Antitype. But rather seek ye the kingdom of God, and 
all these things shall be added nnto you. Fear not, little 
flock; for it is your Father's good pleasure to give you the 
kingdom. Sell that ye have, and give alms: provide your- 
selves bags which wax not old, a treasure in the heavens that 
faileth not, where no thief approacheth, neither moth corrupt- 
ed). For where your treasure is, there will your heart be 
also. Ler your loins be girded about, and your lights burn- 
ing; and ye yourselves like unto men that wait for their 
lord, when he will return from the wedding; that, when he 
cometh and knockcth, they may open unto him immediately. 
Blessed are those servants, whom the lord when he cometh 



122 EXPOSITION OP THE TRINITIES. 

shall find watching; verily I Say unto you, that he shall gird 
himself, and make them to sit down to meat, and will come forth 
and serve them. And if he shall come in the second watch, or 
shall come in the third watch, and find them so, blessed are 
those servants. Luke 12: 31 — 38. 

Jacob and his household come down into Egypt, and pre- 
sented themselves to Joseph, who receives them affectionate- 
ly, intercedes with the king in their behalf, and obtains for 
them the land of Goshen, as a resting place and a home for all 
that they had. 

Type. And he sent Judah before him unto Joseph, to di- 
rect his face unto Goshen; and they came into the land of 
Goshen. And Joseph made ready his chariot, and went up 
to meet Israel his father to Goshen; and presented himself 
unto him; and he fell on his neck, and wept on his neck a 
good while. And Israel said unto Joseph, Now let me die, 
since I have seen thy face, because thou art yet alive. And 
Joseph said unto his brethren, and unto his father's house, I 
will go up, and shew Pharaoh, and say unto him, My breth- 
ren, and my father's house, which were in the land of Canaan, 
are come unto me; and the men are shepherds, for their 
trade hath been to feed cattle ; and they have brought 
their flocks, and their herds, and all that they have. And it 
shall come to pass, when Pharaoh shall call you, and shall 
say, What is your occupation ? That ye shall say, Thy ser- 
vants' trade hath been about cattle from our youth even un- 
til now, both we and also our fathers; that ye may dwell in 
the land of Goshen; for every shepherd is an abomination 
unto the Egyptians. Gen. 46: 28—34. 

Antitype. At that time Jesus answered and Said, I thank 
thee, Father, Lord of heaven and earth, because thou hast 
hid these things from the wise and prudent, and hast reveal- 
ed them unto babes. Even so, Father, for so it seemed good 
in thy sight. All things are delivered unto me of my Father; 
and no man knoweth the Son, but the Father; neither know- 
eth any man the Father, save the Son, and he to whomsoever 
the Son will reveal him. Come unto me all ye that labor, and 
are heavy laden, and I will give you rest. Take my yoke upon 



JOSEPH A TYPE OF CHRIST. 123 

you, and learn of me: for I am meek and lowly in heart; and 
ye shall find rest unto your souls. For my yoke is easy, and my 
burden is light. Matt. 11: 25—30. 

Joseph's brethren implore of him forgiveness for their tres- 
passes and sins which they had perpetrated against him, and 
Joseph bids them, Fear not, for he was in the place of God. 

Type. And when Joseph's brethren saw that their father 
was dead, they said, Joseph will peradventure hate us, and 
will certainly requite us all the evil which we did unto him. 
And they sent a messenger unto Joseph, saying, Thy father 
did command before he died, saying, So shall ye say unto Jo- 
seph, Forgive, I pray thee now, the trespass of thy brethren, 
and their sin; for they did unto thee evil: and now, we pray 
thee, forgive the trespass of the servants of the God of thy 
father. And Joseph wept when they spake unto him. And 
his brethren also went and fell down before his face: and they 
said, Behold we be thy servants. And Joseph said unto them, 
Fear not: for am I in the place of God? But as for you, ye 
thought evil against me; but God meant it unto good, to 
bring to pass, as it is this day, to save much people alive. 
Now therefore fear ye not: I will nourish you, and your lit- 
tle ones. And he comforted them, and spake kindly unto 
them. Gen. 50: 15—21. 

Antitype. And one of the Pharisees desired him that he 
would eat with him. And he went into the Pharisee's house, 
and sat down to eat. And behold a woman in the city, which 
was a sinner, when she knew that Jesus sat at meat in the 
Pharisee's house, brought an alabaster-box of ointment, and 
stood at his feet behind him weeping, and began to wash his 
feet with tears, and did wipe them with the hairs of her head, 
and kissed his feet, and anointed them with the ointment. 
Now when the Pharisee which had bidden him, saw it, he 
spake within himself, saying, This man, if he were a prophet, 
would have known what manner of woman this is that touch- 
eth him: for she is a sinner. And Jesus answering, Said un- 
to him, Simon, I have somewhat to say unto thee. And he 
saith Master, say on. There was a certain creditor, which 
had two debtors: the one owed five hundred pence, and the 



124 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

other fifty. And when they had nothing to pay, he frankly 
forgave them both. Tell me therefore, which of them will 
love him most ? Simon answered and said, I suppose that he, 
to whom he forgave most. And he Said unto him, Thou hast 
rightly judged. And he turned to the woman, and said unto 
Simon, Seest thou this woman? I entered into thine house, 
thou gavest me no water for my feet: but she hath washed 
my feet with tears, and wiped them with the hairs of her 
head. Thou gavest me no kiss: but this woman, since the 
time I came in, hath not ceased to kiss my feet. Mine head 
with oil thou dist not anoint: but this woman hath anointed 
my feet with ointment. Wherefore I Say unto thee, Her sins, 
which are many, are forgiven; for she loved much: but to whom 
little is forgiven the same loveth little. And he Said unto 
her, Thy sins are forgiven. And they that sat at meat with 
him, began to say within themselves, Who is this that forgiveth 
sins also ? And he Said to the woman, Thy faith hath saved 
thee. Luke 7: 36—50. 

Joseph's posterity, death, and interment, typical of Christ. 

Type. And Joseph dwelt in Egypt, he and his father's 
house: and Joseph lived an hundred and ten years. And Jo- 
seph saw Ephraim's chhildren of the third generation: the 
children aslo of Machir, the son of Manasseh, were brought 
up upon Joseph's knees. And Joseph said unto his brethren, 
I die; and God will surely visit you, and bring you out of this 
land, unto the land which he sware to Abraham, to Isaac, and 
to Jacob. And Joseph took an oath of the children of Is- 
rael, saying, God will surely visit you, and ye shall carry up 
my bones from hence. So Joseph died being an hundred and 
ten years old: and they embalmed him and he was put in a 
coffin in Egypt. Gen. 50: 22—26. 

Antitype. And after this. Joseph of Arimathea (being a 
disciple of Jesus, but secretly for fear of the Jews) besought 
Pilate that he might take away the body of Jesus: and Pilate 
gave him leave. He came therefore and took the body of 
Jesus. And there came also Nicodemus (which at the first 
came to Jesus by night) and brought a mixture of myrrh and 
aloes, about an hundred pound weight. Then took they the body 



JOSEPH A TYPE OF CHRIST. 125 

of Jesus, and wound it in linen clothes with the spices, as the 
manner of the Jews is to bury. Now in the place where he 
was crucified, there was a garden; and in the garden a new 
sepulchre, wherein was never man yet laid. There laid they 
Jesus therefore, because of the Jews' preparation-day: for the 
sepulchre was nigh at hand. John 19: 37 — 42. 

The carrying of the bones of Joseph by Moses from Egypt, 
and their being buried in Shechem in Canaan, typical of the 
resurrection of Christ and his ascension into heaven. 

Type. And Moses took the bones of Joseph with him; for 
he had straitly sworn the children of Israel, saying, God will 
surely visit you; and ye shall carry up my bones away hence with 
you. Ex. 13: 19. And the bones of Joseph which the chil- 
dren of Israel brought up out of Egypt, buried they in Shec- 
hem, in a parcel ot ground which Jacob bought of the sons 
of Hamor, the father of Shechem for a hundred pieces of sil- 
ver, and it became the inheritance of the children of Joseph. 

Antitype. Now upon the first day of the week, very ear- 
ly in the morning, they came unto the sepulchre, bringing the 
spices which they had prepared, and certain others with them. 
And they entered in, and found not the body of the Lord Je- 
sus. And it came to pass, as they were much perplexed there- 
about, behold, two men stood by them in shining garments. 
And as they were afraid, and bowed down their faces to the 
earth, they said unto them, Why seek ye the living among the 
dead ? He is not here, but is risen. Remember how he Spake 
unto you when he was yet in Galilee, Saying, The Son of man 
must be delivered into the hands of sinful men, and be cruci- 
fied, and the third day rise again. And they remembered his 
words. And returned from the sepulchre, and told these 
things unto the eleven, and all the rest. Luke 24: 1 — 9. 
And he led them out as far as to Bethany: and he lifted up 
his hands, and blessed them. And it came to pass, while he 
blessed them, he was parted from them, and carried up into heav- 
en. And they worshipped him, and returned to Jerusalem 
with great joy: and were continually in the temple, praising 
and blessing God. Luke 24: 50—53. 

We have concluded the life and character of Joseph as a 



126 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

type of Christ, in which there are many astonishing exhibi- 
tions of Providence connected with the free agency of man. 
In considering each abstractly, the wonderful events which 
occurred during the mediatorship of Joseph, would seem to 
have been brought to pass by the volition of man exclusively. 
and yet in all there was a purpose, and an overruling Provi- 
dence which on the other hand would seem to be the exclu- 
sive sovereignty of the Father guiding and directing every 
minutiae of each event to the accomplishment of the single 
design of holding up to the gaze of the world the astonishing 
panorama of the family of Jacob as an illustration of the 
gospel Dispensation, under Christ the great head of the 
Church. And in view of the connection and yet distinct ac- 
tion of each agency, we are constrained to exclaim in the 
language of the Apostle, "0 the depth of the riches, both of 
the wisdom and knowledge of God ! how unsearchable are 
his judgments, and his ways past finding out." 

"Thy ways God. are in the sea, 

Thy paths I cannot trace. 

Behind a frowning providence 

Thou hid'st a smiling face/' 

Joseph is justly appreciated as among the most illustrious 
and worthy characters of ancient or modern times. His stern 
and untarnished virtue, his wisdom as a statesman, his sym- 
pathy for his subjects and his brethren, his devotedness and 
integrity to the cause of his king, and the weal of the king- 
dom all combined to render him the benefactor of his race, 
an example to the Church of Christ, and a light to the 
world. 

So Joseph died, being and hundred and ten years old: and 
they embalmed him, and he was put in a coffin in Egypt. 
Gen. 50: 26. 



MOSES A TYPE OF CHRIST. 127 



AN EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

»«^»».>» 

IP^iR/r THIRD. 

CHAPTER I. 

OF THE MOSAIC DISPENSATION, AND MOSES AS A TYPE OF CHRIST. 

We now enter upon the life, character, and mediatorship of 
Moses, the servant of God. 

The era of the mediatorship, and typical character of Mo- 
ses, is fraught with greater vicissitudes of fortune, and more 
astounding and wonderful miraculous events, and clearer il- 
lustrations of the coming Messiah, and of the gospel Dispen- 
sation, than any other era that preceded it. Nothing could 
be more interesting to a contemplative mind than to trace the 
wonderful analogy between the life, offices and character of 
the type and the Antitype. 

Moses was the son of Amram, and Jochebed of the tribe 
of Levi. He was born in Egypt in the year of the world 
2433, and before Christ, 1571. And his birth was on this 
wise. 

Type. And there went a man of the house of Levi, and 
took to wife a daughter of Levi. And the woman conceived 
and bare a son: and when she saw him that he was a goodly 
child, she hid him three months. And when she could not 
longer hide him, she took for him an ark of bulrushes, and 
daubed it with slime and with pitch, and put the child there- 
in; and she laid it in the flags by the river's brink. And his 
sister stood afar off, to wit what would be done to him. And 
the daughter of Pharaoh came down to wash herself at the 
river: and her maidens walked along by the river's side: and 
when she saw the ark among the flags, she sent her maid to 
fetch it. And when she had opened it, she saw the child: 
and behold, the babe wept. And she had compassion on him. 



128 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

and said this is one of the Hebrews' children. Then said his 
sister to Pharaoh's daughter, Shall I go, and call to thee a 
nurse of the Hebrew women, that she may nurse the child for 
thee? And Pharaoh's daughter said to her; Go. And the 
maid went and called the child's mother. And Pharaoh's 
daughter said unto her, Take this child away and nurse it for 
me and I will give thee thy wages. And the woman took 
the child and nursed it. And the child grew, and she brought 
him unto Pharaoh's daughter, and he became her son. And 
she called his name Moses: and she said, Because I drew him 
out of the water. Ex. 2: 1—10. 

Antitype. Now when Jesus was born in Bethlehem of 
Judea in the days of Herod the king, behold, there came 
wise men from the east to Jerusalem, Saying, Where is he 
that is born King of the Jews ? for we have seen his star in 
east, and are come to worship him. When Herod the king 
had heard these things he was troubled/' and all Jerusalem 
with him. And when he had gathered all the chief priests 
and scribes of the people together, he demanded of them 
where Christ should be born. And they said unto him, In 
Bethlehem of Judea: for thus it is written by the prophet. 
And thou Bethlehem, in the land of Juda, art not least among 
the princes of Juda: for out of thee shall come a Governor, 
that shall rule my people Israel. Then Herod, when he had 
privily called the wise men, inqired of them dilligently what 
time the star appeared. And he sent them to Bethlehem, and 
said, Go, and search dilligently for the young child; and 
when ye have found him, bring me word again, that I may 
come and worship him also. When they had heard the king, 
they departed; and lo : the star, which they saw in the east, 
went before them, till it came and stood over where the young 
child was. When they saw the star, they rejoiced with exceed- 
ing great joy. And when they were come into the house, they 
saw the young child with Mary his mother, and fell down, and 
worshipped him: and when they had opened their treasures, 
they presented unto him gifts; gold, and frankincense, and 
myrrh. And being warned of God in a dream that they 
should not return to Herod, they departed into their own 



MOSES A TYPE OP CHRIST. 129 

country another way. And when they had departed, behold, 
the angel of the Lord appeared to Joseph in a dream, saying, 
Arise, and take the young child and his mother, and flee into 
Egypt, and be thou there until I bring thee word: for Herod will 
seek the young child to destroy him, When he arose, he took 
the young child and his mother by night, and departed into , 
Egypt: and was there until the death of Herod: that it might 
be fulfilled which was Spoken of the Lord by the prophet, 
saying, Out of Egypt have I called my Son. Sf&tt. 2: 
1—15. 

Moses having grown up under favorable circumstances, 
slew an Egyptian who was oppressing one of his brethren, in, 
consequence of which he flees to Midian, where he married 
Zipporah, the daughter of the priest of Midian, and kept his 
sheep in the wilderness, where the angel of/the Lord appear-, 
ed to him in a flame of fire out of the midst of a burning 
bush, and where the Father made with him the Covenant of; 
the Mosaic Dispensation. The history of the case is as fol-. 
lows: 

Type. Now Moses kept the flock of Jethro his father-in-, 
law, the priest of Midian: and he led the flock to the back 
side of the desert, and came to the mountain of God, even to, 
Horeb. And the angel of the Lord appeared unto him in a 
flame of fire out of the midst of a bush: and he looked, and 
behold, the bush burned with fire, and the bush was not consum- 
ed. And Moses said, I will now turn aside, and see this great 
sight, why the bush is not burnt. And when the Lord saw 
that he had turned aside to see, God called unto him out of 
the midst of the bush, and said; Moses, Moses ! And he saic^ 
Here am I. And he Said, Draw not nigh hither: put off thy 
shoes from off thy feet; for the place wereon thou standest is 
holy ground. Moreover he Said, I am, the God of thy fath- 
er, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of 
Jacob. And Moses hid his face; for he was afraid to look 
upon God. And the Lord Said, I have surely seen the afflic- 
tion of my people which are in Egypt, and have heard their 
cry by reason of their taskmasters; for I know their sorrows: 
and I am come down to deliver them out of the hands of the 
9 



130 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

Egyptians, and to bring them up out of that land, unto a good 
land, and a large, unto a land flowing with milk and honey; 
unto the place of the Canaanites, and the Hitites, and Amo- 
rites, and the Perizzites, and the Hivites, and the Jebusites. 
Now therefore, behold, the cry of the children of Israel is 
eome unto me: and I have also seen the oppression wherewith 
the Egyptians oppress them. Core now therefore, and I 
will send thee unto Pharaoh, that thou mayest bring forth my 
people, the children of Israel, out of Egypt. Ex. 3: 1 — 10. 

In the above quotation we find the Mosaic Covenant; in which 
Covenant, as always, we see a two-fold Trinity. 1. The Spir- 
itual Trinity, in Creation and Legislation, in these words, "And 
the Lord Said, (unto Moses) I have surely seen the affliction 
of my people which are in Egypt." Here is the Father Spea- 
king unto , Moses through the Holy Ghost, as always. Here 
then, are the Father, the Word, and the Holy Ghost. First the 
Spiritual Trinity Creates Moses, as the mediator between the 
Father and the people of Israel. Secondly, the Trinity Legis- 
lates. "Come now therefore, and I will send thee unto Pha- 
raoh, that thoumayest bring forth my people, the children of Is- 
rael, out of Egypt." 2. The Compound, Executive, Typical Trin- 
tiy in Redemption, which stands thus: the Father, Moses, and the 
Holy Ghost, the Holy Ghost coming from the Father, with the 
Word, and through- the Word to Israel, and to the world. 
Moses is now the Executive officer under God, through whom 
the will of the Father is executed during all the era of the life 
of Moses, or during his mediatorial office. 

The Redemption of Spiritual Israel the Antitype of carnal 
Israel, by Moses' Antitype, is the theme of all the Sacred 
Scriptures, and no where .perhaps, is it so beautifully and so 
forcibly illustrated as in the following: 

Antitype. And I saw in the right hand of him that sat 
upon the throne a book written within and upon the back 
side, sealed with seven seals. And I saw a strong angel pro- 
claiming with a loud voice, Who is worthy to open the book, 
and to loose the seals thereof? And no man in heaven, nor 
earth, neither under the earth, was able to open the book, 
neither to look thereon. And; I wept much, because no man 



MOSES A TYPE OF CHRIST. 131 

was found worthy to open, and to read the book, neither to 
look thereon. And one of the elders saitli unto me, Weep 
not: behold, the Lion of the tribe ofJuda, the Root of David, 
hath prevailed to open the book, and to loose the seals there- 
of. And I beheld, and lo, in the midst of the throne, and of 
the four beasts, and in the midst of the elders, stood a Lamb 
as it had been slain, having seven horns, and seven eyes, which 
are the seven Spirits of God sent forth unto all the earth. 
And he came and took the book out of the right hand of him 
that sat upon the throne. And when he had taken the book, 
the four beasts, and four and twenty elders fell down before 
the Lamb, having every one of them harps, and golden vials 
fuU of odours, which are the prayers of saints. And they 
sung a new song, saying, Thou art worthy to take the book, 
and to open the seals thereof : for thou was slain, and hast 
redeemed us to God by thy blood out of every kindred, anJ 
tongue, and people, and nation: and hast made us unto our 
God kings and priests: and we shall reign on the earth. And 
I beheld, and I heard the voice of many angels around about 
the throne, and the beasts, and the elders: and the num- 
ber of them was ten thousand times ten thousand, and thousands 
of thousands; Saying with a loud voice, Worthy is the Lamb 
that was slain to receive power, and riches, and wisdom, and 
strength, and honor, and glory, and blessing. And every 
creature which is in heaven, and on the earth, and under the 
earth, and such as are in the sea, and all that are in them, heard 
I saying, Blessing, and honor, and glory, and power, be unto 
him that sitteth upon the throne, and unto the Lamb, for ever 
and ever. And the four beasts said, Amen. And the four 
and twenty elders fell down and worshipped him that liveth 
for ever and ever. Rev. 5 chapter. 

Zipporah circumcises her son on the way to Egypt, which 
was a type of the blood of Christ shed for sinners, and a rat- 
ification of the Covenant between the Father and Moses, as 
mediator. 

Type. And it came to pass, by the way in the inn, that 
the Lord met him, and sought to kill him. Then Zipporah 
took a sharp stone, and cut off the foreskin of her son, and 



132 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 



cast it at his feet, and said, Surely a bloody husband art thou 
to me. So he let him go: then she said, A bloody husband 
thou art, because of the circumcision. Ex. 4 : 24—26. 
Antitype. And when eight days were accomplished for 
the circumcising of the chiid,his name was called Jesus, which 
was so named of the angel before he was conceived in the 
womb. And when the days of her purification according to 
the law of Moses were accomplished, they brought him to Je- 
rusalem, to present him to the Lord: (as it is written in the 
law of the Lord, Every male that openeth the womb shall be 
called holy to the Lord:) And to offer a sacrifice according 
to that which is said in the law of the Lord, A pair of turtle- 
doves, or two young pigions. And behold there was a man 
in Jerusalem, whose name was Simeon; and the same man 
1 was just and devout, waiting for the consolation of Israel: 
and the Holy Ghost was upon him. And it was revealed un- 
to him by the Holy Ghost, that he should not see death, be- 
fore he had seen the Lord's Christ. And he came by the 
Spirit into the temple; and when the parents brought in the 
child Jesus, to do for him. after the custom of the law, then took 
he him up in his arms, and blessed God, and said, Lord, now 
lettest thou thy servant depart in peace, according^ to thy 
Word: for mine eyes have seen thy salvation, which thou 
hast prepared before the face of all people; a light to light- 
en the Gentiles, and the glory of thy people Israel. Luke 2: 
21—32. 

God appears to Moses again and encourages him by the 
renewal of his promise, and revelation of his Name, Jehovah. 
Type. Then the Lord Said unto Moses, Now shalt thou 
see what I will do to Pharaoh: for with a strong hand shall 
he let them go, and with a strong hand shall he drive them 
out of his land. And God Spake unto Moses, and Said unto 
him, I am the Lord: and I appeared unto Abraham, unto 
Isaac, and unto Jacob by the name of God Almighty, but by 
my name Jehovah was I not known to them. And I have al- 
so established my Covenant with them, to give them the land 
of Canaan, the land of their pilgrimage, wherein they were 
strangers. And I have also heard the groaning of the chil- 



MOSES A TYPE OF CHRIST. 133 

dren of Israel, whom the Egyptians keep in bondage: and I 
have remembered my Covenant. Wherefore say unto the 
children of Israel, I am the Lord, and I will bring you out 
from under the burdens of the Egyptians, and I will rid you 
out of their bondage, and I will redeem you with a stretched- 
out arm, and with great judgments: and I will take you to 
me for my people, and I will be to you a God: and ye shall 
know that I am the Lord your God, which bringeth you out 
from under the burdens of the Egyptians. And I will bring 
you unto the land, concerning the which I did swear to give 
to Abraham, to Isaac, and to Jacob: and I will give it you 
for an heritage: I am the Lord. Ex. 6: 1 — 8. 

Antitype. For it is written, that Abraham had two sons; 
the one by a bond-maid, the other by a free woman. But he 
who was of the bond-woman, was born after the flesh; but 
he of the free-woman, was by promise. Which things are an 
allegory; for these are two Covenants; the one from the 
mount Sinai, which gendereth to bondage, which is Agar. 
For this Agar is mount Sinai in Arabia, and answereth to 
Jerusalem which now is, and is in bondage with her children. 
But Jerusalem which is above is free, which is the mother of 
us all. For it is written, Rejoice, thou barren that bearest 
not; break forth and cry, thou that travailest not: for the 
desolate hath many more children than she which hath an 
husband. Now we, brethren, as Isaac was, are the children 
of promise. But as then he that was born after the flesh per- 
secuted him that was born after the Spirit, even so it is now. 
Nevertheless, what saith the scriptures? Cast out the bond- 
woman and her son: for the son of the bond-woman shall 
not be heir with the son of the free-woman. So then, breth- 
ren, we are not children of the bond-woman, but of the free. 
Gal. 4: 22—31. 

Institution of the Passover, which prefigured the blood of 
Christ for the remission of sins. 

Type. Speak ye unto all the congregation of Israel, say- 
ing, In the tenth day of this month they shall take to them 
every man a lamb according to the house of their fathers, a 
lamb for an house: and if the household be too little for the 



134 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

lamb, let him and his neighbor next unto his house take it 
according to the number of souls; every man according to his 
eating shall make your count for the lamb. Your lamb shall 
be without blemish, a male of the first year: ye shall take it 
from the sheep or from the goats: and ye shall keep it up un- 
til the fourteenth day of the same month: and the whole as- 
sembly of the congregation of Israel shall kill it in the even- 
ing. And they shall take of the blood, and strike it on the 
two side-posts, and on the upper door-post of the houses, where- 
in they shall eat it. And they shall eat the flesh in that night. 
roast with fire, and unleavened bread; and with bitter herbs 
they shall eat it. Eat not of it raw, nor sodden at all with 
water, but roast with fire; his head with his legs, and with 
the pertenance thereof. And ye shall let nothing of it re- 
main until the morning: and that which remaineth of it un- 
til the morning ye shall burn with fire. Ex. 12: 3 — 10. 

Antitype. But Christ being come an high priest of good 
things to come, by a greater and more perfect tabernacle, 
not made with hands, that is to say, not of this building; 
neither by blood of goats and calves, but by his own blood, 
he entered in once into the holy place, having obtained eter- 
nal redemption for us. For if the blood of bulls and of 
goats, and the ashes of an heifer sprinkling the unclean, 
sanctifieth to the purifying of the flesh, how much more shall 
the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered 
himself without spot to God, purge your conscience from dead 
works to serve the living G-od ? And for this cause he is 
the Mediator of the Xew Testament, that by means of death, for 
the redemption of the transgressions that were under the 
first testament, they which are called might receive the 
promise of eternal inheritance. For where a testament is, 
there must also of necessity be the death of the testator. — 
For a testament is of force after men are dead: otherwise it 
is of no strength at all while the testator liveth' "Whereup- 
on neither the first testament was dedicated without blood. 
Heb. 9: 11—18. 

The Israelites being in a great strait and consternation at 



MOSES A TYPE OP CHRIST. 135 

the Red Sea, God instructeth Moses how to proceed; where- 
upon they take courage and go forward. 

Type. And the Lord Said unto Moses, Wherefore criest 
thou unto me? Speak unto the children of Israel, that they 
go forward: but lift up thy rod, and stretch out thine hand 
over the sea and divide it: and the children of Israel shall 
go on dry ground through the midst of the sea. And I, 
behold, I will harden the hearts of the Egyptians, and they 
shall follow them: and I will get me honor upon Pharaoh, 
and upon all his host, upon his chariots, and upon his horse- 
men. And the Egyptians shall know that I am the Lord, 
when I have gotten me honor upon Pharaoh, upon his chari- 
ots, and upon his horsemen. Ex. 14: 15 — 18. 

Antitype. Let your conversation be without covetous- 
ness; and be content with such things as ye have: for he 
hath Said, I will never leave thee, nor forsake thee. So that 
we may boldy say, The Lord is my helper, and 1 will not fear 
what man shall do unto me. Remember them which have 
the rule over you, who have spoken unto you the Word of 
God: whose faith follow, considering the end of their con- 
versation: Jesus Christ the same yesterday, and to-day, and 
forever. Heb. 13: 5—8. 

The passage of Israel over the sea a symbol of Christ's 
providential care and protection of his people. 

Type. And the angel of God which went before the 
camp of Israel, removed, and weut behind them; and the 
pillar of the cloud went from before their face, and stood 
behind them: And it came between the camp of the Egyp- 
tians and the camp of Israel; and it was a cloud and dark- 
ness to them, but it gave light by night to these: so that the 
one came not near the other all the night. And Moses 
stretched out his hand over the sea; and the Lord caused the 
sea to go back by a strong east wind all that night, and made 
the sea dry land, and the waters were divided. And the 
children of Israel went into the midst of the sea upon the 
dry ground: and the waters were a wall unto them on their 
right hand, and on their left. Ex. 14: 19—22. 

Antitype. And I looked, and lo, a Lamb stood on the 



IM EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

mount Zion, and with him an hundred forty and four thou- 
sand, having his father's name written in their foreheads.— 
And I heard a voice from heaven, as the voice of many waters, 
and as the voice of a great thunder: and I heard the voice 
of harpers harping with their harps: and they sung as it 
were a new song before the throne, and before the four beasts 
and the elders: and no man could learn that song but the 
hundred and forty and four thousand, which were redeemed 
from the earth. These are they which were not defiled with 
women; for they are virgins. These are they which follow 
the Lamb whithersoever he goeth. These were redeemed from 
among men, being the first-fruits unto God and to the Lamb. 
And in their mouth was found no guile: for they arc without 
fault before the throne of God. Rev. 14: 1 — 5. 

Type. And the Egyptians pursued, and went in after 
them, to the midst of the sea, even all Pharaoh's horses, his 
chariots, and his horsemen. And it came to pass, that in 
the morning watch the Lord looked unto the host of the 
Egyptians through the pillar of fire and of the cloud, and 
troubled the host of the Egyptians, and took off their chariot 
wheels, that they drove them heavily: so that the Egytians- 
said, Let us flee from the face of Israel; for the Lord fight- 
eth for them against the Egyptians. Ex. 14: 23 — 25. 

Antitype. Then cometh the end, when he shall have de- 
livered up the kingdom to God, even the Father; when he 
shall have put down all rule, all authority, and power. For he 
must reign, till he hath put all enemies under his feet. The 
last enemy to be destroyed is death. For he hath put all 
things under his feet. But when he saith all things are put 
under him, it is manifest that he is excepted which did put 
all things under him. And when all things shall be subdued 
unto him, then shall the Son also himself be subject unto 
him that put all things under him, that God may be all in 
all. 1 Cor. 15: 24—28. 

Conclusion of the great drama of passing the Red sea. — 
Israel triumphant, and the Egyptians totally destroyed. 

Type. And the Lord Said unto Moses, Stretch out thine 
hand over the sea, that the waters may come again upon the 



i 



MOSES A TYPE OP CHRIST. 137 

Egyptians, upon their chariots, and upon their horsemen. — 
And Moses stretched forth his hand over the sea, and the 
sea returned to his strength when the morning appeared; and 
the Egyptians fled against it; and the Lord overthrew the 
Egyptians in the midst of the sea. And the waters returned, 
and covered the chariots, and the horsemen, and all the host 
of Pharaoh that came into the sea after them: there remain- 
ed not so much as one of them. But the children of Israel 
walked upon dry land in the midst of the sea; and the 
waters were a wall unto them on their right hand, and on 
their left. Thus the Lord saved Israel that day out of the 
hand of the Egyptians: and Israel saw the Egyptians dead 
upon the sea-shore. And Israel saw the great work which 
the Lord did upon the Egyptians: and the people feared the 
Lord, and believed the Lord, and his servant Moses. Ex. 
14: 26— ai. 

Antitype. And after these things I heard a great voice of 
much people in heaven, saying, Alleluia; Salvation, and 
glory, and honor, and power, unto the Lord our God: for 
true and righteous are his judgments: for he hath jndged the 
great whore, which did corrupt the earth with her fornication, 
and hath avenged the blood of his servants at her hand. — 
and again they said, Alleluia. And her smoke rose up for 
ever and ever. And the four and twenty elders and the 
four beasts fell down and worshipped God that sat on the 
throne, saying, Amen; Alleluia. And a voice came out of 
the throne, saying, Praise our God, all ye his servants, and 
ye that fear him both small and great. And I heard as it 
were the voice of a great multitude, and as the voice of many 
waters, and as the voice of mighty thunderings^ saying, Alle- 
luia: for the Lord God omnipotent reigneth. Let us be 
glad and rejoice, and give honor to him: for the marriage of 
the Lamb is come, and his wife hath made herself ready. — 
And to her was granted that she should be arrayed in tine 
linen, clean and white: for the line linen is the righteousness 
of the saints. And he saitli unto me, Write, Blessed are 
they which arc called unto the marriage-supper of the Lamb, 



138 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

And he saith unto me, These are the true sayings of God. 
Rev. 19: 1—9. 

Moses' triumphant song after passing the Red sea: 
Then sang Moses and the children of Israel this song unto 
Ihe Lord, and spake, saying, I will sing unto the Lord, for 
he hath triumphed gloriously; the horse and his rider hath 
he thrown into the sea. The Lord is my strength and song, 
and he is become my salvation: he is my God, and I will 
prepare him an habitation; my father's God, and I will exalt 
him. The Lord is a man of war: the Lord is his name. 
Pharaoh's chariots and his host hath he cast into the sea: his 
chosen captains also are drowned in the Red sea. The 
depths have covered them: they sank into the bottom as a 
stone. Thy right hand, Lord, is become glorious in power: 
thy right hand, Lord, hath dashed in pieces the enemy. 
And in the greatness of thine excellency thou hast over- 
thrown them that rose up against thee: thou sendest forth 
thy wrath, which consumed them as stubble. And with the 
blast of thy nostrils the waters were gathered together, the 
floods stood upright as an heap, and the depths were congeal- 
ed in the heart of the sea. The enemy said, I will pursue, I 
will overtake, I will divide the spoil: my lust shall be satis- 
fied upon them; I will draw my sword, mine hand shall de- 
stroy them. Thou didst blow with thy wind, the sea covered 
them: they sank as lead in the mighty waters. Who is like 
unto thee, Lord, among the gods? Who is like thee, glo- 
rious in holiness, fearful in praises, doing wonders ? Thou 
stretchedst out thy right hand, the earth swallowed them. — 
Thou in thy mercy hast led forth the people which thou hast 
redeemed: thou hast guided them in thy strength unto thy 
holy habitation. The people shall hear, and be afraid: sor- 
row shall take hold on the inhabitants of Palestina. Then 
the dukes of Edom shall be amazed: the mighty men of 
Moab, trembling shall take hold upon them: all the inhabit- 
ants of Canaan shall melt away. Fear and dread shall fall 
upon them; by the greatness of thine arm they shall be as 
still as a stone; till they pass over, Lord, till the people 
pass over, which thou hast purchased. Thou shalt bring 



MOSES A TYPE OF CHRIST. 139 

them in, and plant them in the mountain of thine inheritance, 
in the place, Lord, which thou hast made for thee to dwell 
in; in the sanctuary, Lord, which thy hands have estab- 
lished. The Lord shall reign forever and ever. For the 
horse of Pharaoh went in with his chariots and with his 
horsemen into the sea, and the Lord brought again the waters 
of the sea upon them: but the children of Israel went on 
dry land in the midst of the sea. Ex. 15: i — 19. 

Antitype. But ye are a chosen generation, a royal priest- 
hood, an holy nation, a peculiar people, that ye should shew 
forth the 'praises of him who hath called you out of dark- 
ness into his marvellous light: which in time past were 
not a people, but are now the people of God: which 
had not obtained mercy, but now have obtained mer- 
cy* Dearly beloved, I beseech you, as strangers and pil- 
grims, abstain from fleshly lusts, which war against the soul; 
Having your conversation honest among the Gentiles: that, 
whereas they speak against you as evil-doers, they may by 
your good works, which they shall behold, glorify God in 
the day of visitation. Submit yourselves to every ordinance 
of man for the Lord's sake: whether it be to the king, as 
supreme; or unto governors, as unto them that are sent by 
him for the punishment of evil-doers, and for the praise of 
them that do well. For so is the will of God, that with 
well-doing ye may put to silence the ignorance of foolish 
men. 1 Peter 2: 9—15. 

Miriam, the sister of Aaron, and a mother in Israel, leads 
the daughters of Zion in celebrating the praise of God's 
power and goodness in their emancipation from Egyptian 
bondage. 

Type. And Miriam the prophetess, the sister of Aaron, 
took a timbrel in her hand; and all the women went out 
after her, with timbrels, and with dances. And Miriam an- 
swered saying, Sing ye to the Lord, for he hath triumphed glo- 
riously: the horse and his rider hath he thrown into the sea. 
Ex. 15: 20, 21. 

Antitype. And it came to pass, that when Elisabeth 
heard the salutation of Mary, the babe leaped in her womb: 



140 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

and Elisabeth was filled with the Holy Ghost. And she 
spake out with a loud voice and said, Blessed art thou among 
women, and blessed is the fruit of thy womb. And whence 
is this to me, that the mother of my Lord should come to 
me? For lo, as soon as the voice of thy salutation sounded 
in my ears, the babe leaped in my womb for joy. And 
blessed is she that believed: for there shall be a performance 
of those things which were told her from the Lord. And 
Mary said, My soul doth magnify the Lord, and my spirit hath 
rejoiced in God my Savior. For he hath regarded the low 
estate of his handmaiden: for behold, from henceforth all 
generations shall call me blessed. For he that is mighty 
hath done to me great things; and holy is his name. And 
his mercy is on them that fear him, from generation to gen- 
eration. He hath shewed strength with his arm; he hath scat- 
tered the proud in the imagination of their hearts. He hath 
put down the mighty from their seats, and exalted them of 
low degree. He hath filled the hungry with good things, 
and the rich he hath sent empty away. He hath holpen his 
servant Israel, in remembrance of his mercy; as he Spake to 
our fathers, to Abraham, and to his seed, forever. Luke 1: 
41—55. 

The Israelites thirst in the wilderness. The bitter waters 
of Marah made sweet when Moses cast in a palm tree, when 
the waters became sweet. This is a type of Christ and the 
graces of his Spirit. 

Type. So Moses brought Israel from the Red sea, and 
they went out into the wilderness of Shur; and they went 
three days in the wilderness, and found no water. And 
when they came to Marah, they could not drink the waters 
of Marah; for they were bitter: therefore the name of the 
place was called Marah. And the people murmured against 
Moses, saying, What shall we drink? And he cried unto 
the Lord; and the Lord, shewed him a tree, which when he 
had cast into the waters, the waters were made sweet: there 
he made for them a statute and an ordinance, and there he 
proved them, and Said, If thou wilt diligently hearken to 
the voice of the Lord thy God, and wilt do that which is 



MOSES A TYPE OF CHRIST. 141 



right in his sight, and will give ear to his commandments, 
and keep all his statutes, I will put none of these diseases 
upon thee, which I have brought upon the Egyptians: for I 
am the Lord that healeth thee. And they came to Elim, 
where were twelve wells of water, and threescore and ten 
palm trees: and they encamped there by the waters. Ex. 
15: 22—27. 

Apostle: Doth a fountain send forth at the same place 
sweet water and bitter? Can the fig-tree, my brethren, bear 
olive-berries? either a vine, figs? so can no fountain both 
yield salt water and fresh. Who is a wise man and endued 
with knowledge among you? let him shew out of a good 
conversation his works with meekness of wisdom. But if 
ye have bitter envying and strife in your hearts, glory not. 
and lie not against the truth. This wisdom descendeth not 
from above, but is earthly, sensual, devilish. For where en- 
vying and strife is, there is confusion and every evil work. — 
But the wisdom that is from above is first pure, then peaca- 
ble, gentle, and easy to be entreated, full of mercy and good 
fruits, without partiality, and without hypocrisy. And the 
fruit of righteousness is sown in peace of them that make 
peace. James 3: 11 — 18. 

I cannot withold from the reader a beautiful poem on this 
subject from the National Magazine. It is not only beauti- 
ful, but a fine description of the unsatisfying nature of all 
earthly things out of Christ, to satisfy the immortal spirit. 
It is as follows: 

THE WATERS OF MARAH. 

" Water ! water !" went forth the sorrowing cry ; 

" We die — we die ; 
Parched is the desert, barren is the plain ; 

We look in vain 
For the morning dew, or the sweet summer rain : 
No blessed cloud floats o'er the torrid sky, 
And 'neath its brazen arch in misery we die." 

Thus murmured Israel's host, but soon 
A shout arose ; beneath the fiery noon 
Gleamed, cold and beautiful, a crystal spring — 

Gleamed like an Angel's wing, 



142 EXPOSITION OP THE TRINITIES. 

That limpid wave. 
The murmuring host fell down, and homage gave 
Unto the Power omnipotent to save, 

Then rushed with eager haste 

And burning lips to taste 
That brimming cup of joy, amid the desert waste. 

Another sorrowing wail went up on high ; 
The host fell to the earth, " master, why 
Have we gone forth from Egypt's land to die ? 
The bitter waters mock our thirst, 
The fountain of the desert is accursed, 
And still we die !" 

The Lord was strong to save. 
His prophet cast a palm into the wave, 
And lo ! the bitter waters at his feet 

Were rippling pure and sweet. 

Then Israel rose to bless 
The Power that saved them in the wilderness. 

Ah ! aiigel-guarded band, 

Well may your songs ascend 

Unto that Father friend, 
Who wander'd with you o'er that desert land — 
Who kept you in the hollow of his hand. 

Are we not wanderers through a wilderness ? 

Is not that Power over us to bless ? 

Doth he not lead us with a gentle hand 

Toward the confines of a better land ? 

Have we not felt a burning drouth, 

Borne by hot breezes from a joyless south? 

Have we not oftimes paused upon the brink 

Of Marah's bitter fount, and stopp'd to drink, 

And in our bitter anguish turn'd to die 

E'en while the healing palm was bending nigh ? 

We faint with thirst, and lo ! before our sight 
Gleam as through trees and bowers of delight 

Waves clear and bright. 

Ah ! bitterly we turn away, 

And woe betide the day 
When to the barren wilderness we came 
To shrink and wither 'neath yon orb of flame — 
To look with longing eyes unto the brazen sky, 



MOSES A TYPE OF CHRIST. 143 

To murmur and to die. 
But lo ! a tree of life is growing nigh ; 
Its fadeless verdure droops above the wave. 

That healing palm 
Can make each bitter drop a saving balm, 

There Mercy waits to save. 
The bitter waters rippling at her feet 

• Grow pure and sweet — 
Fall down, immortal ; praise and bless 
The God that guides thee through the wilderness ; 
To him thy heartfelt song of triumph give, 

And drink and live. 

The Israelites come to Sin, and are in want of bread; Mo- 
ses as a type of Christ intercedes with the Father for them. 
Bread is promised, as a Symbol of the Spirit of God which 
gives life, and strength, and joy, and peace to his followers, 
who thereby grow up unto him in all things, their living 
head. 

Type. Then Said the Lord unto Moses, Behold. I will rain 
bread from heaven for you; and the people shall go out and 
gather a certain rate every day, that I may prove them, wheth- 
er they will walk in my law, or no. And it shall come to 
pass, that on the sixth day they shall prepare that which they 
bring in; and it shall be twice as much as they gather daily. 
And Moses and Aaron said unto all the children of Israel, 
At even, then ye shall know that the Lord hath brought you 
out from the land of Egypt: and in the morning, then ye shall 
see the glory of the Lord: for that he heareth your murmur- 
ings against the Lord: and what are we, that ye murmur 
against us? And Moses said, This shall be when the Lord 
shall give you in the evening flesh to eat, and in the morning 
bread to the full; for that the Lord heareth your murmurings 
which ye murmur against him: and what are we? your mur- 
murings are not against us, but against the Lord. Ex. 16: 
4—8. 

Antitype. Labor not for the meat that perisheth, but for 
that meat which endureth unto everlasting life, which the Son 
of man shall give unto you: for him hath God the Father 
sealed. Then said they unto him, What shall we do, that we 



144 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

might work the works of God ? Jesus answered and Said 
unto them, This is the work of God, that ye believe on him 
whom he hath sent. They said therefore unto him, What 
sign shewest thou then, that we may see, and believe thee ? 
what dost thou work ? Our fathers did eat manna in the 
desert; as it is written. He gave them bread from heaven to 
eat. Then Jesus Said unto them, Verily, verily, I Say unto 
you, Moses gave you not that bread from heaven; but my 
Father giveth you the true bread from heaven. For the 
bread of God is he which cometh down from heaven, and giv- 
eth life unto the world. Then said they unto him, Lord, ev- 
ermore give us this bread. And Jesus Said unto them, I am 
the bread of life: he that cometh to me, shall never hunger; 
and he that believeth on me shall never thirst. But I Said 
unto you, That ye also have seen me, and believe not. All 
that the Father giveth me, shall come to me; and him that 
cometh to me, I will in no wise cast out. For I came down 
from heaven, not to do mine own will, but the will of him 
that sent me. And this is the Father's will which hath sent 
me, that of all which he hath given me, I should lose nothing, 
but should raise it up again at the last day. And this is the 
will of him that sent me, that every one which seeth the Son, 
and believeth on him, may have everlasting life: and I will 
raise him up at the last day. John 6: 27 — 40. 

The observance of the sabbath day strictly enjoined in the 
order to gather a double portion on the sixth day, so as not 
to require any to be gathered on the seventh day. 

Type. And it came to pass, that on the sixth day they 
gathered .twice as much bread, two omers for one man: and 
all the rulers of the congregation came and told Moses. And 
he said unto them, This is that which the Lord hath Said, To- 
morrow is the rest of the holy sabbath unto the Lord: bake 
that which ye will bake to-day, and seethe that ye will seethe: 
and that which remaineth over, lay up for you to be kept un- 
til the morning. And they laid it up till the morning, as Mo- 
ses bade: and it did not stink, neither was there any worm 
therein. And Moses said, Eat that to-day; for to-day is a 
sabbath unto the Lord; to-day ye shall not find it in the field. 



MOSES A TYPE OF CHRIST. 145 

Six days ye shall gather it; but on the seventh day, which is 
the sabbath, in it there shall be none. And it came to pass, 
that there went out some of the people on the seventh day 
for to gather, and they found none. And the Lord Said unto 
Moses, How long refuse ye to keep my commandments and my 
laws ? See, for that the Lord hath given you the sabbath, 
therefore he giveth you on the sixth day the bread of two 
days: abide ye every man in his place, let no man go out of 
his place on the seventh day. So the people rested on the 
seventh day. And the house of Israel called the name there, 
of Manna: and it was like coriander-seed, white; and the 
taste of it was like wafers made with honey. Exodus 16 : 
22—31. 

Antitype. At that time Jesus went on the sabbath-day 
through the corn, and his disciples were an hungered, and be- 
gan to pluck the ears, and eat. But when the Pharisees saw 
it, they said unto him, Behold, thy disciples do that which is 
not lawful to do upon the sabbath day. But he Said unto 
them, Have ye not read what David did when he was an hun- 
gered, and they that were with him; how he entered into the 
house of God, and did eat the shew-bread, which was not law- 
ful for him to eat, neither for them which were with him, but 
only for the priests? Or have ye not read in the law how 
that on the sabbath-days, the priests in the temple profane the 
sabbath, and are blameless ? But I Say unto you, that in this 
place is one greater than the temple. But if ye had known 
what this meaneth, I will have mercy and not sacrifice, ye 
would not have condemned the guiltless. For the Son of man 
is Lord even of the sabbath-day. And when he was depart- 
ed thence, he went into their synagogue. Mat. 12: 1 — 9. 

The rock at Rephidim putting forth water when stricken 
by Moses at the command of the Lord, typical of Christ's be- 
ing smitten and crucified for the sins of the world, through 
the merits of which the Spirit of Christ, of which the water 
was a symbol, comes to the world as the great Agent in hu- 
man salvation. 

Type. And all the congregation of the children of Israel 
journeyed from the wilderness of Sin, after their journeys, 
10 



146 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

according to the commandment of the Lord, and pitched in 
Rephidim: and there was no water for the people to drink. 
Wherefore the people did chide with Moses, and said, Give 
us water that we may drink. And Moses said unto them, 
Why chide ye with me? wherefore do ye tempt the Lord? 
And the people thirsted for water: and the people mumured 
against Moses, and said, Wherefore is this that thou hast 
brought us up out of Egypt to kill us and our children and 
and our cattle with thirst ? And Moses cried unto the Lord, 
saying, What shall 1 do unto this people? they be almost 
ready to stone me. And the Lord Said unto Moses, Go on be- 
fore the people, and take with thee of the elders of Israel: 
and thy rod, wherewith thou smotest the river, take in thine 
hand, and go. Behold, I will stand before thee there upon 
the rock in Horeb: and thou shalt smite the rock, and there 
shall come water out of it, that the people may drink. And 
Moses did so in the sight of the elders of Israel. And he called 
the name of the place Massah, and Meribah, because of the 
chiding of the children of Israel, and because they tempted 
the Lord, saying, Is the Lord among us, or not ? Ex. 17: 
1—7. 

In the above transaction, the Spiritual Trinity in Legislation, 
and the Compound, Typical, Executive Trinity in Redemption, 
is just explained as in the commencement of the Mosaic Dis- 
pensation in the commencement of this chapter; which see. 

The counterpart of this brace of coincidences, is as fol- 
lows: 

Antitype. Moreover, brethren, I would not that ye should 
be ignorant how that all our fathers were under the cloud, 
and all passed through the sea: and were all baptized unto 
Moses in the cloud and in the sea: and did all eat the same 
spiritual meat: and did all drink the same spiritual drink: 
(For they drank of that spiritual Rock that followed them: 
and that Rock was Christ.) But with many of them God 
was not well pleased: for they were overthrown in the wil- 
derness. Now these things were our examples, to the intent 
we should not lust after evil things, as they also lusted. Nei- 
ther be ye idolators, as were some of them: as it is written, 



MOSES A TYPE OF CHRIST. 147 



The people sat down to eat and drink, and rose up to play. 
Neither let us commit fornication, as some of them commit- 
ted, and fell in one day three and twenty thousand. Neith- 
er let us tempt Christ, as some of them tempted, and were 
destroyed of serpents. Neither murmur ye, as some of them 
murmured, and were destroyed of the destroyer. Now all 
these things happened unto them for ensamples: and they are 
written for our admonition, upon whom the ends of the world 
are come. Wherefore let him that thinketh he standeth, take 
heed lest he fall. 1 Cor. 10: 1—12. 

The discomfiting of the Amalekites by the Israelites through 
the intercession of Moses, symbolical of spiritual Israel over- 
coming her spiritual enemies through the mediation and in- 
tercession of Christ. 

Symbol. Then came Amalek, and fought with Israel in 
Rephidim. And Moses said unto Joshua, Choose us out men, 
and go out, fight with Amalek: to-morrow I will stand on 
the top of the hill with the rod of God in mine hand. So 
Joshua did as Moses had said to him, and fought with Ama- 
lek: and Moses, Aaron, and Hur, went up to the top of the 
hill. And it came to pass, when Moses held up his hand, 
that Israel prevailed: and when he let down his hand, Ama- 
lek prevailed. But Moses' hands were heavy; and they took 
a stone, and put it under him, and he sat thereon: and Aaron 
and Hur stayed up his hands, the one on the one side, and the 
other on the other side; and his hands were steady until the 
going down of the sun. And Joshua discomfitted Amalek 
and his people with the edge of the sword. And the Lord 
Said unto Moses, Write this for a memorial in a book, and re- 
hearse it in the ears of Joshua: for I will utterly put out the 
remembrance of Amalek from under heaven. And Moses 
built an altar, and called the name of it Jehovah-nissi: For 
he said, Because the Lord hath sworn that the Lord will have 
war with Amalek from generation to generation. Ex. 17: 
8—16. 

Substantive. Then cometh the end, when he shall have 
delivered up the kingdom to God, even the Father; when he 
shall have put down all rule, and all authority, and power; For 



148 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

he must reign, till he hath put all enemies under his jeet. The 
last enemy that shall be destroyed is death. For he hath put 
all things under his feet. But when he saith all things are 
put under him, it is manifest that he is excepted which did 
put all things under him. And when all things shall be sub- 
dued unto him, then shall the Son also himself be subject un- 
to him that put all things under him, that God may be all in 
all. 1 Cor. 15: 24—28. 

Moses distributing the burden of judging the Israelites 
among the elders of the people, typical of the saints partici- 
pating in judging the world. 

Type. And it came to pass on the morrow, that Moses sat 
to judge the people: and the people stood by Moses from the 
morning unto the evening. And when Moses' father-in-law 
saw all that he did to the people, he said, What is this thing 
that thou doest to the people ? Why sittest thou thyself alone, 
and all the people stand by thee from morning unto even ? 
And Moses said unto his father-in-law, Because the people 
come unto me to inquire of God. When they have a matter, 
they come unto me, and I judge between one and another, 
and I do make them know the statutes of God, and his laws. 
And Moses' father-in-law said unto him, This thing that thou 
doest is not good. Thou wilt surely wear away, both thou, 
and this people that is with thee: for this thing is too heavy 
for thee; thou art not able to perform it thyself alone. Hear- 
ken now unto my voice, I will give thee counsel, and God 
shall be with thee: Be thou for the people to God-ward, that 
thou mayest bring the causes unto God: and thou shalt teach 
them ordinances and laws, and shalt shew them the way 
wherin they must walk, and the work that they must do. 
Moreover, thou shalt provide out of all the people, able men, 
such as fear God, men of truth, hating covetousness; and 
place such over them to be rulers over thousands, and rulers 
of hundreds, rulers of fifties, and rulers of tens: and let them 
judge the people at all seasons: and it shall be, that every 
great matter they shall bring unto thee, but every small mat- 
ter they shall judge: so shall it be easier for thyself, and they 
shall bear the burden with thee. If thou shalt do this thing, 



MOSES A TYPE OF CHRIST. 149 

and God command thee so, then thou shalt be able to endure, 
and all this people shall also go to their place in peace. So 
Moses hearkened to the voice of his father-in-law, and did all 
that he had said. And Moses chose able men out of Israel, 
and made them heads over the people, rulers of thousands, 
rulers of hundreds, rulers of fifties, and rulers of tens. And 
they judged the people at all seasons: the hard causes they 
brought unto Moses, but every small matter they judged 
themselves. Ex. 18: 13—26. 

Antitype. Then answered Peter, and said unto him, Be- 
hold, we have forsaken all, and followed thee; what shall we 
have therefore? And Jesus said unto them, Verily, I say 
unto you, That ye which have followed me in the regeneration, 
when the Son of man shall sit upon the throne of his glory, 
ye also shall sit upon twelve thrones, judging the twelve tribes of 
Israel. And every one that hath forsaken houses, or breth- 
ren, or sisters, or father, or mother, or wife, or children, or 
lands, for my name's sake, shall receive an hundred-fold, and 
shall inherit everlasting life. But many that are first shall 
be last, and the last shall be first. Mat. 19: 27 — 30. 

The Covenant of Sinai, between the Father and the people 
of Israel, in which Moses, as mediator, typifies Christ, and 
the Israelites the world of mankind. 

Type. In the third month, when the children of Israel 
were gone forth out of the land of Egypt, the same day came 
they into the wilderness of Sinai. For they were departed 
from Rephidim, and were come to the desert of Sinai, and 
had pitched in the wilderness ; and there Israel camped be- 
fore the mount. And Moses went up unto God, and the 
Lord called unto him out of the mountain, saying, Thus shalt 
thou say to the house of Jacob, and tell the children of Israel; 
Ye have seen what I did unto the Egyptians, and how I bare 
you on eagles' wings, and brought you unto myself. Now 
therefore, if ye will obey my voice indeed, and keep my cove- 
nant, then shall ye be a peculiar treasure unto me above all 
people : for all the earth is mine : And ye shall be unto me 
a kingdom of priests, and an holy nation. These are the 
words which thou shalt speak unto the children of Israel. 



150 EXPOSITION OP THE TRINITIES. 

And Moses came and called for the elders of the people, 
and laid before their faces all these words which the Lord 
commanded him. And all the people answered together, and 
said, All that the Lord hath spoken we will do. And Moses 
returned the words of the people unto the Lord. And the 
Lord said unto Moses, Lo, I come unto thee in a thick cloud, 
that the people may hear when I speak with thee, and believe 
thee for ever. And Moses told the words of the people unto 
the Lord. Ex. 19: 1—9. 

The Covenant of Sinai, being of vast importance to the 
Church throughout all ages and places, and being so very 
explicit and clear, and so very expressive and forcible as an 
illustration of the Christian Covenant, we will again show 
the operations of the Spiritual and Compound Trinities, in its 
formation. First — the Lord called unto him out of the moun- 
tain, Saying. Here is 1st, the Father, who called; 2d, the 
Word spoken, and 3d, the Holy Ghost, as always through which 
the Father speaks and acts. The word was addressed to Moses 
from the Father: the Spirit came with the Word, and in the 
Word to Moses, and constituted him the mediator of the Cove- 
nant. Now, the Father Speaks through Moses to the people; 
the Spirit came with the Word, through Moses to the people; 
the people yield to the Word and Spirit, and return by the 
Spirit, through Moses the mediator, to the Father, their consent 
to the Covenant; and Moses the mediator makes known to 
the Father the consent of the people, as one of the parties to 
the Covenant; and thus it is -a Covenant ratified in verse 24th 
of the next chapter, by the erecting of an altar, and offering 
sacrifices thereon, as prescribed by the Father himself. 

Secondly, We here have the Compound, Typical, Executive 
Trinity in Redemption, in the Persons of the Father, Moses, 
and the Holy Ghost. And this Trinity operated in Israel 
for the space of forty years. From the calling of Moses in 
the burning bush, until he delivered up his commission to 
Joshua, and ascended Mount Nebo to die. We now give 
the Antitj^pe of the brace in the Covenant of Sinai. 

Antitype. And after six days, Jesus taketh Peter, James 
and John his brother, and bringeth them up into an high 



MOSES A TYPE OF CHRIST. 151 

mountain apart, and was transfigured before them: and his 
face did shine as the sun, and his raiment was white as the 
light. And behold, there appeared unto them Moses and 
Elias talking with him. Then answered Peter, and said 
unto Jesus, Lord, it is good for us to be here: if thou wilt 
let us make here three tabernacles; one for thee, and one for 
Moses, and one for Elias. While he yet spake, behold, a 
bright cloud overshadowed them: and behold, a voice out of the 
cloud, which Said, This is my beloved Son, in whom I am 
well pleased: hear ye him. And when the disciples heard 
it, they fell on their faces, and were sore afraid. And Jesus 
came and touched them, and Said, Arise and be not afraid. 
And when they had lifted up their eyes, they saw no man, 
save Jesus only. And as they came down from the mountain, 
Jesus charged them, saying, Tell the vision to no man, until 
the Son of man be risen again from the dead. Mat. 17: 
1—9. 

In this brace of type and Antitype we see a clear analogy, 
and this is so striking in all the typical illustrations of Christ 
and his offices, as to force the conviction upon every mind of 
the express design of all the types of Christ, to point direct- 
ly to his Mediatorial office and sacrifice. 

The Covenant here brought to view and illustrated, is only 
a renewal and repetition of the Mrahamic Covenant, as all 
the repetitions are with all the different typical mediators 
throughout the era of the Jewish Dispensation. They 
all have for their object, Christ, his atonement, and the plan 
of Redemption under the Christian Dispensation. And as 
the Exposition of the Trinity of Persons and their operations 
in the great plan of Redemption, is the one object of this 
work, the reader is again specially requested always to bear 
in mind, that he is reading the operations of a Trinity, either 
typical or substantive. This fact will add additional interest 
to all the wonderful and astounding events and miracles 
brought to view in the selections of scriptural historic facts 
with which the work is crowded. And we again repeat the 
four-fold benefit derived from this mode of treating the sub- 
ject: 1. The Exposition of the Trinities. 2. The vast amount 



152 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

of the most important historic facts on earth or in heaven. 
3. The astonishing connection and harmony between the Old 
and New Testaments, and 4. The inspiration in the language 
of the Word, used in all these illustrations. What soul is 
there that can possibly fail in reading, to be at once enter- 
tained, enlightened, profited, and saved: for we hold the im- 
portant truth, " That the means are connected with the end: 7 
The altar of earth which Moses was commanded to make, 
and upon which sacrifices were offered as a ratification of the 
Covenant, were typical of the sacrifice of Christ upon Cal- 
vary for the sin of the world. 

Type. An altar of earth shalt thou make unto me, and 
shalt sacrifice thereon thy burnt offerings, and thy peace off- 
erings, thy sheep, and thine oxen: in all places where I 
record my name I will come unto thee, and I will bless thee. 
And if thou wilt make me an altar of stone, thou shalt not 
build it of hewn stone, for if thou lift up thy tool upon it, 
thou hast polluted it. Neither shalt thou go up by steps 
unto mine altar, that thy nakedness be not discovered there- 
on. Ex. 20:24— 26. 

Antitype. And for this cause he is the Mediator of the 
New Testament, that by means of death, for the redemption 
of the transgressions that were under the first testament, 
they which are called might receive the promise of eternal 
inheritance. For where a testament is, there must also of 
necessity be the death of the testator. For a testament is 
of force after men are dead: otherwise it is of no strength 
at all while the testator liveth. Whereupon neither the first 
testament was dedicated without blood. For when Moses 
had spoken every precept to all the people according to the 
law, he took the blood of calves and of goats, with water, 
and scarlet wool, and hyssop, and sprinkled both the book 
and all the people, Saying, This is the blood of the testa- 
ment which God hath enjoined unto you. Moreover, he 
sprinkled with blood both the tabernacle, and all the vessels 
of the ministry. And almost all things are by the law purg- 
ed with blood; and without shedding of blood is no remission. 
It was therefore necessary that the patterns of things in the 



MOSES A TYPE OP CHRIST. 153 

heavens should be purified with these; but the heavenly things 
themselves with better sacrifices than these. For Christ is not 
entered into the holy places made with hands, which are the 
figures of the true; but into heaven itself, now to appear in 
the presence of God for us: nor yet that he should offer 
himself often, as the high priest entereth into the holy place 
every year with the blood of others; for then must he often 
have suffered since the foundation of the world: but now 
once in the end of the world hath he appeared to put away 
sin by the sacrifice of himself. And as it is appointed unto 
men once to die, but after this the judgment: so Christ was 
once offered to bear the sins of many; and unto them that 
look for him shall he appear the second time without sin 
unto salvation. Heb. 9: 15 — 29. 

Laws concerning servitude among the Jews, and their 
emancipation, typical of the spiritual bondage to sin, and 
liberty through faith in the death and atonement of Christ. 

Type. Now these are the judgmente which thou shalt set 
before them. If thou buy an Hebrew servant, six years 
he shall serve: and in the seventh he shall go out free for 
nothing. If he came in by himself, he shall go out by him- 
self: if he were married, then his wife shall go out with him. 
If his master have given him a wife, and she have borne him 
sons or daughters, the wife and her children shall be her 
master's, and he shall go out by himself. And if the servant 
shall plainly say, I love my master, my wife, and my children; 
I will not go out free: then his master shall bring him unto 
the judges: he shall also bring him to the door, or unto the 
door-post; and his master shall bore his ear through with 
and awl; and he shall serve him forever. Ex. 21: 1 — 6. 

Antitype. They answered him, We be Abraham's seed, 
and were never in bondage to any man: how sayest thou, 
Ye shall be made free? Jesus answered them, Verily, veri- 
ly, I Say unto you, Whosoever committeth sin, is the servant of 
sin. And the servant abideth not in the house forever, but 
the Son abideth ever. If the Son therefore shall make you 
free, ye shall be free indeed. I know that ye are Abraham's 
seed; but ye seek to kill me, because my word hath no place 



154 EXPOSITION OP THE TRINITIES. 

in you. I Speak that which I have seen with my Father: 
and ye do that which ye have seen with your Father. They 
anwered and said unto him, Abraham is our father. Jesus 
Saith unto them, If ye were Abraham's children, ye would 
do the works of Abraham. John 8: 33 — 39. 

An angel promised to go before Israel to protect and 
guide them to the promised land, upon condition of hearken- 
ing to his voice, and obedience; emblematical of faith in 
Christ, and obedience to his precepts and commandments. 

Type. Behold, I send an angel before thee, to keep thee 
in the way, and to bring thee into the place I have prepared. 
Beware of him, and obey his voice, provoke him not; for he 
will not pardon your transgressions : for my name is in 
him. But if thou shalt indeed obey his voice, and do all 
that I speak; then I will be an enemy unto thine enemies, 
and an adversary unto thine adversaries. For mine angel 
shall go before thee, and bring thee in unto the Amorites, 
and the Hittites, and the Perrizzites, and the Canaanites, and 
the Hivites, and the Jebusites; and I will cut them off. Thou 
shalt not bow down to their gods, nor serve them, nor do 
after their works: but thou shalt utterly overthrow them, 
and quite break down their images. And ye shall serve the 
Lord your God, and he shall bless thy bread, and thy water; 
and I will take sickness away from the midst of thee. Ex. 
23: 20—25. 

Antetype. And I looked and lo, a Lamb stood on mount 
Zion, and with him an hundred forty and four thousand hav- 
ing his Father's name written in their foreheads. And I 
heard a voice from heaven, as the voice of many waters, and 
as the voice of a great thunder ; and I heard the voice of 
harpers harping with their harps: And they sung as it were 
a new song before the throne, and before the four beasts, and 
the elders: and no man could learn that song but the hundred 
and forty and four thousand, which were redeemed from the 
earth. These are they which were not defiled with women; 
for they are virgins. These are they which follow the Lamb 
whithersoever he goeth. These were redeemed from among men, 
being the first- fruits unto God and to the Lamb. And in their 



MOSES A TYPE OF CHRIST. 155 

mouth was found no guile: for they are without fault before 
the throne of God. Rev. 14: 1-5. 

Moses being called up into the mount, and seeing the God 
of Israel, and the astonishing sights and views which occur- 
red, figurative of the glories of heaven, where Christ sitteth 
on the right hand of God. 

Type. Then went up Moses and Aaron, Nadab, and Abi- 
hu, and seventy of the elders of Israel : And they saw the 
God of Israel: and there was under his feet as it were a 
paved work of a sapphire-stone, and as it were the body of 
heaven in his clearness. And upon the nobles of the chil- 
dren of Israel he laid not his hand: also they saw God and 
did eat and drink. And the Lord said unto Moses, come up 
to me into the mount, and be there: and I will give thee ta- 
bles of stone, and a law, and commandments which I have 
written; that thou mayest teach them. And Moses rose up 
and his minister Joshua: and Moses went up into the mount 
of God. And he said unto the elders, tarry ye here for us, 
until we come again unto you: and behold, Aaron and Hur 
are with you: if any man have any matters to do let him 
come unto them. And Moses went up into the mount, and a 
cloud covered the mount. And the glory of the Lord abode 
upon mount Sinai, and the cloud covered it six days: and the 
seventh day he called unto Moses out of the midst of the 
cloud. And the sight of the glory of the Lord was like de- 
vouring fire on the top of the mount in the eyes of the chil- 
dren of Israel. And Moses went into the midst of the 
cloud, and gat him up into the mount: and Moses was in the 
mount forty days and forty nights. Ex. 24: 9 — 18. 

Antetype. Then was Jesus led up of the Spirit into the 
Wilderness to be tempted of the devil. And when he had 
fasted forty days and forty nights, he was afterward an hun- 
gered. And when the tempter came to him, he said, if thou 
be the Son of God, command that these stones be made bread. 
But he answered and said, it is written, man shall not live 
by bread alone, but by every word that proceedeth out of the 
mouth of God, Then the devil taketh him up into the holy 
city, and setteth him on a pinnacle of the temple, and saith 



156 EXPOSITION OP THE TRINITIES. 

unto him, if thou be the Son of God, cast thyself down, for 
it is written, he shall give his angels charge concerning thee: 
and in their hands they shall bear thee up, lest at any time 
thou dash thy foot against a stone. Jesus Said unto him, it 
is written again, thou shalt not tempt the Lord thy God. 
Again, the devil taketh him up into an exceeding high moun- 
tain, and sheweth him all the kingdoms of the world, and 
the glory of them; and saith unto him, all these things will I 
give thee, if thou wilt fall down and worship me. Then 
Saith Jesus unto him, get the hence, satan: for it is written, 
thou shalt worship the Lord thy God, and him only shalt thou 
serve. Then, the devil leaveth him, and behold, angels came 
and ministered unto him. Mat. 4: 1 — 11. 



CHAPTER II. 

OF THE ARK OF THE COVENANT AS A TYPE OF CHRIST. 

The Ark of the Covenant deserves a particular notice as 
one of the appendages of the Tabernacle, and a prominent 
type of Christ; its contents, when deposited in the Taberna- 
cle, were, a pot of manna, the tables of the Law, and Aaron's 
rod that budded; all of which symbolized the three Persons 
in the Spiritual Trinity of Creation and Legislation. 1. The 
manna, symbolized the Father and the Holy Ghost, the latter 
of which being the Spirit of the Father, as the life-giving en- 
ergy of the manna, when eaten, was the spirit and strength 
of the manna. 2. The Law, written on the two tables of 
stone and deposited in the ark, sybolized the Word of the Fa- 
ther, and Aaron's rod that budded, was the symbol of the 
Authority of the Word. Here then were the symbols of the 
Father, the Word and the Holy Ghost, which dwelt in the ark, 
which was a type of the human body of Christ, in which 



THE ARK A TYPE OF CHRIST. 157 

dwelt the same Father, Word and Holy Ghost, in the fullness 
of the Godhead bodily. The lid of the ark, being the 
mercy seat over which between the Cherubims was the 
symbol of the Divine presence in the cloud, which was con- 
sulted by the typical mediator, upon all emergencies, and from 
which answers were received; symbolized the Spirit of Wis- 
dom and of Power, existent in in the Lord Jesus Christ* 
through faith in which his people receive light, comfort, 
strength and salvation. Let us see a brace of type and ante- 
type, from scriptural authority: 

' Type. And they shall make an ark of shittim-wood: two 
cubits and a half shall be the length thereof, and a cubit and 
a half the breadth thereof. And thou shalt overlay it with 
pure gold, within and without shalt thou overlay it, and shalt 
make upon it a crown of gold round about. And thou shalt 
cast four rings of gold for it, and put them in the four cor- 
ners thereof, and two rings shall be in the one side of it, and 
two rings in the other side of it. And thou shalt make staves 
of shittem wood and overlay them with gold. And thou 
shalt put the staves into the rings by the sides of the ark, 
that the ark may be borne with them. The staves shall be 
in the rings of the ark: they shall not be taken from it. And 
thou shalt put into the ark the testimony which I shall give 
thee. And thou shalt make a merc}^-seat of pure gold : two 
cubits and a half shall be the length thereof, and a cubit and 
a half the breadth thereof. And thou shalt make two cheru- 
bims of gold, of beaten work shalt thou make them, in the 
two ends of the mercy-seat. And make one cherub on the 
one end, and the other cherub on the other end : even of the 
mercy-seat shall ye make the cherubims on the two ends 
thereof. And the cherubims shall stretch forth their wings 
on high, covering the mercy-seat with their wings, and their 
faces shall look one to another ; toward the mercy-seat shall 
the faces of the cherubims be. And thou shalt put the mercy- 
seat above upon the ark ; and in the ark thou shalt put the 
testimony that I shall give thee. And there will I meet with 
thee, and I will commune with thee from above the mercy- 
seat, from between the two cherubims which are upon the 



158 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

ark of the testimony, of all things which I will give thee in 
commandment unto the children of Israel. Ex. 25: 10 — 22. 

Antitype. A woman when she is in travail hath sorrow, 
because her hour is come : but as soon as she is delivered of 
the child, she remembereth no more the anguish, for joy that 
a man is born into the world. And ye now therefore have 
sorrow: but I will see you again, and your heart shall rejoice, 
and your joy no man taketh from you. And in that day ye 
shall ask me nothing. Yerily, verily, I say unto you, what- 
soever ye shall ask the Father in my name, he will give it you. 
Hitherto ye have asked nothing in my name; ask, and ye shall 
receive, that jour joy may be full. These things have I spoken 
unto you in proverbs : but the time cometh when I shall no 
more speak unto you in proverbs, but I shall shew you plain- 
ly of the Father. At that day ye shall ask in my name: and 
I say not unto you, that I will pray the Father for you: For the 
Father himself loveth you, because ye have loved me, and 
have believed that I. came from God. I came forth from the 
Father, and am come into the world : again, I leave the 
world, and go to the Father. His disciples said unto him, 
Lo, now speakest thou plainly, and speakest no proverb. Now 
are we sure that thou knowest all things, and needest not 
that any man should ask thee : by this we believe that thou 
earnest forth from God. Jesus answered them, Do ye now 
believe ? Behold, the hour cometh, yea, is now come, that 
ye shall be scattered, every man to his own, and shall leave me 
alone: and yet I am not alone, because the Father is with me. 
These things have I spoken unto you, that in me ye might 
have peace. In the world ye shall have tribulation, but be 
of good cheer: I have overcome the world. John 16: 21 — 33. 

The Ark, and all its appendages were a compound of Chit- 
tern wood and gold, which symbolized the Divine and human 
natures of Christ. 

Type. And Bezaleel made the ark of shittim-wood : two 
cubits and a half was the length of it, and a cubit and a half 
the breadth of it, and a cubit and a half the height of it: And 
he overlaid it with pure gold within and without, and made 
a crown of gold to it round about. And he cast for it four 



THE ARK A TYPE OF CHRIST. 159 

rings of gold, to be set by the four corners of it : even two 
rings upon the one side of it, and two rings upon the other 
side of it. And he made staves of shittim-wood, and over 
laid them with gold. And he put the staves into the rings 
by the sides of the ark, to bear the ark. 

And he made the mercy-seat of pure gold : two cubits and 
a half was the length thereof, and one cubit and a half the 
breadth thereof. And he made two cherubims of gold, beat- 
en out of one piece made he them, on the two ends of the 
mercy-seat; One cherub on the end on this side, and another 
churub on the end on that side ; out of the mercy-seat made 
he the cherubims on the two ends thereof. And the cheru- 
bims spread out their wings on high, and covered with their 
wings over the mercy-seat, with their faces one to another; 
even to the mercy-seat-ward were the faces of the cherubims. 
Ex. 37:1— 9. 

Antitype. These things have I spoken unto you, being 
yet present with you. But the Comforter, which is the Holy 
Ghost, whom the Father will send in my name, he shall teach 
you all things, and bring all things to your remembrance, what- 
soever I have said unto you. Peace I leave with you, my 
peace I give unto you: not as the world giveth, give I unto 
you. Let not your heart be troubled, neither let it be afraid. 
Ye have heard how I said unto you, I go away, and com<e 
again unto you. If ye loved me, ye would rejoice, because I 
said, I go unto the Father, for my Father is greater than I. 
And now I have told you before it come to pass, that when it 
is come to pass, ye might believe. Hereafter I will not talk 
much with you: for the prince of this world cometh, and hath 
nothing in me. But that the world may know that Hove the 
Father; and as the Father gave me commandment, even so I do. 
John 14: 25—31. 

The Ark, a type of Christ in going before the Tabernacle 
and Congregation of Israel as a guide in the wilderness, and 
conducting them in safety, and pointing out a resting place. 

Type. And they departed from the mount of the Lord 
three days' journey: and the ark of the covenant of the Lord 
went before them in the three days' journey, to search out a 



160 EXPOSITION OP THE TRINITIES. 

resting-place for them. And the cloud of the Lord was up- 
on them by day, when they went out of the camp. And it 
came to pass, when the ark set forward, that Moses said, Rise 
up, Lord, and let thine enemies be scattered; and let them 
that hate thee flee before thee. And when it rested, he said, 
Return, Lord, unto the many thousands of Israel. Numb. 
10: 33—36. 

Antitype. Then Spake Jesus again unto them, saying, I 
am the Light of the world; he that followeth me shall not walk 
in darkness, but shall have the light of life. The Pharisees 
therefore said unto him, Thou bearest record of thyself; thy 
record is not true. Jesus answered and said unto them, 
Though I bear record of myself, yet my record is true: for I 
know whence I came, and whither I go: but ye cannot tell 
whence I come, and whither I go. Ye judge after the flesh, 
I judge no man. And yet if I judge, my judgment is true: 
for I am not alone, but I and the Father that sent me. John 
8: 12—16. 

The Ark a type of Christ, in that before it incense and 
prayers were offered to God for Israel through the high 
priests, and answers returned through the same channel to 
the people. 

Type. And thou shalt make an altar to burn incense upon: 
of shittem-wood shalt thou make it. A cubit shall be the 
length thereof, and a cubit the breadth thereof; four-square 
shall it be; and two cubits shall be the height thereof: the 
horns thereof shall be of the same. And thou shalt overlay 
it with pure gold, the top thereof, and the sides thereof round 
about, and the horns thereof; and thou shalt make unto it a 
crown of gold round about. And two golden rings shalt 
thou make to it under the crown of it, by the two corners 
thereof, upon the two sides of it shalt thou make it; and they 
xshall be for places for the staves to bear it withal. And 
thou shalt make the staves of shittim-wood, and overlay them 
with gold. And thou shalt put it before the vail that is by 
the Ark of the testimony, before the mercy-seat that is over 
the testimony, where I will meet with thee. And Aaron shall 
burn thereon sweet incense every morning: when he dresseth 



MOSES A TYPE OF CHRIST. 161 

the lamps, he shall burn incense upon it. And when Aaron 
lighteth the lamps at even, he shall burn incense upon it; a 
perpetual incense before the Lord, throughout your genera- 
tions. Ye shall offer no strange incense thereon, nor burnt- 
sacrifice, nor meat-offering: neither shall ye pour drink-offer- 
ing thereon. And Aaron shall make an atonement upon the 
horas of it once a year, with the blood of the sin-offering of 
atonements: once in the year shall he make atonement upon 
it throughout your generations: it is most holy unto the Lord. 
Ex. 30: 1—10. 

Antitype. And being in Bethany, in the house of Simon 
the leper, as he sat at meat, there came a woman having an 
alabaster-box of ointment of spikenard, very precious; and she 
brake the box, and poured it on his head. And there were 
some that had indignation within themselves, and said, Why 
was this waste of the ointment made? For it might have 
been given to the poor. And they murmured against her. 
And Jesus Said, Let her alone; why trouble ye her ? she hath 
wrought a good work on me. For ye have the poor with 
you always, and whensoever ye will ye may do them good: 
but me ye have not always. She hath done what she could: 
she hath come aforehand to anoint my body to the burying. 
Yerily I say unto you, Wheresoever this gospel shall be 
preached throughout the whole world, this also that she hath 
done shall be spoken of, for a memorial of her. Mark 14: 
3—9. 

The walls of Jerico falling before the Ark of the Lord and 
the blowing of the ram's horns, symbolical of the fall of Sa- 
tan's kingdom before Christ and the preaching of his gospel. 

Type. Now Jericho was straitly shut up, because of the 
children of Israel: none went out and none came in. And 
the Lord said unto Joshua, See, I have given into thine hand, 
Jericho, and the king thereof, and the mighty men of valour. 
And ye shall compass the city, all ye men of war, and go 
round about the city once: thus shalt thou do six-days. And 
seven priests shall bear before the Ark seven trumpets of 
ram's horns: and the seventh day ye shall compass the city 
seven times, and the priests shall blow with the trumpets. 
11 



162 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

And it shall come to pass, that when they make a long blast 
with the ram's horn, and when ye hear the sound of the 
trumpet, all the people shall shout with a great shout: and 
the wall of the city shall fall down flat, and the people shall 
ascend up every man straight before him. 

And Joshua the son of Nun called the priests, and said 
unto them, Take up the ark of the covenant, and let seven 
priests bear seven trumpets of ram's horns before the ark of 
the Lord. And he said unto the people, Pass on, and com- 
pass the city, and let him that is armed pass on before the 
Ark of the Lord. And it came to pass, when Joshua had 
spoken unto the people, that the seven priests bearing the 
seven trumpets of ram's horns passed on before the Lord, and 
blew with the trumpets: and the ark of the covenant of the 
Lord followed them. Joshua 6: 1 — 8. So the people shout- 
ed when the priests blew with the trumpets: and it came to 
pass, when the people heard the sound of the trumpet, and 
the people shouted with a great shout, that the wall fell down 
flat, so that the people went up into the city, every man 
straight before him, and they took the city, lb. 20. 

Antitype. If there be therefore any consolation in Christ, 
if any comfort of love, if any fellowship of the Spirit, if any 
bowels of mercies, Fulfill ye my joy, that ye be like minded, 
having the same love, being of one accord of one mind. Let 
nothing be done through strife or vain glory; but in lowli- 
ness of mind let each esteem other better than themselves. 
Look not every man on his own things, but every man also 
on the things of others. Let this mind be in you, which was 
also in Christ Jesus. Who, being in the form of God, 
thought it not robbery to be equal with God: But made him- 
self of no reputation, and took upon himself the form of a 
servant, and was made in the likeness of men. And being 
found in fashion as a man, he humbled himself, and became 
obedient unto death, even the death of the cross. Wherefore 
God also hath highly exalted him, and given him a name 
which is above every name: That at the name of Jesus, every 
knee should bow, of things in heaven and things in earth. And 



MOSES A TYPE OF CHRIST. 163 

that every tongue should confess that Jesus Christ is Lord, to 
the glory of God the Father. Philippians 2: 1— -11. 

The blessings which accompanied the presence of the Ark, 
emblematical of the blessings which accompany the presence 
of the Lord Jesus Christ, both in Providence and grace. 

Type. And when they came to Nachon's threshing-floor, 
Uzzah put forth his hand to the ark of God, and took hold of 
it: for the oxen shook it. And the anger of the Lord was 
kindled against Uzzah, and God smote him there for his er- 
ror: and there he died by the ark of God. And David was 
displeased, because the Lord had made a breach upon Uzzah: 
and he called the name of the place Perez-uzzah to this day. 
And David was afraid of the Lord that day, and said, How 
shall the ark of the Lord come to me? So David would not 
remove the ark of the Lord unto him into the city of David: 
but David carried it aside into the house of Obed-edom the 
Gittite. And the ark of the Lord continued in the house of 
Obed-edom the Gittite three months : and the Lord blessed 
Obed-edom and all his household. 2 Samuel 6: 6 — 11. 

Antitype. He that hath my commandments, and keepeth 
them, he it is that loveth me: and he that loveth me, shall be 
loved of my Father, and I will love him, and manifest myself 
to him. Judas saith unto him, (not Iscariot,) Lord, how is it 
that thou wilt manifest thyself unto us, and not unto the 
world? Jesus answered and said unto him, If a man love me 
he will keep my words : and my Father will love him, and 
we will come unto him, and make our abode with him. He that 
loveth me not, keepeth not my sayings: and the word which 
ye hear is not mine, but the Father's which sent me. These 
things have I spoken unto you, being yet present with you. 
John 14: 21—25. 

The priests bearing the Ark of the Covenant and blowing 
the trumpets, typical of the salvation in Christ, preached by 
the Christian Ministry. 

Type. And Moses wrote this law, and delivered it unto 
the priests the sons of Levi, which bare the ark of the cove- 
nant of the Lord, and unto all the elders of Israel. And 
Moses commanded them, saying, At the end of every seven 



164 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

years, in the solemnity of the year of release, in the feast of 
tabernacles. When all Israel is come to appear before the 
Lord thy God in the place which he shall choose, thou shalt 
read this law before all Israel in their hearing. Gather the 
people together, men, and women, and children, and thy 
stranger that is within thy gates, that they may hear, and 
that they may learn, and fear the Lord your God, and ob- 
serve to do all the words of this law: And that their children 
which have not known any thing, may hear, and learn to fear 
the Lord your God, as long as ye live in the land wither ye go 
over Jordan to possess it. Deut. 31: 9 — 13. 

Antitype. After these things, the Lord appointed other 
seventy also, and sent them two and two before his face into 
every city, and place, whither he himself would come. There- 
fore said he unto them, The harvest truly is great, but the 
laborers are few: pray ye therefore the Lord of the harvesl, 
that he would send forth laborers into his harvest. Go 
your ways: behold, I send you forth as lambs among wolves. 
Carry neither purse, nor scrip, nor shoes: and salute no man 
by the way. And into whatsoever house ye enter, first say, 
Peace be to this house. And if the son of peace be there, your 
peace shall rest upon it, if not, it shall return to you again. 
And in the same house remain, eating and drinking such 
things as they give: for the laborer is worthy of his hire. 
Go not from house to house. And into whatsoever city ye 
enter, and they receive you, eat such things as are set before 
you. And heal the sick that are therein, and say unto them, 
The kingdom of God is come nigh unto you. But into what- 
soever city ye enter, and they receive you not, go your ways 
out into the streets of the same, and say, Even the very dust 
of your city which cleaveth on us, we do wipe off against 
you: notwithstanding, be sure of this, that the kingdom of 
God is come nigh unto you. But I say unto you, That it 
shall be more tolerable in that day for Sodom than for that 
city. Wo unto thee, Chorazin ! wo unto thee, Bethsaida ! 
for if the mighty works had been done in Tyre and Sidon, 
which have been done in you, they had a great while ago re- 
pented, sitting in sackcloth and ashes. But it shall be more 



MOSES A TYPE OP CHRIST. 165 

tolerable for Tyre and Sidon at the judgment, than for you. 
And thou, Capernaum, which art exalted to heaven, shalt be 
thrust down to hell. He that heareth you, heareth me; and 
he that despiseth you, despiseth me; and he that despiseth 
me, despiseth him that sent me. And the seventy returned 
again with joy, saying, Lord, even the devils are subject unto us 
through thy name. Luke 10: 1 — 17. 

The rest which the Ark received after David placed it in 
the tent which he pitched for it in Jerusalem, emblematical 
of the rest of the saints in Christ Jesus. 

Type. So they brought the ark of God, and set it in the 
midst of the tent that David had pitched for it: and they 
offered burnt-sacrifices and peace-offerings before God. And 
when David had made an end of offering the burnt-offerings 
and the peace-offerings, he blessed the people in the name of 
the Lord. And he dealt to every one of Israel, both man 
and woman, to every one a loaf of bread, and a good piece 
of flesh, and a flagon of wine. 1 Chron. 16: 1 — 3. 

Antitype. That the Lord Jesus, the same night in which 
he was betrayed, took bread: And when he had given thanks, 
he brake it, and said, Take eat: this is my body, which isbroken 
for you: this do in remembrance of me. After the same man- 
ner also he took the cup, when he had supped, saying, This 
cup is the new testament in my blood: this do ye, as oft as ye 
drink it, in remembrance of me. For as oft as ye eat this 
bread, and drink this cup, ye do shew the Lord's death till he 
come. 1 Cor. 11: 23—26. 

The Ark of the Covenant being deposited in Solomon's 
Temple by the king, typical of the establishment of the 
Christian Church under the Power and Spirit of the Lord 
Jesus Christ. 

Type. Then Solomon assembled the elders of Israel, and 
all the heads of the tribes, the chief of the fathers of the chil- 
dren of Israel, unto king Solomon in Jeruselem, that they 
might bring up the ark of the covenant of the Lord out of 
the city of David, which is Zion. And all the men of Israel 
assembled themselves unto king Solomon at the feast in the 
month Ethanim, which is the seventh month. And all the 



166 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

elders of Israel came, and the priests took up the ark. And 
they brought up the ark of the Lord, and the tabernacle of 
the congregation, and all the holy vessels that were in the 
tabernacle, even those did the priests and the Levites bring 
up. And king Solomon, and all the congregation of Israel, 
that were assembled unto him, were with him before the ark, 
sacrificing sheep and oxen, that could not be told nor num- 
bered for multitude. And the priests brought in the ark of 
the covenant of the Lord unto his place, into the oracle of 
the house, to the most holy place, even under the wings of 
the cherubims. For the cherubims spread forth their two 
wings over the place of the ark, and the cherubims covered 
the ark and the staves thereof above. And they drew out 
the staves, that the ends of the staves were seen out in the 
holy place before the oracle, and they were not seen without: 
and there they are unto this day. There was nothing in the 
ark save the two tables of stone, which Moses put there at 
Horeb, when the Lord made a covenant with the children of 
Israel, when they came out of the land of Egypt. And it 
came to pass, when the priests were come out of the holy 
place, that the cloud filled the house of the Lord. So that 
the priests could not stand to minister because of the cloud: 
for the glory of the Lord had filled the house of the Lord. — 
1 Kings 8: 1—11. 

Antitype. Wives, submit yourselves unto your own hus- 
bands, as unto the Lord. For the husband ia the head of the 
wife, even as Christ is the head of the Church: and he is the 
Savior of the body. Therefore as the Church is subject unto 
Christ, so let the wives be to their own husbands in every 
thing. Husbands, love your wives, even as Christ also loved 
the Church, and gave himself for it; that he might sanctify 
and cleanse it with the washing of water by the Word. That 
he might present it to himself a glorious Church, not having 
spot or wrinkle, or any such thing; but that it should be holy 
and without blemish. So ought men to love their wives, as 
their own bodies. He that loveth his wife loveth himself. — 
For no man ever yet hated his own flesh; but nourisheth and 
cherisheth it, even as the Lord the Church. For we are 



MOSES A TYPE OF CHRIST. 167 

members of his body, of his flesh, and of his bones. For this 
cause shall a man leave his father and mother, and shall be 
joined unto his wife, and they two shall be one flesh. This 
is a great mystery: but I speak concerning Christ and the 
Church. Ephesians 5: 22—32. 

We are not told in the Scriptures what was the fate or end 
of the Ark. The general opinion seems to be that it remained 
in Solomon's Temple until it was destroyed by Nebuchadnez- 
zar, when in all probability it shared the fate of the Temple, 
and if so, we consider it a further type of Christ in his cru- 
cifixion ; but it is unnecessary to multiply analogies where 
they do not evidently appear, and those we have considered 
are sufficient to establish the important fact of its typical 
character. It was ever considered the most sacred and signifi- 
cant appendage of both the Tabernacle and Temple. 

In dismissing this important type of Christ, we could not 
do better, perhaps, than to give its nature and design in the 
language of an intelligent author on the subject : 

"The Ark of the Covenant was, as it were, the centre of wor- 
ship to all those of the Hebrew nation, who serve God accord- 
ing to the Levitical Law, and not only in the Temple when 
they came thither to worship, but every where else in their dis- 
persions through the whole world, whenever they prayed, 
they turned their faces toward the place where the Ark stood 
and directed all their devotions that way." Daniel 6: 10. 
Whence the author of the book of Casni, justly says, That 
the Ark with the mercy-seat and cherubims, were the founda- 
tion, heart, and marrow, of the whole Temple, and all the 
Levitical worship performed therein, and therefore had 
there been nothing else wanting in the second Temple, 
but the Ark only, this alone would have been a sufficient 
reason for the old men to have wept, when they remembered 
the first Temple in which it stood, and for the saying of 
Haggai 2: 3, that the second Temple was as nothing compared 
with the first, so great a share had the Ark of the Covenant in 
the glory of Solomon's Temple. However, the defect was 
supplied as to the outward form, for in the second Temple 
there was also an ark, of the same dimensions of the first, 



168 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

and put in the same place ; but it wanted the tables of the 
law, Aaron's rod, and the pot of manna. Nor was there any 
appearance of the Divine glory over it, nor any oracles de- 
livered from it. The only use made of it was to be a repre- 
sentation of the former, on the great day of expiation, and 
to be a repository of the Holy Scriptures ; that is, of the 
original copy of that collection of them made by Ezra, after 
the captivity. In imitation of which the Jews in all their 
synagogues, have a like ark or coffer, in which they keep 
their Scriptures. 

The place of the Temple where the ark stood, was the in- 
nermost, and most sacred part, called the Holy of Holies, 
and sometimes the most holy place which was made on pur- 
pose for its reception. This was of an exact cubic form, 
being thirty feet square and as many high. In the centre of 
it, the Ark was placed upon a stone, say the rabbins, rising 
three fingers breadth above the floor. On the two ends of it 
stood two cherebims fifteen feet high, at equal distance be- 
tween the centre of the ark and each side of the wall, where 
having their wings expanded, with two of them they touched 
the sides of the walls, whilst the other two met, and touched 
each other exactly over the middle of the Ark. Was not the 
Jewish Ark, typical of Jesus Christ ? How excellent and 
glorious his Person ; how marvelous the union of his two 
natures ; his Father's law was in his heart, and was magni- 
fied and made honorable by the atonement of his human na- 
ture ; he is the delightful rest of his Father ; the great cen- 
tre of religious worship ; the matter of both covenants ; the 
wonder of angels and the perfected spirits of just men. He 
was solemnly consecrated to his work by the Spirit of Grace; 
for a long time he had no settled abode on earth; having 
finished transgression and made an end of sin, he with great 
solemnity, entered into the Temple above, nor shall he ever 
be lost or change his residence. The Ark of God's testament 
is seen in his temple, when Jesus Christ, and the mysteries 
of his grace are clearly seen and known. What a wonder- 
ful evidence of Divine favor and protection to Israel, was the 
Ark of the Covenant ! When Eli heard it was taken, he 



THE TABERNACLE, AC. 169 

bowed himself and brake his neck, and his daughter-in-law 
exclaimed, The glory is departed. Here the sacred oracles 
were given: for here, said Jehovah to Moses, will I meet 
with thee, and commune with thee from between the cheru- 
bims above the mercy-seat, upon the Ark of the testimony, 
Ex. 25: 22. Christ is the Person in whom alone a just God 
and guilty man can meet, in and through him only he com- 
munes with us, by the manifestations of his favor. The dis- 
parted waves of Jordan, and the fallen walls of Jericho, con- 
fess the Ark of Jehovah's strength. And let the Christian 
Church remember the words of the Lord Jesus, " Without 
me ye can do nothing." John 15: 5. 



CHAPTER III. 



THE TABERNACLE AND ITS CONTENTS, TYPICAL OF THE PLAN OP 
REDEMPTION. 

In the Tabernacle and its contents we discover three types 
of Christ, and a three-fold Trinity. 

The types of Christ, are 1. The Ark of the Covenant; 
2. Aaron, the high priest ; and 3. The Tabernacle itself. 

The Trinities, are 1. The Spiritual Trinity, in Creation;. and 
legislation, which were located upon the mercy-seat of the Ark; 
the bright cloud symbolizing the Father, the Word which he 
Spake, and the Holy Ghost, as always through which he Spake, 

2. The symbolic Trinity, in the contents of the Ark. " The 
manna symbolized the Father, the life or spirit of the manna 
was an emblem of the Holy Ghost, and the law, on the two 
tables of stone, was a symbol of the Word, and Aaron's rod 
that budded, was a symbol of the Authority of the Word. — 

3. The Compound, Executive, Typical Trinity, in Redemp- 
tion, symbolized and typified, in the person of Moses, Aaron, 



170 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

and Aaron's sons. *Moses symbolized the Father, Aaron typi- 
fied the Son, and Aaron's sons symbolized the Holy Ghost. 

These Types, symbols, emblems, and substantives, dwelling in 
the Tabernacle, constituted the Tabernacle an expressive type 
of Christ, in whom dwelt the fullness of the Godhead bodily. 

■We will now proceed to show the operations of the Trini- 
ties, Spiritual and Compound; and the harmony and coinci- 
dences between the Types and Antitypes: These Types and 
Antitypes will be collated generally in braces of two sections; 
one to each class, as heretofore; the Type always illustrating 
the Antitype, and each succeeding one rendering the operations 
of the Trinity more clear. 

EXAMPLE. 

The Tabernacle which typified Christ was a material struc- 
ture, made through the wisdom and understanding ofBezaleel, 
and Aholiab, who symbolized the Spirit of Wisdom, by whose 
agency the humanity of Christ was Created. 

Type. Then wrought Bezaleel and Aholiab, and every 
wise-hearted man, in whom the Lord put wisdom and under- 
standing to know how to work all manner of work for the 
service of the sanctuary, according to all that the Lord had 
commanded. And Moses called Bezaleel and Aholiab, and 
every wise-hearted man, in whose heart the Lord had put 
wisdom, even every one whose heart stirred him up to come 
unto the work to do it. And they received of Moses all the 
offering which the children of Israel had brought for the 
work of the service of the sanctuary, to make it withal. And 
they brought yet unto him free-offerings every morning. — 
And all the wise men, that wrought all the work of the sanc- 
tuary, came every man from his work which they made.-— 
Ex. 36: 1—4. 

Antitype. Now the birth of Jesus Christ was on this 
wise: When as his mother Mary was espoused to Joseph, be- 



*Moses symbolized the Father, as king, and typified the Son as media- 
tor. See Deu. 33: 5. 



THE TABERNACLE, &C. 171 



fore they came together, she was found with child of the Holy 
Ghost. Then Joseph her husband, being a just man, and not 
willing to make her a public example, was minded to put her 
away privily, but while he thought on these things, behold, 
the angel of the Lord appeared unto him in a dream, saying, 
Joseph, thou son of David, fear not to take unto thee Mary 
thy wife: for that which is conceived in her is of the Holy 
Ghost. And she shall bring forth a Son, and thou shalt call 
his name Jesus: for he shall save his people from their sins. 
Now all this was done, that it might be fulfilled which was 
spoken of the Lord by the prophet, saying, Behold, a virgin 
shall be with child, and shall bring forth a Son, and they shall 
call his name Emmanuel, which being interpreted is, God 
with us. Then Joseph, being raised from sleep, did as the 
angel of the Lord had bidden him, and took unto him his 
wife: And knew her not till she had brought forth her first- 
born Son; and he called his name Jesus. Mat. 1: 18 — 25. 

Type. And thou shalt take the anointing oil, and anoint 
the Tabernacle, and all that is therein, and shalt hallow it, 
and all the vessels thereof: and it shall be holy. And thou 
shalt anoint the altar of the burnt-offering, and all his ves- 
sels, and sanctify the altar: and it shall be an altar most 
holy. And thou shalt anoint the laver and his foot, and 
sanctify it. And thou shalt bring Aaron and his sons unto 
the door of the Tabernacle of the congregation, and wash 
them with water. And thou shalt put upon Aaron the holy 
garments, and anoint him, and sanctify him; that he may 
minister unto me in the priest's office. And thou shalt bring 
his sons, and clothe them with coats: And thou shalt anoint 
them, as thou didst their father, that they may minister unto 
me in the priest's office: for their anointing shall surely be 
an everlasting priesthood throughout their generations. — 
Thus did Moses; according to all thatthe Lord commanded 
him, so did he. Ex. 40: 9—16. 

Antitype. Then Jesus, six days before the passover, came 
to Bethany, where Lazarus was which had been dead, whom 
he raised from the dead. There they made him a supper; 
and Martha served: but Lazarus was one of them that sat at 



172 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

the table with him. Then took Mary & pound of ointment of 
spikenard, very costly, and anointed the feet of Jesus, and 
wiped his feet with her hair: and the house was filled with 
the odor of the ointment. Then saith one of his disciples, 
Judas Iscariot, Simon's son, which should betray him: Why 
was not this ointment sold for three hundred pence, and giv- 
en to the poor? This he said, not that he cared for the 
poor; but because he was a thief, and had the bag, and bare 
what was put therein. Then said Jesus, Let her alone: 
against the day of my burying hath she kept this. For the 
poor always ye have with you; but me ye have not always. 
Much people of the Jews therefore knew that he was there: 
and they came, not for Jesus' sake only, but that they might 
see Lazarus also, whom he had raised from the dead. John 
12: 1—9. 

Aaron and his sons consecrated to the priestly office by the 
blood of the sacrifice for a sin-offering, typical of the sacrifice 
of the humanity of Christ for the sins of the world. 

Type. And he (Moses) brought the bullock for the sin- 
offering: and Aaron and his sons laid their hands upon the 
head of the bullock for the sin-offering. And he slew it; and 
Moses took the blood, and put it upon the horns of the altar 
round about with his finger, and purified the altar, and pour- 
ed the blood at the bottom of the alter, and sanctified it, to 
make reconciliation upon it. And he took all the fat that 
was upon the inwards, and the caul above the liver, and the 
two kidDeys, and their fat, and Moses burned it upon the 
altar. But the bullock, and his hide, his flesh, and his dung, 
he burnt with fire without the camp: as the Lord commaded 
Moses. Leviticus 8: 14 — 17. 

Antitype. But Christ being come an high priest of good 
things to come, by a greater and more 'perfect Tabernacle, not 
made with hands, that is to say, not of this building. Neither 
by the blood of goats and calves, but by his own blood, he en- 
tered in once into the holy place, having obtained eternal 
redemption for us. For if the blood of bulls and of goats, 
and the ashes of an heifer sprinkling the unclean, sanctifieth 
to the purifying of the flesh: How much more shall the blood 



THE TABERNACLE, &C. 173 

of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered himself with- 
out spot to God, purge your conscience from dead works to 
serve the living God ? And for this cause he is the Mediator 
of the new testament, that by means of death, for the redemp- 
tion of the transgressions that were under the first testament, 
they which are called might receive the promise of eternal 
inheritance. For where a testament is, there must also of 
necessity be the death of the testator. For a testament is of 
force after men are dead: otherwise it is of no strength at 
all while the testator liveth. Whereupon neither the first 
testament was dedicated without blood. Heb. 9: 11 — 18. 

After Aaron, as high priest and type of Christ, had offered 
all the sacrifices according to the commandment, he lifted up 
his hand and blessed the people in the name of the Lord. 

Type. And Aaron lifted up his hand toward the people, 
and blessed them; and came down from offering of the sin- 
offering, and the burnt-offering, and peace-offerings. And 
Moses and Aaron went into the Tabernacle of the congrega- 
tion, and came out, and blessed the people: and the glory of 
the Lord appeared unto all the people. And there came a 
fire out from before the Lord, and consumed upon the altar 
the burnt-offering and the fat: which when all the people 
saw, they shouted, and fell on their faces. Lev. 9: 22 — 24. 

Antitype. And he led them out as far as Bethany: and 
he lifted up his hands, and blessed them. And it came to pass, 
while he blessed them, he was parted from them, and carried 
up into heaven. And they worshiped him, and returned to 
Jerusalem with great joy. And were continually in the 
temple praising and blessing God. Luke 24: 50 — 53. 

The leprosy being a symbol of sin, the ceremonies to be 
observed by the priest for its cleansing, typified the cleansing 
efficacy of the blood of Christ for sin. 

Type. And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying, This shall 
be the law of the leper in the day of his cleansing: He shall 
be brought unto the priest: And the priest shall go forth out 
of the camp: and the priest shall look, and behold, if the 
plague of the leprosy be healed in the leper; Then shall the 
priest command to take for him that is to be cleansed two 



174 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

birds alive and clean, and cedar-wood, and scarlet, and hys- 
sop. And the priest shall command that one of the birds be 
killed in an earthen vessel, over running water. As for the 
living bird, he shall take it, and the cedar-wood, and the 
scarlet, and the hyssop, and shall dip them, and the living 
bird, in the blood of the bird that was killed over the running 
water. And he shall sprinkle upon him that is to be cleans- 
ed from the leprosy seven times, and shall pronounce him 
clean, and shall let the living bird loose into the open field. 
And he that is to be cleansed shall wash his clothes, and 
shave off all his hair, and wash himself in water, that he may 
be clean: and after that he shall come into the camp, and shall 
tarry abroad out of his tent seven days. But it shall be on 
the seventh day, that he shall shave all his hair off his head, 
and his beard, and his eye-brows, even all his hair he shall 
shave off ; and he shall wash his clothes, also he shall wash 
his flesh in water, and he shall be clean. And on the eighth 
day he shall take two he-lambs without blemish, and one ewe- 
lamb of the first year without blemish, and three tenth-deals 
of fine flour for a meat-offering, mingled with oil, and one log 
of oil. And the priest that maketh him clean, shall present 
the man that is made clean, and those things, before the Lord, 
at the door of the tabernacle of the congregation, &c. Lev. 
14: 1—11. 

Antitype. This then is the message which we have heard 
of him, and declare unto you, that God is light, and in him 
is no darkness at all. If we say that we have fellowship 
with him, and walk in darkness, we lie, and do not the truth: 
But if we walk in the light, as he is in the light, we have 
fellowship one with another, and the blood of Jesus Christ his 
Son cleanseth us from all sin. If we say that we have no sin, 
we deceive ourselves, and the truth is not in us. If we con- 
fess our sins, he is faithful and just to forgive us our sins, and 
to cleanse us from all unrighteousness. If we say that we 
have not sinned, we make him a liar, and his word is not in 
us. 1 John, 1: 5 — 10. 

The blood of the beasts offered in sacrifice, and all others 
that are eaten, being the life of the beasts, is forbidden to be 



THE TABERNACLE, &C. 175 

eaten, as it also typifies the blood of Christ, shed to make 
an atonement for sin. 

Type. And whatsoever man there be of the house of Is- 
rael, or of the strangers that sojourn among you, that eateth 
any manner of blood; I will even set my face against that 
soul that eateth blood, and will cut him off from among his 
people. For the life of the flesh is the blood: and I have giv- 
en it to you upon the altar, to make an atonement for your 
souls: for it is the blood that maketh an atonement for the 
soul. Therefore I said unto the children of Israel, No soul 
of you shall eat blood, neither shall any stranger that sojourn- 
eth among you eat blood. And whatsoever man there be of 
the children of Israel, or of the stangers that sojourn among 
you, which hunteth and catcheth any beast or fowl that may 
be eaten; he shall even pour out the blood thereof, and cover 
it over with dust. For it is the life of all flesh, the blood of 
it is for the life thereof : therefore I said unto the children 
of Israel, Ye shall eat the blood of no manner of flesh; for 
the life of all flesh is the blood thereof: whosoever eateth it 
shall be cut off. And every soul that eateth that which died 
of itself, or that which was torn with beasts, (whether it be 
one of your own country, or a stranger,) he shall both wash 
his clothes, and bathe himself in water, and be unclean un- 
til the even: then shall he be clean. But if he wash them 
not, nor bathe his flesh; then shall he bear his iniquity. — 
Leviticus 17: 10—16. 

Antitype. I am the good shepherd, and know my sheep, 
and am known of mine. As the Father knoweth me, even 
so know I the Father: and I lay down my life for the sheep. 
And other sheep I have, which are not of this fold: them 
also I must bring, and they shall hear my voice; and there 
shall be one fold and one shepherd. Therefore doth my Fa- 
ther love me, because I lay down my life, that I might take it 
again. No man taketh it from me, but Hay it down of myself . 
I have power to lay it down, and I have power to take it again. 
This commandment have I received of my Father. John 10: 
14—18. 

Strict obedience required of God's people in order to holi- 



176 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

ness and the enjoyment of his promised inheritance, typical 
of that obedience to Christ necessary to the obtainment of 
that rest which remaineth for the people of God. 

Type. Ye shall therefore keep all my statutes, and all 
my judgments, and do them: that the land whither I bring you 
to dwell therein, spue you not out. And ye shall not walk 
in the manners of the nations which I cast out before you: 
for they committed all these things, and therefore I abhorred 
them. But I have said unto you, Ye shall inherit their land, 
and I will give it unto you to possess it, a land that floweth 
with milk and honey: I am the Lord your God, which sepa- 
rated you from other people. Ye shall therefore put differ- 
ence between clean beasts and unclean, and between unclean 
fowls and clean: and ye shall not make your souls abominable 
by beast or by fowl, or by any manner of living thing that 
creepeth on the ground, which I have separated from you as 
unclean. And ye shall be holy unto me: for I the Lord am 
holy, and have severed you from other people, that ye should 
be mine. Leviticus 20: 22—26. 

Antitype. Furthermore then we beseech you brethren, 
and exhort you by the Lord Jesus, that as ye have received 
of us how ye ought to walk and to please God, so ye would 
abound more and more. For ye know what commandments 
we gave you by the Lord Jesus. For this is the will of God, 
even your sanctifi cation: That every one of you should know 
how to possess his vessel in sanctiftcation&nd honor; Not in the 
lust of concupiscence, even as the Gentiles which know not 
God: That no man go beyond and defraud his brother in any 
matter: because that the Lord is the avenger of all such, as 
we also have forewarned you and testified. For God hath 
not called us unto uncleanness, but unto holiness. He there- 
fore that despiseth, despiseth not man, but God who hath 
also given unto us his Holy Spirit. But as touching brotherly 
love ye need not that I write unto you: for ye yourselves are 
taught of God to love one another. And indeed ye do it to- 
ward all the brethren which are in all Macedonia: but we 
beseech you, brethren, that ye increase more and more. — 
1 Thessalonians 4: 1 — 10. 



THE TABERNACLE, &C. 177 

The purity and holiness required in the priesthood, em- 
blematical of Christ's purity and holiness, also the natural 
perfection of the body and its members, typical of the perfec- 
tion of Christ's body. 

Type. They shall be holy unto God, and not profane the 
name of their God: for the offerings of the Lord made by 
fire, and the bread of their God they do offer: therefore they 
shall be holy. They shall not take a wife that is a whore, or 
profane; neither shall they take a woman put away from her 
husband: for he is holy unto his God. Thou shalt sanctify 
him therefore, for he offereth the bread of thy God: he shall 
be holy unto thee: for I the Lord, which sanctify you, am 
holy. Leviticus 21: 6 — 8. 

Antitype. The kings of the earth stood up, and the ru- 
lers were gathered together against the Lord, and against 
his Christ. For of a truth, against thy Holy Child Jesus, whom 
thou hast anointed, both Herod, and Pontius Pilate, with the 
Gentiles, and the people of Israel, were gathered together, 
For to do whatsoever thy hand and thy counsel determined 
before to be done. And now, Lord, behold *their threaten- 
ings: and grant unto thy servants, that with all boldness 
they may speak thy Word, By stretching forth thine hand to 
heal; and that signs smd wonders may be done by the name of 
thine Holy Child Jesus. Acts 4: 26 — 30. 

The shewbread taken from the people and set in order on 
the holy table for the priests' portion, typical of the provision 
required by Christ and his ministry in the gospel Dispensa- 
tion. 

Type. And thou shalt take fine flour, and bake twelve 
cakes thereof: two tenth-deals shall be in one cake. And 
thou shalt set them in two rows, six on a row, upon the pure 
table before the Lord. And thou shalt put pure frankincense 
upon each row, that it may be on the bread for a memorial, 
even an offering made by fire unto the Lord. Every sabbath 
he shall set it in order before the Lord continually, being 
taken from the children of Israel by an everlasting covenant. 
And it shall be Aaron's and his sons'; and they shall eat it in 
the holy place: for it is most holy unto him of the offerings 
12 



178 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

of the Lord made by fire by a perpetual statute. Leviticus 
24: 4—9. 

Antitype. And beginning at Moses, and all the prophets, 
he expounded unto them in all the scriptures the things con- 
cerning himself. And they drew unto the village whither 
they went: and he made as though he would have gone fur- 
ther. But they constrained him, saying, Abide with us: for 
it is toward evening, and the day is far spent. And he went 
in to tarry with them. And it came to pass, as he sat at 
meat with them, he took bread, and blessed it, and brake and 
gave to them. And their eyes were opened, and they knew 
him: and he vanished out of their sight. And they said one 
to another, did not our hearts burn within us while he talked 
with us by the way, and opened to us the scriptures? Luke 
24: 27—32. 

The Israelites are threatened with bondage under their 
enemies in the event of their contempt and violation of his 
institutions and commands, but when they repent they had 
the promise of restoration to liberty, and their ancient inheri- 
tance ; this typical of the spiritual bondage of sin, and re- 
demption by the blood of Christ, to an heavenly inheritance. 

Symbol. If they shall confess their iniquity, and the ini- 
quity of their fathers, with their trespass which they tres- 
passed against me, and that also they have walked contrary 
unto me; And that I have walked contrary unto them, and 
have brought them into the land of their enemies; if then 
their uncircumcised hearts be humbled, and they then accept 
of the punishment of their iniquity: Then will I remember 
my covenant with Jacob, and also my covenant with Isaac, 
and also my covenant with Abraham will I remember; and I 
will remember the land. The land also shall be left to them, 
and shall enjoy her sabbaths, while she lieth desolate without 
them: and they shall accept of the punishment of their ini- 
quity; because, even because they despised my judgments, 
and because their soul abhorred my statutes. And yet for 
all that, when they be in the land of their enemies, I will not 
cast them away, neither will I abhor them, to destroy them 
utterly, and to break my covenant with them: for I am the 



&o. 179 

Lord their God. But I will for their sakes remember the 
covenant of their ancestors, whom I brought forth out of the 
land of Egypt in the sight of the heathen, that I might be 
their God: I am the Lord. These are the statutes, and 
judgments, and laws, which the Lord made between him 
and the children of Israel in mount Sinai by the hand of Mo- 
ses. 

Substantive. Now when they heard this, they were pricked 
in their heart, and said unto Peter and the rest of the apos- 
tles, Men and brethren, what shall we do ? Then Peter said 
unto them, Repent, and be baptized every one of you in the 
name of Jesus Christ, for the remission of sins, and ye shall 
receive the gift of the Holy Ghost. For the promise is unto 
you, and to your children, and to all that are afar off, even as 
many as the Lord our God shall call. And with many other 
words did he testify and exhort, saying, Save yourselves from 
this untoward generation. Then they that gladly received 
his word, were baptized: and the same day there were added 
unto them about three thousand souls. Acts 2: 37 — 41. 

The Levites are specially set apart for the service of the 
Tabernacle, and their maintenance provided for; this typical 
of the ministry and their avocations in the gospel Dispensation. 

Type. But thou shalt appoint the Levites over the Taber- 
nacle of testimony, and over all the vessels thereof, and over 
all things that belong to it: they shall bear the tabernacle, 
and all the vessels thereof, and they shall minister to it, and 
shall encamp round about the tabernacle. And when the 
tabernacle setteth forward, the Levites shall take it down; 
and when the tabernacle is to be pitched, the Levites shall 
set it up: and the stranger that cometh nigh shall be put to 
death. And the children of Israel shall pitch their tents, 
every man by his own camp, and every man by his own 
standard, throughout their hosts. But the Levites shall 
pitch round about the Tabernacle of testimony: that there 
be no wrath upon the congregation of the children of Is- 
rael: and the Levites shall keep the charge of the Taber- 
nacle of testimony. And the children of Israel did accor- 



180 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

ding to all that the Lord commanded Moses, so did thev. — 
Numbers 1: 50—54. 

Substantive. And in those days, when the number of the 
disciples was multiplied, there arose a murmuring of the Gre- 
cians against the Hebrews, because their widows were neg- 
lected in the daily miinstration. Then the twelve called the 
multitude of the disciples unto them, and said, It is not rea- 
son that we should leave the word of God, and serve tables. 
Wherefore, brethren, look ye out among you seven men of hon- 
est report, full of the Holy Ghost and wisdom, whom we may 
appoint over this business. But we will give ourselves continually 
to prayer, and to the ministry of the Word. And the saying 
pleased the whole multitude: and they chose Stephen, a man 
full of faith and of the Holy Ghost, and Philip, and Procho- 
rus, and Nicanor, and Timon, and Parmenas, and Nicholas a 
proselyte of Antioch ; Whom they set before the apostles: 
and when they had prayed, they laid their hands on them. — 
And the word of God increased; and the number of the dis- 
ciples multiplied in Jerusalem greatly; and a great company 
of the priests were obedient to the faith. And Stephen, full 
of faith and power, did great wonders and miracles among 
the people. Acts 6: 1 — 8. 

The Tabernacle being completed and all its furniture ar- 
ranged, and officers appointed to conduct the emblematic 
ceremonies; the Passover is commanded to be kept to renew 
the Covenant, and keep in memory the object and purpose of 
its institution, to-wit : to point the Israelites to the Lamb to 
be slain for the sin of the world. 

Symbol. And the Lord Spake unto Moses in the wilder- 
ness of Sinai, in the first month of the second year after they 
were come out of the land of Egypt, saying, Let the children 
of Israel also keep the Passover at his appointed season. In 
the fourteenth day of this month, at even, ye shall keep it in 
his appointed season: according s to all the rites of it, and 
according to all the ceremonies thereof, shall ye keep it. — 
And Moses spake unto the children of Israel, that they should 
keep the passover. And they kept the passover on the four- 
teenth day of the first month at even in the wilderness of Si- 



THE TABERNACLE, &C. 181 

nai: according to all that the Lord commanded Moses, so did 
the children of Israel. Numbers 9: 1 — 5. 

Substantive. And if ye call on the Father, who without 
respect of persons juclgeth according to every man's work, 
pass the time of your sojourning here in fear: Forasmuch as 
ye know that ye were not redeemed with corruptible things, 
as silver and gold, from your vain conversation received by 
tradition from your fathers: But with the precious blood of 
Christ, as of a Lamb without blemish and without spot'. Who 
verily was fore-ordained before the foundation of the world, 
but was manifest in these last times for you. Who by him 
do believe in God, that raised him up from the dead, and gave 
him glory; that your faith and hope might be in God. See- 
ing ye have purified your souls in obeying the truth through 
the Spirit unto unfeigned love of the brethren, see that ye 
love one onother with a pure heart fervently: Being born 
again, not of corruptible seed, but of incorruptible, by the 
Word of God, which liveth and abideth for ever. For all 
flesh is as grass, and all the glory of man as the flower of 
grass. The grass withereth, and the flower thereof falleth 
away: But the Word of the Lord endureth forever. And 
this is the Word which by the gospel is preached unto you. — 
1 Peter 1:17— 25. 

The twelve elders of Israel sent by Moses to search the 
land of Canaan, typical of the twelve Apostles chosen and 
sent out by Christ, to preach the gospel. 

Type. And Moses sent them to spy out the land of Ca- 
naan, and said unto them, Get you out this way southward, 
and go up into the mountain: And see the land, what it is; 
and the people that dwelleth therein, whether they be strong 
or weak, few or many: And what the land is that they dwell 
in, whether it be good or bad; and what cities they be that 
they dwell in, whether in tents, or in strong holds; And what 
the land is, whether it be fat or lean, whether there be wood 
therein, or not. And be ye of good courage, and bring of 
the fruit of the land. Now the time was the time of the first 
ripe grapes. So they went up, and searched the land from 



182 EXPOSITION OF THE TEINITIES. 

the wilderness of Zin unto Rehob, as men cometh to Hamath. 
Numbers 13: 17—21. 

Antitype. And when he had called unto him his twelve 
disciples, he gave them power against unclean spirits, to cast 
them out, and to heal all manner of sickness, and all manner 
of disease. Mat. 10: 1. Behold, I send you forth as sheep in 
the midst of wolves: be ye therefore wise as serpents, and 
harmless as doves. But beware of men: for they will deliver 
you up to the councils, and they will scourge you in their 
synagogues. And ye shall be brought before governors and 
kings for my sake, for a testimony against them and the Gen- 
tiles. But when they deliver you up, take no thought how or 
what ye shall speak, for it shall be given you in that same 
hour what ye shall speak. For it is not ye that speak, but 
the Spirit of your Father which Speaketh in you. And the 
brother shall deliver up the brother to death, and the father 
the child: and the children shall rise up against their parents, 
and cause them to be put to death. And ye shall be hated of 
all men for my nameHs sake: but he that endureth to the end 
shall be saved. Mat. 10: 16—22. 

The fear which filled the hearts of the ten spies who 
brought back an evil report of the land of Canaan, emblema- 
tical of the fears of the world and timid Christians of the 
difficulties of a Christian life, and the supposed impossibilities 
of overcoming their numerous and mighty spiritual enemies. 

Symbols. And they went and came to Moses, and to 
Aaron, and to all the congregation of the children of Israel, 
unto the wilderness of Paran, to Kadesh; and brought back 
word unto them, and unto all the congregation, and shewed 
them the fruit of the land. And they told him, and said, We 
came unto the land whither thou sentest us, and surely it flow- 
eth with milk and honey; and this is the fruit of it. Never- 
theless, the people be strong that dwell in the land, and the 
cities are walled, and very great: and moreover, we saw the 
children of Anak there. The Amalekites dwell in the land 
of the south: and the Hittites, and the Jebusites, and the 
Amorites, dwell in the mountains; and the Canaanites dwell 
by the sea, and by the coast of Jordan. And Caleb stilled 



THE TABERNACLE, &C. 183 



the people before Moses, and said, Let us go up at once, and 
possess it; for we are well able to overcome it. But the 
men that went up with him said, We be not able to go up 
against the people; for they are stronger than we. And 
they brought up an evil report of the land which they had 
searched unto the children of Israel, saying, The land through 
which we have gone to search it, is a land that eateth up the 
inhabitants thereof; and all the people that we saw in it are 
men of a great stature. And there we saw the giants, the 
sons of Anak, which come of the giants: and we were in our 
sight as grasshoppers, and so we were in their sight. Num. 
13: 26—33. 

Substantive. And I saw a new Heaven and a new earth; 
for the first heaven and the first earth were passed away; and 
there was no more sea. And I, John, saw the holy city, new 
Jerusalem, coming down from God out of heaven prepared 
as a bride adorned for her husband. And I heard a great 
voice out of heaven, saying, Behold, the tabernacle of God 
is with men, and he will dwell with them, and they shall be his 
people, and God himself shall be with them and be their God. 
And God shall wipe away all tears from their eyes; and there 
shall be no more death, neither sorrow, nor crying, neither shall 
there be any more pain: for the former things are passed away . 
And he that sat upon the throne said, Behold, I make all 
things new. And he said unto me, Write: for these words 
are true and faithful. And he said unto me, It is done. 1 
am Alpha and Omega, the beginning and the end. I will 
give unto him that is athirst of the fountain of the water of 
life freely. He that oveicometh shall inherit all things: and I 
will be his God, and he shall be my son. But the fearful, and 
unbelieving, and the abominable, and murderers, and whore- 
mongers, and sorcerers, and idolaters, and all liars, shall have 
their part in the lake which burnetii with fire and brimstone: 
which is the second death. And there came unto me one of 
the seven angels, which had the seven vials full of the seven 
last plagues, and talked with me, saying, Come hither, I will 
shew the bride, the LamUsivife. And he carried me away in 
the spirit to a great and high mouatain, and shewed me that 



184 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

great city, the holy Jerusalem, descending out of heaven from 
God, Having the glory of God: and her light was like unto 
a stone most precious, even like a jasper-stone, clear as crys- 
tal: And had a wall great and high, and had twelve gates, and 
at the gates twelve angels, and names written thereon, which 
are the names of the twelve tribes of the children of Israel.— 
Eev. 21: 1—12. 

Moses' intercession with God on the behalf of Israel typical 
of Christ's intercession on the behalf of spiritual Israel and 
the world. 

Type. Now if thou shalt kill all this people as one man, 
then the nations which have heard the fame of thee will speak, 
saying, Because the Lord was not able to bring this people 
into the land which he sware unto them, therefore he hath 
slain them in the wilderness. And now, I beseech thee, let 
the power of my Lord be great, according as thou hast spo- 
ken, saying, The Lord is long-suffering, and of great mercy, 
forgiving iniquity and transgression, and by no means clear- 
ing the guilty, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the 
children unto the third and fourth generation. Pardon, I 
beseech thee, the iniquity of this people according unto the 
greatness of thy mercy, and as thou hast forgiven this people, 
from Egypt even until now. And the Lord said, I have par- 
doned according to thy word: But as truly as I live, all the 
earth shall be filled with the glory of the Lord. Because all 
those men which have seen my glory, and my miracles, which 
I did in Egypt and in the wilderness, and have tempted me 
now these ten times, and have not hearkened to my voice; 
Surely they shall not see the land which I sware unto their 
fathers, neither shall any of them that provoked me see it: 
But my servant Caleb, because he had another spirit with 
him, and hath followed me fully, him will I bring into the 
land whereinto he. went; and his seed shall possess it. Num. 
14: 15—24, 

Antitype. I have manifested thy name unto the men 
which thou gavest me out of the world: thine they were and 
thou gavest them me: and they have kept thy word. Now 
they have known that all things whatsoever thou hast given 



THE TABERNACLE, &C. 185 

me are of thee: For I have given unto them the words which 
thou gavest me; and they have received them, and have 
known surely that I came out from thee, and they have believed 
that thou didst send me. I pray for them: I pray not for the 
world, but for them which thou hast given me; for they are 
thine. And all mine are thine, and thine are mine; and I 
am glorified in them. And now I am no more in the world, 
but these are in the world, and I come to thee. Holy Father, 
keep through thine own name those whom thou hast given 
me, that they may be one, as we are. While I was with them 
in the world, I kept them in thy name: those that thou gavest 
me I have kept, and none of them is lost, but the son of per- 
dition: that the scripture might be fulfilled. And now come 
I to thee, and these things I speak in the world, that they 
might have my joy fulfilled in themselves. I have given them 
thy word; and the world hath hated them, because they are 
not of the world, even as I am not of the world. I pray not 
that thou shouldst take them out of the world, but that thou 
shouldst keep from the evil. They are not of the world, even 
as I am not of the world. Sanctify them through thy truth: 
thy word is truth. As thou hast sent me into the world, even 
so I have sent them into the world. John 17: 6 — 13. 

The destruction of Korah, Dathan, and Abiram, and their 
company, for their rebellion against Moses and Aaron, the 
divinely constituted officers of the Tabernacle and its services, 
emblematical of the final destruction of the rebellious against 
Christ and his authority as king, and reject the merits of his 
atonement as a Priest. 

Emblems. And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying, Speak 
unto the congregation, saying, Get you up from about the 
tabernacle of Korah, Dathan, and Abiram. And Moses rose 
up, and went unto Dathan and Abiram; and the elders of 
Israel followed him. And he spake unto the congregation, 
saying, Depart, I pray you, from the tents of these wicked 
men, and touch nothing of theirs, lest ye be consumed in all 
their sins. So they gat up from the tabernacle of Korah, 
Dathan, and Abiram, on every side; and Dathan and Abi- 
ram came out, and stood in the door of their tents, and their 



186 EXPOSITION OP THE TRINITIES. 

wives, and their sons, and their little children. And Moses 
said, Hereby ye shall know that the Lord hath sent me to do 
all these works; for I have not done them of my own mind. 
If these men die the common death of all men, or if they be 
visited after the visitation of all men; then the Lord hath 
not sent me. But if the Lord make a new thing, and the 
earth open her mouth, and swallow them up, with all that ap- 
pertain unto them, and they go down quick into the pit: then 
ye shall understand that these men have provoked the Lord. 

And it came to pass, as he had made an end of speaking 
all these words, that the ground clave asunder that was under 
them: And the earth opened her mouth, and swallowed them 
up, and their houses, and all the men that appertained unto 
Korah, and all their goods. They, and all that appertained 
to them, went down alive into the pit, and the earth closed 
upon them: and they perished from among the congregation. 
And all Israel that were round about them, fled at the cry of 
them: for they said. Lest the earth swallow us up also. And 
there came out a fire from the Lord, and consumed the two 
hundred and fifty men that offered incense. Num. 16: 23 — 35. 

Substantive. Another parable spake he unto them: The 
kingdom of heaven is like unto leaven, which a woman took, 
and hid in three measures of meal, until the whole was leaven- 
ed. All these things spake Jesus unto the multitude in para- 
bles: and without a parable spake he not unto them: That it 
might be fulfilled which was spoken by the prophet, saying, 
I will open my mouth in parables: I will utter things which 
have been kept secret from the foundation of the world. 
Then Jesus sent the multitude away, and went into the house: 
and his disciples came unto him, saying, Declare unto us the 
parable of the tares of the field. He answered and said unto 
them, He that soweth the good seed is the Son of man; The 
field is the world: the good seed are the children of the king- 
dom; but the tares are the children of the wicked one: The en- 
emy that sowed them is the devil: the harvest is the end of 
the world; and the reapers are the angels. As therefore the 
tares are gathered and burned in the fire : so shall it be in the end of 
this world. The Son of man shall send forth his angels and 



THE TABERNACLE, &C. 187 

they shall gather out of his kingdom all things that offend, 
and them which do iniquity: And shall cast them into a fur- 
nace of fire\ there shall be wailing and gnashing of teeth. 
Then shall the righteous shine forth as the sun in the kingdom 
of their Father, Who hath ears to hear, let him hear. Mat. 
13: 33—43. 

The people murmur at Moses and Aaron because of the de- 
struction of Korah, Dathan, and Abiram, and their company, 
in consequence of which Moses and Aaron fall upon their 
faces and entreat the Lord to spare them. Moses, here rep- 
resenting the Father, as king, orders Aaron, as priest and 
mediator, to take fire and incense, and make an offering to 
the Lord as an atonement for the sin of the people, whereup- 
on the anger of the Lord was appeased and the plague stayed. 

Symbols. And Moses said unto Aaron, Take a censer, 
and put fire therein from off the altar, and put on incense, 
and go quickly unto the congregation, and make an atone- 
ment for them: for there is wrath gone out from the Lord; 
the plague is begun. And Aaron took as Moses commanded, 
and ran into the midst of the congregation: and behold the 
plague was begun among the people: and he put on incense, 
and made an atonement for the people. And he stood be- 
tween the dead and the living: and the plague was stayed. 
Now they that died in the plague were fourteen thousand and 
seven hundred, beside them that died about the matter of 
Korah. And Aaron returned unto Moses unto the door of 
the tabernacle of the congregation: and the plague was stay- 
ed. Num. 16: 46—50. 

Substantive. And when Jesus was passed over again by 
ship unto the other side, much people gathered unto him: and 
he was nigh unto the sea. And behold, there cometh one of 
the rulers of the synagogue, Jairus by name: and when he saw 
him, he fell at his feet, And besought him greatly, saying, My 
little daughter lieth at the point of death: I pray thee, come 
and lay thy hands on her, that she may be healed: and she 
shall live. And Jesus went with him: and much people fol- 
lowed him, and thronged him. And a certain woman which 
had an issue of blood twelve years, And had suffered many 



188 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

things of many physicians, and had spent all that she had, and 
was nothing bettered, but rather grew worse, When she had 
heard of Jesus, came in the press behind, and touched his 
garment: For she said, If I may touch but his clothes, I shall 
be whole. And straightway the fountain of her blood was 
dried up: and she felt in her body that she was healed of that 
plague. And Jesus, immediately knowing in himself that vir- 
tue had gone out of him, turned him about in the press, and 
said, Who touched my clothes? And his disciples said unto 
him. Thou seest the multitude thronging thee, and sayest thou, 
Who touched me? And he looked round about to see her 
that had done this thing. But the woman, fearing and trem- 
bling, knowing what was done in her, came and fell down 
before him, and told him all the truth. And he said unto her, 
Daughter, thy faith hath made thee whole: go in peace, and 
be whole of thy plague. Mark 5: 21 — 34. 

Aaron's rod that budded symbolized the life and power of 
the Law or Word of God, and these again symbolized the 
Spirit and Power of Christ's Words. 

Symbols. And Moses spake unto the children of Israel, 
and every one of their princes gave him a rod apiece, for each 
prince one, according to their father's houses, even twelve 
rods: and the rod of Aaron was among their rods. And 
Moses laid up the rods before the Lord in the tabernacle of 
witness. And it came to pass, that on the morrow Moses 
went into the tabernacle of witness: and behold, the rod of 
Aaron for the house of Levi was budded, and brought forth 
buds, and bloomed blossoms, and yielded almonds. And Mo- 
ses brought out all the rods from before the Lord unto all the 
children of Israel: and they looked, and took every man his 
rod. 

And the Lord said unto Moses, Bring Aaron's rod again 
before the testimony, to be kept for a token against the rebels: 
and thou shalt quite take away their murmurings from me, 
that they die not. And Moses did so: as the Lord command- 
ed him, so did he. And the children of Israel spake unto 
Moses, saying, Behold, we die, we perish, we all perish. — 
Whosoever cometh any thins: near unto the tabernable of the 



THE TABERNACLE, &C. 189 

Lord shall die: shall we be consumed with dying? Num. 17: 
6—13. 

Substantive. These things said he in the synagogue, as 
he taught in Capernaum. Many therefore of his disciples, 
when they had heard this, said, This is an hard saying: who 
can hear it? When Jesus knew in himself that his disciples 
murmured at it, he said unto them, Doth this offend you? — 
What and if ye shall see the Son of man ascend up where he 
was before? It is the Spirit that quickeneth: the flesh profit- 
eth nothing: the words that I speak unto you, they are spirit, 
and they are life. But there are some of you that believeth 
not. For Jesus knew from the beginning who they were that 
believed not, and who should betray him. And he said, 
Therefore said I unto you, that no man can come unto me, 
except it were given unto him of my Father. John 6: 59-65. 

The Israelites come to the wilderness of Zin, and are in 
want of water: they murmur again, and Moses and Aaron 
are commanded to gather the congregation together: Moses, 
as king under God, and type of Christ, and Aaron the high 
priest, and thus a type of Christ likewise, are commanded to 
speak only to the Rock and it should put forth its water: where- 
as, Moses, with his rod, strikes the rock twice, and the water 
came forth abundantly. For striking the rock unbidden, Mo- 
ses and Aaron severely censured, and informed that they 
should not enter the promised land. This rock, typical of 
Christ, and the water it put forth symbolized the spirit of 
Christ in the salvation of believers. 

Types and 'Symbols. And the Lord spake unto Moses, 
saying, Take the rod, and gather thou the assembly together, 
thou and Aaron thy brother, and speak ye unto the rock be- 
fore their eyes: and it shall give forth his water, and thou 
shalt bring forth to them water out of the rock: so thou shalt 
orive the congregation and all their beasts drink. And Moses 

O DO 

took the rod from before the Lord, as he commanded him. 
And Moses and Aaron gathered the congregation together 
before the rock, and he said unto them, Hear now, ye rebels: 
must we fetch you water out of this rock? And Moses lifted 
up his hand, and with his rod he smote the rock twice: and 



190 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

the water carae out abundantly, and the congregation drank, 
and their beasts also. And the Lord spake unto Moses and 
Aaron, Because you believed me not, to sanctify me in the 
eyes of the children of Israel, therefore ye shall not bring 
this congregation into the land which I have given them. 
This is the water of Meribah: because the children of Israel 
strove with the Lord, and he was sanctified in them. Num. 
20: 7—13. 

Substantive. They said therefore, What is this that he 
saith, A little while? we cannot tell what he saith. Now 
Jesus knew that they were desirous to ask him, and said unto 
them, Do ye inquire among yourselves of that I said, A little 
while, and ye shall not see me: and again, a little while, and 
ye shall see me? Yerily, verily, I say unto you, that ye shall 
weep and lament, but the world shall rejoice: and ye shall be 
sorrowful, but your sorrow shall be turned into joy. A wo- 
man when she is in travail hath sorrow, because her hour is 
come: but as soon as she is delivered of the child, she re- 
membereth no more the anguish, for joy that a man is born 
into the world. And ye now therefore hath sorrow: but I 
will see you again, and your heart shall rejoice, and your joy 
no man taketh from you. And in that day ye shall ask me 
nothing. Yerily, verily, I say unto you, Whatsoever ye shall 
ask the Father in my name, he will give it you. Hitherto 
have ye asked nothing in my name: ask, and ye shall receive, 
that your joy may be full. These things have I spoken unto 
you in proverbs : but the time cometh when I shall no more 
speak unto you in proverbs, but I shall shew you plainly of 
the Father. At that day ye shall ask in my name: and 1 say 
not unto you, that I will pray the Father for you: For the Father 
himself loveth you, because you have loved me, and have be- 
lieved that I came from God. I came forth from the Father, 
and am come into the world: again, I leave the world, and 
go to the Father. John 16: 18—28. 

In the typical section of the above brace, the Rock which 
Moses struck was clearly a type of Christ, and represents 
Christ as risen from the dead: Thirty-eight years before this, 
at Horeb, a similar case occurred, where Moses was com- 



THE TABERNACLE, &C. 191 

manded to strike the rock, in which case he obeyed his in- 
structions literally, and the rock put forth its waters; in that 
first case the rock typified Christ as stricken for our trans- 
gressions, and bruised, for our iniquities; but in the latter 
case, where the rock typified Christ after the resurrection, 
he was not to be smitten any more, but sought unto by prayer; 
he is to be asked, now, or as he says in the second section of 
the above brace, — the Father, must be asked, in my name; 
Christ was not to be striken but once, — he was once offered, to 
bear the sins of many, and only once, hence the offence of 
Moses was aggravated in striking the rock, which typified Christ 
after his resurrection. This rock was intended to be held up 
as a type of Christ through all ages of the Church, and hence 
the justice and necessity in God, the Father, in making a pub- 
lic example of Moses and Aaron in publicly forbidding and 
preventing their entering the promised land, inasmuch as they 
had marred the type of Him, through whose merits it was to 
be possessed. 

Moses too, discovered a purturbation of mind, and even 
anger, in the words which he uttered in the act of striking 
the rock, and also assumed for himself and Aaron the honor, 
which belonged to the Father only. 'Hear now, ye rebels, 
must we bring you water out of this rock? 7 All this ill-be- 
came a servant, of the most High God, and because of which 
Moses, and Aaron, who was associated with him in this trans- 
action, were forbidden an entrance into the promised land. 

We see in this case the stern Justice of God in requiring 
the literal fulfillment of his Law. Even Moses and Aaron, 
his chosen and generally obedient servants, were not exempt- 
ed from the observance of its mandates, and notwithstanding 
their long trials and perils of forty years in the wilderness, 
in warring against the elements of nature, and bearing the 
burdens of government in the management of a perverse and 
rebelious people, yet for this act of violating their instruc- 
tions, were interdicted their promised inheritance and their 
long sought rest. Here too we see an instance of the Father, 
in visiting the body with death, while mercy is extended to the 
soul, for Moses, after this, was seen with Jesus, upon the mount 



192 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

of transfiguration. 'Be not high-minded but fear, for if God 
spared not the natural branches, take heed, lest he spare not 
thee.' 

Miriam the prophetess, and mother in Israel, sister to Moses 
and Aaron, died and was burried at Kadesh Meribah, after 
which the congregation journeyed to mount Hor, where Aaron 
met the penalty of death as the just retribution of the viola- 
tion of the Law of the Father. 

Type. And the children of Israel, even the whole congre- 
gation, journeyed from Kadesh, and came unto mount Hor. 
And the Lord spake unto Moses and Aaron in mount Hor, by 
the coast of the land of Edom, saying, Aaron shall be gath- 
ered unto his people: for he shall not enter into the land 
which I have given unto the children of Israel, because ye 
rebelled against my word at the water of Meribah. Take 
Aaron and Eleazor his son, and bring them up unto mount 
Hor: And strip Aaron of his garments, and put them upon 
Eleazar his son: and Aaron shall be gathered unto his peo- 
ple and shall die there. And Moses did as the Lord com- 
manded: and they went up unto mount Hor in sight of all the 
congregation. And Moses stripped Aaron of his garments, 
and put them upon Eleazar his son: and Aaron died there in 
the top of the mount: and Moses and Eleazar came down from 
the mount. And when all the congregation saw that Aaron 
was dead, they mourned for Aaron thirty days, even all the 
house of Israel. Num. 20: 22—29. 

Antitype. And there followed him a great company of 
people and of women, which also bewailed and lamented him. 
But Jesus turning unto them, said, Daughters of Jerusalem, 
weep not for me, but weep for yourselves, and for your chil- 
dren. For behold the days are coming, in the which they 
shall say, Blessed are the barren, and the wombs that never 
bare, and the paps which never gave suck. Then shall they 
begin to say to the mountains, Fall on us: and to the hills, 
Cover us. For if they do these things in a green tree, what 
shall be done in a dry? And there were also two others, 
malefactors, led with him to be put to death. And when 
they were come to the place which is called Calvary, there 



MOSES A TYPE OF CHRIST. 193 



they crucified him, and the malefactors: one on the right hand, 
and the other on the left. Then said Jesus, Father, forgive 
them: for they know not what they do. And they parted his 
raiment, and cast lots, And the people stood beholding. And 
the rulers also with them derided him, saying, He saved oth- 
ers: let him save himself, if he be Christ, the chosen of God. 
And the soldiers also mocked him, coming to him, and offering 
him vinegar, And saying, If thou be the King of the Jews, 
save thyself. And a superscription also was written over 
him, in letters of Greek, and Latin, and Hebrew, THIS IS 
THE KING OF THE JEWS. 

Thus have we passed the life, character, and office of the 
great typical high priest of our profession. In his character 
we find much to commend and admire, and some to deplore. 
A man of probity of character, and sympathy for his breth- 
ren, he wanted sternness of purpose to keep him at all times 
close to his line of duty and to resist the solicitations to idol- 
atry and breach of instructions, of which he was guilty: first, 
in the case of the golden calf at Sinai: and secondly, in the 
case of being accessory to striking the rock unbidden at Ka- 
desh Meribah: for the latter of which himself and his brother 
Moses were interdicted the promised land. A spirit of envy 
too at one time seems to have got the mastery of his better 
nature, and he and his sister Miriam were engaged to sup- 
plant the legally and divinely constituted official duties of 
Moses, These aberations in Aaron's life and character we 
deplore, and though they never can be justified, yet they are 
considerably mitigated and covered by the mantle of charity, 
when we consider the general tenor of his character and the 
great and important services he performed as high priest for 
the long period of nearly forty years, in Israel: during nearly 
all of which time his duties were onerous, and performed 
with great punctuality and religious reverence for his God, 
and the institutions of his own appointment, as well as a 
heart felt sympathy and patriotic devotion to a rebellious and 
gainsaying people. Conscious of the justice of the Father's 
decree, and with perfect resignation to his command he goes 
in humility and meekness with his brother and his sons upon 
13 



194 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

mount Hor, and dies. 'And the children of Israel took their 
journey from Beeroth of the children of Jaahan to Mosera, 
(in the vicinity of mount Hor,) there Aaron died, and there 
he was buried!' Deut. 10: 6. 'And when all the congrega- 
tion saw that Aaron was dead, they mourned for Aaron thirty 
days, even all the house of Israel! Num. 20: 29. 

After the death of Aaron the congregatian of Israel set 
forward again for the promised land, and soon found them- 
selves in trials and perils, at which they again murmur, and 
for which they are visited with fiery serpents, in consequence 
of the bite of which many of the people died, whereupon they 
acknowledged their sin, and implored Moses as mediator, to 
pray unto the Lord that he would take away the serpents 
from them. 

Symbols. And they journeyed from mount Hor by the 
way of the Red sea, to compass the land of Edom: and the 
soul of the people was much discouraged because of the way. 
And the people spake against God, and against Moses, 
Wherefore have ye brought us up out of Egypt to die in the 
wilderness? for there is no bread, neither is there any water: 
and our soul loatheth this light bread. And the Lord sent 
fiery serpents among the people, and they bit the people: and 
much people of Israel died. Therefore the people came to 
Moses, and said, We have sinned, for we have spoken against 
the Lord, and against thee: pray unto the Lord, that he take 
away the serpents from us. And Moses prayed for the peo- 
ple. And the Lord said unto Moses, Make thee a fiery ser- 
pent, and set it upon a pole: and it shall come to pass, that 
every one that is bitten, when he looketh upon it, shall live. 
And Moses made a serpent of brass, and put it upon a pole, 
and it came to pass, that if a serpent had bitten any man, 
when he beheld the serpent of brass, he lived. Num.21: 
4-9. 

Substantive. And as Moses lifted up the serpent in the 
wilderness, even so must the Son of man be lifted up: That 
whosoever believeth in him should wot perish, but have eternal 
life. For God so loveteh the world, that he gave his only be- 
gotten Son, that whosoever believethin him, should not perish, 



MOSES A TYPE OF CHRIST. 195 

but have everlasting life. For God sent not bis Son into the 
world to condemn the world, but that the world through him 
might be saved. John 3: 14 — 17. 

Phinehas, the son of Eleazar the high priest of Israel, puts 
an end to whoredom and idolatry in the congregation, by 
slaying Zimri, and Cozbi, whereupon the Lord, through Mo- 
ses, constitutes Phinehas, and his seed after him, priests during 
the typical Dispensation, and thus they become as priests, 
expressive types of Christ. 

Type. And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying, Phinehas, 
the son of Eleazar, the son of Aaron the priest, hath turned 
my wrath away from the children of Israel (while he was 
zealous for my sake among them) that I consumed not the 
children of Israel in my jealousy. Wherefore say. Behold, 
I give unto him my covenant of peace: And he shall have it, 
and his seed after him, even the covenant of an everlasting 
priesthood: because he was zealous for his God, and made an 
atonement for the children of Israel. Now the name of the 
Israelite that was slain, even that was slain with the Midian- 
itish woman, was Zimri, and his son Salu, a prince of a chief 
house among the Simeonites. And the name of the Midian- 
itish woman that was slain was Cozbi the daughter of Zur: 
he was head over a people,^and of a chief house in Midian. 
Num. 25: 10—15. 

Antitype. And the Jews' passover was at hand, and Jesus 
went up to Jerusalem, And found in the temple those that 
sold oxen, and sheep, and doves, and the changers of money, 
sitting: And when he had made a scourge of small cords, he 
drove them all out of the temple, and the sheep, and the oxen: 
and poured out the changers 7 money, and overthrew the tables: 
And said unto them that sold doves, Take these things hence: 
make not my Father's house an house of merchandise. And 
his disciples remembered that it was written, The zeal of 
thine house has eaten me up. John 2: 13 — 17. 

Just before the death of Moses, himself and Phinehas in 
the plains of Moab, were commanded to number the children 
of Israel, when it was found that of all that were numbered 
of the people, by Moses and Aaron in the wilderness of Sinai, 



196 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

only Caleb, the son of Jephunneh, and Joshua, the son of Nun 
remained. 

Symbols. These are they that were numbered by Moses 
and Eleazar the priest, who numbered the children of Israel 
in the plains of Moab by Jordan near Jericho. But among 
these there was not a man of them whom Moses and Aaron 
the priest numbered, when they numbered the children of 
Israel in the wilderness of Sinai. For the Lord had Said of 
them, They shall surely die in the wilderness. And there 
was not left a man of them, save Caleb the son of Jephunneh, 
and Joshua the son of Nun. Num. 26: 63 — 65. 

Substantive. And when the king came in to see the guests, 
he saw there a man which had not on a wedding garment: 
And he saith unto him, Friend, how earnest thou in hither, 
not having a wedding garment? And he was speechless. 
Then said the king to the servants, Bind him hand and foot, 
and take him away, and cast him into outer darkness: there 
shall be weeping and gnashing of teeth. For many are call- 
ed, but few are chosen. Matt. 22: 11 — 14. 

Moses being reminded of his death, sueth for a successor, 
when Joshua is nominated and installed by Moses, by the 
laying on of his hands, and giving him a charge. Thus 
Joshua becomes, under God, king in Israel, and as such a 
type of Christ, and mediator, between God and his people 
Israel. 

Type. And the Lord Said unto Moses, Get thee up into 
this mount Abarim, and see the land which I have given unto 
the children of Israel. And when thou hast seen it, thou 
also shalt be gathered unto thy people, as Aaron thy brother 
was gathered. For ye rebelled against my commandment 
in the desert of Zin, in the strife of the congregation, to sanc- 
tify me at the water before their eyes: that is the water of 
Meribah in Kadesh in the wilderness of Zin. And Moses 
spake unto the Lord, saying, Let the Lord, the God of the 
spirits of all flesh, set a man over the congregation, Which 
may go out before them, and which may go in before them, 
and which may lead them out, and which may bring them in: 
that the congregation of the Lord be not at sheep which have 



MOSES A TYPE OF CHRIST. 197 

no shepherd. And the Lord said unto Moses, Take thee 
Joshua the son of Nun, a man in whom is the spirit, and lay 
thine hand upon him: And set him before Eleazar the priest, 
and before all the congregation: and give him a charge in 
their sight. And thou shalt put some of thine honor upon 
him, that all the congregation of the children of Israel may 
be obedient. And he shall stand before Eleazar the priest, 
who shall ask counsel for him after the judgment of Urim be- 
fore the Lord: at his word shall they go out, and at his word 
they shall come in, both he, and all the children of Israel 
with him, even all the congregation. And Moses did as the 
Lord commanded him: and he took Joshua, and set him be- 
fore Eleazar the priest, and before all the congregation: And 
he laid his hands upon him, and gave him a charge, as the 
Lord commanded by the hand of Moses. Num. 27: 12 — 23. 

Antitype. Let the elders that rule well, be counted wor- 
thy of double honor, especially those who labor in the word 
and doctrine. For the scripture saith, Thou shalt not muz- 
zle the ox that treadeth out the corn. And the laborer is 
worthy of his reward. Against an elder receive not an accu- 
sation, but before two or three witnesses. Them that sin re- 
buke before all, that others may also fear. I charge thee be- 
fore God and the Lord Jesus Christ, and the elect angels, that 
thou observe these things without preferring one before an- 
other, doing nothing by partiality. Lay hands suddenly on 
no man, neither be partaker of other men's sins: keep thyself 
pure. 1 Timothy 5: 17—22. 

Joshua and Phinehas being duly appointed of the Lord, 
the one as king under God, and the other as high priest, and 
both being duly consecrated to their respective offices, the 
Covenant is ordered to be ratified and confirmed by sacrifice, 
and gratitude offerings. 

Symbols. And the Lord spake unto Moses, saving, Com- 
mand the children of Israel, and say unto them, My offering, 
and my bread for my sacrifices made by fire, for a sweet 
savor unto me, shall ye observe to offer unto me in their due 
season. And thou shalt say unto them, This is the offering- 
made by fire which ye shall offer unto the Lord: two lambs 



198 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

of the first year without spot day by day, for a continual 
burnt-offering. The one lamb shalt thou offer in the morn- 
ing, and the other lamb shalt thou offer at even: And a tenth 
part of an ephah of flour for a meat-offering, mingled with 
a fourth part of an hin of beaten oil. It is a continual burnt- 
offering, which was ordained in mount Sinai for a sweet sav- 
or, a sacrifice made by fire unto the Lord. And the drink- 
offering thereof shall be the fourth part of an hin for the one 
lamb: in the holy place shalt thou cause the strong wine to 
be poured unto the Lord for a drink-offering: And the other 
lamb shalt thou offer at even: as the meat-offering of the 
morning, and as the drink-offering thereof, thou shalt offer it, 
a sacrifice made by fire, of a sweet savor unto the Lord. — 
Num. 28: 1—8. 

Substantive. Now of the things which we have spoken 
this is the sum: We have such an High Priest, who is set on 
the right hand of the throne of the majesty in the heavens: 
A minister of the sanctuary, and of the true tabernacle, which 
the Lord pitched, and not man. For every high priest is or- 
dained to offer gifts and sacrifices: wherefore it is of necessi- 
ty that this man have somewhat also to offer. For if he were 
on earth, he should not be a priest, seeing that there are 
priests that offer gifts according to the law: Who serve unto 
the example and shadow of heavenly things, as Moses was 
admonished of God when he was about to make the taberna- 
cle: for, See (Saith he) that thou make all things according 
to the pattern shewn to thee in the mount. But now hath he 
obtained a more excellent ministry, by how much also he is 
the mediator of a better covenant, which was established 
upon better promises. For if that first covenant had been 
faultless, then should no place have been sought for the second. 
For finding fault with them, he saith, Behold, the days come, 
saith the Lord, when I will make a new covenant with the house 
of Israel and with the house of Judah: Not according to the 
covenant that I made with their fathers, in the day when I 
took them by the hand to lead them out of the land of Egypt: 
because they continued not in my covenant, and I regarded 
them not, saith the Lord. For this is the covenant that I 



MOSES A TYPE OF CHRIST. 199 

will make with the house of Israel, after those days, saith the 
Lord: I will put ray laws into their 7nind, and write them in 
their hearts: and I will be to them a God, and they shall be 
to me a people: And they shall not teach every man his neigh- 
bor, and every man his brother, saying, Know the Lord: for 
all shall know me, from the least to the greatest. For I will 
be merciful to their righteousness, and their sins and their ini- 
quities will I remember no more. In that he saith, A new 
covenant, he hath made the first old. Now that which decay- 
eth and waxeth old, is ready to vanish away. Heb. 8: 1 — 13. 

All things being settled according to the divine will, for 
the continuance of the typical economy of the Tabernacle 
worship, and the government of Israel, Moses gives a detail- 
ed history of God's providences and mercies to Israel, reca- 
pitulating many of the most important occurrences and events 
of their deliverance from Egyptian bondage, their marches 
through the wilderness and their present condition and posi- 
tion, as also admonitions and exhortations in their future 
destiny; after which he ascends in humble resignation to the 
top of mount Nebo, views the promised land — and dies. 

Type. And Moses went up from the plains of Moab, unto 
the mountain of Nebo, to the top of Pisgah, that is over 
against Jericho: and the Lord sheweth him all the land of 
Gilead, unto Dan. And all Naphtali, and the land of 
Ephraim, and Manasseh, and all the land of Judah, unto the 
utmost sea. And the south, and the plain of the valley of 
Jericho, the city of palm-trees, unto Zoar. And the Lord 
said unto him, This is the land which I sware unto Abraham, 
unto Isaac, and unto Jacob, saying, I will give it unto thy 
seed: I have caused thee to see it with thine eyes, but thou 
shalt not go over thither. So Moses the servant of the Lord 
died there in the land of Moab, according to the word of the 
Lord. And he buried him in a valley in the land of Moab, 
over against Beth-peor: but no man knoweth of his sepulchre 
unto this day. And Moses was an hundred and twenty years 
old when he died: his eyes were not dim, nor his natural force 
abated. And the children of Israel wept for Moses in the 
plains of Moab thirty days: so the days of weeping and 



200 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

mourning for Moses were ended. And Joshua the son of 
Nun was full of the spirit of wisdom: for Moses had laid his 
hands upon him: and the children of Israel hearkened unto 
him, and did as the Lord commanded Moses. And there 
arose not a prophet since in Israel like unto Moses, whom the 
Lord knew face to face, In all the signs and the wonders 
which the Lord sent him to do in the land of Egypt, to Pha- 
raoh, and to all his servants, and in all his land: And in all 
that mighty hand, and in all the great terror which Moses 
shewed in the sight of all Israel. Deut. 34: 1 — 12. 

Substantive. And when the sabbath was past, Mary Mag- 
dalene, and Mary the mother of James, and Salome, had 
bought sweet spices, that they might come and anoint liim. 
And very early in the morning, the first day of the week, 
they came unto the sepulchre at the rising of the sun: And 
they said among themselves, Who shall roll us away the 
stone from the door of the sepulchre? (And when they look- 
ed, they saw that the stone was rolled away,) for it was very 
great. And entering into the sepulchre, they saw a young 
man sitting on the right side, clothed in a long white gar- 
ment: and they were affrighted. And he saith unto them, 
Be not affrighted: ye seek Jesus of Nazareth, which was cru- 
cified: he is risen: he is not here: behold the place which they 
laid him. But go your way, tell his disciples and Peter, that 
he goeth before you into Galilee: there shall ye see him, as he 
said unto you. And they went out quickly, and fled from the 
sepulchre: for they trembled, and were amazed: neither said 
they any thing to any man; for they were afraid. Now when 
Jesus was risen early, the first day of the week, he appeared 
first to Mary Magdalene, out of whom he had cast seven devils. 
And she went and told them that had been with him, as they 
mourned and wept. And they, when they had heard that he 
was alive, and had been seen of her, believed not. After 
that, he appeared in another form unto two of them, as they 
walked, and went into the country. And they went and told 
it unto the residue: neither believed they them. Afterward 
he appeared unto the eleven, as they sat at meat, and upbraid- 
ed them with their unbelief, and hardness of heart, because 



MOSES A TYPE OF CHRIST. 201 

they believed not them which had seen him after he was risen. 
And he said unto them, Go ye into all the world, and preach 
the gospel to every creature. He that believeth and is bap- 
tized, shall be saved: but he that believeth not, shall be damn- 
ed. And these signs shall follow them that believe: In my 
name shall they cast out devils: they shall speak with new 
tongues : They shall take up serpents: and if they drink any 
deadly thing, it shall not hurt them: they shall lay hands on 
the sick, and they shall recover. So then, after the Lord had 
spoken unto them, he was received up into heaven, and sat on 
the right hand of God. And they went forth, and preached 
every where, the Lord working with them, and confirming 
the word with signs following. Amen. Mark 16: 1 — 20. 

Having followed Moses from his birth to his death and 
burial, and beheld with astonishment and wonder the many 
great and marvelous events in which he was the principal ac- 
tor; his astonishing meekness and perseverance amid a crook- 
ed and perverse generation, we leave him in mournful regret 
as a long tried and faithful friend. The mind reverts back in 
silent contemplation of one who was truly a great man in 
Israel; who combined in his person the wisdom of the legis- 
lator with the meekness of the saint; the profundity of the 
philosopher with the bravery of the warrior; and the sympa- 
thy of a brother, with the stern and inflexible justice of the 
officer. Raised up tenderly in the court of a king, the trials 
and perils of after life hardened him into manhood, and his 
love of God and his people constrained him to prefer the afflic- 
tions of the people of God to the pleasures of sin for a sea- 
son. With an eye that seldom slumbered and a hand that 
was never idle, he pursued the interests of the people of his 
charge with diligence, and was ever watchful for their inter- 
ests; he bore the upbraidings of his people with meekness, 
and while they were threatning his life, he was engaged in 
prayer for their deliverance, and like his great Antitype, 
turned away the wrath of the Father, and procured their sal- 
vation. In all his trials and tribulations he looked to Ca- 
naan as his 'recompense of reward;' and after the labors of 
forty years, and in sight of the long-promised inheritance, he 



202 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

was told he should not possess it; he, with a resignation and 
meekness, equaled only by the disappointment, ascends mount 
JVebo and dies. The greatest encomium of his character is 
passed upon him by the Inspired writer, 'And there arose not a 
prophet since in Israel like unto Moses, whom the Lord knew 
face to face. In all the signs and the wonders, which the 
Lord sent him to do in the land of Egypt, to Pharaoh, and to 
all his servants, and to all his land: And in all that mighty 
hand, and in all the great terror which Moses shewed in the 
sight of all Israel.' 



CHAPTER IV. 

OF JOSHUA, AS A TYPE OF CHRIST. 

Joshua as a type of Christ in his kingly office, succeeds 
Moses, under God in the government of Israel, as mediator 
between God and his people. Eleazar continues as high priest 
of Israel. 

The inauguration of Joshua into the mediatorial office as a 
type of Christ, is thus stated : 

Type. Now after the death of Moses, the servant of the 
Lord, it came to pass, that the Lord Spake unto Joshua the 
son of Nun, Moses' minister, saying, Moses my servant is 
dead: now therefore arise, go over this Jordan, thou and all 
this people, unto the land which I do give to them, even to 
the children of Israel. Every place that the sole of your foot 
shall tread upon, that I have given unto you, as 1 Said unto 
Moses. From the wilderness and this Lebanon even unto 
the great river, the river Euphrates, all the land of the Hit- 
tites, and unto the great sea toward the going down of the 
sun, shall be your coast. There shall not any man be able to 
stand before thee all the days of thy life: as I was with Mo- 
ses, so I will be with thee: I will not fail thee, nor forsake 



JOSHUA A TYPE OF CHRIST. 203 

thee. Be strong and of a good courage: for unto the people 
shalt thou divide for an inheritance the land which I sware 
unto their fathers to give them. Only be thou strong and 
very courageous, that thou mayest observe to do according to 
all the law which Moses my servant commanded thee: turn not 
from it to the right hand or to the left, that thou mayest pros- 
per whithersoever thou goest. This book of the law shall 
not depart out of thy mouth: but thou shalt meditate therein 
day and night, that thou mayest observe to do all that is writ- 
ten therein: for then thou shalt make thy way prosperous, 
and then thou shalt have good success. Have I not com- 
manded thee? Be strong and of a good courage: be not 
afraid, neither be thou dismayed: for the Lord thy God is 
with thee whithersoever thou goest. Joshua 1: 1 — 9. 

In the above appointment and inauguration of Joshua to 
the mediatorial office between the Father and the people, we 
discover, as in all similar cases, a twofold Trinity. 1. The 
Spiritual Trinity in Creation and Legislation, in the words — 
The Lord Spake unto Joshua. Here is, the Father, the Word, 
and the Holy Ghost, through which the Word was Spoken, for 
the Father always Speaks and acts, through the Spirit. 

2. The Compound, Executive, Typical Trinity, in Redemp- 
tion, in the Persons, of the Father, Joshua, and the Holy Ghost. 
Joshua is constituted the middle person, between the Father 
and Israel, through whom the Word came from the Father, to 
the people, accompanied by the Spirit of the Father, through 
which Spirit the Word was Spoken. Thus Joshua becomes 
the Executive officer of the Will of the Father: and now the 
Compound, Executive, Typical Trinity, are the Father, Joshua, 
and the Holy Ghost; which Trinity operates throughout the 
administration of Joshua. 

We find the Antitype to the above appointment and inau- 
guration of Joshua to his mediatorial office, in our Savior at 
his transfiguration. 

Antitype. And after six days, Jesus takcth Peter, James, 
and John his brother, and bringeth them up into an high 
mountain apart, And was transfigured before them: and his 
face did shine as the sun, and his raiment was white as the 



204 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

light. And behold, there appeared unto them Moses and 
Elias talking with him. Then answered Peter, and said unto 
Jesus, Lord, it is good for us to be here: if thou wilt, let us 
make here three tabernacles: one for thee, and one for Moses, 
and one for Elias. While he yet spake, behold, a bright 
cloud overshadowed them: and behold, a voice out of the 
cloud, which said, This is my beloved Son, in whom I am well 
pleased: hear ye him. And when the disciples heard it, they 
fell on their face, and were sore afraid. And Jesus came and 
touched them, and said, Arise, and be not afraid. And when 
they had lifted up their eyes, they saw no man, save Jesus 
only. Matt. 17: 1—8. 

The next act of Joshua after his appointment and investi- 
ture, was in execution of his high and responsible mission. 

Type. Then Joshua commanded the officers of the peo- 
ple, saying, Pass through the host and command the people, 
saying, Prepare you victuals; for within three days ye shall 
pass over this Jordan, to go in to possess the land which the 
Lord your God giveth you to possess it. And to the Reu- 
benites, and to the Gadites, and to half the tribe of Manas- 
seh, spake Joshua, saying, Remember the word which Moses 
the servant of the Lord commanded you, saying, The Lord 
your God hath given you rest, and hath given you this land. 
Your wives, your little ones, and your cattle shall remain in 
the land which Moses gave you on this side Jordan; but ye 
shall pass before your brethren armed, all the mighty men of 
valor, and help them: Until the Lord have given your breth- 
ren rest, as he hath given you, and they also have possessed 
the land which the Lord your God giveth them: then ye 
shall return unto the land of your possession, and enjoy it, 
which Moses the Lord's servant gave you on this side Jordan 
toward the sun-rising. And they answered Joshua saying, 
All that thou commandest us, we will do, and whithersoever 
thou sendest us, we will go. According as we hearkened 
unto Moses in all things, so will we hearken unto thee: only 
the Lord thy God be with thee, as he was with Moses. — 
Whosoever he be that doth rebel against thy commandment, 
and will not hearken unto thy words in all that thou com- 



JOSHUA A TYPE OP CHRIST. 205 

mandest him, be shall be put to death: only be strong and of 
a good courage. Joshua 1: 10 — 18. 

Antitype. Repent ye therefore, and be converted, that 
your sins may be blotted out, when the times of refreshing 
shall come from the presence of the Lord; And he shall send 
Jesus Christ, which before was preached unto you: Whom 
the heaven must receive, until the times of restitution of all 
things, which God hath spoken by the mouth of all his holy 
prophets, since the world began. For Moses truly said unto 
the fathers, A Prophet shall the Lord your God raise up unto 
you, of your brethren, like unto me: him shall ye hear in all 
things, whatsoever he shall say unto you. And it shall come to 
pass that every soul which will not hear that Prophet, shall be 
destroyed from among his people. Yea, and all the prophets 
from Samuel, and those that follow after, as many as have 
spoken, have likewise foretold of these days. Ye are the 
children of the prophets, and of the covenant which God made 
with our fathers, saying unto Abraham, And in thy Seed shall 
all the kindreds of the earth be blessed. Unto you first, 
God having raised up his Son Jesus, sent him to bless you, in 
turning away every one of you from his iniquities. Acts 3: 
19—26. 

Joshua sending out spies to Jericho, symbolizes the Holy 
Ghost, sent by the Father through the Son, and in his name. 
Rahab's entertaining the spies and herself and household be- 
ing saved in consequence, symbolizes the saving power of the 
Spirit of God, which was symbolized by the spies sent by the 
typical mediator, Joshua. 

Symbols. And Joshua the son of Nun sent out of Shittim 
two men to spy secretly, saying, Go view the land, even Jeri- 
cho. And they went, and came into an harlot's house, named 
Rahab, and lodged there. And it was told the king of Jeri- 
cho, saying, Behold, there came men in hither to-night of the 
children of Israel, to search out the country. And the king 
of Jericho sent unto Rahab, saying, Bring forth the men that 
are come to thee, which are entered into thine house: for they 
be come to search out all the country. And the woman took 
the two men, and hid them, and said thus, There came men 



206 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

unto me, but I wist not whence they were: And it came to 
pass about the time of shutting of the gate, when it was dark, 
that the men went out: whither the men went, I wot not: pur 
sue after them quickly; for ye shall overtake them. But she 
had brought them up to the roof of the house, and hid them 
with the stalks of flax, which she had laid in order upon the 
roof. And the men pursued after them the way to Jordan 
unto the fords: and as soon as they which pursued after them 
were gone out, they shut the gate. And before they were 
laid down, she came up unto them upon the roof: And sne 
said unto the men, J know that the Lord hath given you the 
land, and that your terror is fallen upon us, and that all the 
inhabitants of the land faint because of you. For we have 
heard how the Lord dried up the water of the Red sea for 
you, when ye came out of Egypt; and what he did unto the 
two kings of the Amori'.es that were on the other side Jordan, 
Sihon and Og, whom ye utterly destroyed. And as soon as 
we had heard these things, our hearts did melt, neither did 
there remain any more couarge in any man, because of you: 
for the Lord your God, he is God in heaven above, and in 
earth beneath. Now therefore, I pray you, swear unto me 
by the Lord, since I have shewed you kindness, that ye will 
also shew kindness unto my father's house, and give me a 
true token: And that ye will save alive my father, and my 
mother, and my brethren, and my sisters, and all that they 
have, and deliver our lives from death. And the men answer- 
ed her, Our life for yours, if ye utter not this our business. — 
And it shall be, when the Lord hath given us the land, that 
we will deal kindly and truly with thee. Then she let them 
down by a cord through the window: for her house was upon 
the town-wall, and she dwelt upon the wall. Joshua 2: 1 — 15. 
Substantive. And one of the Pharisees desired him that 
he would eat with him. And he went into the Pharisee's 
house, and sat down to meat. And behold, a woman in the 
city, which was a sinner, when she knew that Jesus sat at 
meat in the Pharisee's house, brought an alabaster-box of 
ointment, And stood at his feet behind him weeping, and be- 
gan to wash his feet with tears, and did wipe them with the 



JOSHUA A TYPE OF CHRIST. 207 

hairs of her head, and kissed his feet, and anointed them with 
the ointment. Now when the Pharisee which had bidden 
him, saw it, he spake within himself, saying, This man, if he 
were a prophet, would have known who, and what manner 
of woman this is that toucheth him: for she is a sinner. And 
Jesus answering, said unto him, Simon, I have somewhat to 
say unto thee. And he saith, Master, say on. There was a 
certain creditor, which had two debtors: the one owed five 
hundred pence, and the other fifty. And when they had 
nothing to pay, he frankly forgave them both. Tell me 
therefore, which of them will love him most? Simon answer- 
ed and said, I suppose that he, to whom he forgave most. — 
And he said unto him, Thou hast rightly judged. And he 
turned to the woman, and said unto Simon, Seest thou this 
woman? I entered into thine house, thou gavest me no water 
for my feet: but she hath washed my feet with tears, and wiped 
them with the hairs of her head. Thou gavest me no kiss: 
but this woman, since the time I came in, hath not ceased to 
kiss my feet. Mine head with oil thou didst not anoint: but 
this woman hath anointed my feet with ointment. Wherefore 
I say unto thee, Her sins which are many are forgiven; for she 
loved much: but to whom little is forgiven, the same lovetli 
little. And he Said unto her, Thy sins are forgiven. And 
they that sat at meat with him, began to say within them- 
selves, Who is this that forgiveth sins also ? And he Said 
unto the woman, Thy faith hath saved thee; go in peace. Luke 
7: 36—50. 

The Ark of the Covenant as a type of Christ guides the 
Israelites over Jordan to the promised land, before which 
the waters are divided and the Israelites pass over on dry 
ground. 

Symbols. And Joshua rose early in the morning; and they 
removed from Shittim, and came to Jordan, he and all the 
children of Israel, and lodged there before they passed over. 
And it came to pass after three days, that the officers went 
through the host; And they commanded the people, saying, 
When ye see the Ark of the Covenant of the Lord your God, 
and the priests the Levitcs bearing it, then ye shall remove 



208 EXPOSITION OP THE TRINITIES. 

from your place, and go after it. Yet there shall be a space 
between you and it, about two thousand cubits by measure: 
come not near unto it, that ye may know the way by which 
ye must go; for ye have not passed this way heretofore. — 
And Joshua said unto the people, Sanctify yourselves: for to- 
morrow the Lord will do wonders among you. And Joshua 
spake unto the priests, saying, Take up the ark of the cove- 
nant, and pass over before the people. And they took up 
the ark of the covenant, and went before the people. Joshua 
3: 1—6. 

Substantive. Verily, verily, I Say unto you, He that en- 
tereth not by the door into the sheepfold, but climbeth up 
some other way, the same is a thief and a robber. But he 
that entereth in by the door, is the shepherd of the sheep. — 
To him the porter openeth; and the sheep hear his voice: and 
he calleth his own sheep by name, and leadeth them out. And 
when he putteth forth his own sheep, he goeth before them, 
and the sheep follow him: for they know his voice. And a stranger 
will they not follow, but will flee from him: for they know not 
the voice of stangers. This parable spake Jusus unto them: 
but they understood not what things they were which he 
spake unto them. Then Said Jesus unto them again, Verily, 
verily, I say unto you, I am the door of the sheep. All that 
ever came before me are thieves and robbers: but the sheep 
did not hear them. / am the door: by me if any man enter 
in, he shall be saved, and shall go in and out, and find pasture. 
The thief cometh not, but for to steal, and to kill, and to de- 
stroy: I am come that they might have life, and that they 
might have it more abundantly. I am the good shepherd: 
the good shepherd giveth his life for the sheep. John 10: 
1—11. 

The host of Israel under the command of Joshua having 
passed over Jordan, he is commanded to take twelve men, 
answering to the twelve tribes, and order each man to take 
a stone from the bottom of the river and carry them to, and 
leave them at the place of their first encampment, from Jor- 
dan, which was Gilgal. Joshua in this act typifies Christ, 
and the twelve men employed in this business, symbolized the 



JOSHUA A TYPE OF CHRIST. 209 

Holy Ghost, who through Christ, executes the will of the 
Father, in the work of Redemption. 

Symbols. And it came to pass, when all the people were 
clean passed over Jordan, that the Lord Spake unto Joshua, 
saying, Take you twelve men out of the people, out of every 
tribe a man, And command ye them, saying, Take you hence 
out of the midst of Jordan, out of the place where the priests' 
feet stood firm, twelve stones, and ye shall carry them over 
with you, and leave them in the lodging-place where ye shall 
lodge this night. Then Joshua called the twelve men, whom 
he had prepared of the children of Israel, out of every tribe 
a mau: And Joshua said unto them, Passover before the ark 
of the Lord your God into ' the midst of Jordan, and take 
you up every man of you a stone upon his shoulder, according 
unto the number of the tribes of the children of Israel: That 
this may be a sign among you, that when your children ask 
their fathers in time to come, saying, What mean ye by these 
stones ? Then ye shall answer them, That the waters of Jor- 
dan were cut off before the ark of the covenant of the Lord: 
when it passed over Jordan, the waters of Jordan were cut 
off: and these stones shall be for a memorial unto the children 
of Israel for ever. And the children of Israel did so as 
Joshua commanded, and took up twelve stones out of the 
midst of Jordan, as the Lord Spake unto Joshua, according 
to the number of the tribes of the children of Israel, and car- 
ried them over with them unto the place where they lodged, 
and laid them down there. And Joshua setup twelve stones 
in the midst of Jordan, in the place where the feet of the 
priests which bare the ark of the covenant stood: and they 
are there unto this day. Joshua 4: 1 — 9. 

Perhaps there is no place in all the Scriptures where the 
Spiritual and Compound Trinities stand in closer connec- 
tion, and in a clearer light than in the above section of this 
brace. I cannot pass by it without analyzing it for the 
satisfaction of the reader : 

1. In the words, The Lord Spake unto Joshua, we discover 
14 



210 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

as in all similar cases, The Father, the Word which the Father 
Spake, and the Holy Ghost, through which he Spake. This 
is a Trinity in Legislation; instructing Joshua the mediator, 
what he should do and how he should do it. The authority 
being thus conferred upon Joshua, he becomes the Executor 
of the Father's Will, and immediately proceeds in the execution 
of it. Then Joshua called the twelve men, out of every tribe 
a man. And Joshua said unto them, Pass over before the 
ark of the Lord your God, into the midst of Jordan, and 
take you up every man of you a stone upon his shoulder, ac- 
cording to the number of the tribes of the children of Israel. 
Here Joshua stands and acts as mediator between the Father 
and Israel, and the Spirit of the Father, proceeding from the 
Father, in the Word, to Joshua and through Joshua, as the 
organ of the Word, to the twelve men, who actuated by the 
Holy Ghost, proceed immediately to the performance of their 
instructions. Here then is the Compound, Executive, Typi- 
cal Trinity, in Redemption; and stands thus: The Father, 
Joshua, and the Holy Ghost. 

Surely none can fail to see clearly the analogy of this im- 
portant case, to the An ti typical Trinity, in Redemption, to- 
wit: The Father, the Son, and the Holy Ghost. 

Substantive. Jesus cried and Said, He that believeth on 
me, believeth not on me, but on him that sent me: And he 
that seeth me, seeth him that sent me. I am cornea light into 
the world, that whosoever believeth on me should not abide 
in darkness. And if any man hear my Words, and believe 
not, I judge him not: for I came not to judge the world, but 
to save the world. He that rejecteth me, and receiveth not 
my words, hath one that judgeth him: the. word that I have 
Spoken, the same shall judge him in the last day. For I have 
not Spoken of myself; but the Father which sent me, he gave 
me a commandment, what I should say, and what I should 
speak. And I know that his commandment is life everlasting; 
whatsoever I speak therefore, evenas the Father Said unto me, 
so I speak. John 12: 44 — 50. 

Israel having passed miraculously and triumphantly over 
Jordan, keep the passover, in commemoration of their 



JOSHUA A TYPE OF CHRIST. 211 

emancipation from Egyptian bondage, and symbolical of that 
deliverance from the bondage of sin, procured through the 
•death of the Lamb of God. The cessation of the manna which 
supported them in the wilderness, and their eating instead 
thereof of the fruit of the land of Canaan, symbolical of the 
Spiritual food of the saints; the Holy Spirit purchased by the 
lolood of the atonement. 

Symbols. And the children of Israel encamped in Gilgal, 
and kept the passover on the fourteenth day of the month at 
even, in the plains of Jericho. And they did eat of the old 
corn of the land on the morrow after the passover, unleaven- 
ed cakes and parched corn in the self-same day. And the 
manna ceased on the morrow after they had eaten of the old 
corn of the land: neither had the children of Israel manna 
any more; but they did eat of the fruit of the land of Canaan 
that year. And it came to pass when Joshua was by Jeri- 
cho, that he lifted up his eyes and looked, and behold, there 
stood a man over against him with a sword drawn in his hand : 
and Joshua went unto him, and said unto him, Art thou for 
us, or for our adversaries? And he said, Nay; but as captain 
of the host of the Lord am I now come. And Joshua fell on 
his face to the earth, and did worship, and said unto him, 
What saith my lord unto his servant ? And the captain of 
the Lord's host said unto Joshua, Loose thy shoe from off thy 
foot, for the place whereon thou standest is holy: and Joshua 
did so. Joshua 5: 10 — 15. 

Substantive. Unto the angel of the church of Ephesus 
write: These things saith he that holdeth the seven stars in 
his right hand, who walketh in the midst of the golden can- 
dle-sticks; I know thy works, and thy labor, and thy patience, 
and how thou canst not bear them which are evil; and thou 
hast tried them which say they are apostles, and are not: and 
hast found them liars: And hast borne, and hast patience, 
and for my name's sake hast labored, and hast not fainted. — 
Nevertheless, I have somewhat against thee, because thou 
hast left thy first love. Remember therefore from whence 
thou art fallen, and repent, and do thy first works; or else 
I will come unto thee quickly, and will remove thy candle- 



212 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

stick out of his place, except thou repent. But this thou hast, 
that thou hatest the deeds of the Nicolaitanes, which I also 
hate. He that hath an ear, let him hear what the Spirit saith 
unto the churches; To him that overcometh will I give to eat 
of the tree of life, which is in the midst of the paradise of God. 
Rev. 2: 1—7. 

The falling of the walls of Jericho before the Ark of the 
Lord, and the blowing of the trumpets of ram's horns by the 
priests, symbolical of the falling of the powers of satan be- 
fore Christ, preached by the ministers of the gospel. 

Symbols. Now Jericho was straitly shut up, because of 
the children of Israel: none went out, and none came in. — 
And the Lord Said unto Joshua,|See, I have given into thine 
hand Jericho, and the king thereof, and the mighty men of 
valor. And ye shall compass the city, all ye men of war. 
and go round about the city once; thus shalt thou do six 
days. And seven priests shall bear before the ark seven 
trumpets of rams' horns: and the seventh day ye shall com- 
pass the city seven times, and the priests shall blow with the 
trumpets. And it shall come to pass, that when they make a 
long blast with the ram's horn, and when ye hear the sound 
of the trumpet, all the people shall shout with a great shout: 
and the wall of the city shall fall down flat, and the people 
shall ascend up every man strait before him. Joshua 6:^1 — 5. 

Substantive. Wo unto thee, Chorazin ! wo unto thee, 
Bethsaida ! for if the mighty works had been done in Tyre 
and Sidon, which have been done in you, they had a great 
while ago repented, sitting in sackcloth and ashes. But it 
shall be more tolerable for Tyre and Sidon at the judgment, 
than for you. And thou, Capernium, which art exalted to 
heaven, shalt be thrust down to hell. He that heareth you, 
heareth me; and he that despiseth me, despiseth him that 
sent me. And the seventy returned again with joy, saying, 
Lord, even the devils are subject to us through thy name. And 
he said unto them, I beheld satan as lightning fall from heaven. 
Behold, I give unto you power to tread on serpents and scor- 
pions, and over all the power of the enemy: and nothing shall 
by any means hurt you. Notwithstanding, in this rejoice 



JOSHUA A TYPE OF CHRIST. 213 

not, that the spirits are subject unto you; but rather rejoice, 
because your names are written in heaven. Luke 10: 13 — 20. 

Israel, because of retaining and secreting that which was 
commanded to be destroyed, as also on account of their self- 
dependence and neglecting to consult the Lord, in their ex- 
pedition against Ai, are smitten by their enemies, defeated, 
routed, and many of them slain. 

Symbols. But the children of Israel committed a trespass 
in the accursed thing: for Achan, the son of Carmi, the son 
of Zaddi, the son of Zerah, of the tribe of Judah, took of the 
accursed thing: and the anger of the Lord was kindled against 
the children of Israel. And Joshua sent men from Jericho 
to Ai, which is beside Beth-aven, on the east side of Beth-el, 
and spake unto them, saying, Go up and view the country. 
And the men went up and viewed Ai. And they returned 
to Joshua, and said unto him, Let not all the people go up; 
but let about two or three thousand men go up and smite Ai: 
and make not all the people to labor thither; for they are 
but few. So there went up thither of the people about three 
thousand men: and they fled before the men of Ai. And the 
men of Ai smote of them about thirty and six men: for they 
chased them from before the gate even unto Shebarim, and 
smote them in the going down: wherefore the hearts of the 
people melted, and become as water. Joshua 7: 1 — 5. 

Substantive. I am the true vine, and my Father is the 
husbandman. Every branch in me that beareth not fruit, he 
taketh away: and every branch that beareth fruit, he purg- 
eth it. that it may bring forth more fruit. Now ye are clean 
through the Word which I have spoken unto you. Abide in 
me, and 1 in you. As the branch cannot bear fruit of itself, 
except it abide in the vine: no more can ye, except ye abide in 
me. I am the vine, ye are the branches; He that abidcth in 
me, and I in him, the same bringcth forth much fruit: for 
without me ye can do nothing. If a man abide not in me, he 
is cast forth as a branch, and is withered: and men gather 
them, and they are cast into the fire, and they arc burned. — 
John 15: 1—6. 

The Lord instructcth Joshua how to detect the transgres- 



214 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

sor in the accursed thing, when Achan is discovered, and he 
and all that he had stoned with stones and burned ; this is a 
symbolical of the punishment of the wicked in the lake of fire. 

Symbols. So Joshua sent messengers, and they ran unto 
the tent, and behold it was hid in his tent, and the silver 
under it. And they took them out of the midst of the tent, 
and brought them unto Joshua, and unto all the children of 
Israel, aud laid them out before the Lord. And Joshua, and 
all Israel with him, took Achan the son of Zerah, and the 
silver, and the garment, and the wedge of gold, and his sons, 
and his daughters, and his oxen, and his asses, and his sheep, 
and his teflt, and all that he had: and they brought them unto 
the valley of Achor. And Joshua said, Why hast thou 
troubled us ? the Lord shall trouble thee this day. And all 
Israel stoned him with stones, and burned them with fire, 
after they had stoned them with stones. And they raised 
over him a great heap of stones unto this day. So the Lord 
turned from the fierceness of his anger: wherefore the name 
of that place was called, the valley of Achor, unto this day. 
Joshua 7: 22—26. 

Substantive. And whosoever shall offend one of these 
little ones that believe in me, it is better for him that a mill- 
stone were hanged about his neck, and he were cast into the 
sea. And if thy hand offend thee, cut it off: it is better for 
thee to enter into life maimed, than having two hands to go 
into hell, into the fire that never shall be quenched: Where 
their worm dieth not, and the fire is not quenched. And if 
thy foot offend thee, cut it off: it is better for thee to enter 
halt into life, than having two feet to be cast into hell, into 
the fire that never shall be quenched: Where the worm dieth 
not, and the fire is not quenched. And if thine eye offend 
thee, pluck it out: it is better for thee to enter into the king- 
dom of God with one eye, than having two eyes, to he cast 
into hell-fire: Where their worm dieth not, and the fire is not 
quenched. For every one shall be salted with^zre, and every 
sacrifice shall be salted with salt. Salt is good: but if the 
salt have lost his saltness, wherewith will ye season it? Have 



JOSHUA A TYPE OF CHRIST. 215 

salt in yourselves, and have peace one with another. Mark 
9: 42—50. 

The transgressors and the accursed things being put away 
from the congregation, the Lord is consulted, and he suggests 
to Joshua the stratagem whereby Ai was taken, and the in- 
habitants thereof slain, and its king hanged. This case sym- 
bolical of the triumph of the Church when acting under the 
directions of Christ, its head. The victory won, Joshua 
builds an altar and offers sacrifices and peace-offerings, as an 
acknowledgment of sin, and gratitude for God'sProvidential 
interferance, and mercies bestowed. 

Symbols. Then Joshua built an altar unto the Lord God 
of Israel in mount Ebal, As Moses the servant of the Lord 
commanded the children of Israel, as it is written in the book 
of the law of Moses, an altar of whole stones, over which no 
man hath lifted up any iron: and they offered thereon burnt- 
offerings unto the Lord, and sacrificed peace-offerings. And 
he wrote there upon the stones a copy of the law of Moses, 
which he wrote in the presence of the children of Israel. — 
And all Israel, and their elders, and officers, and their judges, 
stood on this side the ark and on that side before the priests 
and Levites, which bare the ark of the covenant of the Lord, 
as well the stranger, as he that was born among them; half 
of them over against mount Gerizim, and half of them over 
against mount Ebal; as Moses the servant of the Lord had 
commanded before, that they should bless the people of Israel. 
And afterward he read all the words of the law, the blessings 
and cursings, according to all that is written in the book of 
the law. There was not a word of all that Moses command- 
ed, which Joshua read not before all the congregation of 
Israel, with the women, and the little ones, and the strangers 
that were conversant among them. Joshua S: 30 — 35. 

Substantive. So that we may boldly say, The Lord is my 
helper, and I will not fear what man shall do unto inc. Re- 
member them which have the rule over you. who have spoken 
unto you the word of God: whose faith follow, considering 
the end of their conversation: Jesus Christ the same yester- 
day, and to-day, and forever. Be not carried about with di- 



216 EXPOSITION OP THE TRINITIES. 

vers and strange doctrines: for it is a good thing that the 
heart be established with grace; not with meats, which have 
not profited them that have been occupied therein. We have 
an altar, whereof they have no right to eat which serve the 
tabernacle. For the bodies of those beasts, whose blood is 
brought into the sanctuary by the high priest for sin, are 
burned without the camp. Wherefore Jesus also, that he 
might sanctify the people with his own blood, suffered without 
the gate. Let us go forth therefore unto him without the 
camp, bearing his reproach. For here have we no continuing 
city, but we seek one to come. By him therefore let us offer 
the sacrifice of praise to God continually, that is, the fruit of 
our lips, giving thanks to his name. But to do good, and to 
communicate, forget not: for with such sacrifices God is well 
pleased. Obey thein that have the rule over you, and submit 
yourselves: for they watch for your souls, as they that must 
give account, that they may do it with joy, and not with 
grief: for that is unprofitable for you. Heb. 13: 6 — IT. 

The Gibeonitcs being threatened by five kings, they send 
to Gilgal to Joshua for assistance ; he goes up with a great 
army, and the Lord works miracles on behalf of Israel to 
the complete overthrow and destruction of their enemies — 
This symbolical of the Power of Christ in thwarting and 
bringing to nought the schemes and power of the enemies of 
his people. 

Symbols. And the men of Gibeon sent unto Joshua to 
the camp at Gilgal, saying, Slack not thy hand from thy ser- 
vants; come up to us quickly, and save us, and help us: for 
all the kings of the Amorites that dwell in the mountains are 
gathered together against us. So Joshua ascended from Gil- 
gal, he, and all the people of war with him, and all the mighty 
men of valor. And the Lord Said unto Joshua, Fear them 
not: for I have delivered them into thine hand; lliere shall 
not a man of them stand before thee. Joshua therefore came 
unto them suddenly, and went up from Gilgal all night. And 
the Lord discomfited them before Israel, and slew them with 
a great slaughter at Gibeon, and chased them along the way 
that goeth up to Beth-horon, and smote them to Azekah, and 



JOSHUA A TYPE OF CHRIST. 217 

unto Makkedah. And it came to pass as they fled from be- 
fore Israel, and were in the going down to Beth-horon, that 
the Lord cast down great stones from heaven upon them unto 
Azekah, and they died: they were more which died with hail- 
stones than they whom the children of Israel slew with the 
sword. Then spake Joshua to the Lord in the day when the 
Lord delivered up the Amorites before the children of Israel, 
and he said in the sight of Israel, Sun, stand thou still upon 
Gibeon, and thou Moon, in the valley of Ajalon. And the 
sun stood still, and the moon stayed, until the people had 
avenged themselves upon their enemies. Is not this written 
in the book of Jasher ? So the sun stood still in the midst of 
heaven,'^and hasted not to go down about a whole day. And 
there was no day like that before it or after it, that the Lord 
hearkened unto the voice of a man: for the Lord fought for 
Israel. Joshua 10: 6 — 14. 

Substantive. And he saith unto him, Out of thine own 
mouth will I judge thee, thou wicked servant. Thou knewest 
that I was an austere man, taking up that I laid not down, 
and reaping that I did not sow: Wherefore then gavest not 
thou my money into the bank, that at my coming I might 
have required mine own with usury ? And he said unto them 
that stood by, Take from him ^ e pound, and give it to him 
that hath ten pounds. (And tVoy said unto him, Lord, he hath 
ten pounds.) For I say unto you, That unto every one which 
hath, shall be given; and from him which hath not, even that 
he hath shall be taken away from him. But those mine ene- 
mies, which would not that I should reign over them, bring- 
hither, and slay them before me. Luke 19: 22 — 27. 

Joshua, under God, the commander of the armies of Israel, 
subdues all their enemies and takes their country, according 
to the promises of God to the fathers, and to Moses and him- 
self. This is symbolical of the universal dominion of Christ, 
and the triumph of his saints. 

Symbols. As the Lord commanded Moses his servant, so 
did Moses command Joshua, and so did Joshua: he left noth- 
ing undone of all that the Lord commanded Moses. So Joshua 
took all that land, the hills and all the south country, and 



218 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

all the land of Goshen, and the valley, and the plain, and the 
mountain of Israel, and the valley of the same: Even from 
the mount Halak, that goetli up to Seir, even unto Baal-gad, 
in the valley of Lebanon under mount Hermon: and all their 
kings he took, and smote them, and slew them. Joshua made 
war a long time with all those kings. There was not a city 
that made peace with the children of Israel, save the Hivites 
the inhabitants of G-ibeon: all other they took in battle. For 
it was of the Lord to harden their hearts, that they should 
come against Israel in battle, that he might destroy them ut- 
terly, and that they might have no favor, but that he might 
destroy them, as the Lord commanded Moses. Joshua, 11: 
15—20. 

Substantive. Give the king thy judgments, God, and 
thy righteousness unto the king's son. He shall judge thy 
people with righteousness, and thy poor with judgment. The 
mountains shall bring peace to the people, and the little hills, 
by righteousness. He shall judge the poor of the people, he 
shall save the children of the needy, and shall break in pieces 
the oppressor. They shall fear thee as long as the sun and 
moon endure, throughout all generations. He shall come 
down like rain upon the mown grass; as showers that water 
the earth. In his da} T s sh^.^he righteous flourish: and abun- 
dance of peace so long as the ntaon endureth. He shall have 
dominion also from sea to sea, and from the river unto the 
ends of the earth. They that dwell in the wilderness shall 
bow before him: and his enemies shall lick the dust. The 
kings of Tarshish and of the isles shall bring presents: the 
kings of Sheba and Seba shall offer gifts. Yea, all kings 
shall fall down before him: all nations shall serve him. For 
he shall deliver the needy when he crieth: the poor also, and 
him that hath no helper. He shall spare the poor and needy, 
and shall save the souls of the needy. He shall redeem their 
soul from deceit and violence: and precious shall their blood be 
in his sight. And he shall live, and to him shall be given of 
the gold of Sheba: prayer also shall be made for him contin- 
ually: and daily shall he be praised. There shall be an hand- 
ful of corn in the earth upon the top of the mountains: thefruit 



JOSHUA A TYPE OF CHRIST. 219 

thereof shall shake like Lebanon: and they of the city shall 
flourish like grass of the earth. His name shall endure for 
ever: his name shall be continued as long as the sun: and 
men shall be blessed in him: all nations shall call him blessed. 
Blessed be the Lord God, the God of Israel, who only doeth 
wondrous things. And blessed be his glorious name for ever: 
and let the whole earth be filled with his glory. Ps. 72. 

Joshua, as a reward for his fidelity, obtaineth Hebron for 
an inheritance for himself and his seed. This was given him 
as the type of Christ, which typified the heavenly inheritance 
given by Christ himself to his faithful followers. 

Symbol. Then the children of Judah came unto Joshua in 
Gilgal: and Caleb the son of Jephunneh the Kenezite said 
unto him, Thou knowest the thing that the Lord Said unto 
Moses the man of God concerning me and thee in Kadesh- 
barnea. Forty years old was I when Moses the servant of 
the Lord sent me from Kadesh-barnea to spy out the land: 
and I brought him word again as it was in mine heart. Nev- 
ertheless, my brethren that went up with me made the heart 
of the people melt: but I wholly followed the Lord my God. 
And Moses sware on that day, saying, Surely the land where- 
on thy feet have trodden shall be thine inheritance, and thy 
children's for ever: because thou hast wholly followed the 
Lord my God. And now, behold, the Lord hath kept me 
alive, as he said, these forty and five years, even since the 
Lord Spake this word unto Moses, while the children of Israel 
wandered in the wilderness: and now, lo, I am this day four- 
score and five years old. As yet, I am as strong this day, as 
I was in the day that Moses sent me: as my strength was 
then, even so is my strength now, for war, both to go out, and 
to come in. Now therefore give me this mountain, whereof 
the Lord Spake in that day: for thou heardest in that day 
how the Anakins were there, and that the cities were great 
and fenced: if so be the Lord will he be with me, then I shall 
be able to drive them out, as the Lord Said. And Joshua 
blessed him, and gave unto Caleb the son of Jephunneh, He- 
bron for an inheritance. Hebron therefore became the inher- 
itance of Caleb the son of Jephunneh the Kenezite unto this 



220 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

day: because that he wholly followed the Lord God of Israel. 
And the name of Hebron before was Kir-jath-arba: which 
Arba was a great man among the Anakins. And the land 
had rest from war. Joshua 14: 6 — 15. 

Substantive. And I saw a new Heaven and a new earth; 
for the first heaven and the first earth were passed away; and 
there was no more sea. And I, John, saw the holy city, new 
Jerusalem, coming down from God out of heaven prepared 
as a bride adorned for her husband. And I heard a great 
voice out of heaven, saying, Behold, the tabernacle of God 
is with men, and he will dwell with them, and they shall be his 
people, and God himself shall be with them and be their God. 
And God shall wipe away all tears from their eyes; and there 
shall be no more death, neither sorrow, nor crying, neither shall 
there be any more pain: for the former things are passed away. 
And he that sat upon the throne Said, Behold, I make all 
things new. And he Said unto me, Write: for these words 
are true and faithful. And he Said unto me, It is done. I 
am Alpha and Omega, the beginning and the end. I will 
give unto him that is athirst of the fountain of the water of 
life freely. He that overcometh shall inherit all things: and I 
will be his God, and he shall be my son. But the fearful, and 
unbelieving, and the abominable, and murderers, and whore- 
mongers, and sorcerers, and idolaters, and all liars, shall have 
their part in the lake which burnetii with fire and brimstone: 
which is the second death. Rev. 21: 1 — 8. 

The tribe of Joseph, because of the character and distinc- 
tion of their father, obtain an additional inheritance in Ca- 
naan; this symbolizes the distinction conferred upon the 
saints in light who distinguished themselves on earth by their 
extraordinary services in the vineyard of their Master. 

Symbols. And the children of Joseph spake unto Joshua, 
saying, Why hast thou given me but one lot and one portion 
to inherit, seeing I am a great people, forasmuch as the Lord 
hath blessed me hitherto? And Joshua answered them, If 
thou be a great people, then get thee up to the wood-country, 
and cut down for thyself there in the land of the Perizzites 
and of the giants, if mount Ephraim be too narrow for thee. 



JOSHUA A TYPE OF CHRIST. 221 

And the children of Joseph said, The hill is not enough for 
us: and all the Canaanites that dwell in the land of the val- 
ley haye chariots of iron, both they who are of Beth-shean 
and her towns, and they who are of the valley of Jezreel.— 
And Joshua spake unto the house of Joseph, even to Ephraim 
and to Manasseh, saying, Thou art a great people, and hast 
great power: thou shalt not have one lot only: But the moun- 
tain shall be thine: for it is a wood, and thou shalt cut it 
down: and the out-goings of it shall be thine: for thou shalt 
drive out the Canaanites, though they have iron chariots, and 
they be strong. Joshua, 17: 14 — 18. 

Substantive. There are also celestial bodies, and bodies ter~ 
restial: and the glory of the celestial is one, and the glory of 
the terrestial is another. There is one glory of the sun and 
another glory of the moon, and another glory of the stars; 
for one star differeth from another star in glory. So also is 
the resurrection of the dead. It is sown in corruption, it is 
raised in incorruption: It is sown in dishonor, it is raised in 
glory: it is sown in weakness, it is raised in power: It is sown 
a natural body, it is raised a spiritual body. There is a nat- 
ural body, and there is a spiritual body. And so it is writ- 
ten, The first man Adam was made a living soul, the last 
Adam was m,ade a quickening spirit. 1 Cor. 15: 40 — 45. 

The Tabernacle is set up at Shiloh, as a symbol of that 
'rest which remains for the people of God. 7 And Joshua's 
appointing three elders from each tribe in Israel, to divide 
the land among the tribes according to their respective num- 
bers, symbolizes the gifts of the Holy Ghost, who, through 
the mediation of Christ, prepares his people for the inherit- 
ance of the saints. 

Symbols. And the whole congregation of the children of 
Israel assembled together at Shiloh, and set up the taberna- 
cle of the congregation there: and the land was subdued be- 
fore them. And there remained among the children of Israel 
seven tribes, which had not yet received their inheritance. — 
And Joshua said unto the children of Israel, How long are 
ye slack to go to possess the land Avhich the Lord God of your 
fathers hath given you? Give out from among you three men 



222 EXPOSITION OP THE TRINITIES. 

for each tribe: and I will send them, and they shall rise, and 
go through the land, and describe it according to the inher- 
itance of them, and they shall come again to me. And they 
shall divide it into seven parts: Judah shall abide in their 
coast on the south, and the house of Joseph shall abide in 
their coasts on the north. Ye shall therefore describe the 
land into seven parts, and bring the description hither to me, 
that I may cast lots for you here before the Lord our God. 
But the Levites have no part among you: for the priesthood 
of the Lord is their inheritance: and Gad, and Keuben, and 
half the tribe of Manasseh, have received their inheritance 
beyond Jordan on the east, which Moses the servant of the 
Lord gave them. And the men arose, and went away: and 
Joshua charged them that went to describe the land, say- 
ing, Go, and walk through the land, and describe it, and 
come again to me, that I may here cast lots for you before 
the Lord here in Shiloh. And the men went and passed 
through the land, and described it by cities into seven parts 
in a book, and came again to Joshua to the host at Shiloh. 
And Joshua cast lots for them in Shiloh before the Lord: and 
there Joshua divided the land unto the children of Israel ac- 
cording to their divisions. Joshua 18: 1 — 10. 

Substantive. Then said Jesus unto his disciples, Verily 
I say unto you, That a rich man shall hardly enter into the 
kingdom of heaven. And again I say unto you, It is easier 
for a camel to go through the eye of a needle, than for a rich 
man to enter into the kingdom of God. When his disciples 
heard it, they were exceedingly amazed, saying, Who then 
can be saved? But Jesus beheld them, and said unto them, 
With men this is impossible, but with God all things are pos- 
sible. Then answered Peter, and said unto him, Behold, we 
have forsaken all, and followed thee: what shall we have 
therefore? And Jesus said unto them, Yerily I say unto you, 
That ye which have followed me in the regeneration, when the 
Son of man shall sit on the throne of his glory, ye also shall 
sit upon twelve thrones, judging the twelve tribes of Israel. — 
And every one that hath forsaken houses, or brethren, or sis- 
ters, or father, or mother, or wife, or children, or lands, for 



JOSHUA A TYPE OF CHRIST. 223 

my name's sake, shall receive an hundred-fold, and shall in- 
herit everlasting life. But many that are first shall be last, 
and the last shall be first. Matt. 29: 23—30. 

The cities of refuge which the Lord appointed through 
Joshua, for the protection of those who unwitingly slew his 
fellow, in which cities he was protected by law from the pur- 
suer, until the regular form of trial prescribed by the law: 
this symbolized the efficacious atonement made by Christ for 
sins of ignorance, but still require an atonement in order to 
get forgiveness. 

Symbols. The Lord also Spake unto Joshua, saying, Speak 
to the children of Israel, saying, Appoint out for you cities 
of refuge, whereof I Spake unto you by the hand of Moses: 
That the slayer that killeth any person unawares and unwit- 
tingly, may flee thither: and they shall be your refuge from 
the avenger of blood. And when he that doth flee unto one 
of those cities shall stand at the entering of the gate of the 
city, and shall declare his cause in the ears of the elders of 
that city, they shall take him into the city unto them, and 
give him a place, that he may dwell among them. And if 
the avenger of blood pursue after him, then they shall not 
deliver the slayer up into his hand: because he smote his 
neighbor unwittingly, and hated him not beforetime. And 
he shall dwell in that city, until he stand before the congre- 
gation for judgment, and until the death of the high priest 
that shall be in those days: then shall the slayer return, and 
come unto his own city, and unto his own house, unto the city 
from whence he fled. Joshua 20: 1 — 6. 

Substantive. For God is not unrighteous to forget your 
work and labor of love, which ye have shewed toward his 
name, in that ye have ministered to the saints, and do minis- 
ter. And we desire that every one of you do shew the same 
diligence to the full assurance of hope unto the end: That ye 
be not slothful, but followers of them who through faith and 
patience inherit the promises. For when God made promises 
to Abraham, because he could not swear by no greater, he 
sware by himself, Saying, Surely blessing I will bless thee, 
and multiplying I will multiply thee. And so, after he had 



224 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

patiently endured, be obtained the promise. For men verily 
swear by the greater: and an oath for confirmation is to them 
an end of all strife. Wherein God, willing more abundantly 
to shew unto the heirs of promise the immutability of his 
counsel, confirmed it by an oath: That by two immutable 
things, in which it was impossible for God to lie, we might 
have a strong consolation, who have fled for refuge to lay 
hold upon the hope set bejore us: Which hope we have as an 
anchor of the soul, both sure and steadfast, and which enter- 
eth into that within the vail: Whither the forerunner is for 
us entered, even Jesus, made an High Priest for ever after the 
order of Melchisedec. Heb. 6: 10—20. 

Joshua becoming old and aware that the time of his depar- 
ture was at hand, lie assembles the hosts of Israel, their el- 
ders, their heads, their judges, and their officers, and exhorts 
them to obedience as the condition of their prosperity; and 
God's faithfulness on his part to fulfill his Word to their fa- 
thers and to them. This illustrative of obedience to Christ, 
his precepts and commandments, in order to inherit eternal 
life. 

Symbols. And it came to pass, a long time after that the 
Lord had given rest unto Israel from all their enemies round 
about, that Joshua waxed old and stricken in age. And 
Joshua called for all Israel, and for their elders, and for their 
heads, and for their judges, and for their officers, and said 
unto them, I am old and stricken in age: And ye have seen all 
that the Lord your God hath done unto all these nations be- 
cause of you: for the Lord your God is he that hath fought 
for you. Behold, I have divided unto you by lot these na- 
tions that remain, to be an inheritance for your tribes, from 
Jordan, with all the nations that I have cut off, even unto the 
great sea westward. And the Lord your God, he shall expel 
them from before you, and drive them from out of your sight: 
and ye shall possess their land, as the Lord your God hath 
promised unto you. Be ye therefore very courageous to keep 
and to do all that is written in the book of the law of Moses, 
that ye turn not aside therefrom to the right hand or to the 
left: That ye come not among these nations, these that re- 



JOSHUA A TYPE OF CHRIST. 225 

main among you: neither make mention of the name of their 
gods, nor cause to swear by them, neither serve them, nor bow 
yourselves unto them: But cleave unto the Lord your God, 
as ye have done unto this day. For the Lord hath driven 
out from before you great nations and strong: but as for you, 
no man hath been able to stand before you unto this day. — 
One man of you shall chase a thousand: for the Lord your 
God, he it is that fighteth for you, as he hath promised you. 
Take good heed therefore unto yourselves, that ye love the 
Lord your God. Joshua 23: 1 — 11. 

Substantive. And he saith unto me, Seal not the sayings 
of the prophecy of this book: for the time is at hand. He 
that is unjust, let him be unjust still: and he that is filthy, let 
him be filthy still: and he that is righteous, let him be right- 
eous still: and he that is holy, let him be holy still. And be- 
hold, I come quickly: and my reward is with me, to give 
every man according as his work shall be. I am Alpha and 
Omega, the beginning and the end, the first and the last. — 
Blessed are they that do his commandments, that they may have 
right to the tree of life, and may enter in through the gates into 
the city. For without are dogs, and sorcerers, and whore- 
mongers, and murderers, and idolaters, and whosoever loveth 
and maketh a lie. I Jesus have sent mine angel to testify 
unto you these things in the churches. I am the root and the 
offspring of David, and the bright and morning star. And 
the Spirit and the bride say, Come. And let him that hear- 
eth say, Come. And let him that is athirst come. And who- 
soever will, let him take the water of life freely. For I testify 
unto every man that heareth the words of the prophecy of 
this book, If any man shall add unto these things, God shall 
add unto him the plagues that are written in this book: And 
if any man shall take away from the words of the book of this 
prophecy, God shall take away his part out of the book of 
life, and out of the holy city, and from the things which are 
written in this book. He which testifies these things saith, 
Surely I come quickly: Amen. Even so, come, Lord Jesus. 
The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with you all Amen. 
Rev. 22: 10—21. 
15 



226 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

Joshua after a long and pathetic detail of God's dealings 
and mercies to his people Israel, and admonitions in view of 
his former chastisements for disobedience, and encourage- 
ments in view of his blessings conferred upon them, and 
promises of future and still greater favors, reviews the Cove- 
nant made at mount Sinai, set up a great stone as a witness 
of the covenant now made, and bids the people an affection- 
ate farewell, and let every man depart to his own house. — 
These things symbolized the last warnings, admonitions, and 
promises, made by our Savior to his disciples. 

Symbols. Now therefore fear ye the Lord, and serve him 
in sincerity and in truth: and put away the gods which your 
fathers served on the other side of the flood, and in Egypt: 
and serve ye the Lord. And if it seem evil unto you to serve 
the Lord, choose you this day whom you will serve, whether 
the gods which your fathers served that were on the other 
side of the flood, or gods of the Amorites in whose land ye 
dwell: but as for me and my house, we will serve the Lord. 
And the people answered, and said, God forbid that we 
should forsake the Lord, to serve other gods: For the Lord 
our God, he it is that brought us up, and our fathers, out of 
the land of Egypt, from the house of bondage, and which did 
those great signs in our sight, and preserved us in all the way 
wherein we went, and among all the people through whom 
we passed: And the Lord drave out from before us all the 
people, even the Amorites which dwell in the land: therefore 
will we also serve the Lord: for he is our God. And Joshua 
said unto the people, Ye cannot serve the Lord: for he is an 
holy God: he is a jealous God: he will not forgive your trans- 
gressions, nor your sins. If ye forsake the Lord and serve 
strange gods, then he will turn and do you hurt, and consume 
you, after that he hath done you good. And the people said 
unto Joshua, Nay: but we will serve the Lord. And Joshua 
said unto the people, Ye are witnesses against yourselves 
that ye have chosen you the Lord, to serve him. And they 
said, We are witnesses. Now therefore put away (said he) 
the strange gods which are among you, and incline your heart 
unto the Lord God of Israel. And the people said unto 



JOSHUA A TYPE OF CHRIST. 227 

Joshua, The Lord our God will we serve, and his voice will 
we obey. So Joshua made a covenant with the people that 
day, and set them a statute and an ordinance in Shechem. — 
Joshua 24: 14—25. 

Substantive. And he said unto them, These are the words 
w T hich I spake unto you, while I was yet with you, that all 
things must be fulfilled which were written in the law of Mo- 
ses, and in the prophets, and in the psalms, concerning me. 
Then opened he their understanding, that they might under- 
stand the scriptures, And said unto them, Thus it is written, 
and thus it behooved Christ to suffer, and to rise from the 
dead the third day: And that repentance and remission of 
sins should be preached in his name among all nations, be- 
ginning at Jerusalem. And ye are witnesses of these things. 
And behold, I send the 'promise of my Father upon you: but 
tarry ye in the city of Jerusalem, until ye be endued 
with power from on high. And he led them out as far as to 
Bethany: and he lifted up his hands, and blessed them. And 
it came to pass, while he blessed them, he was parted from 
them, and carried up into heaven. And they worshipped 
him, and returned to Jerusalem with great joy : And were 
continually in the temple, praising and blessing God. Amen. 
Luke 24: 44—53. 

Joshua having, in a faithful manner, accomplished his mis- 
sion, and as mediator, and commander of the armies of Isra- 
el, subdued their enemies and put them in possession of their 
promised inheritance, gave up the ghost, and was gathered 
to his people. This a type of the Mediatorship and inter- 
cession of Ghrist in behalf of the spiritual Israel, and their 
final entrance through his atonement and sanctification of the 
Spirit into the kingdom of heaven. 

Type. And it came to pass after these things, that Joshua 
the son of Nun the servant of the Lord died, being an hundred 
and ten years old. And they buried him in the border of his 
inheritance in Timnah-serah, which is in mount Ephraim, on 
the north side of the hill of Gaash. And Israel served the 
Lord all the days of Joshua, and all the days of the elders 
that overlived Joshua, and which had known all the works 



228 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

of the Lord that he had done for Israel. Joshua 24: 29 — 31. 

Antitype. For Christ is not entered into the holy places 
made with hands, which are the figures of the true: but into 
heaven itself, now to appear in the presence of God for us: 
Nor yet that he should offer himself often, as the high priest 
entereth into the holy place every year with blood of others: 
For then must he often have suffered since the foundation of 
the world: but now once in the end of the world hath he ap- 
peared to put away sin by the sacrifice of himself. And as it is 
appointed unto men once to die, but after this the judgment: 
So Christ was once offered to bear the sins of many: and unto 
them that look for him shall he appear the second time with- 
out sin unto salvation. Heb. 9: 24 — 28. 

Here ends the life and mediatorial office of Joshua: and the 
life and high priesthood of Eleazar, who in their respective 
offices, were both types of Christ for the period of twenty-six 
years, from the death of Aaron and Moses to the conquest 
and settlement of the promised land. Not much is said of 
Eleazar during this long period, but what is said is favorable 
to his character, and official conduct. Joshua seems to have 
been the most active agent in executing the Father's Will in 
expelling the idolatrous nations, and giving Israel possession 
of their long sought rest. He commanded the first and the 
last battle that was fought by the armies of Israel; from their 
crossing the Red sea, to the last victory and complete tri- 
umph, and never, when he was present, was a battle lost; in 
a multitude of desperately contested struggles it may be said 
in every case, — the Philistines fled before Israel and there 
was a great slaughter among the enemies of God's people. 
Having grown old and stricken in age in the service of the 
Lord, he assembled Israel and gave them his farewell ad- 
dress; and 'the ruling passion strong in death/ his words 
burn with patriotism and solicitude for the welfare of his 
people, and summing up the history of past events, in which 
were displayed the goodness of God in their protection and 
preservation, coupled with warnings against backsliding and 
idolatry, and exhorting them to obedience and fidelity to the 
law of Moses and the service of the Lord, he resigns his com- 



GIDEON A TYPE OF CHRIST. 229 

mission into the hands of his people; and his soul to the God 
of his unshaken confidence and hope, at the advanced age of 
one hundred and ten years. 

'And it came to pass after these things, that Joshua the 
son of Nun the servant of the Lord died, being an hundred 
and ten years old. And they buried him in the border of his 
inheritance in Timnath-serah, which is in mount Ephraim, on 
the north side of the hill of Gaash. Joshua 24: 29 — 30. 



CHAPTER Y. 



After the death of Joshua, Israel soon relapsed into idol& 
try, and were through mediators under God, and who were 
types of Christ, delivered from their enemies and from bond- 
age. About an hundred and eighty years after the death of 
Joshua, they were in bondage to theMidianites, and were de- 
livered through the mediation of Gideon, the son of Joash, 
of the tribe of Manasseh. This deliverance symbolizes the 
deliverance of the spiritual Israel from the bondage of sin, 
by the mediation of Christ, through the Spirit of Christ. 

Symbols. And there came an angel of the Lord and sat 
under an oak which was in Ophrah, that pertained unto Joash 
the Abi-ezrite: and his son Gideon threshed wheat by the 
wine-press, to hide it from the Midianites. And the angel 
of the Lord appeared unto him, and said unto him, The Lord 
is with thee, thou mighty man of valor. And Gideon said 
unto him, my Lord, if the Lord be with us, why then is all 
this befallen us? and where be all his miracles which our 
fathers told us of, saying, Did not the Lord bring us up from 
Egypt? but now the Lord hath forsaken us, and delivered us 
into the hands of the Midianites. And the Lord looked upon 



230 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

him and Said, Go in this thy might, and thou shalt save Israel 
from the hand of the Midianites: have not I sent thee? And 
he said unto him, my Lord, wherewith shall I save Israel? 
behold, my family is poor in Manasseh, and I am the least in 
my father's house. And the Lord Said unto him, Surely I 
will be with thee, and thou shalt smite the Midianites as one 
man. And he said unto him, If now I have found grace in 
thy sight, then shew me a sign that thou talkest with me. 
Depart not hence, I pray thee, until I come unto thee, and 
bring forth my present, and set it before thee. And he said, 
I will tarry until thou come again. Judges 6: 11 — 18. 

In the above Covenant between the Father and Gideon, as 
mediator between the Father and Israel, we discover a two- 
fold Trinity. 1. The Spiritual Trinity, in Creation and Le- 
gislation. And the Lord Said unto him, Here is the Father t 
the Word, and the Holy Ghost, through which, as always the 
Father Speaks. The Spiritual Trinity, here, first creates, or 
constitutes Gideon the mediator, and, secondly, legislates the 
course and the means, which Gideon was to adopt and pursue, 
to accomplish the purpose of the Father, in the deliverance 
of Israel from the Midianites. 

2. We discover the Compound, Executive, Typical Trinity, 
in Redemption, in the Persons of the Father, Gideon, and the 
Holy Ghost, proceeding from the Father, through Gideon, in 
the execution of his purposes. And thus the organized, Com- 
pound Typical Trinity operates throughout the Administration 
of Gideon. 

The Covenant being thus ordained between the Father and 
Gideon, it is then confirmed and ratified in the hands of the 
mediator, by the offering of sacrifices. 

Type. And Gideon went in, and made ready a kid, and 
unleavened cakes of an ephah of flour: the flesh he put in a 
basket, and he put the broth in a pot, and brought it out unto 
him under the oak, and presented it. And the angel of God 
said unto him, Take the flesh and the unleavened cakes, and 
lay them upon this rock, and pour out the broth. And he 
did so. Then the angel of the Lord put forth the end of the 
staff that was in his hand, and touched the flesh and the un- 



GIDEON A TYPE OP CHRIST. 231 



leavened cakes: and there rose up fire out of the rock, and 
consumed the flesh and the unleavened cakes. Then the angel 
of the Lord departed out of his sight. And when Gideon 
perceived that he was an angel of the Lord, Gideon said, 
Alas, Lord God ! for because I have seen an angel of the 
Lord face to face. And the Lord Said unto him, Peace be 
unto thee: fear not: thou shalt not die. Then Gideon built 
an altar there unto the Lord, and called it Jehovah-shalom: 
unto this day it is yet in Ophrah of the Abi-ezrites. Judges 
6: 19—24. 

Antitype. Now of the things which we have spoken this 
is the sum: We have such an high priest, who is set on the 
right hand of the throne of the Majesty in the heavens: A 
minister of the.sanctuary, and of the true tabernacle, which 
the Lord pitched, and not man. For every high priest is 
ordained to offer gifts and sacrifices: wherefore it is of neces- 
sity that this man have somewhat also to offer. For if he 
were on earth, he should not be a priest, seeing that there are 
priests that offer gifts according to the law: Who serve unto 
the example and shadow of heavenly things, as Moses was 
admonished of God when he was about to make the taberna- 
cle: for, See (Saith he) that thou make all things according 
to the pattern shewn to thee in the mount. But now hath he 
obtained a more excellent ministry, by how much also he is 
the Mediator of a better covenant, which was established upon 
better promises. For if that first covenant had been fault- 
less, then should no place have been sought for the second. 
For finding fault with them, he saith, Behold, the days come, 
Saith the Lord, when I will make a new covenant with the house 
of Israel and with the house of Judah: Not according to the 
covenant that I made with their fathers, in the day when I 
took them by the hand to lead them out of the land of Egypt: 
because they continued not in my covenant, and I regarded 
them not, Saith the Lord. For this is the covenant that I 
will make with the house of Israel, after those days, Saith the 
Lord: I will put my laws into their mind, and write them in 
their hearts: and I will be to them a God, and they shall be 
to me a people-. And they shall not teach every man his neigh- 



232 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

bor, and every man his brother, saying, Know the Lord: for 
all shall know me, from the least to the greatest. For I will 
be merciful to their unrighteousness, and their sins and their 
iniquities will I remember no more. In that he saith, A new 
covenant, he hath made the first old. Now that which decay- 
eth and waxeth old, is ready to vanish away. Heb. 8 chap. 

Gideon requests a sign of the Father that he might be more 
fully assured that he was called and appointed of the Lord, 
to deliver Israel out of the hand of the Midianites; where- 
upon the Lord, at the request of Gideon, saturates the fleece 
of wool on the floor with dew, while all the floor was dry, 
and afterwards, at the request of Gideon, the floor is wet with 
dew, and the fleece of wool remained dry. This symbolical 
of the Spirit in the heart of God's people, in dry places com- 
forting them, and strengthening their faith in the prosecution 
of his will and purposes. 

Symbols. Then all the Midianites, and Amalekites, and 
the children of the east were gathered together, and went 
over, and pitched in the valley of Jezreel. But the Spirit of 
the Lord came upon Gideon, and he blew a trumpet: and 
Abi-ezer was gathered after him. And he sent messengers 
throughout all Manasseh: who also was gathered after him: 
and he sent messengers unto Asher, and unto Zebulun, and 
unto Naphtali: and they came up to meet them. And Gide- 
on said unto God, If thou wilt save Israel by my hand, as 
thou hast Said, Behold, I will put a fleece of wool in the floor: 
and if the dew be on the fleece only, and it be dry upon all 
the earth besides, then shall I know that thou wilt save Israel 
by my hand, as thou hast Said. And it was so: for he rose 
up early on the morrow, and thrust the fleece together, and 
wringed the dew out of the fleece, a bowl-full of water. And 
Gideon said unto God, Let not thine anger be hot against me, 
and I will speak but this once: let me prove, I pray thee, but 
this once with the fleece; let it now be dry only upon the 
fleece, and upon all the ground let there be dew. And God 
did so that night: for it was dry upon the fleece only, and 
there was dew upon all the ground. Joshua 6: 33 — 40. 

Substantive. Israel, return unto the Lord thy God: 



GIDEON A TYPE OF CHRIST. 233 

for thou hast fallen by thine iniquity. Take with you words, 
and turn to the Lord: say unto him, Take away all iniquity, 
and receive us graciously: so will we render the calves of our 
lips. Asshur shall not save us: we will not ride upon horses: 
neither will we say any more to the work of our hands, Ye 
are our gods: for in thee the fatherless findeth mercy. I will 
heal their backsliding, I will love them freely : for mine anger 
is turned away from him. I will be as the dew unto Israel: 
he shall grow as the lily, and cast forth his roots as Lebanon. 
His branches shall spread, and his beauty shall be as the olive- 
tree, and his smell as Lebanon. They that dwell under his 
shadow shall return: they shall revive as the corn, and grow 
as the vine: the scent thereof shall be as the wine of Lebanon. 
Ephraim shall say, What have I to do any more with idols? 
I have heard him, and observed him: I am like a green fir- 
tree. From me is thy fruit found. Who is wise, and he shall 
understand these things? prudent, and he shall know them? 
for the ways of the Lord are right, and the just shall walk 
in them: but the transgressors shall fall therein. Hosea 14 
chapter. 

God, to show Gideon that the battle is not to the strong, 
nor the race to the swift, when he was about to attack the 
Midianitish camp, reduced his army of thirty-two thousand 
men, to the small number of three hundred, that Israel should 
not vaunt themselves in their own strength and say it was by 
my power and might that I was saved. This symbolizes the 
power and efficacy of the Spirit of God in effecting the sal- 
vation of the human race. 

Symbols. Then Jerubbaal (who is Gideon) and all the 
people that were with him, rose up early and pitched beside 
the well of Harod; so that the host of the Midianites were 
on the north side of them by the hill of Moreh, in the valley. 
And the Lord Said unto Gideon, The people that are with 
thee are too many for me to give the Midianites into their 
hands, lest Israel vaunt themselves against me, saying, Mine 
own hand hath saved me. Now therefore go to, proclaim in 
the ears of the people, saying, Whosoever is fearful and 
afraid, let him return and depart early from mount Gilcad. 



234 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

And there returned of the people twenty and two thousand: 
and there remained ten thousand. And the Lord said unto 
Gideon, The people are yet too many: bring mem down unto 
the water, and I will try them for thee there: and it shall be 
that of whom I say unto thee, This shall go with thee, the 
same shall go with thee: and of whomsoever I say unto thee, 
This shall not go with thee, the same shall not go. So he 
brought down the people unto the water: and the Lord Said 
unto Gideon: Every one that lappeth of the water with his 
tongue as a dog lappeth, him shalt thou set by himself: like- 
wise every one that boweth down upon his knees to drink. 
And the number of them that lapped, putting their hand to 
their mouth, were three hundred men: but all the rest of the 
people bowed down upon their knees to drink water. And 
the Lord Said unto Gideon, By the three hundred men that 
lapped will I save you, and deliver the Midianites into thine 
hand: and let all the other people go every man unto his 
place. So the people took victuals in their hand, and their 
trumpets: and he sent all the rest of Israel every man unto 
his tent, and retained those three hundred men. And the 
host of Midian was beneath him in the valley. Judges 7: 
1—8. 

Substantive. I am the vine, and my Father is the hus- 
bandman. Every branch in me that beareth not fruit, he 
taketh away: and every branch that beareth fruit, he purgeth 
it, that it may bring forth more fruit. Now ye are clean 
through the Word which I have Spoken unto you. Abide in 
me, and I in you. As the branch cannot bear fruit of itself, 
except it abide in the vine: no more can ye, except ye abide 
in me. I am the vine, ye are the branches: He that abideth 
in me, and I in him, the same bringeth forth much fruit: for 
without me ye can do nothing. If a man abide not in me, he 
is cast forth as a branch, and is withered: and men gather 
them, and cast them into the fire, and they are burned. If ye 
abide in me, and my words abide in you, ye shall ask what 
ye will, and it shall be done unto you. Herein is my Father 
glorified, that ye bear much fruit: so shall ye be my disciples. 
John 15: 1—8. 



GIDEON A TYPE OF CHRIST. 235 

God strikes terror into the camp of Midian by the simple 
circumstance of a dream of one of the army, of seeing a cake 
of barley-bread tumble into the camp and smite a tent. This 
dream Gideon and Phurah his servant hear related while 
they lay in ambush in the dark, by which Gideon is encour- 
aged and becomes confident of success. This is an emblem 
in the Providences of God in the behalf of his people. 

Emblems. And it came to pass the same night, that the 
Lord Said unto him, Arise, get thee down unto the host: for 
I have delivered it into thine hand. But if thou fear to go 
down, go thou with Phurah thy servant down to the host: 
And thou shalt hear what they say: and afterward shall thine 
hands be strengthened to go down unto the host. Then went 
he down with Phurah his servant unto the outside of the 
armed men that were in the host. And the Midianites, and 
the Amalekites, and all the children of the east, lay along in 
the valley like grasshoppers for multitude: and their camels 
were without number, as the sand by the sea-side for multi- 
tude. And when Gideon was come, Behold, there was a man 
that told a dream unto his fellow, and said, Behold, I dream- 
ed a dream, and lo, a cake of barley-bread tumbled into the 
host of Midian, and came unto a tent, and smote it that it 
fell, and overturned it that the tent lay along. And his fel- 
low answered, and said, This is nothing else save the sword 
of Gideon the son of Joash, a man of Israel: for into his 
hand hath God delivered Midian, and all the host. And it 
was so, when Gideon heard the telling of the dream, and the 
interpretation thereof, that he worshipped, and returned into 
the host of Israel, and said, Arise, for the Lord hath deliv- 
ered into your hand the host of Midian. And he divided the 
three hundred men into three companies, and he put a trum- 
pet into every man's hand, with empty pitchers, and lamps 
within the pitchers. And he said unto them, Look on me, 
and do likewise: and behold, when I come to the outside of 
the camp, it shall be that as I do, so shall you do. When I 
blow with a trumpet, I and all that are with me, then blow 
ye the trumpets also on every side of all the camp, and say, 
The sword of the Lord, and of Gideon. Judges 7: 9 — 18. 



236 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

Substantive. And shall not God avenge his own elect, 
which cry day and night unto him, though he bear long with 
them? I tell you that he will avenge them speedily. Never- 
theless when the Son of man cometh, shall he find faith 
on the earth ? And he Spake a parable unto certain which 
trusted in themselves that they were righteous, and despised 
others: Two men went up into the temple to pray; the one a 
Pharisee, and the other a publican. The Pharisee stood and 
prayed thus with himself, God, I thank thee, that I am not as 
other men are, extortioners, unjust, adulterers, or even as this 
publican. I fast twice in the week, I give tithes of all I pos- 
sess. And the publican, standing afar off, would not lift up 
so much as his eyes unto heaven, but smote upon his breast, 
saying, God be merciful to me a sinner. I tell you, this man 
went down to his house justified rather than the other: for 
every one that exalteth himself shall be abased; and he that 
humbleth himself shall be exalted. Luke 18: 7 — 14. 

Gideon, with the three hundred men whom God had cho- 
sen, took each a trumpet, an empty pitcher, and a lamp in 
the pitcher, and go in the middle watch to the camp of the 
Midianites, and they blew the trurpets and brake the pitch- 
ers, and cried, The sword of the Lord and of Gideon, where- 
upon God struck terror into the hearts of the host of Midian, 
and they fled in terror and dismay. This symbolizes the 
terror and panic of sinners at the preaching of the Gospel by 
the ministers of Christ. 

Symbols. So Gideon, and the hundred men that were 
with him, came unto the outside of the camp in the beginning 
of the middle watch; and they had but newly set the watch: 
and they blew the trumpets, and brake the pitchers that were 
in their hands. And the three companies blew the trumpets, 
and brake the pitchers, and held the lamps in their left hands, 
and the trumpets in their right hands to blow withal: and 
they cried, The sword of the Lord, and of Gideon. And they 
stood every man in his place round about the camp; and all 
the host ran, and cried, and fled. And the three hundred 
blew the trumpets, and the Lord set every man's sword 
against his fellow, even throughout all the host: and the host 



GIDEON A TYPE OF CHRIST. 237 

fled to Beth-shittah in Zererath, and to the border of Abel- 
meholah, unto Fabbath. And the men of Israel gathered 
themselves together out of Naphtali, and out of Asher, and 
out of Manasseh, and pursued after the Midianites. And 
Gideon sent messengers throughout all mount Ephraim, say- 
ing, Come down against the Midianites, and take before them 
the waters unto Beth-barah and Jordan. Then all the men 
of Ephraim gathered themselves together, and took the waters 
unto Beth-barah and Jordan. And they took the two princes 
of the Midianites, Oreb and Zeeb, and Zeeb they slew at the 
wine-press of Zeeb, and pursued Midian, and brought the 
heads of Oreb and Zeeb to Gideon on the other side Jordan. 
Judges 7: 19—25. 

Substantive. He said therefore, A certain nobleman went 
into a far country to receive for himself a kingdom, and to 
return. And he called his ten servants, and delivered them 
ten pounds, and said unto them, Occupy till I come. But his 
citizens hated him, and sent a message after him, saying, We 
will not have this man to reign over us. And it came to pass, 
that when he was returned, having received the kingdom, 
then he commanded these servants to be called unto him, to 
whom he had given the money, that he might know how much 
every man had gained by trading. Then came the first, say- 
ing, Lord, thy pound hath gained ten pounds. And he said 
unto him, Well, thou good servant: because thou hast been 
faithful in a very little, have thou authority over ten cities. 
And the second came, saying, Lord, thy pound hath gained 
five pounds. And he said likewise to him. Be thou also over 
five cities. And another came, saying, Lord, behold here is 
thy pound, which 1 have kept laid up in a napkin. For I 
feared thee, because thou art an austere man: thou takest up 
that thou layedst not down, and reapest that thou didst not 
sow. And he said unto him, Out of thine own mouth will I 
judge thee, thou wicked servant, Thou knewest that I was an 
austere man, taking up that I laid not down, and reaping that 
I did not sow: Wherefore then gavest not thou my money 
into the bank, that at my coming I might have required mine 
own with usury. And he said to them that stood by, Take 



238 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

from hini the pound, and give it to him that hath ten pounds. 
(And they said unto him, Lord, he hath ten pounds.) For I 
Say unto you, That unto every one which hath, shall be given; 
and from him that hath not, even that he hath shall be taken 
away from him. But those mine enemies, which would not 
that I should reign over them, bring hither and slay them 
before me. Luke 19; 12—27. 

Gideon in pursuing the enemies of Israel came to Penuel, 
and Succoth, faint and exhausted from fatigue in the pursuit, 
he requests loaves of bread from the people of those cities for 
himself and his army ; the rulers refusing to give any thing, 
but rather upbraiding him as presumptuous, he threatens to 
chastise them on his return ; so after taking Zebah and Zal- 
munna the two kings of the Midianites, he returns triumph- 
antly, and executes upon the elders and governors of those 
cities the threats he had made them. This symbolizes the 
judgments of God upon the enemies of his people, or those 
who fail in time of need to minister to the necessities of his 
disciples. 

Symbols. Now Zebah and Zalmunna were in Karkor, 
and their hosts with them, 'about fifteen thousand men, all 
that were left of all the hosts of the children of the east: for 
there fell an hundred and twenty thousand men that drew 
sword. And Gideon went up by the way of them that dwelt 
in tents on the east side of Nobah and Jogbehah, and smote 
the host: for the host was secure. And when Zebah and Zal- 
munna fled, he pursued after them, and took the two kings of 
Midian, Zebah and Zalmunna, and discomfited all the host. — 
And Gidon the son of Joash returned from battle before the 
sun was up. And caught a young man of Succoth, and in- 
quired of him: and he described unto him the princes of Suc- 
coth, and the elders thereof, even threescore and seventeen 
men. And he came unto the men of Succoth, and said, Be- 
hold Zebah and Zalmunna, with whom ye did upbraid me, 
saying, Arc the hands of Zebah and Zalmunna now in thine 
hand, that we should give bread unto thy men that are wea- 
ry ? And he took the elders of the city, and thorns of the 
wilderness, and briers, and with them he taught the men of 



GIDEON A TYPE OF CHRIST. 239 

Succoth. And he beat down the tower of Penuel, and slew 
the men of the city. Then said he unto Zebah and Zalmun- 
na, What manner of men were they whom ye slew at Tabor ? 
And they answered, As thou art, so were they ; each one 
resembled the children of a king. And he said, They were 
my brethren, even sons of my mother: as the Lord liveth, if 
ye had saved them alive, I would not slay you. And he said 
unto Jether his first-born, Up, and slay them. But the youth 
drew not his sword: for he feared, because he was yet a youth. 
Then Zebah and Zalmunna said, Rise thou, and fall upon us: 
for as the man is, so is his strength. And Gideon arose, and 
slew Zebah and Zalmunna, and took away the ornaments that 
were on their camels 7 necks. Then the men of Israel said 
unto Gideon, Rule over us, both thou, and thy son, and thy 
son's son also: for thou hast delivered us from the hand of 
Midian. And Gideon said unto them, I will not rule over 
you, neither shall my son rule over you: the Lord shall rule 
over you. Judges 8: 10 — 23. 

Substantive. For since by man came death, by man came 
also the resurrection of the dead. For as in Adam all die, 
even so in Christ shall all be made alive. But every man in 
his own order: Christ the first fruits ; afterward they that 
are Christ's at his coming. Then cometh the end, when he 
shall have delivered up the kingdom to God, even the Father; 
when he shall have put down all rule, and all authority, and 
power. For he must reign, till he hath put all enemies under 
his feet. The last enemy that shall be destoyed is death. — 
For he hath put all things under his feet. But when he Saith 
all things are put under him, it is manifest that he is excepted 
which did put all things under him. And when all things 
shall be subdued unto him, then shall the Son also himself be 
subject unto him that did put all things under him, that God 
may be all in all. 1 Cor. 15: 21—28. 

After the victory, Israel requests Gideon to rule over them, 
but he refuses, and requests that they would give him all the 
ear-rings of gold which they had taken from the Ishmaelites, 
together with the other articles of beauty and value which 
they had taken from the enemy ; they cheerfully consented 



240 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

to this, and Gideon caused them to be manufactured into ar- 
ticles symbolical of his dignity and official character. This 
symbolizes the regal character of Christ as sitting upon the 
the great white throne clothed in beauty and majesty. 

Symbols. And Gideon said unto them, I would desire a 
request of you, that you would give me every man the ear- 
rings of his prey. (For they had golden ear-rings, because 
they were Ishmaelites.) And they answered, We will wil- 
lingly give them. And they spread a garment, and did cast 
therein every man the ear-rings of his prey. And the weight 
of the golden ear-rings that he requested, was a thousand and 
seven hundred shekels of gold ; besides ornaments, and col- 
lars, and purple raiment that was on the kings of Midian, and 
besides the chains that were about their camels' necks. And 
Gideon made an ephod thereof, and put it in his city, even 
in Ophrah: and all Israel went thither a whoring after it: 
which thing became a snare unto Gideon, and to his house. 
Thus was Midian subdued before the children of Israel, so 
that they lifted up their heads no more. And the country 
was in quietness forty years in the days of Gideon. And Je- 
rubbabaal the son of Joash went and dwelt in his own house. 
And Gideon had three score and ten sons of his body begot- 
ten: for he had many wives. And his concubine that was in 
Shechem, she also bare him a son, whose name he called 
Abimelech. And Gideon the son of Joash died in a good old 
age, and was buried in the sepulchre of Joash his father, in 
Ophrah of the Abi-ezrites. Judges 8: 24 — 32. 

Substantive. I, John, who also am your brother, and com- 
panion in tribulation, and in the kingdom and patience of 
Jesus Christ, was in the isle that is called Patmus, for the 
Word of God, and for the testimony of Jesus Christ. I was 
in the Spirit on the Lord's day, and heard behind me a great 
voice, as of a trumpet. Saying, I am Alpha and Omega, the 
first and the last: and What thou seest, write in a book, 
and send it unto the seven churches which are in Asia ; unto 
Ephesus, and unto Smyrna, r and unto Pergamos, and unto 
Thyatira, and unto Sardis, and unto Philadelphia, and unto 
Laodicea. And I turned to see the voice that Spake with 



GIDEON A TYPE OF CHRIST. 241 

me, And being turned, I saw seven golden candlesticks ; 
And in the midst of the seven candlesticks one like unto the 
Son of man, clothed with a garment down to the foot, and 
girt about the paps with a golden girdle. His head and his 
hairs were white like wool, as white as snow ; *ind his eyes 
were as as a flame of fire ; And his feet like unto fine brass, 
as if they burned in a furnace ; and his voice as the sound of 
many waters. And he had in his hand seven stars: and out 
of his mouth went a sharp two-edged sword: and his counte- 
nance was as the sun shineth in his strength. And when I saw 
him, I fell at his feet as dead. And he laid his right hand 
upon me, saying unto me, Fear not; I am the first and the 
last: I am he that liveth, and was dead; and behold I am 
alive for evermore, Amen; and have the keys of Ae//and of death. 
Write the things which thou hast seen, and the things which 
are, and the things which shall be hereafter; The mystery of 
the seven stars which thou sawest in my right hand, and the 
seven golden candlesticks. The seven stars are the angels 
of the seven churches: and the seven candlesticks which thou 
sawest are the seven churches. Rev. 1 : 9 — 20. 

We here dismiss Gideon as a type of Christ, with a few re- 
marks on his life and character. 

Gideon, the son of Joash, of the tribe of Manasseh, before 
his call to judge Israel, was an husbandman, and when the 
angel who appeared unto him to reveal the purpose of the 
Father, and endow him with this high commission made his 
appearance, Gideon was employed in the service of his father, 
threshing wheat by the wine-press in Ophrah. Raised as he 
was in the business of husbandry, he acquired from his occu- 
pation, habits of industry and sobriety which corresponded 
with the weight of care and prudential habits necessary to 
the high and important obligations and great responsibilities 
of ruler and commander in Israel. Like Cincinatus, who was 
taken from the plow to the Administration of the Roman 
government, he seemed at first to shrink from the high and 
responsible position, but being encouraged and assured of the 
Lord's presence and designs concerning him, and the Spirit 
of the Lord coming upon him to qualify him for his station, 
16 



242 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

he meekly yielded to the call and prepares for the solemn 
task. When he was clothed with this authority, Israel was 
reduced to the lowest degree of bondage and degradation, 
under the galling yoke of a heathen nation, they lived in 
fear of death and uncertainty of bread. Idols had been sub- 
stituted for the worship of the true God, and hence the Lord 
had departed from them, and the Midianites were their task- 
masters and despotic rulers. From this low and humiliating 
condition, Gideon, as mediator between the Father aud Isra- 
el, raised them from bondage to independence, and from hu- 
miliation to triumphant Theocracy. 

Perhaps there are not in the annals of history, more clear 
manifestations of the miraculous interpositions of Divine Pro- 
vidence on the behalf of the oppressed than in some of the 
events of Gideon's Administration, nor more clear and forci- 
ble symbols of the economy of human Redemption. His 
attack upon the Midianitish camp at the hour of midnight-, 
the instruments by which this attack was made, and the vic- 
tory and triumph which attended it, all go to prove the mi- 
raculous character of the stratagem, and the presence of the 
divine hand in the execution. The blowing of the trumpets 
on this occasion symbolized the preaching of the gospel in 
after ages of the church; the lamps in the pitchers, were em- 
blematical of the Spirit of the Father, in earthen vessels, and 
the breaking of the earthen pitchers, typified the break- 
ing of the human body of Christ, through the merit of which 
the Spirit was communicated to the world and shines in 
darkness, and illuminates the darkness of the soul to the 
comprehension and appreciation of the character of God, and 
the plan of recovering grace and victorious spiritual warfare. 

His moral character is only equaled by the brilliancy of 
his warfare, and the patriotism of his nature by the piety of 
his soul. Thus lived, and thus died Gideon, the seventh 
Judge of Israel. And if we except the " Father of his Coun- 
try/ 7 a similar case of disinterested patriotism will be hard 
to be found. 

" And Gideon the son of Joash, died, in a good old age, and 
was buried in the sepulchre of Joash his father, in Ophrah, 
of the Abi-ezrites." 



SAMSON A TYPE OF CHRIST. 243 



CHAPTER VI. 

SAMSON A TYPE OF CHRIST. 

The Israelites having again apostatized from God and re- 
lapsed into idolatry, are delivered into the hand of the Phi- 
listines forty years. Under the galling yoke and severe 
bondage to the Philistines, Israel cries to the Lord for deliv- 
erance, whereupon God raises up Samson the son of Manoah, 
and tribe of Dan, to be their deliverer. The circumstances 
preceeding and accompanying Samson's birth and raising, 
emblematical of those attending the circumstances of the birth 
and pupilage of the Son of Mary. 

Emblems. And the children of Israel did evil again in 
the sight of the Lord ; and the Lord delivered them into the 
hands of the Philistines forty years. And there was a certain 
man of Zorah, of the family of the Danites, whose name was 
Manoah ; and his wife was barren, and bare not. And the 
angel of the Lord appeared unto the woman, and said unto her, 
Behold, now, thou art barren, and bearest not: but thou shalt 
conceive, and bear a son. Now therefore beware, I pray 
thee, and drink not wine, nor strong drink, and eat not any 
unclean thing. For lo, thou shalt conceive, and bear a son ; 
and no razor shall come on his head: for the child shall be a 
Nazarite unto God from the womb: and he shall begin to 
deliver Israel out of the hand of the Philistines. Then the 
woman came and told her husband, saying, A man of God 
came unto me, and his countenance was like the countenance 
of an angel of God, very terrible: but I asked him not whence 
he was, neither told he me his name: But he said unto me, 
Behold, thou shalt conceive, and bear a son; and now drink 
no wine nor strong drink, neither eat any unclean thing: for 
the child shall be a Nazarite to God from the womb to the 
day of his death. Then Manoah entreated the Lord, and 
said, my Lord, let the man of God which thou didst send 
come again unto us, and teach us what we shall do unto the 
child that shall be born. And God hearkened to the voice 



244 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

of Manoah ; and the angel of God came again unto the wo- 
man as she sat in the field: but Manoah her husband was not 
with her. And the woman made haste, and ran and shewed 
her husband, and said unto him, Behold, the man hath ap- 
peared unto me, that came unto me the other day. And Ma- 
noah arose, and went after his wife, and came to the man, 
and said unto him, Art thou the man that spakest unto the 
woman? And he said, I am. And Manoah said, Now let 
thy words come to pass. How shall we order the child, and 
how shall we do unto him ? And the angel of the Lord said 
unto Manoah, Of all I said unto the woman, let her beware. 
She may not eat of any thing that cometh of the vine, neither 
let her drink wine or strong drink, nor eat any unclean thing: 
all that I commanded her let her observe. Judges 13: 1 — 14. 
In the above transactions of God through the angel, to 
Manoah and his wife, and their child Samson, and his call and 
commission, we discover as in every ease where a mediator is 
constituted, a two-fold Trinity. 1. The Spiritual Trinity, in 
Creation, and Legislation. In this case we discover it in 
the following words : And the angel of the Lord, appeared 
unto the woman, and Said unto her: Here are the Father, his 
Word, and the Spirit, through which the Word always comes. 
2. The Power of the Spirit created Samson, in the barren 
womb of Manoah's wife. As Job says, " The Spirit of God 
hath made me ; and the Breath of the Almighty hath given 
me life.' 7 Job 33: 4. Samson is thus created for the express 
purpose of delivering Israel from the bondage of the Philis- 
tines ; and is thus an expressive type of Christ, who delivers 
spiritual Israel, from the bondage of sin. 

The Compound, Executive, Typical Trinity, in Redemp- 
tion, then, in this case, stands thus : The Father, Samson and 
the Holy Ghost. Thus this Trinity operates, during the Ad- 
ministration of Samson. 

The second section of this brace, of which the above emblems 
are the first, is the following : 

Substantive. And in the sixth month the angel Gabriel 
was sent from God unto a city of Galilee, named Nazareth, 
To a virgin espoused to a man whose name was Joseph, of 



SAMSON A TYPE OF CHRIST. 245 

the house of David ; and the virgin's name was Mary. And 
the angel came in unto her, and said, Hail, thou that art 
highly favored, the Lord is with thee: blessed art thou among 
women. And when she saw him she was troubled at his say- 
ing, and cast in her mind what manner of salutation this 
should be. And the angel said unto her, Fear not, Mary: for 
thou hast found favor with God. And behold, thou shalt 
conceivein thy womb, and bring forth a son, and shalt call his 
name JESUS. He shall be great, and shall be called the 
Son of the Highest ; and the Lord God shall give unto him 
the throne of his father David. And he shall reign over the 
house of Jacob for ever ; and of his kingdom there shall be 
no end. Then said Mary uuto the angel, How shall this be, 
seeing I know not a man ? And the angel answered and said 
unto her, The Holy Ghost shall come upon thee, and the 
power of the Highest shall overshadow thee: therefore also 
that holy thing which shall be born of thee, shall be called 
the Son "of God. Luke 1: 26—35. 

Manoah transported at the good news of the angel, propo- 
ses to show his gratitude by the feast of a kid, but the angel 
refuses to eat of the kid, and orders Manoah to offer it as a 
sacrifice to the Lord, as a ratification of the Covenant now 
made. This is typical of the Covenant between the Father 
and the Son, and the ratification of the same, by the sacrifice 
of the Son. 

Symbols. And Manoah said unto the angel of the Lord, I 
pray thee, let us detain thee, until we shall have made ready 
a kid for thee. And the angel of the Lord said unto Mano- 
ah, Though thou detain me, I will not eat of thy bread: and 
if thou wilt offer a burnt-offering, thou must offer it unto the 
Lord. For Manoah knew not that he was an angel of the 
Lord. And Manoah said unto the angel of the Lord, What 
is thy name, that when thy sayings come to pass, we may do 
thee honor ? And the angel of the Lord said unto him, Why 
askest thou thus after my name, seeing it is a secret ? So 
Manoah took a kid, with a meat-offering, and offered it upon 
a rock unto the Lord ; and the angel did wondrously, and 
Manoah and his wife looked on. For it came to pass, when 



246 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

the flame went up toward heaven from off the altar, that the 
angel of the Lord ascended in the flame of the altar, and Mano- 
ah and his wife looked on it, and fell on their faces to the 
ground. But the angel of the Lord did no more appear to 
Manoah and to his wife. Then Manoah knew that he was 
an angel of the Lord. And Manoah said unto his wife, We 
shall surely die, because we have seen God. But his wife 
said unto him, If the Lord were pleased to kill us, he would 
not have received a burnt-offering and a meat-offering at our 
hands, neither would he have shewed us all these things, nor 
would as at this time have told us such things as these. — 
Judges 13: 15—23. 

Substantive. But Christ being come an high priest of 
good things to come, by a greater and more perfect Taberna- 
cle, not made with hands, that is to say, not of this building; 
Neither by the blood of goats and calves, but by his own blood, 
he entered in once into the holy place, having obtained eter- 
nal redemption for us. For if the blood of bulls and of goats, 
and the ashes of an heifer sprinkling the unclean, sanctifieth 
to the purifying of the flesh: How much more shall the blood 
of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered himself 
without spot to God, purge your conscience from dead works 
to serve the living God? And for this cause he is the Medi- 
ator of the New Testament, that by means of death, for the 
redemption of the transgressions that were under the first 
testament, they which are called might receive the promise 
of eternal inheritance. For where a testament is, there must 
also of necessity be the death of the testator. For a testament 
is of force after men are dead: otherwise it is of no strength 
at all while the testator liveth. Whereupon neither the first 
testament was dedicated without blood. Heb. 9: 11 — 18. 

Samson being born, the fostering hand of the Lord nour- 
ished and supported him, and he grew, and the Spirit of the 
Lord began to move him in the camp of Dan, and the Lord 
blessed him. This is typical of Christ's growing in wisdom 
and stature, and in favor with God and man. 

Type. And the woman bare a son, and called his name 
Samson. And the child grew, and the Lord blessed him. — 



SAMSON A TYPE OF CHRIST. 247 

And the Spirit of the Lord began to move him at times in 
the camp of Dan, between Zorah and Eshtaol. Judges 13: 
24—25. 

Antitype. And all that heard him were astonished at his 
understanding and answers. And when they saw him, tbey 
were amazed: and his mother said unto him, Son, why hast 
thou thus dealt with us ? behold, thy father and I have sought 
thee sorrowing. And he Said unto them, How is it that ye 
sought me? wist ye not that I must be about my Father's 
business ? And they understood not the saying which he 
Spake unto them. And he went down with them, and came 
to Nazareth, and was subject unto them: but his mother kept 
all these sayings in her heart. And Jesus increased in wisdom 
and stature, and in favor with God and man. Luke 2: 47 — 52. 

Samson, by violating the law concerning marriages, brings 
a series of the most severe trials and conflicts upon himself, 
but God through his wisdom and power makes it the means 
of the deliverance of Israel out of the hand of the Philistines; 
while this act of Samson's stands a monument of the immuta- 
bility of God's law, and the justice of his moral government 
in the punishment of the guilty, it at the same time shows his 
overruling Providence in turning the wrath of man to his 
praise, and their wickedness to the accomplishment of his 
grand purposes of Redemption. This case of Samson's being- 
betrayed by his wife, is typical of the betrayal of Christ by 
one of his disciples, who are in the aggregate the Lamb's wife. 

Symbols. And Samson went down to Timnath, and saw 
a woman in Timnath of the daugthers of the Philistines. And 
he came up, and told his father and his mother, and said, I 
have seen a woman in Timnath of the daughters of the Philis- 
tines: now therefore get her for me to wife. Then his father 
and his mother said unto him, Is there never a woman among 
the daughters of thy brethren, or among all my people, that 
thou goest to take a wife of the uncircumcised Philistines ? 
And Samson said unto his father, Get her for me ; for she 
pleaseth me well. But his father and his mother knew not 
that it was of the Lord, that he sought an occasion against 
the Philistines: for at that time the Philistines had dominion 



248 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

over Israel. Then went Samson down, and his father and 
his mother, to Timnath, and came to the vineyards of Tim- 
nath: and behold, a young lion roared against him. And the 
Spirit of the Lord came mightily upon him, and he rent him 
as he would have rent a kid, and he had nothing in his hand: 
but he told not his father or his mother what he had done. — 
And he went down, and talked with the woman: and she 
pleased Samson well. And after a time he returned to take 
her, and he turned aside to see the carcass of the lion: and 
behold, there was a swarm of bees and honey in the carcass 
of the lion. And he took thereof in his hands, and went on 
eating, and came to his father and mother, and he gave them, 
and they did eat: but he told them not that he had taken the 
honey out of the carcass of the lion. So his father went down 
unto the woman: and Samson made there a feast ; for so 
used the young men to do. And it came to pass, when they 
saw him, that they brought thirty companions to be with him. 
And Samson said unto them, I will now put worth a riddle 
unto you: if ye can certainly declare it me within the seven 
days of the feast, and find it out, then I will give you thirty 
sheets and thirty change of garments: But if ye cannot de- 
clare it me, then shall ye give me thirty sheets and thirty 
change of garments. And they said unto him, Put forth thy 
riddle, that we may hear it. And he said unto them, Out of 
the eater came forth meat, and out of the strong came forth 
sweetness. And they could not in three days expound the 
riddle. And it came to pass on the seventh day, that they 
said unto Samson's wife, Entice thy husband, that he may 
declare unto us the riddle, lest we burn thee and thy father's 
house with fire: have ye called us to take that we have? is 
it not so ? And Samson's wife wept before him and said, 
Thou dost but hate me: thou hast put forth a riddle unto the 
children of my people, and hast not told it me. And he said 
unto her, Behold, I have not told it my father nor my mother, 
and shall I tell it thee? And she wept before him the seven 
days, while their feast lasted: and it came to pass on the se- 
venth day, that he told her, because she lay sore upon him: 
and she told the riddle to the children of her people. And 



SAMPSON A TYPE OP CHRIST. 249 



the men of the city said unto him on the seventh day before 
the sun went down, "What is sweeter than honey ? and what 
is stronger than a lion ? And he said unto them, If ye had 
not ploughed with my heifer, ye had not found out my riddle. 
And the Spirit of the Lord came upon him, and he went 
down to Ashkelon, and slew thirty men of them, and took 
their spoil, and gave change of garments unto them which 
expounded the riddle. And his anger was kindled, and he 
went up to his father's house. But Samson's wife was given 
to his companion, whom he had used as his friend. Judges, 
14th Chapter. 

Substantive. When Jesus had spoken these words, he 
went forth with his disciples over the brook Cedron, where 
was a garden, into the which he entered, and his disciples. 
And Judas also, which betrayed him, knew the place: for Jesus 
oft-times resorted hither with his disciples. Judas then, hav- 
ing received a band of men and officers from the chief priests 
and Pharisees, cometh thither with lanterns, and torches, and 
weapons. Jesus therefore, knowing all things that should 
come upon him, went forth, and Said unto them, Whom seek 
ye? They answered him, Jesus of Nazareth. Jesus Saith 
unto them, I am he. And Judas also, which betrayed him. 
stood with them. As soon then as he had Said unto them, I 
am he, they went backward, and fell to the ground. Then ask- 
ed he them again, Whom seek ye? And they said, Jesus of 
Nazareth. Jesus answered, I have told you that I am he. 
If therefore you seek me, let these go their way: That the 
saying might be fulfilled which he Spake, Of them which thou 
gavest me, have I lost none. Then Simon Peter, having a 
sword, drew it and smote the high priest's servant, and cut off 
his right ear. The servant's name was Malchus. John 18: 
1—10. 

Samson being enraged because of his father-in-law giving 
his wife to his companion, caught a number of foxes, and hav- 
ing fastened fire-brands to their tails, he let them loose in the 
corn and vineyards of the Philistines, and they destroyed both; 
whereupon the Philistines becoming enraged with Samson's 
wife and her father, as the cause of all their losses, burn them 



250 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

both with fire. This symbolizes the victory of Christ over 
his enemies by his Spirit, and their being cast into everlasting 
fire, where their worm dieth not and the fire is not quenched. 

Symbols. And Samson said concerning them, Now shall 
I be more blameless than the Philistines, though I do them 
a displeasure. And Samson went and caught three hundred 
foxes, and took fire-brands, and turned tail to tail, and put a 
fire-brand in the midst between two tails. And when he had 
set the brands on fire, he let them go into the standing corn of 
the Philistines, and burnt up both the shocks, and also the 
standing corn, with the vineyards and olives. Then the Phil- 
istines said, Who hath done this? And they answered, Sam- 
son, the son-in-law of the Timnite, because he had taken his 
wife, and given her to his companion. And the Philistines 
came up, and burnt her and her father with fire. And Sam- 
son said unto them, Though ye have done this, yet will I be 
avenged of you, and after that I will cease. And he smote 
them hip and thigh with a great slaughter. And he went 
down and dwelt in the top of the rock Etam. Judges 15: 
3—8. 

Substantive. And John answered him, saying, Master, 
we saw one casting out devils in thy name, and he followeth 
not us: and we forbade him, because he followeth not us. 
But Jesus Said, Forbid him not: for there is no man which 
shall do a miracle in my name, that can lightly speak evil of 
me. For he that is not against us, is on our part. For who- 
soever shall give you a cup of water to drink in my name, 
because ye belong to Christ, verily I say unto you, he shall 
not lose his reward. And whosoever shall offend one of 
these little ones that believe in me, it is better for him that a 
millstone were hanged about his neck, and he were cast into 
the sea. And if thy hand offend thee, cut it off: it is better 
for thee to enter into life maimed, than having two hands to 
go into hell, into the jire that never shall be quenched: Where 
their worm dieth not, and the fire is not quenched. Mark 
9: 38—44. 

The Philistines, because of the injury done them by Sam- 
son, make war upon Israel, and the tribe of Judah to appease 



SAMSON A TYPE OF CHRIST. 251 

the Philistines and save themselves, bind Samson and deliver 
him up to his enemies; whereupon the Spirit of the Lord came 
mightily upon him, and he breaks the cords with which he 
was bound, and slays a thousand men with the jaw-bone of an 
ass. Becoming sore athirst from exhaustion, he called on the 
Lord for water, and obtains it. This symbolizes the binding 
of our Savior by his brethren, and delivering him to Pontius 
Pilate, the Roman governor, also his thirsting upon the cross, 
and bursting the bonds of death in the resurrection; and thus 
defeating the expectations of his enemies. 

Symbols. Then the Philistines went up, and pitched in 
Judah, and spread themselves in Lehi. And the men of Ju- 
dah said, Why are ye come up against us? And they answer- 
ed, To bind Samson are we come up, to do to him as he hath 
done to us. Then three thousand men of Judah went to the 
top of the rock Etam, and said to Samson, Knowest thou not 
that the Philistines are rulers over us? what is this that thou 
hast done unto us? And he said unto them, As they did unto 
me, so have I done unto them. And they said unto him, We 
are come down to bind thee, that we may deliver thee into 
the hand of the Philistines. And Samson said unto them, 
Swear unto me, that ye will not fall upon me yourselves. — 
And they spake unto him, saying, No: but we will bind thee 
fast, and deliver thee into their hand: but surely we will not 
kill thee. And they bound him with two new cords, and 
brought him up from the rock. And when he came unto 
Lehi, the Philistines shouted against him: and the Spirit of 
the Lord came mightily upon him, and the cords that were 
upon his arms became as flax that was burnt with fire, and 
his bands loosed from off his hands. And he found a new 
jaw-bone of an ass, and put forth his hand, and took it, and 
slew a thousand men therewith. And Samson said, With the 
jaw-bone of an ass, heaps upon heaps, with the jaw of an ass 
have I slain a thousand men. And it came to pass when he 
had made an end of speaking, that he cast away the jaw-bone 
out of his hand, and called that place Ramathlehi. And he 
was sore athirst, and called on the Lord, and said, Thou hast 
given this great deliverance into the hand of thy servant: and 



252 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

now shall I die for thirst, and fall into the hand of the uncir- 
cumcised? But God clave an hollow place that was in the 
jaw, and there came water thereout: and when he had drunk, 
his spirit came again, and he revived. "Wherefore he called 
the name thereof En-hakkore, which is in Lehi unto this day. 
And he judged Israel in the days of the Philistines twenty 
years. Judges 15: 9 — 20. 

Substantive. When the morning was come, all the chief 
priests and elders of the people took counsel against Jesus to 
put him to death. And when they had bound him, they led 
him away and delivered him to Pontius Pilate the governor. 
Then Judas, which had betrayed him, when he saw that he 
was condemned, repented himself, and brought again the thir- 
ty pieces of silver to the chief priests and elders, Saying, I 
have sinned in that I have betrayed the innocent blood. And 
they said, What is that to us? see thou to that. And he cast 
down the pieces of silver in the temple, and departed, and 
went and hanged himself. Matt. 2T: 1 — 5. 

After this, Jesus knowing that all things were now accom- 
plished, that the scripture might be fulfilled, Saith, I thirst. 
Now there was set a vessel full of vinegar: and they filled a 
sponge with vinegar, and put it upon hyssop, and put it to 
his mouth. When Jesus therefore had received the vinegar, 
he Said, It is finished: and he bowed his head, and gave up 
the ghost. John 19: 28—30. 

Now upon the first day of the week, very early in the morn- 
ing, they came unto the sepulchre, bringing the spices which 
they had prepared, and certain others with them. And they 
found the stone rolled away from the sepulchre. And they 
entered in, and found not the body of the Lord Jesus. And 
it came to pass, as they were much perplexed thereabout, be- 
hold, two men stood by them in shining garments. And as 
they were afraid, and bowed down their faces to the earth, 
they said unto them, Why seek ye the living among the dead? 
He is not here, but is risen. Remember how he Spake unto 
you when he was yet in Galilee, Saying, The Son of man 
must be delivered into the hands of sinful men, and be cruci- 
fied, and the third day rise again. And they remembered his 



SAMSON A TYPE OF CHRIST. 253 

words, And returned from the sepulchre, and told all these 
things unto the eleven, and to all the rest. It was Mary 
Magdalene, and Joanna, and Mary the mother of James, and 
other women that were with them, which told these things 
unto the apostles. And their words seemed to them as idle 
tales, and they believed them not. Luke 24: 1 — 11. 

The following is another remarkable case in which God 
permits evil in his disciples, to prove to them through sore 
afflictions his retributive justice in their punishment, and also 
his wisdom and goodness in bringing good out of evil, in the 
accomplishment of his purposes; always holding man respon- 
sible for the violation of his law, but frequently overruling 
the wickedness of man, in turning it against himself, and 
bringing it into subserviency in effecting his designs. 

Samson's taking up with Delilah, was a violation of the law; 
her being a heathen woman and the connection illegal, her 
betrayal of him proves the impossibility of an harmonious 
connection between Christ and Belial, and Samson's punish- 
ment was but the legitimate result of an unholy alliance; 
while the destruction of the Philistines, which was the result 
of this sin, proves the inscrutible wisdom of God in making 
the wrath of man to praise and glorify him. All this history 
of Samson, of Israel, and of the Philistines, taken in connec- 
tion, symbolizes the history of Christ; of his spiritual Israel, 
and his Philistine enemies; so far as the economy of God in 
human redemption is concerned. 

Symbols. And it came to pass afterward, that he loved a 
woman in the valley of Sorek, whose name was Delilah.-^- 
And the lords of the Philistines came up unto her, and said 
unto her, Entice him, and see wherein his great strength lieth, 
and by what means we may prevail against him, that we may 
bind him to afflict him: and we will give thee every one of us 
eleven hundred pieces of silver. And Delilah said to Sam- 
son, Tell me, I pray thee, wherein thy great strength lieth, 
and wherewith thou mightest be bound to afflict thee. And 
Samson said unto her, If they bind me with seven green withs, 
that were never dried, then shall I be weak, and be as anoth- 
er man. Then the lords of the Philistines brought up to her 



254 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

seven green withs which had not been dried, and she bound 
him with them. (Now there were men lying in wait, abiding 
with her in the chamber.) And she said unto him, The Phil- 
istines be upon thee, Samson. And he broke the withs as a 
thread of tow is broken when it toucheth the fire. So his 
strength was not known. And Delilah said unto Samson, 
Behold, thou hast mocked me, and told me lies: now tell me, 
I pray thee, wherewith thou mightest be bound. And he said 
unto her, If they bind me fast with new ropes that never 
were occupied, then shall I be weak, and be as another man. 
Delilah therefore took new ropes, and bound him therewith, 
and said unto him, The Philistines be upon thee, Samson. 
(And there were liers in wait abiding in the chamber.) And 
he broke them from off his arms like a thread. And Delilah 
said unto Samson, Hitherto thou hast mocked me, and told 
me lies: tell me wherewith thou mightest be bound. And he 
said unto her, If thou weavest the seven locks of my head 
with a web. And she fastened it with a pin, and said unto 
him, The Philistines be upon thee, Samson. And he awaked 
out of his sleep, and went away with the pin of the beam, 
and with the web. And she said unto him, How canst thou 
say, I love thee, when thine heart is not with me? Thou hast 
mocked me these three times, and hast not told me wherein 
thy great strength lieth. And it came to pass when she 
pressed him daily with her words, and urged him, so that his 
soul was vexed unto death: That he told her all his heart, 
and said unto her, There hath not come a razor upon mine 
head: for I have been a Nazarite unto God from my mother's 
womb: If I be shaven, then my strength will go from me, and 
I shall become weak, and be like any other man. And when 
Delilah saw that he had told her all his heart, she sent and 
called for the lords of the Philistines, saying, Come up this 
once, for he hath shewn me all his heart. Then the lords of 
the Philistines came up unto her, and brought money in their 
hand. And she made him sleep upon her knees: and she call- 
ed for a man, and she caused him to shave off the seven locks 
of his head: and she began to afflict him, and his strength 
went from him. And she said, The Philistines be upon thee, 



SAMSON A TYPE OP CHRIST. 255 

Samson. And he awoke out of his sleep, and said, I will go 
out as at other times before, and shake myself. And he wist 
not that the Lord was departed from him. But the Philis- 
tines took him, and put out his eyes, and brought him down 
to Gaza, and bound him with fetters of brass; and he did 
grind in the prison-house. Howbeit the hair of his head be- 
gan to grow again after he was shaven. Then the lords of 
the Philistines gathered them together, for to offer a great 
sacrifice unto Dagon their god, and to rejoice: for they said, 
Our god hath delivered Samson our enemy into our hand. 
And when the people saw him, they praised their god: for 
they said, Our god hath delivered into our hands our enemy, 
and the destroyer of our country: which slew many of us. 
And it came to pass, when their hearts were merry, that they 
said, Call for Samson that he may make us sport. And they 
called for Samson out of the prison-house: and he made them 
sport: and they set him between the pillars. And Samson 
said unto the lad that held him by the hand, Suffer me that 
I may feel the pillars whereupon the house standeth, that I 
may lean upon them. Now the house was full of men and 
women: and all the lords of the Philistines were there: and 
there were upon the roof about three thousand men and wo- 
men, that beheld while Samson made sport. And Samson 
called unto the Lord, and said, Lord God, remember me, 
I pray thee, and strengthen me, I pray thee, only this once, 
God, that I may be at once avenged of the Philistines for 
my two eyes. And Samson took hold of the two middle pil- 
lars upon which the house stood, and on which it was borne 
up, of the one with his right hand, and of the other with his 
left. And Samson said, Let me die with the Philistines. 
And he bowed himself with all his might: and the house fell 
upon the lords, and upon all the people that were therein. 
So the dead which he slew at his death were more than they 
which he slew in his life. Then his brethren and all the 
house of his father came down, and took him, and brought 
him up, and buried him between Zorah and Eshtaol in the 
burying-place of Manoah his father. And he judged Israel 
twenty years. Judges 16: 4 — 31. 



256 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

Substantive. And while he yet Spake, lo, Judas, one of 
the twelve, came, and with him a great multitude with swords 
and staves, from the chief priests and elders of the people. 
Now he that betrayed him, gave them a sign, saying, Whom- 
soever I shall kiss, that same is he: hold him fast. And forth- 
with he came to Jesus, and said, Hail, Master; and kissed 
him. And Jesus Said unto him, Friend, wherefore art thou 
come? Then came they, and laid hands on Jesus, and took him. 
And behold, one of them which were with Jesus, stretched 
out his hand, and drew his sword, and struck a servant of 
the high priest, and smote off his ear. Then Said Jesus unto 
him, Put up again thy sword into its place: for all they that 
take the sword, shall perish with the sword. Thinkest thou 
that I canaot now pray to my Father, and he shall presently 
give me more than twelve legions of angels? But how then 
shall the scriptures be fulfilled, that thus it must be? In that 
same hour Said Jesus to the multitudes, Are ye come out as 
against a thief with swords and staves for to take me? I sat 
daily with you teaching in the temple, and ye laid no hold on 
me. But all this was done, that the scriptures of the proph- 
ets might be fulfilled. Then all the disciples forsook him, and 
fled. And they that had laid hold on Jesus, led him away to 
Caiaphas the high priest, where the scribes and the elders 
were assembled. Matt. 26: 47 — 57. Then Judas which had 
betrayed him, when he saw that he was condemned, repented 
himself, and brought again the thirty pieces of silver to the 
chief priests and elders, Saying, I have sinned in that I have 
betrayed the innocent blood. And they said, What is that 
to us? see thou to that. And he cast down the pieces of sil- 
ver in the temple, and departed, and went and hanged him- 
self. And the chief priests took the silver pieces, and said, It 
is not lawful for to put them into the treasury, because it is 
the price of blood. And they took counsel, and bought with 
them the potter's field, to bury strangers in. Wherefore that 
field was called, The field of blood, unto this day. Then was 
fulfilled that which was spoken by Jeremy the prophet, say- 
ing, And they took the thirty pieces of silver, the price of him 
that was valued, whom they of the children of Israel did 



8AMS0N A TYPE OF CHRIST. 257 

value: And gave them for the potter's field, as the Lord ap- 
pointed me. Matt. 27: 3—10. i 

Jesus, when he had cried again with a loud voice, yielded 
up the ghost. And behold, the vail of the temple was rent in 
twain from the top to the bottom: and the earth did quake, 
and the rocks rent: And the graves were opened, and many 
bodies of the saints which slept, arose, And came out of the 
graves after his resurrection, and went into the holy city, and 
appeared unto many. Now when the centurion, and they 
that were with him, watching Jesus, saw the earth-quake, and 
those things that were done, they feared greatly, saying, Tru- 
ly, this was the Son of God. And many women were there 
(beholding afar off) which followed Jesus from Galilee, min- 
istering unto him: Among which was Mary Magdalene, and 
Mary the mother of James and Joses, and the mother of Zeb- 
edee's children. When the even was come, there came a rich 
man of Arimathea, named Joseph, who also himself was Je- 
sus' disciple: He went to Pilate, and begged the body of Jesus. 
Then Pilate commanded the body to be delivered. And when 
Joseph had taken the body, he wrapped it in a clean linen 
cloth, And laid it in his own new tomb, which he had hewn 
out in the rock: and he rolled a great stone to the door of 
the sepulchre, and departed. And there was Mary Magda- 
lene, and the other Mary, sitting over against the sepulchre. 
Matt. 27: 50—61. 

We here dismiss Samson as Judge of Israel. He was, in 
some respects, a very extraordinary man. He was son of 
Manoah, and tribe of Dan. He was born 1161 years before 
the christian era, and judged Israel twenty years, and died 
1120 years before Christ, at the age of forty-one years. He 
does not appear to have been a man of much morality or pie- 
ty, but one of those instruments in the hand of the Father 
which he often uses to chastise the enemies of his people, 
without, seemingly, much regard to the moral character of 
the Agent. In some of the circumstances of his conception, 
birth, life, and offices, he clearly tipifies Christ as the Savior 
of spiritual Israel, as has been clearly shown in the preceding 
chapter, in the numerous collations given of his history with 
17 



258 EXPOSITION OP THE TRINITIES. 

that of his great Antitype: to which the circumstance of his 
extraordinary strength might be added as symbolizing the 
Strength of Israel. 

As we have already remarked in the collations, his history 
is fraught with much valuable instruction for the Church and 
the world, as containing demonstrative evidence of the wis- 
dom and power of God, in so combining sovereignty of pow- 
er and purpose with the free agency of man, as to permit evil 
in the creature in order to accomplish his grand designs in 
the government of the world, and the salvation of man, and 
has been denominated the wisdom and power of God in bring- 
ing good out of evil. It was certainly so in some acts in the 
history of Samson ; as it is also in the history of Judas. 

After a life of much toil and hardship with the Philistines, 
the natural foes of Israel, during which time he slew many of 
them in an almost miraculous manner, he came to his death 
by pulling down the temple of Dagon upon himself, and his 
enemies and tormenters; and thus typifying Christ, in his 
death, he destroyed more of his enemies in that act, than all 
of his life before. 

'And Samson said, Let me die with the Philistines. And 
he bowed himself with all his might; and the house fell upon 
the lords of the Philistines, and upon all the people that were 
therein. So the dead which he slew at his death, were more 
than they which he slew in his life.' 



CHAPTER TIL 

ELI A TYPE OP CHRIST. 



Hannah, the wife of Elkanah, being barren, prayeth in the 
Tabernacle, for a child, and voweth, in the event of her pray- 
er being granted, to dedicate the child to the Lord. Eli the 



ELI A TYPE OP CHRIST. 259 

priest perceiving her, first rebuked her as being drunk, but 
ascertaining the nature of the case, blesseth Hannah in the 
name of the Lord and promiseth that her petition should be 
granted. In faith of this promise, Hannah became cheerful, 
conceived, and bore a son, whom she called Samuel. These 
circumstances symbolized the conception and birth of Christ, 
of whom Samuel was an expressive type. 

Symbols. So Hannah rose up after they had eaten in Shi- 
loh, and after they had drunk; (now Eli the priest sat upon 
a seat by a post of the temple of the Lord:) And she was in 
bitterness of soul, and prayed unto the Lord, and wept sore. 
And she vowed a vow, and said, Lord of hosts, if thou wilt 
indeed look on the affliction of thine handmaid, and remem- 
ber me, and not forget thine handmaid, but wilt give unto 
thine handmaid a man child, then I will give him unto the 
Lord all the days of his life, and there shall no razor come 
upon his head. And it came to pass, as she continued pray- 
ing before the Lord, that Eli marked her mouth. Now Han- 
nah, she spake in her heart: only her lips moved, but her 
voice was not heard: therefore Eli thought she had been 
drunken. And Eli said unto her, How long wilt thou be 
drunken? put away thy wine from thee. And Hannah an- 
swered and said, No, my lord, I am a woman of a sorrowful 
spirit: I have drunk neither wine nor strong drink, but have 
poured out my soul before the Lord. Count not thine hand- 
maid for a daughter of Belial: for out of the abundance of 
my complaint and grief have I spoken hitherto. Then Eli 
answered and said, Go in peace: and the God of Israel grant 
thee thy petition that thou hast asked of him. And she said, 
Let thine handmaid find grace in thy sight. So the woman 
went her way, and did eat, and her countenance was no more 
sad. 1 Sam. 1: 9—18. 

Substantive. And blessed is she thatbelieveth: for there 
shall be a performance of those things which were told her 
from the Lord. And Mary said, My soul doth magnify the 
Lord, And my spirit hath rejoiced in God my Savior. For 
he hath regarded the low estate of his handmaiden: for be- 
hold, from henceforth all generations shall call me blessed. 



260 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

For he that is mighty hath done to me great things: and holy 
is his name. And his mercy is on them that fear him, from 
generation to generation. He hath shewed strength with his 
arm: he hath scattered the proud in the imagination of their 
hearts. He hath put down the mighty from their seats, and 
exalted them of low degree. He hath filled the hungry with 
good things, and the rich he hath sent empty away. He hath 
holpen his servant Israel, in remembrance of his mercy: As 
he Spake to our fathers, to Abraham, and to his seed, for ever. 
Luke 1: 45—55. 

According to the time of life after the promise made to 
Hannah, she was delivered of a son, and after he was wean- 
ed, she brings him to Shiloh, and offers him with sacrifices, to 
the service of the Lord forever, according to her promise be- 
fore his conception. This is typical of Christ's circumcision 
and presentation in the Temple by his parents. 

Symbols. Wherefore it came to pass, when the time was 
come about after Hannah had conceived, that she bare a son, 
and called his name Samuel, saying, Because I asked him of 
the Lord. And the man Elkanah, and all his house, went up 
to offer unto the Lord the yearly sacrifice, and his vow. But 
Hannah went not up: for she said unto her husband, I will 
not go up until the child be weaned, and then I will bring 
him, that he may appear before the Lord, and there abide for 
ever. And Elkanah her husband said unto her, Do what 
seemeth thee good; tarry until thou have weaned him; only 
the Lord establish his Word. So the woman abode, and gave 
her sou suck until she weaned him. And when she had wean- 
ed him, she took him up with her, with three bullocks, and 
one ephah of flour, and a bottle of wine, and brought him 
unto the house of the Lord in Shiloh: and the child was 
young. And they slew a bullock, and brought the child to 
Fli. And she said, my lord, as my soul liveth, my lord, I 
am the woman that stood by thee here, praying unto the Lord. 
For this child I prayed: and the Lord hath given me my pe- 
tition which I asked of him: Therefore also I have lent him 
to the Lord: as long as he liveth he shall be lent to the Lord. 
And he worshipped the Lord there. 1 Sam. 1: 20 — 28. 



ELI A TYPE OP CHRIST. 261 



Substantive. But Mary kept all these things, and pon- 
dered them in her heart. And the shepherds returned, glo- 
rifying and praising God for all the things that they had 
heard and seen, as it was told unto them. And when eight 
days were accomplished for the circumcising of the child, his 
name was called Jesus, which was so named of the angel be 
fore he was conceived in the womb. And when the days of 
her purification according to the law of Moses were accom- 
plished, they brought him to Jerusalem, to present him to the 
Lord: (As it is written in the law of the Lord, Every male 
that openeth the womb shall be called holy to the Lord:) And 
to offer a sacrifice according to that which is said in the law 
of the Lord, A pair of turtle-doves, or two young pigeons. 
Luke 2: 19—24. 

The sacrifices offered above on the part of Elkanah and 
Hannah, were an acknowledgement of sin, and a ratification 
of the covenant entered into on the part of the Father, on 
the one part, and Elkanah and Hannah on the other part. — 
In the case of our Savior, it was done to fulfill the law, as in 
the case of his baptism; for Said he, 'Thus it becometh us to 
fulfill all righteousness.' 

Samuel is constituted mediator and Judge in Israel as a 
type of Christ. The Father reveals to him his purpose con- 
cerning Eli and his sons, which revelation Samuel makes 
known to Eli. This is a type of Christ's Mediation, and reve- 
lation of his Father's Will to the world. 

Emblems. And the Lord Said to Samuel, Behold, I will 
do a thing in Israel, at which both the ears of every one that 
heareth it shall tingle. In that day I will perform against 
Eli all things which I have spoken, concerning his house: 
when I begin, I will also make an end. For I have told him, 
that I will judge his house forever, for the iniquity which he 
knoweth: because his sons made themselves vile, and lie re- 
strained them not. And therefore I have sworn unto the 
house of Eli, that the iniquity of Eli's house shall not be 
purged with sacrifice nor offering for ever. And Samuel lay 
until the morning, and opened the doors of the house of the 
Lord: and Samuel feared to shew Eli the vision. Then Eli 



262 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

called Samuel, and said, Samuel, my son. And he answered, 
Here am I. And he said, What is the thing that the Lord 
hath said unto thee? I pray thee hide it not from me: God 
do so to thee, and more also, if thou hide any thing from me, 
of all the things that he said unto thee. And Samuel told 
him every whit, and hid nothing from him. And he said, It 
is the Lord: let him do what seemeth him good. And Sam- 
uel grew, and the Lord was with him, and did let none of his 
words fall to the ground. And all Israel, from Dan even to 
Beer-sheba,knew that Samuel was established to be a prophet 
of the Lord. And the Lord appeared again in Shiloh: for 
the Lord revealed himself to Samuel in Shiloh by the Word 
of the Lord. 1 Sam. 3: 11—21. 

In the appointment and inauguration of Samuel to the me- 
diatorial office in Israel, we discover as in all similar cases, a 
two-fold Trinity. First, the Spiritual Trinity in Creation 
and Legislation, in these words: And the Lord Said to Sam- 
uel, Here are the Father who Spake, and the Holy Ghost 
through which he Spake. Then the Trinity stands, as always,. 
The Father, the Word, and the Holy Ghost. This Trinity 
created and constituted Samuel mediator between the Father, 
and Israel: and now Samuel is the middle Person, in the 
Compound, Executive, Typical Trinity in Redemption: and 
the Persons, in this Trinity, stands thus — the Father, Samuel, 
and the Holy Ghost. The Holy Ghost, proceeding from the 
Father, in the Word, to Samuel, and through Samuel to Isra- 
el: and thus the Compound, Executive, Typical Trinity in 
Redemption, operates throughout the Administration of Sam- 
uel, in all the Legislative acts of the Spiritual Trinity. 
The second section of this brace, is the follewing : 
Substantive. Wherefore, when he comethinto the world, 
he Saith, Sacrifice and offering thou wouldest not, but a body 
hast thou prepared me: In burnt-offerings and sacrifices for 
sin thou hast had no pleasure. Then said I, Lo, I come, (in 
the volume of the book it is written of me) to do thy will, 
God. Above, when he said, Sacrifice and offering and burnt- 
offerings and offerings for sin thou wouldest not, neither hadst 
pleasure therein: which are offered by the law: Then said he, 



SAMUEL A TYPE OP CHRIST. 263 



Lo, I come to do thy will, God. He taketh away the first, 
that he may establish the second. By the which will we are 
sanctified through the offering of the body of Jesus Christ 
once for all. And every priest standeth daily ministering 
and offering oftentimes the same sacrifices, which can never 
take away sins: But this man, after he had offered one sacri- 
fice for sins, for ever sat down on the right hand of God: 
From henceforth expecting till his enemies be made his foot- 
stool. For by one offering he hath perfected for ever them 
that are sanctified. Heb. 10: 5 — 14. 

For the satisfaction of those who may think they find in 
the above passage a warrant for the Eternity of the Son of 
God, we will explain. 

It has already been shown, and it is universally acknowl- 
edged, that the Holy Ghost, and the Word, proceeded from the 
Father; hence there must be a priority in the Father, to the 
Holy Ghost, and the Word. It has also been shown, that 
the Father Speaks through the Holy Ghost. 

The Holy Ghost can as truly address the Father through 
the Word, as the Father can Speak through the Holy Ghost 
to the Son, and through the Son to the world. The Son is 
the Executor of the Father's Will; but it is through the Pow- 
er of the Holy Ghost; the Holy Ghost executes the Will of 
the Father in Redemption; but it is through the merit of 
Christ's Atonement. 

God now executes his purpose made known to Eli through 
Samuel, of cutting off his house from the priesthood; because 
his sons acted vile and he restrained them not. This sym- 
bolizes the curses visited upon the Church and the world in 
consequence of a corrupt Ministry. 

Symbols. And there ran a man of Benjamin out of the 
army, and came to Shiloh the same day with his clothes rent, 
and with earth upon his head. And when he came, lo, Eli 
sat upon a seat by the way-side watching: for his heart trem- 
bled for the ark of God. And when the man came unto the 
city and told it all the city cried out. And when Eli heard 
the noise of the crying, he said, What meaneth the noise of 
this tumult? And the man came in hastily, and told Eli. 



264 EXPOSITION OP THE TRINITIES. 

Now Eli was ninety and eight years old: and his eyes were 
dim, that he could not see. And the man said unto Eli, I 
am he that came out of the army, and I fled to-day out of the 
army. And he said, What is there done, my son? And the 
messenger answered and said, Israel is fled before the Philis- 
tines, and there hath been also a great slaughter among the 
people, and thy two sons also, HophniandPhinehas, are dead, 
and the ark of God is taken. And it came to pass, when he 
made mention of the ark of God, that he fell from off the 
seat backward by the side of the gate, and his neck brake, 
and he died: for he was an old man, and heavy. And he had 
judged Israel forty years. And his daughter-in-law, Phine- 
has' wife, was with child near to be delivered: and when she 
heard the things that the ark of God was taken, and that her 
father-in-law and her husband were dead, she bowed herself, 
and travailed: for her pains came upon her. And about the 
time of her death, the women that stood by her said unto her, 
Fear not: for thou hast borne a son. But she answered not, 
neither did she regard it. And the named the child I-chabod, 
saying, The glory is departed from Israel: (because the ark 
of God was taken, and because of her father-in-law and her 
husband.) And she said, The glory is departed from Israel: 
for the ark of God is taken. 1 Sam. 4: 12—22. 

Substantive. And as he sat upon the mount of Olives, 
the disciples came unto him privately, saying, Tell us, when 
shall these things be? and what shall be the sign of thy com- 
ing, and of the end of the world? And Jesus answered and 
Said unto them, Take heed that no man deceive you. For 
many shall come in my name, saying, I am Christ: and shall 
deceive many. And ye shall hear of wars, and rumors of 
wars: see that ye be not troubled: for all these things must 
come to pass, but the end is not yet. For nation shall rise 
against nation, and kingdom against kingdom: and there 
shall be famines, and pestilences, and earthquakes in divers 
places. All these are the beginning of sorrows. Then shall 
they deliver you up to be afflicted, and shall kill you: and ye 
shall be hated of all nations for my name's sake. And then 
shall many be offended, and shall betray one another, and 



SAMUEL A TYPE OF CHRIST. 265 

shall hate one another. And many false prophets shall rise, 
and shall deceive many. And because iniquity shall abound, 
the love of many shall wax cold. But he that shall endure 
unto the end, the same shall be saved. Matt. 24: 3 — 13. 

Israel relapsing into idolatry are given up to bondage un- 
der the Philistines; after twenty years of servitude under 
this galling yoke they repented of their folly and lamented 
after the Lord, and besought Samuel as mediator to pray to 
the Lord for them, and promise to put away their idols. — 
Samuel hearkens to their entreaties, and instructs them how 
to act in reference to their being again received under the 
divine protection, and delivered from their enemies. This 
figurative of the intercession of Christ for his people and 
their emancipation from the bondage of sin and satan. 

Figure. And Samuel spake unto all the house of Israel, 
saying, If ye do return unto the Lord with all your hearts, 
then put away the strange gods, and Ashtaroth, from among 
you, and prepare your hearts unto the Lord, and serve him 
only: and he will deliver you out of the hand of the Philis- 
tines. Then the children of Israel did put away Baalim and 
Ashtaroth, and served the Lord only. And Samuel said, 
Gather all Israel to Mizpeh, and I will pray for you unto the 
Lord. And they gathered together to Mizpeh, and drew wa- 
ter, and poured it out before the Lord, and fasted on that 
day, and said there, We have sinned against the Lord. And 
Samuel judged the children of Israel in Mizpeh. And when 
the Philistines heard that the children of Israel were gather- 
ed together to Mizpeh, the lords of the Philistines went up 
against Israel. And when the children of Israel heard it, 
they were afraid of the Philistines. And the children of Is- 
rael said unto Samuel, Cease not to cry unto the Lord our 
God for us, that he will save us out of the hand of the Phil- 
istines. And Samuel took a sucking lamb, and offered it for 
a burnt-offering wholly unto the Lord: and Samuel cried unto 
the Lord for Israel: and the Lord heard him. And as Sam- 
uel was offering up the burnt-offering, the Philistines drew 
near to battle against Israel: but the Lord thundered with a 
great thunder on that day upon the Philistines, and discom- 



266 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

fited them: and they were smitten before Israel. And the 
men of Israel went out of Mizpeh, and pursued the Philis- 
tines, and smote them, until they came under Beth-car. Then 
Samuel took a stone, and set it between Mispeh and Shen, 
and called the name of it Eben-ezer, saying, Hitherto hath 
the Lord helped us. 1 Sam. 7: 3—12. 

Substantive. And there was a strife among them, which 
of them should be accounted the greatest. And he Said un- 
to them, The kings of the Gentiles exercise lordship over 
them ; and they that exercise authority over them are called 
benefactors. But ye shall not be so: but he that is greatest 
among you, let him be as the younger ; and he that is chief, 
as he that doth serve. For whether is greater, he that sit- 
teth at meat, or he that serveth ? is not he that sitteth at 
meat ? but I am among you as he that serveth. Ye are they 
which have continued with me in my temptations. And I 
appoint unto you a kingdom, as my Father hath appointed 
unto me ; That ye may eat and drink at my table in my king- 
dom, and sit on thrones, judging the twelve tribes of Israel. 
And the Lord Said, Simon, Simon, behold, Satan hath desired 
to have you, that he may sift you as wheat: But I have prayed 
for thee, that thy faith fail not: and when thou art converted, 
strengthen thy brethren. And he said unto him, Lord, I am 
ready to go with thee, both to prison, and to death. And 
he Said, I tell thee, Peter, the cock shall not crow this day, 
before thou shalt thrice deny that thou knowest me. And he 
Said unto them, When I sent you without purse, and scrip, 
and shoes; lacked ye any thing? And they said, Nothing. — 
Then Said he unto them, But now, he that hath a purse, let 
him take it, and likewise his scrip: and he that hath no sword, 
let him sell his garment, and buy one. For I Say unto yon, 
that this that is written must be yet accomplished in me, And 
he was reckoned among the transgressors: for the things con- 
cerning me have an end. Luke 22: 24 — 31. 

The Philistines being completely subdued, Samuel and Is- 
rael live in peace. Samuel had three stations besides his 
home in Ramah, where he went once a year for the conven- 
ience of the people, and heard the cases presented, and passed 



SAMUEL A TYPE OF CHRIST. 267 

judgment upon them ; and he officiated as judge all the days 
of his life. This typifies his Antitype, who was always going 
about teaching the people, and administering consolation to 
the distressed, healing the sick, and cleansing the leprous. 

Symbols. So the Philistines were subdued, and they came 
no more into the coast of Israel: and the hand of the Lord 
was against the Philistines all the days of Samuel. And the 
cities which the Philistines had taken from Israel were re- 
stored to Israel, from Ekron even unto Gath ; and the coasts 
thereof did Israel deliver out of the hands of the Philistines: 
and there was peace between Israel and the Amorites. And 
Samuel judged Israel all the days of his life. And he went 
from year to year in circuit to Beth-el, and Gilgal, and Miz- 
peh, and judged Israel in all those places. And his return 
was to Eamah ; for there was his house ; and there he judg- 
ed Israel j and there he built an altar unto the Lord. 1 Sam- 
uel 7: 13—17. 

Substantive. And he arose out of the synagogue, and 
entered into Simon's house, And Simon's wife's mother was 
taken with a great fever ; and they besought him for her. — 
And he stood over her, and rebuked the fever ; and it left her: 
and immediately she arose and ministered unto them. Now 
when the sun was setting, all they that had any sick with 
divers diseases, brought them unto him: and he laid his hands 
on every one of them, and healed them. And devils also 
came out of many, crying out, and saying, Thou art Christ 
the Son of God. And he, rebuking them, suffered them not 
to speak: for they knew that he was Christ. And when it 
was day, he departed, and went into a desert place ; and the 
people sought him, and came unto him, and stayed him that 
he should not depart from them. And he Said unto them, I 
must preach the kingdom of God in other cities also, for there- 
fore am I sent. And he preached in the synagogues of Galli- 
lee. Luke 4: 38—44. 

By reason of the ill government of Samuel's sons, the Isra- 
elites ask a king to reign over them. Samuel protests their 
petition, and they still persist in the request ; whereupon 
Samuel is instructed of the Lord to grant their request, but 



268 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

still protests the inovation, and warns them of the consequen- 
ces. This typifies the rejection of Christ by the Jews. 

Symbols. And it came to pass, when Samuel was old, 
that he made his sons judges over Israel. Now the name of 
his first-born was Joel ; and the name of his second, Abiah : 
they were judges in Beer-sheba. And his sons walked not in 
his ways, but turned aside after lucre, and took bribes, and 
perverted judgment. Then all the elders of Israel gathered 
themselves together, and came to Samuel unto Ramah, And 
said unto him, Behold, thou art old, and thy sons walk not 
in thy ways: now make us a king to judge us like all the na- 
tions. But the thing displeased Samuel, when they said, Give 
us a king to judge us: and Samuel prayed unto the Lord. — 
And the Lord Said unto Samuel, Hearken unto the voice of 
the people in all that they say unto thee: for they have not 
rejected thee, but they have rejected me, that I should not 
reign over them. According to all the works which they 
have done since the day that I brought them up out of Egypt 
even unto this day, wherewith they have forsaken me, and 
served other gods, so do they also unto thee. Now therefore 
hearken unto their voice: howbeit, yet protest solemnly unto 
them, and shew them the manner of the king that shall reign 
over them. And Samuel told all the words of the Lord unto 
the people that asked of him a king. And he said, This will 
be the manner of the king that shall reign over you: He will 
take your sons, and appoint them for himself, for his chariots, 
and to be his horsemen ; and some shall run before his chari- 
ots. And he will appoint him captains over thousands, and 
captains over fifties ; and will set them to ear his ground, 
and to reap his harvest, and to make his instruments of war, 
and instruments of his chariots. And he will take your 
daughters to be confectionaries, and to be cooks, and to be 
bakers. And he will take your fields, and your vineyards, 
and your olive-yards, even the best of them, and give them 
to his servants. And he will take the tenth of your seed, 
and of your vineyards, and give to his officers, and to his 
servants. And he will take your men-servants, and your 
maid-servants, and your goodliest young men, and your asses, 



SAMUEL A TYPE OF CHRIST. 269 

and put them to his work. He will take the tenth of your 
sheep: and ye shall be his servants. And ye shall cry out in 
that day because of your king which ye shall have chosen 
you ; and the Lord will not hear you in that day. 1 Samuel 
8: 1—18. 

Substantive. He Said therefore, A certain nobleman 
went into a far country to receive for himself a kingdom, and 
to return. And he called his ten servants, and delivered them 
ten pounds, and said unto them, Occupy till I come. But his 
citizens hated him, and sent a message after him, saying, We 
will not have this man to reign over us. And it came to pass, 
that when he was returned, having received the kingdom, 
then he commanded these servants to be called unto him, to 
whom he had given the money, that he might know how much 
every man had gained by trading. Then came the first, say- 
ing, Lord, thy pound hath gained ten pounds. And he said 
unto him, Well, thou good servant: because thou hast been 
faithful in a very little, have thou authority over ten cities. 
And the second came, saying, Lord, thy pound hath gained 
five pounds. And he said likewise to him, Be thou also over 
five cities. And another came, saying, Lord, behold here is 
thy pound, which I have kept laid up in a napkin. For I 
feared thee, because thou art an austere man: thou takest up 
that thou layedst not down, and reapest that thou didst not 
sow. And he said unto him. Out of thine own mouth will I 
judge thee, thou wicked servant, Thou knewest that I was an 
austere man, taking up that I laid not down, and reaping that 
I did not sow: Wherefore then gavest not thou my money 
into the bank, that at my coming I might have required mine 
own with usury. And he said to them that stood by, Take 
from him the pound, and give it to him that hath ten pounds. 
(And they said unto him, Lord, he hath ten pounds.) For I 
Say unto you, That unto every one which hath, shall be given; 
and from him that hath not, even that he hath shall be taken 
away from him. But those mine enemies, which would not 
that I should reign over them, bring hither and slay them 
before me. Luke 19: 12—27. 

Samuel testifieth his integrity before all Israel, who acquit 



270 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

him publicly of any immorality, or malpractice in office du- 
ring his Administration, and thus assume the responsibility 
of choosing a king, contrary to God's Theocracy in governing 
Israel through the mediation of Judges. This typifies the 
rejection of Christ by his people, and their choosing a mur- 
derer in his stead. 

Symbols. And Samuel said unto all Israel, Behold, I have 
hearkened unto your voice in all that ye said unto me, and 
have made a king over you. And now, behold, the king 
walketh before you: and I am old and gray-headed ; and 
behold, my sons are with you: and I have walked before you 
from my childhood unto this day. Behold, here lam: witness 
against me before the Lord, and before his anointed ; whose 
ox have I taken ? or whose ass have I taken ? or whom have 
I defrauded ? whom have I oppressed ? or of whose hand 
have I received any bribe to blind mine eyes therewith ? and 
I will restore it you. And they said, Thou hast not defraud- 
ed us, nor oppressed us, neither hast thou taken aught of any 
man's hand. And he said unto them, The Lord is witness 
against you, and his anointed is witness this day, that ye 
have not found aught in my hand. And they answered, He 
is witness. And Samuel said unto the people, It is the Lord 
that advanced Moses and Aaron, and that brought your fa- 
thers up out of the land of Egypt. Now therefore stand still, 
that I may reason with you before the Lord of all the righte- 
ous acts of the Lord, which he did to you and to your fathers. 
1 Samuel 12: 1— T. 

Substantive. And Pilate, when he had called together 
the chief priests, and the rulers, and the people, Said unto 
them, Ye have brought this man unto me, as one thatpervert- 
eth the people: and behold, I, having examined him before 
you, have found no fault in this man, touching those things 
whereof ye accuse him ; Xo, nor yet Herod: for I sent you 
to him ; and lo, nothing worthy of death is done unto him: I 
will therefore chastise him, and release him. (For of neces- 
sity he must release one unto them at the feast.) And they 
cried out all at once, saying, Away with this man, and release 
unto us Barabas: (Who, for a certain sedition made in the 



SAMUEL A TYPE OF CHRIST. 271 

city, and for murder, was cast into prison.) Pilate therefore, 
willing to release Jesus, spake again to them. But they cried, 
saying, Crucify him, crucify him. And he said unto them the 
third time, Why, what evil hath he done ? I have found no 
cause of death in him ; I will therefore chastise him, and let 
him go. And they were instant with loud voices, requiring 
that he might be crucified: and the voices of them and of the 
chief priests prevailed. And Pilate gave sentence that it 
should be as they required. Luke 23: 13 — 24. 

Samuel, as mediator and prophet, anointeth David king of 
Israel, at the command of the Lord. This symbolizes the 
anointing of the Holy Ghost, and also the anointing of Christ. 

Symbols. And the Lord Said unto Samuel, How long wilt 
thou mourn for Saul, seeing I have rejected him from reign- 
ing over Israel ? fill thy horn with oil, and go, I will send 
thee to Jesse the Beth-lehemite: for I have provided me a 
king among his sons. And Samuel said, How can I go ? if 
Saul hear it, he will kill me. And the Lord Said, Take an 
heifer with thee, and say, I am come to sacrifice to the Lord. 
And call Jesse to the sacrifice, and I will shew thee what 
thou shalt do: and thou shalt anoint unto me him whom I 
name unto thee. And Samuel did that which the Lord Spake, 
and came to Beth-lehem. And the elders of the town trem- 
bled at his coming, and said, Comest thou peaceably ? And 
he said, Peaceably: I am come to sacrifice unto the Lord: 
sanctify yonrselves, and come with me to the sacrifice. And 
he sanctified Jesse and his sons, and called them to the sac- 
rifice. And it came to pass when they were come, that he 
looked on Eliab, and said, Surely the Lord's anointed is be- 
fore him. Bnt the Lord Said unto Samuel, Look not on his 
countenance, or on the height of his stature; because I have 
refused him; for the Lord seeth not as man seeth; for man 
looketh on the outward appearance, but the Lord looketh on 
the heart. Then Jesse called Abinadab, and made him pass 
before Samuel. And he said, Neither hath the Lord chosen 
this. Then Jesse made Shammah to pass by. And he said, 
Neither hath the Lord chosen this. Again Jesse made seven 
of his sons to pass before Samuel: and Samuel said unto Jes- 



272 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

se, The Lord hath not chosen these. And Samuel said unto 
Jesse, Are here all thy children ? And he said, There re- 
maineth yet the youngest, and behold, he keepeth the sheep. 
And Samuel said unto Jesse, Send and fetch him: for we will 
not sit down till he come hither. And he sent and brought 
him in. Now he was ruddy, and withal of a beautiful coun- 
tenance, and goodly to look to. And the Lord Said, Arise, 
anoint him: for this is he. Then Samuel took the horn of 
oil, and anointed him in the midst of his brethren: and the 
Spirit of the Lord came upon David from that day forward. 
So Samuel rose up, and went to Ramah. 1 Samuel 16: 1 — 13. 
Substantive. And one of the Pharisees desired him that 
he would eat with him. And he went into the Pharisee's 
house, and sat down to meat. And behold, a woman in the 
city, which, was a sinner, when she knew that Jesus sat at 
meat in the Pharisee's house, brought an alabaster-box of 
ointment, And stood at Iris feet behind him weeping, and be- 
gan to wash his feet with tears, and did wipe them with the 
hairs of her head, and kissed his feet, and anointed them with 
the ointment. Now when the Pharisee which had bidden 
him, saw it, he spake within himself, saying, This man, if he 
were a prophet, would have known who, and what manner 
of woman this is that toucheth him: for she is a sinner. And 
Jesus answering, Said unto him, Simon, I have somewhat to 
say unto thee. And he saith. Master, say on. There was a 
certain creditor, which had two debtors: the one owed five 
hundred pence, and the other fifty. And when they had 
nothing to pay, he frankly forgave them both. Tell me 
therefore, which of them will love him most ? Simon answer- 
ed and said, I suppose that he, to whom he forgave most. — 
And he said unto him, Thou hast rightly judged. And he 
turned to the woman, and said unto Simon, Seest thou this 
woman ? I entered into thine house, thou gavest me no water 
for my feet: but she hath washed my feet with tears, and 
wiped them with the hairs of her head. Thou gavest me no 
kiss: but this woman, since the time I came in, hath not ceas- 
ed to kiss my feet. Mine head with oil thou didst not anoint: 
but this woman hath anointed my feet with ointment. Where- 



SAMUEL A TYPE OF CHRIST. 



fore I say unto thee, Her sins which are many are forgiven ; 
for she loved much: but to whom little is forgiven, the same 
loveth little. And he Said unto her. Thy sins are forgiven. 
And they that sat at meat with him, began to say within 
themselves, Who is this that forgiveth sins also ? And he 
Said unto the woman, Thy faith hath saved thee ; go in peace 
Luke 7: 36—50. 

The above symbolizes Christ as anointing with the Holy 
Ghost. Christ also used symbols of the anointing of the Holy 
Ghost ; as in the case of the blind man whom he restored to 
sight. The next we read of Samuel is, that he died; and in 
this also he was a type of the humanity of Christ. 

Type. And Samuel died: and all the Israelites were gath- 
ered together, and lamented him, and buried him in his house 
at Ramah. And David arose, and went down to the wilder- 
ness of Paran. 1 Samuel 25: 1. 

Antitype. Jesus, when he had cried again with a loud 
voice, yielded up the ghost. And behold, the vail of the tem- 
ple was rent in twain from the top to the bottom: and the 
earth did quake, and the rocks rent; And the graves were 
opened, and many bodies of the saints which slept, arose, And 
came out of the graves after his resurrection, and went into 
the holy city, and appeared unto many. Mat. 27: 50 — 53. 

Few men that have ever lived, have left a more spotless 
character behind them than Samuel. He was the son of El- 
kanah, and of Hannah, of the tribe of Levi, and family of 
Kohath. He was born in the year of the world, 2848, and 
died in the 98th year of his age. Whether he was a regular 
priest or not is doubted. The apostle numbers him the first 
of the chain of prophets ; he anointed two kings of Israel, 
Saul, and David ; and justly stands in the first rank of the 
holy and exemplary men of the world. Imbued with a large 
portion of the Spirit, he shone a bright star in the firmament 
of Israel, and his character has exerted a happy influence on 
the world in all succeeding ages. The eventful scenes through 
which he passed tested the integrity of his nature and the 
purity of his heart ; and with a firmness and constancy of 
purpose almost without a parallel, he maintained his integrity 
18 



274 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

amid surrounding corruption; and as a rock in the ocean, he 
remained unmoved by the storms and the waves of contend- 
ing factions ; and the muddy waters of a corrupt and rebel- 
ious people. Thus lived, and thus died the prophet Samuel, 
the seventeenth and last of the Judges in Israel. 

" And Samuel died, and all the Israelites were gathered 
together, and lamented him, and buried him in his house at 
Ramah." 



DAVID A TYPE OF CHRIST. 275 



AN EXPOSITION OF THE TBINITIES 



ZP^IEtT FOURTH. 
CHAPTER I. 

DAVID A TYPE OF CHRIST. 

David is anointed king of Israel by Samuel, and thus be- 
comes a type of Christ, as mediator between the Father and 
Israel. 

And Samuel said unto Jesse, Are here all thy children ? — 
And he said, There remaineth yet the youngest, and behold, 
he keepeth the sheep. And Samuel said unto Jesse, Send 
and fetch him: for we will not sit down till he come hither. 
And he sent and brought him in. Now he was ruddy, and 
withal of a beautiful countenance, and goodly to look to. — 
And the Lord Said, Arise, anoint him: for this is he. Then 
Samuel took the horn of oil, and anointed him in the midst 
of his brethren: and the Spirit of the Lord came upon David 
from that day forward. So Samuel rose up, and went to 
Ramah. 1 Samuel 16: 11—13. 

In the above act of anointing David king of Israel, we dis- 
cover a twofold Trinity. 1. The Spiritual Trinity, in Crea- 
tion and Legislation, in these words : And the Lord Said, 
Arise, anoint him. Here are, the Father, and his Word, and 
the Holy Ghost, through which the Word came. 2. The Com- 
pound, Executive, Typical Trinity, in Redemption ; in which 
David is constituted mediator between the Father and Israel: 
and here the Persons in the latter Trinity, stand thus : The 
Father, David, and the Holy Ghost ; and thus this Trinity 
operates throughout the Administration of David. The 
Word, proceeding from the Father, through the Holy Ghost. 
to David, and through David, to Israel. 



276 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

The first remarkable feat of courage and skill we have in 
David's life as a type of Christ, is the case of his meeting in 
battle, and slaving the Philistine giant and champion, who 
defied the armies of Israel forty days in succession, who were 
panic struck at the enormous size and martial bearing of Go- 
liath. David meets him in the name of the God of the armie3 
of Israel, and slays him with a stone from a sling. This 
symbolizes Christ's victories over his spiritual foes. 

Symbols. And David rose up early in the morning, and 
left the sheep with a keeper, and took, aud went, as Jesse 
commanded him ; and he came to the trench, as the host was 
going forth to the fight, and shouted for the battle. For 
Israel and the Philistines had put the battle in array, army 
against army. And David left his carriage in the hand of 
the keeper of the carriage, and ran into the army, and came 
and saluted his brethren. Aud as he lalked with them, be- 
hold, there came up the champion, the Philistine of Gath, Go- 
liath by name, out of the armies of the Philistines, and spake 
according to the same words: and David heard them. And 
all the men of Israel, when they saw the man, fled from him, 
and were sore afraid. And the men of Israel said, Have ye 
seen this man that is come up ? surely to defy Israel is he 
come up: and it shall be, that the man who killeth him, the 
king will enrich him with great riches, and will give him his 
daughter, and make his father's house free in Israel. And 
David spake to the men that stood by him, saying, What shall 
be done to the man that killeth this Philistine, and taketh 
away the reproach from Israel? for who is this uncircumcised 
Philistine, that he should defy the armies of the living God? 
And the people answered him after this manner, saying. So 
shad it be done to the man that killeth him. 1 Samuel 17: 
20—27. 

Substantive. On the next day, much people that were 
come to the feast, when they heard that Jesus was coming to 
Jerusalem, Took branches of palm-trees, and went forth to 
meet him, and cried, Hosanna ; Blessed is the King of Israel 
that cometh in the name of the Lord. And Jesus, when he 
had found a young ass, sat thereon ; as it is written, Fear not, 



DAVID A TYPE OF CHRIST. 277 

daughter of Zion: behold, thy King cometh, sitting on an ass's 
colt. These things understood not his disciples at the first: 
but when Jesus was glorified, then remembered they that 
these things were written of him, and that they had done 
these things unto him. The people therefore that was with 
him when he called Lazarus out of his grave, and raised him 
from the dead, bare record. For this cause the people also 
met him, for that they had heard that he had done this mira- 
cle. The Pharisees therefore said among themselves, Per- 
ceive ye how ye prevail nothing ? behold, the world is gone 
after him. John 12: 12—19. 

David slayeth Goliath, the Philistine Champion, with a 
stone from a sling, when the Philistine army is routed, and 
many of them slain. Israel obtains a complete victory and 
David is promoted. In this David typifies Christ in his vic- 
tories over his enemies, by the power of his Spirit, and the 
apparently simple means he employs in effecting his grand 
purpose of human salvation. 

Symbols. And he (David) took his staff in his hand, and 
chose him five smooth stones out of the brook, and put them 
in a shepherd's bag which he had, even in a scrip ; and his 
sling was in his hand: and he drew near to the Philistine. — 
And the Philistine came on, and drew near unto David ; and 
the man that bare the shield went before him. And when 
the Philistine looked about, and saw David, he disdained 
him: for he was but a youth, and ruddy, and of a fair coun- 
tenance. And the Philistine said unto David, Am I a dog, 
that thou comest to me with staves? and the Philistine curs- 
ed David by his gods. And the Philistine said unto David, 
Come to me, and I will give thy flesh unto the fowls of the 
air, and the beasts of the field. Then said David to the Phi- 
listine, Thou comest to me with a sword, and with a spear, 
and with a shield: but I come to thee in the name of the 
Lord of hosts, the God of the armies of Israel, whom thou 
hast defied. This day will the Lord deliver thee into mine 
hand ; and I will smite thee, and take thine head from thee ; 
and I will give the carcasses of the host of the Philistines 
this day unto the fowls of the air, and to the wild beasts of 



278 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

the earth: that all the earth may know that there is a God 
in Israel. And all this assembly shall know that the Lord 
saveth not with sword and spear: for the battle is the Lord's, 
and he will give you into our hands. And it came to pass, 
when the Philistine arose, and came and drew nigh to meet 
David, that David hasted, and ran toward the army to meet 
S the Philistine. And David put his hand in his bag, and took 
thence a stone, and slang it, and smote the Philistine in his 
forehead, that the stone sunk into his forehead ; and he fell 
upon his face to the earth. So David prevailed over the 
Philistine with a sling and with a stone, and smote the Philis- 
tine and slew him ; but there was no sword in the hand of 
David. Therefore David ran and stood upon the Philistine, 
and took his sword, and drew it out of the sheath thereof, 
and slew him, and cut off his head therewith. And when the 
Philistines saw their champion was dead, they fled. And 
the men of Israel and of Judah arose, and shouted, and pur- 
sued the Philistines, until thou come to the valley, and to the 
gates of Ekron. And the wounded of the Philistines fell 
down by the way to Shaaraim, even unto Gath, and unto Ek- 
ron. And the children of Israel returned from chasing after 
the Philistines, and they spoiled their tents. And David 
took the head of the Philistine, and brought it to Jerusalem; 
but he put his armor in his tent. 1 Samuel 17: 40 — 54. 

Substantive. For Christ sent me not to baptize, but to 
preach the gospel: not with wisdom of words, lest the cross 
of Christ should be made of none effect. For the preaching 
of the cross is to them that perish, foolishness ; but to us 
which are saved, it is the power of God. For it is written, 
I will destroy the wisdom of the wise, and will bring to noth- 
ing the understanding of the prudent. Where then is the 
wise? where is the scribe? where is the disputer of this 
world ? hath not God made foolish the ivisdom of this world? 
For after that in the wisdom of God the world by wisdom 
knew not God, it pleased God by the foolishness of preaching 
to save them that believe. For the Jews require a sign, and 
the Greeks seek after wisdom: But we preach Christ crucified, 
unto the Jews a stumbling-block, and unto the Greeks foolish- 



DAYID A TYPE OF CHRIST. 279 

ness ; But unto them which are called, both Jews and Greeks, 
Christ the power of God, and the wisdom of God. Because 
the foolishness of God is wiser than men ; and the weakness of 
God is stronger than men. For ye see your calling, brethren, 
how that not many wise men after the flesh, not many mighty, 
not many noble are called: But God hath chosen the foolish 
things of the world to confound the wise ; and God hath cho- 
sen the weak things of the world to confound the things 
which are mighty ; And base things of the world, and things 
which are despised, hath God chosen, yea, and things which 
are not, to bring to nought things that are: That no flesh 
should glory in his presence. 1 Cor. I: 17 — 29. 

Jonathan, David's friend, keeps him advised of Saul's ma- 
licious designs towards him, and convinces Saul of the impor- 
tant services of David, and protests his innocence; wherefore 
Saul repents of his malicious purposes, and promises to desist. 
This symbolizes the maliciousness of the Jews towards the 
Mesiah and his convincing them of his innocence before the 
multitude. 

Symbols. And Saul spake to Jonathan his son, and to all 
his servants, that they should kill David, But Jonathan. 
Saul's son, delighted much in David: and Jonathan told Da- 
vid, saying, Saul my father seeketh to kill thee: now there- 
fore, I pray thee, take heed to thyself until the morning, and 
abide in a secret place, and hide thyself: And I will go out 
and stand beside my father in the field where thou art, and I 
will commune with my father of thee; and what I see, that I 
will tell thee. And Jonathan spake good of David unto Saul 
his father, and said unto him, Let not the king sin against his 
servant, against David: because he hath not sinned against 
thee, and because his words have been to thee-ward very 
good: For he did put his life in his hand, and slew the Phil- 
istine, and the Lord wrought a great salvation for all Israel: 
thou sawest it, and didst rejoice: wherefore then wilt thou 
sin against innocent blood, and slay David without a cause? 
And Saul hearkened unto the voice of Jonathan: and Saul 
sware, As the Lord liveth, he shall not be slain. And Jona- 
than called David, and Jonathan shewed him all those things. 



280 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

And Jonathan brought David to Saul, and he was in his pres- 
ence, as in times past. 1 Sam. 19: 1 — 7. 

Substantive. The same day there came certain of the 
Pharisees, saying unto him, Get thee out, and depart hence: 
for Herod will kill thee. And he Said unto them, Go ye and 
tell that fox, Behold, I cast out devils, and I do cures to-day 
and to-morrow, and the third day I shall be perfected. Nev- 
ertheless I must walk to-day and to-morrow, and the day fol- 
lowing: for it cannot be that a prophet perish out of Jerusa- 
lem. Jerusalem, Jerusalem, which killest the prophets, and 
stonest them that are sent unto thee: how often would I have 
gathered thy children together, as a hen doth gather her 
brood under her wings, and ye would not! Behold, your house 
is left unto you desolate. And verily I say unto you, Ye shall 
not see me, until the time come when ye shall say, Blessed is 
he that cometh in the narce of the Lord. Luke 13: 31 — 35. 

Saul's wrath is again kindled at David's success in war, 
and sending messengers to take him, they are imbued with 
the Spirit of prophecy; Saul finally going himself is endow- 
ed with the same Spirit. This symbolizes the Spirit of Christ 
imparted to his followers; and their former enmity being sub- 
dued and a union in the Spirit succeeding. 

Symbols. So David fled, and escaped, and came to Sam- 
uel to Ramah, and told him all that Saul had done to him. 
And he and Samuel went and dwelt in Naioth. And it was 
told Saul, saying, Behold, David is at Naioth in Ramah. 
And Saul sent messengers to take David: and when they saw 
the company of the prophets prophesying, and Samuel stand- 
ing as appointed over them, the Spirit of God was upon 
the messengers of Saul, and they also prophesied. And when 
it was told Saul, he sent other messengers, and they prophe- 
sied likewise. And Saul sent messengers again the third 
time, and they prophesied also. Then went he also to Ramah, 
and came to a great well that is in Sechu: and he asked and 
said, Where are Samuel and David? And one said, Behold, 
they are at Naioth in Ramah. And he went thither to Nai- 
oth in Ramah: and the Spirit of God was upon him also, and 
he went on and prophesied, until he came to Naioth in Ra- 



DAVID A TYPE OF CHRIST. 281 

mah. And he stripped off his clothes also, and prophesied 
before Samuel in like manner, and lay down naked all that 
day and all that night. Wherefore they say, is Saul also 
among the prophets? 1 Sam. 19: 18 — 24. 

Substantive. Many of the people therefore, when they 
heard this saying, said, Of a truth this is the Prophet. Oth- 
ers said, This is the Christ. But some said, Shall Christ 
come out of Galilee? Hath not the scripture said, That 
Christ cometh of the seed of David, and out of the town of 
Bethlehem, where David was? So there was a division among 
the people because of him. And some of them would have 
taken him: but no man laid hands on him. Then came the 
officers to the chief priests and Pharisees: and they said unto 
them, Why have ye not brought him? The officers answer- 
ed, Never man spake like this man. Then answered them 
the Pharisees, Are ye also deceived? Have any of the rulers, 
or of the Pharisees believee on him? But this people who 
knoweth not the law are cursed. Nicodemus saith unto them 
(he that came to Jesus by night, being one of them,) Doth our 
law judge any man before it hear him, and know what he 
doeth? They answered and said unto him, Art thou also of 
Galilee? Search, and look: for out of Galilee ariseth no 
prophet. And every man went unto his own house. John 
7: 40—53. 

David flying from Saul cometh to the cave of Adullam, 
where many of all characters resort unto him whom he re- 
forms and makes useful to the State. This symbolizes the 
reformation of all characters under the influence of Christ's 
Spirit. 

Symbols. David therefore departed thence, and escaped 
to the cave Adullam: and when his brethren and all his fa- 
ther's house heard it, they went down thither to him. And 
every one that was in distress, and every one that was in debt 
and every one that was discontented gathered themselves unto 
him: and he became a captain over them: and there were 
with him about four hundred men. And David went thence 
to Mizpeh of Moab: and he said unto the king of Moab, Let 
my father and my mother, I pray thee, come forth, and be with 



282 EXPOSITION OP THE TRINITIES. 

you, till I know what God will do for me. And he brought 
them before the king of Moab: and they dwelt with him all 
the while that David was in the hold. And the prophet Gad 
said unto David, Abide not in the hold: depart and get thee 
into the land of Judah. Then David departed, and came 
into the forest Hareth. When Saul heard that David was 
discovered, and the men that were with him, (now Saul abode 
in Gibeah under a tree in Raman, having his spear in his 
hand, and all his servants were standing about him :) Then 
Saul said unto his servants that stood about him, Hear now, 
ye Benjamites ; will the son of Jesse give every one of you 
fields and vineyards, and make you all captains of thousands, 
and captains of hundreds : That all of you have conspired 
against me, and there is none that sheweth me that my son 
hath made a league with the son of Jesse, and there is none 
of you that is sorry for me, or sheweth unto me that my son 
hath stirred up ray servant against me, to lie in wait, as at 
this day? 1 Sam. 22: 1—8. 

Substantive. Wash ye, make you clean : put away the evil 
of your doings from before mine eyes : cease to do evil : 
Learn to do well : seek judgment, relieve the oppressed, judge 
the fatherless, plead for the widow. Come now and let us 
reason together, saith the Lord : though your sins be as scar- 
let, they shall be as white as snow : though they be red like 
crimson, they shall be as wool. If ye be willing and obedient, 
ye shall eat the good of the land : But if ye refuse and re- 
bel, ye shall be devoured with the sword : for the mouth of 
the Lord hath spoken it. Isaiah 1: 16 — 20. Again, And 
one of the elders answered, saying unto me, What are these 
which are arrayed in white robes? and whence came they? 
And I said unto him, Sir, thou knowest. And he said to me, 
These are they which came out of great tribulation, and have 
• washed their robes, and made them white in the blood of the 
Lamb. Therefore are they before the throne of God, and 
serve him day and night in his temple : and he that sitteth on 
the throne shall dwell among them. They shall hunger no 
more, neither thirst any more : neither shall the sun light on 
them, nor any heat. For the Lamb which is in the midst of 



DAYID A TYPE OP CHRIST. 283 

the throne shall feed them, and shall lead them unto living 
fountains of waters : and God shall wipe away all tears from 
their eyes. Rev. 1: 13 — 17. 

The town of Keilah being threatened by the Philistines, 
David inquires of the Lord whether he should go with his 
men to the rescue. He is ordered to go with the promise 
that he would deliver the Philistines into his hand. So David 
went down with his men and smote the Philistines with a 
great slaughter, and delivered the town out of their hand. 
This symbolizes Christ's spiritual victories over the enemies 
of truth and righteousness through the instrumentality of his 
Spirit. 

Figure. Then they told David, saying, Behold, the Phi- 
listines fight against Keilah, and they rob the threshing-floors. 
Therefore David inquired of the Lord, saying, Shall I go and 
smite these Philistines? And the Lord said unto David, Go, 
and smite the Philistines, and save Keilah. And David's 
men said unto him, Behold, we be afraid here in Judah : how 
much more then if we come to Keilah against the armies of 
the Philistines ? Then David inquired of the Lord yet again* 
And the Lord answered him and said, Arise, go down to 
Keilah : for 1 will deliver the Philistines into thine hand. 
So David and his men went to Keilah, and fought with the 
Philistines, and brought away their cattle, and smote them 
with a great slaughter. So David saved the inhabitants of 
Keilah. And it came to pass, when Abiathar the son of 
Abimelech fled to David to Keilah, that he came down with 
an ephod in his hand. And it was told Saul that David was 
come to Keilah. And Saul said, God hath delivered him into 
mine hand : for he is shut in, by entering into a town that 
hath gates and bars. And Saul called all the people together 
to war, to go down to Keilah, to besiege David and his men. 
And David knew that Saul secretly practised mischief against 
him : and he said to Abiathar the priest, Bring hither the 
ephod. Then said David, Lord God of Israel, thy servant 
hath certainly heard that Saul seekcth to come to Keilah, to 
destroy the city for my sake. Will the men of Keilah de- 
liver me up into his hand? will Saul come down, as thy ser- 



284 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

vant hath heard? Lord God of Israel, I beseech thee, tell 
thy servant. And the Lord Said, He will come down. Then 
said David, Will the men of Keilah, deliver me and my men 
into the hand of Saul? And the Lord Said, They will de- 
liver thee up. Then David and his men, which were about 
six hundred, arose and departed out of Keilah, and went 
whithersover they could go. And it was told Saul that Da- 
vid was escaped from Keilah : and he forbare to go forth. 
And David abode in the wilderness in strong holds, and re- 
mained in a mountain in the wilderness of Ziph. And Saul 
sought him every day, but God delivered him not into his 
hand. And David saw that Saul was come out to seek his 
life : and David was in the wilderness of Ziph in a wood. 1 
Sam. 23: 1—15. 

Nothing could be more clearly expressed, than is expressed 
in the above section : that Saul would go down to Keilah, 
and that the people would deliver David into his hand, and 
yet neither occurred ; for David exercised his moral agency, 
and with his men left the town ; and Saul hearing of his de- 
parture turned his course another way. The same doctrine 
is involved in the case of Jonah at Nineveth, and in every 
case where the fulfillment of prophecy is suspended on human 
agency. Even the destruction of Jerusalem which had been 
the great subject of prophecy for so many ages, would have 
been averted had the inhabitants thereof hearkened to the 
words of Jeremiah only a few days before the event occurred. 

Then said Jeremiah unto Zedekiah, Thus saith the Lord, 
the God of hosts, the God of Israel : If thou wilt assuredly 
go forth unto the king of Babylon's princes, then thy soul 
shall live, and this city shall not be burned with fire : and 
thou shalt live, and thine house : But if thou wilt not go 
forth to the king of Babylon's princes, then shall this city be 
given into the hand of the Chaldeans, and they shall burn it 
with fire, and thou shalt not escape out of their hand. Jer. 
38: 17—18. 

The substantive of the above quoted passage of Scripture, 
1 Sam. 23: 1 — 15, is the following, and the second section of 
the brace. 



DAVID AND ABIATHER TYPES OF CHRIST. 285 

Substantive. Then the Jews took up stones again to stone 
him. Jesus answered them, Many good works have I shewed 
you from my Father : for which of these works do ye stone 
me ? The Jews answered him, saying, For a good work we 
stone thee not : but for blasphemy, and because that thou, 
being a man, makest thyself God. Jesus answered them, Is 
it not written in your law, I said, Ye are gods? If he called 
them gods, unto whom the word of God came, and the scrip- 
ture cannot be broken : Say ye of him whom the Father 
hath sanctified, and sent into the world, Thou blasphemest: 
because I said, I am the Son of God ? If I do not the works 
of my Father, believe me not. But if I do, though ye believe 
not me, believe the works : that ye may know and believe 
that the Father is in me, and I in him. Therefore they sought 
again to take him : but he escaped out of their hand, And 
went away again beyond Jordan into the place where John at 
first babtized : and there he abode. And many resorted unto 
him, and said, John did no miracle : but all things that John 
spake of this man were true. And many believed on him 
there. John 10: 31—42. 

David being dismissed from the Philistine army by Achish 
returns to Ziklag, where he had left his wives and property, 
and finds it burned and his wives and effects carried off by 
the Amalekites. He asks counsel of the Lord how he should 
act, and is encouraged to pursue the marauders, with the 
promise of recovering all he had lost and taking spoil from 
the enemy. This symbolizes the ravages committed on the 
Church by her enemies, in her persecutions, oppressions and 
slaughters. 

Symbols. And it came to pass, when David and his men 
were come to Ziklag on the third day, that the Amalekites 
had invaded the south, and Ziklag, and smitten Ziklag, and 
burned it with fire ; And had taken the women captives that 
were therein; they slew not any, either great or small, but car- 
ried them away, and went on their way. So David and his men 
came to the city, and behold, it was burned with fire ; and 
their wives, and their sons, and their daughters, were taken 
captives. Then David and the people that were with him 



286 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

lifted up their voice and wept, until they had no more power 
to weep. And David's two wives were taken captives, Ahi- 
noam the Jezreelitess, and Abigail the wife of Nabal the 
Carmelite. And David was greatly distressed: for the people 
spake of stoning him, because the soul of all the people was 
grieved, every man for his sons, and for his daughters: but 
David encouraged himself in the Lord his God. And David 
said to Abiathar the priest, Ahimeleck's son, I pray thee 
bring me hither the ephod. And Abiathar brought thither 
the ephod to David. And David inquired at the Lord, say- 
ing, Shall I pursue after this troop ? shall I overtake them ? 
And he answered him, Pursue: for thou shalt surely overtake 
them, and without fail recover all. So David went, he and 
the six hundred men that were with him, and came to the 
brook Besor, where those that were left behind stayed. But 
David pursued, he and four hundred men: for two hundred 
abode behind, which were so faint that they could not go 
over the brook Besor. 1 Samuel 30: 1 — 10. 

Substantive. And I saw when the Lamb opened one of 
the seals, and I heard, as it were the noise of thunder, one 
of the four beasts, saying, Come and see. And I saw. and 
behold, a white horse: and he that sat on him had a bow; and 
a crown was given unto him: and he went forth conquering, 
and to conquer. Rev. 6: 1 — 2. 

David overtakes the Amalekites, in the camp, eating, drink- 
ing, and dancing, and in the midst of their mirth and hilarity, 
he falls upon them with the sword, and slays them from the 
twilight, to the evening of the next day ; so that only four 
hundred young men who rode upon camels escaped. Thus 
David recovered his two wives and all that the Amalekites 
had carried away. This symbolizes the great victory of the 
Son of man over the enemies of his Bride in the latter day 
glory. 

Symbols. And when he had brought him down, (the 
Egyptian) behold, they were spread abroad upon all the 
earth, (the Amalekites) eating and drinking, and danciug ? 
because of all the great spoil that they had taken out of the 
land of the Philistines, and out of the land of Juhah. And 



DAVID AND ABIATHER TYPES OF CHRIST. 287 

David smote them from the twilight even unto the evening 
of the next day: and there escaped not a man of them, save 
four hundred young men, which rode upon camels, and fled. 
And David recovered all that the Amalekites had carried 
away: and David rescued his two wives. And there was 
nothing lacking to them, neither small nor great, neither 
sons nor daughters, neither spoil, nor any thing that they 
had takon to them: David recovered all. And David took 
all the flocks and the herds which they drave before those 
other cattle, and said. This is David's spoil. 1 Samuel 30: 
16—20. 

Substantive. And I looked, and behold, a white cloud? 
and upon the cloud one sat like unto the Son of man, having 
on his head a golden crown, and in his hand a sharp sickle. 
And another angel came out of the temple, crying with a 
loud voice to him that sat on the cloud, Thrust in thy sickle, 
and reap: for the time is come for thee to reap ; for the har- 
vest of the earth is ripe. And he that sat on the cloud thrust 
in his sickle on the earth ; and the earth was reaped. And 
another angel came out of the temple which is in heaven, he 
also having a sharp sickle. And another angel came out 
from the altar, which had power over fire ; and cried with a 
loud cry to him that had the sharp sickle, saying, Thrust in 
thy sharp sickle, and gather the clusters of the vine of the 
earth ; for the grapes are fully ripe. And the angel thrust 
in his sickle into the earth, and gathered the vine of the 
earth, and cast it into the great wine-press of the ivrath of 
God. And the wine-press was trodded without the city, and 
blood came out of the wine-press, even unto the horse-bridles, by 
the space of a thousand and six hundred furlongs. Rev. 14: 
14—20. 

David and his men returning to Ziklag, he sends of the 
spoils he had taken from the enemy, presents to the elders of 
Judah, who were his friends. This symbolizes the spiritual 
blessings which come through Christ to his friends. 

Symbols. And when David came to Ziklag, he sent of 
the spoil unto the elders of Judah, even unto his friends, say- 
ing, Behold a present for you, of the spoil of the enemies of 



288 EXPOSITION OF THE TBINITII-. 

the Lord : To them which were in Beth-el. and to them which 
were in south Ramoth. and to them which were in Jattir. 
And to them which were in Aroer. and to them which were 
in Siphmoth, and to them which were in Eshtemoa. And to 
them which were in Rachal. and to them which were in the 
cities o: the Jerahmeelites. and to them which were in the 
cities of the Kenites.And to them which were in Hormah. 
and to them which were in Chor-ashan. and to them which 
were in Athach. And to them which were in Hebron, and to 
all the places where Davil himself and his men were wont to 
haunt. 1 Samuel BO: 26—31. 

Substantive. As my Father hath loved me. so have I 
loved you: continue ye in my love. If ye keep my command- 
ments, ye shall abide in my love : even as I have kept my 
Father's commandments, and abide in his love. These things 
have I Spoken unto you. that my joy might remain in you, 
and that your joy might be full. This is my commandment. 
That ye love one another, as I have loved you. Greater 
love hath no man than this, that a man lay down his life for 
his friends. Ye are my friends, if ye do whatsoever I com- 
mand you. Henceforth I call you not servants ; for a ser- 
vant knoweth not what his lord doeth: but I have called you 
friends ; for all things that 1 have heard of my Father, I have 
made known unto you. Ye have not chosen me. but I have 
chosen you. and ordained you. that ye should go and . 
forth fruit, and that your fruit should remain: that whatsoev- 
er ye shall ask of the Father in my name, he may give i: 
These things I command yon, that ye love one another. — 
John 15: 9 — IT. 

David lamenteth the disastrous fate of Saul and Jonathan, 
and theii nntimely death. This symbolizes the lamentations 
of the Savior over the unhappy fate of Jerusalem, because of 
their unbelief and hardness of heart. 

Symbols. And David lamented with this lamentation 
over Saul, and over Jonathan his son: (Also he bade them 
teach the children of Judah the use of the bow: behold, it is 
*rj :::en in the book of Jasher. The beauty of Israel is : 
upon thy high places: how are the mighty fallen ! Tell it 



DAVID AND ABIATHER TYPES OF CHRIST. 289 

not in Gath, publish it not in the streets of Askelon ; lest the 
daughters of the Philistines rejoice, lest the daughters of the 
uncircumcised triumph. Ye mountains of Gilboa, let there be 
no dew, neither let there be rain upon you, nor fields of offer- 
ings: for there the shield of the mighty is vilely cast away, 
the shield of Saul, as though he had not been anointed with 
oil. From the blood of the slain, from the fat of the mighty, 
the bow of Jonathan turned not back, and the sword of Saul 
returned not empty. Saul and Jonathan were lovely and 
pleasant in their lives, and in their death they were not divi- 
ded: they were swifter than eagles, they were stronger than 
lions. Ye daughters of Israel, weep over Saul, who clothed 
you in scarlet, with other delights ; who put on ornaments 
of gold upon your apparel. How are the mighty fallen in 
the midst of the battle ! Jonathan, thou wast slain in thine 
high places. I am distressed for thee, my brother Jonathan: 
very pleasant hast thou been unto me: thy love to me was 
wonderful, passing the love of women. How are the mighty 
fallen, and the weapons of war perished. 2 Samuel 1: 17 — 27. 
Substantive. And when he was come near, he beheld the 
city and wept over it, Saying, If thou hadst known, even thou, 
at least in this thy day, the things which belong to thy peace ! 
but now they are hid from thine eyes. For the days shall 
come upon thee, that thine enemies shall cast a trench about 
thee, and compass thee round, and keep thee in on every side. 
And shall lay thee even with the ground, and thy children 
within thee: and they shall not leave in thee one stone upon 
another: because thou knowest not the time of thy visitation. 
And he went into the temple, and began to cast out them 
that sold therein, and them that bought, Saying unto them, 
It is written, My house is a house of prayer, but ye have made 
it a den of thieves. And he taught daily in the temple. But 
the chief priests, and the scribes, and the chief of the people 
sought to destroy him. And could not find what they might 
do: for all the people were very attentive to hear him. Luke 
19: 41—48. 

David inquires of the Lord whether he shall go up to any 
of the cities of Judah, and is directed to go up to Hebron, 
19 



290 EXPOSITION OF THE TKINITIES. 

whereupon he goes up with all his men and all their families 
and effects ; and they anointed David king over the house of 
Judah. This symbolizes the anointing of Christ, King of 
Judah. 

Symbols. And it came to pass after this, that David in- 
quired of the Lord, saying, Shall I go up into any of the cities 
of Judah ? And the Lord Said unto him, Go up. And Da- 
vid said, Whither shall I go up? And he Said, Unto Hebron. 
So David went up thither, and his two wives also, Ahinoam 
the Jezreelitess, and Abigail, Nabal's wife, the Carmelite. — 
And his men that were with him did David bring up, every 
man with his household: and they dwelt in the cities of Heb- 
ron. And the men of Judah came, and there they anointed 
David king over the house of Judah. And they told David 
saying, That the men of Jabesh-gilead were they that buried 
Saul. And David sent messengers unto the men of Ja- 
besh-gilead, and said unto them, Blessed be ye of the Lord, 
that ye have shewed this kindness unto your lord, even unto 
Saul, and have buried him. And now the Lord shew kind 
ness and truth unto you: and I also will requite you this 
kindness, because ye have done this thing. Therefore now 
let your hands be strengthened, and be ye valiant: for your 
master Saul is dead, and also the house of Jacob have anoint- 
ed me king\>ver them. 2 Samuel 2: 1 — 7. 

Substantive. Again the next day after, John stood, and 
two of his disciples ; And looking upon Jesus as he walked, 
he saith, Behold the Lamb of God ! And the two disciples 
heard him speak, and they followed Jesus. Then Jesus turn- 
ed, and saw them following, and Saith unto them, What seek 
ye ? They said unto him, Rabbi, (which is to say, being in- 
terpreted, Master,) where dwellest thou ? He Saith unto 
them. Come and see. They came and saw where he dwelt, 
and abode with him that day: for it was about the tenth hour. 
One of the two which heard John speak, and followed him, 
was Andrew, Simon Peter's brother. He first findeth his own 
brother Simon, and saith unto him, We have found the Mes- 
sias ; which is, being interpreted, the Christ. And he brought 
him to Jesus. And when Jesus beheld him, he Said, Thou 



DAVID AND ABIATHER TYPES OF CHRIST. 291 

art Simon the son of Jona: thou shalt be called Cephas ; 
which is, by interpretation, a stone. John 1: 35 — 42. 

In the wars between the house of Saul and the house of 
David for supremacy in Israel, the house of David waxeth 
stronger, until the house of Saul is entirely overturned, and 
David's is triumphant. This typifies the increasing power 
and dominion of Christ's kingdom upon earth, until his ene- 
mies be made his footstool. 

Type. And it came to pass, while there was war between 
the house of Saul and the house of David, that Abner made 
himself strong for the house of Saul. And Saul had a con- 
cubine, whose name was Rizpah, the daughter of Aiah: and 
Ish-bosheth said to Abner, Wherefore hast thou gone in unto 
my father's concubine ? Then was Abner very wroth for the 
words of Ish-bosheth, and said, Am I a dog's head, which 
against Judah do shew kindness this day unto the house of 
Saul thy father, to his brethren, and to his friends, and have 
not delivered thee into the hand of David, that thou chargest 
me to-day with a fault concerning this woman ? So do God 
to Abner, and more also, except, as the Lord hath sworn to 
David, even so I do to him: To translate the kingdom from 
the house of Saul, and to set up the throne of David over Is- 
rael and over Judah, from Dan even to Beer-sheba. And he 
could not answer Abner a word again, because he feared him. 
2 Samuel 3: 6—11. 

Antitype. Nevertheless the dimness shall not be such as 
was in her vexation, when at the first he lightly afflicted the 
land of Zebulun, and the land of Naphtali, and afterward did 
more grievously afflict her by the way of the sea, beyond 
Jordan, in Galilee of the nations. The people that walked 
in darkness have seen a great light: they that dwell in the 
land of the shadow of death, upon them hath the light shined. 
Thou has multiplied the nation, and not increased the joy: 
they joy before thee according to the joy in harvest, and as 
men rejoice when they divide the spoil. For thou hast bro- 
ken the yoke of his burden, and the staff of his shoulder, the 
rod of the oppressor, as in the days of Midian. For every 
battle of the warrior is with confused noise, and garments 



292 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

rolled in blood ; but this shall be with burning and fuel of 
fire. For unto us a child is born, unto us a son is given: and 
tbe government shall be upon his shoulder: and his name shall 
be called Wonderful, Counsellor, The mighty God, The ever- 
lasting Father, The Prince of Peace. Of the increase of his 
government and peace there shall be no end, upon the throne 
of David, and upon his kingdom, to order it, and to establish 
it with judgment and with justice from henceforth even for 
ever. The zeal of the Lord of hosts will perform this. Isaiah 
9: 1-7. 

In the last section of the above brace, Christ is described 
by appellations, some of which answer to his human, and 
some to his Divine nature. The Child born ; the Son given ; 
the Wonderful ; Counsellor, are all appropriate to his human 
nature: But the mighty God; the everlasting Father ; apply 
exclusively to his Divine nature ; the term Prince of Peace, is 
applicable to the two natures united. 

David is anointed at Hebron king over all Israel. This 
is the third time David was anointed, and points to the three 
anointings of Christ. 

Symbols. Then came all the tribes of Israel to David 
unto Hebron, and spake, saying, Behold, we are thy bone and 
thy flesh. Also in time past, when Saul was king over us, 
thou wast he that ledest out and broughtest in Israel: and 
the Lord Said to thee, Thou shalt feed my people Israel, and 
thou shalt be a captain over Israel. So all the elders of Is- 
rael came to the king to Hebron ; and king David made a 
league with them in Hebron before the Lord: and they 
anointed David king over Israel. David was thirty years 
old when he began to reign, and he reigned forty years. In 
Hebron he reigned over Judah seven years and six months: 
and in Jerusalem he reigned thirty and three years over all 
Israel and Judah. And the king and his men went to Jeru- 
salem unto the Jebusites the inhabitants of the land: who 
spake unto David, saying, Except thou xake away the blind 
and the lame, thou shalt not come in hither: thinking David 
cannot come in hither. Nevertheless, David took the strong 
hold of Zion: the same is the city of David. And David said 



DAVID AND ABIATHER TYPES OF CHRIST. 293 

on that day, Whosoever getteth up to the gutter, and smiteth 
the Jebusites, and the lame and the blind, that are hated of 
David's soul, he shall be chief and captain. Wherefore they 
said, The blind and the lame shall not come into the house. 
So David dwelt in the fort, and called it, The city of David. 
And David built round about from Millo and inward. And 
David went on, and grew great, and the Lord God of hosts 
was with him. 2 Samuel 5: 1 — 10. 

Substantive. Now when Jesus was in Bethany, in the 
house of Simon the leper, There came unto him a woman 
having an alabaster-bos of very precious ointment, and poured 
it on his head as he sat at meat. But when his disciples saw 
it, they had indignation, saying, To what purpose is this 
waste ? For this ointment might have been sold for much, 
and given to the poor. When Jesus understood it, he Said 
unto them, Why trouble ye the woman? for she hath wrought 
a good work upon me. For ye have the poor always with 
you ; but me ye have not always. For in that she hath 
poured this ointment on my body, she did it for my burial. — 
Yerily I say unto you, Wheresoever this gospel shall be 
preached in the whole world, there shall also this, that this 
woman hath done, be told as a memorial of her. Matthew 
26: 6—13. 

The Philistines becoming alarmed at David's growing 
power, unite their forces and come out to battle ; whereupon 
David inquires of the Lord for instructions, and is ordered 
to go up against them with the promise of victory. This 
symbolizes the conquests of Messiah over his spiritual foes. 

Symbols. But when the Philistines heard that they had 
anointed David king over Israel, all the Philistines came up 
to seek David ; and David heard of it, and went down to the 
hold. The Philistines also came and spread themselves in the 
valley of Rephaim. And David inquired of the Lord, saying, 
Shall I go up to the Philistines? wilt thou deliver them into 
mine hand ? And the Lord Said unto David, Go up: for I 
will doubtless deliver the Philistines into thine hand. And 
David came to Baal-perazim, and David smote them there, 
and said, The Lord hath broken forth upon mine enemies be- 



294 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

fore me, as the breach of waters. Therefore he called the 
name of that place Baal-perazim. And there they left their 
images, and David and his men burned them. And the Phi- 
listines came up yet again, and spread themselves in the val- 
ley of Rephaiin. And when David inquired of the Lord, he 
said, Thou shalt not go up: but fetch a compass behind them, 
and come upon them over against the mulberry-trees. And 
let it be, when thou hearest the sound of a going in the tops 
of the mulberry-trees, that then thou shalt bestir thyself : for 
then shall the Lord go out before thee, to smite the host of 
the Philistines. And David did so as the Lord had com- 
manded him ; and smote the Philistines from Geba until thou 
come to Gazer. 2 Samuel 5: 17 — 25. 

Substantive. And they sung a new song, saying, Thou 
art worthy to take the book, and to open the seals thereof: 
for thou wast slain, and hast redeemed us to God by thy blood 
out of every kindred, and tongue, and people, and nation ; 
And hast made us unto our God kings and priests: and we 
shall reign on the earth. And I beheld, and I heard the voice 
of many angels round about the throne, and the beasts, and 
the elders: and the number of them was ten thousand times 
ten thousand, and thousands of thousands ; Saying with a 
loud voice, Worthy is the Lamb that was slain to receive 
power, and riches, and wisdom, and strength, and honor, and 
glory, and blessing. And every creature which is in heaven, 
and on the earth, and under the earth, and such as are in the 
sea, and all that are in them, heard I saying, Blessing, and 
honor, and glory, and power, be unto him that sitteth upon 
the throne, and unto the Lamb, for ever and ever. And the 
four beasts said, Amen. And the four and twenty elders 
fell down and worshipped him that liveth for ever and ever. 
Rev. 5: 9—14. 

David attempts to bring up the Ark from Kirjath-jearim 
to Jerusalem on a new cart, on the way, Uzzah who assited 
in driving the cart, for his irreverance in taking hold of the 
sacred type, is struck dead by the Spirit of the Lord ; where- 
upon David desists in his purpose and deposits the ark in 
the house of Obed-edom ; because of which, the Lord blessed 



DAVID AND ABIATHER TYPES OF CHRIST. 295 

his household. This s) T mbolizes the spiritual blessings of 
Christ upon those households who entertain his worship and 
acknowledge his supremacy, and observe his law to do it. 

Symbols. Again, David gathered together all the chosen 
men of Israel, thirty thousand. And David arose, and went 
with all the people that were with him from Baale of Judah, to 
bring up from thence the ark of God, whose name is called 
by the name of The Lord of hosts that dwelleth between the 
cherubims. And they set the ark of God upon a new cart, 
and brought it out of the house of Abinadab that was in Gi- 
beah: and Uzzah and Ahio the sons of Abinadab drave the 
new cart. And they brought it out of the house of Abinadab, 
which was at Gibeah, accompanying the ark of God: and 
Ahio went before the ark. And David and all the house of 
Israel played before the Lord on all manner of instruments 
made of fir-wood, even on harps, and on psalteries, and on 
timbrels, and on cornets, and on cymbals. And when they 
came to Nachon's threshing-floor, Uzzah put forth his hand to 
the ark of God, and took hold of it: for the oxen shook it. 
And the anger of the Lord was kindled against Uzzah, and 
God smote him there for his error ; and there he died by the 
ark of God. Aad David was displeased, because the Lord 
had made a breach upon Uzzah: and he called the place Pe- 
rez-uzzah to this day. And David was afraid of the Lord 
that day, and said, How shall the ark of the Lord come to 
me ? So David would not remove the ark of the Lord unto 
him into the city of David: but David carried it aside into 
the house of Obed-edom the Gittite. And the ark of the 
Lord continued in the house of Obed-edom the Gittite three 
months: and the Lord blessed Obed-edom and all his house- 
hold. 2 Samuel 6: 1—11. 

Substantive. And unto the angel of the Church of the 
Laodicians write: These things Saith the Amen, the faithful 
and true Witness, the beginning of the creation of God: I 
know thy works, that thou art neither cold nor hot: I would 
thou wert cold or hot. So then because thou art luke- 
warm, and neither cold nor hot, I will spew the out of my 
mouth; Because thou saycst, I am rich, and increased with 



296 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

goods, and have need of nothing, and knowest not that thou 
art wretched, and miserable, and poor, and blind, and naked: 
I counsel thee to buy of me gold tried in the fire, that thou 
mayest be rich ; and white raiment, that thou mayest be 
clothed, and that the shame of thy nakedness do not appear ; 
and anoint thine eyes with eye-salve, that thou mayest see. 
As many as I love, I rebuke and chasten: be zealous therefore, 
and repent. Behold, I stand at the door and knock: if any 
man hear my voice, and open the door, I will come in to him, 
and will sup with him, and he with me. To him that over- 
cometh will I grant to sit with me in my throne, even as I also 
overcame, and am set down with my Father on his throne. He 
that hath an ear, let him hear what the Spirit Saith unto the 
churches. Rev. 3: 14—22. 

God promiseth to David great blessings and benefits in his 
seed. This symbolizes the spiritual blessings and benefits 
through Christ to the world in raising up a spiritual seed, as 
the salt of the earth and the light of the world. 

Symbols. And when thy days be fulfilled, and thou shalt 
sleep with thy fathers, I will set up thy seed after thee, which 
shall proceed out of thy bowels, and I will establish his king- 
dom. He shall build an house for my name, and I will estab- 
lish the throne of his kingdom for ever. I will be his father, 
and he shall be my son. If he commit iniquity, I will chasten 
him with the rod of men, and with the stripes of the children 
of men: But my mercy shall not depart away from L him, as I 
took it from Saul, whom I put away before thee. And thine 
house and thy kingdon shall be established for ever before 
thee: thy throne shall be established for ever. According to 
all these words, and according to all this vision, so did Na- 
than speak unto David. 2 Samuel 7: 12 — 17. 

Substantive. For unto which of the angels Said he at 
any time, Thou art my Son, this day have I begotten thee ? 
And again, I will be to him a Father, and he shall* be to me 
a Son ? And again, when he bringeth in the first-begotten 
into the world, he Saith, And let all the angels of God wor- 
ship him. And of the angels he Saith, Who maketh the 
angels spirits, and his ministers a flame of fire. But unto the 



DAVID AND ABIATHER TYPES OF CHRIST. 297 

Son, he Saith, Thy throne, God, is for ever and ever: a 
sceptre of righteousness is the sceptre of thy kingdom; Thou 
hast loved righteousness, and hated iniquity ; therefore God, 
even thy God, hath anointed thee with the oil of gladness 
above thy fellows. Heb. 1: 5 — 9. 

Absalom, David's son, forming a conspiracy against him> 
causeth David to fly from Jerusalem to the mountains, with 
the priests and the ark. David sends back the priests with 
the ark to Jerusalem ; through the instrumentality of whom 
he defeats the counsel of Ahithophel and Absalom, and Ab- 
salom is slain. This symbolizes the victories of Christ 
through the ministry of the gospel. 

Symbols. Andlo, Zadock also, and all the Levites with 
him, bearing the Ark of the covenant of God: and they set 
down the ark of God ; and Abiather went up, until all the 
people had done passing out of the city. And the king said 
unto Zadock, Carry back the ark of God into the city : if I 
shall find favor in the eyes of the Lord, he will bring me 
again, and shew me both it, and his habitation : But if he 
thus say, I have no delight in thee ; behold, here am I, let 
him do to me as seemeth good unto him. The king said also 
unto Zadock the priest, Art not thou a seer ? return into the 
city in peace, and your two sons with you, Ahimaas thy son, 
and Jonathan the son of Abiathar. See, I will tarry in the 
plain of the wilderness, until there come word from you to 
certify me. Zadock therefore and Abiathar carried the ark 
of God again to Jerusalem: and. they tarried there. And 
David went up by the ascent of mount Olivet, and wept as 
he went up, and had his head covered, and he went barefoot: 
and all the people that was with him covered every man his 
head, and they went up, weeping as they went up. And one 
told David, saying, Ahithophel is among the conspirators 
with Absalom. And David said, Lord, I pray thee, turn 
the counsel of Ahithophel into foolishness. 2 Samuel 15: 
24—31. 

Substantive. But I Say unto you, That it shall be more 
tolerable in that day for Sodom than for that city. Wo unto 
thee, Chorazin ! wo unto thee, Bethsaida! for if the mighty 



298 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

works had been done in Tyre and Sidon, which have been 
done in you, they had a great while ago repented, sitting in 
sackcloth and ashes. But it shall be more tolerable for 
Tyre and Sidon at the judgment, than for you. And thou, 
Capernaum, which art exalted to heaven, shalt be thrust 
down to hell. He that heareth you, heareth me ; and he 
that despiseth, you, despiseth me ; and he that despiseth me, 
despiseth him that sent me. And the seventy returned again 
with joy, saying, Lord, even the devils are subject unto us 
through thy name. And he Said unto them, I beheld Satan 
as lightning fall from heaven. Behold, I give unto you power 
to tread on serpents and scorpions, and over all the power of 
the enemy: and nothing shall by any means hurt you. Not- 
withstanding, in this rejoice not, that the spirits are subject 
unto you ; but rather rejoice, because your names are writ- 
ten in heaven. Luke 10: 12 — 20. 

Hushai, David's agent at the court of Absalom, persuadeth 
Absalom to refuse the wise counsel of Ahithophel and to 
adopt that which brought his conspiracy and himself to utter 
ruin and death, and restored David to the throne of Israel. — 
This symbolizes God's Providence in thwarting the machina- 
tions of the wicked and turning their wisdom to foolishness, 
and to their own destruction. 

Symbols. And Hushai said unto Absalom, The counsel 
that Ahithophel hath given is not good at this time. For, 
said Hushai, thou knowest thy father and his men, that they 
be mighty men, and they be chafed in their minds, as a bear 
robbed of her whelps in the field: and thy father is a man of 
war, and will not lodge with the people. Behold, he is hid 
now in some pit, or in some other place: and it will come to 
pass, when some of them be overthrown at the first, that who- 
soever heareth it will say, There is slaughter among the 
people that follow Absalom. And he also that is valiant, 
whose heart is as the heart of a lion, shall utterly melt: for 
all Israel knoweth that thy father is a mighty man, and they 
which be with him are valiant men. Therefore I counsel 
that all Israel be generally gathered unto thee, from Dan 
even to Beer-sheba, as the sand that is by the sea for multi- 



DAVID AND ABIATHER TYPES OF CHRIST. 299 

tude ; and that thou go to battle in thine own person. So 
shall we come upon him in some place where he shall be found, 
and we will light upon him as the dew fallcth on the ground: 
and of him and of all the men that are with him there shall 
not be left so much as oue. Moreover, if he be gotten into a 
city, then shall all Israel bring ropes to that city, and we 
will draw it into the river, until there be not one small stone 
found there. And Absalom and all the men of Israel said 
The counsel of Hushai the Archite is better than the counsel 
of Ahithophel. For the Lord had appointed to defeat the 
good counsel of Ahithophel, to the intent that the Lord might 
bring evil upon Absalom. 2 Samuel 17: 7 — 14. 

Substantive. And so all Israel shall be saved: as it is 
written, There shall come out of Zion the Deliverer, and shall 
turn away ungodliness from Jacob: For this is my Covenant 
unto them when I shall take away their sins. As concerning 
the gospel, they are enemies for your sakes: but as touching 
the election, they are beloved for the fathers' sakes. For the 
gifts and calling of God are without repentance. For as ye 
in times past have not believed God, yet have now obtained 
merey through their unbelief ; Even so have these also now 
not believed, that through your mercy they also may obtain 
mercy. For God hath concluded them all in unbelief, that 
he might have mercy upon all. the depth of the riches both 
of the wisdom and knowledge of God! how unsearchable are 
his judgments, and his ways past finding out ! For who hath 
known the mind of the Lord? or who hath been his counsel- 
lor ? Or who hath first given to him, and it shall be recom- 
pensed unto him again ? For of him, and through him, and 
to him are all things: to whom be glory for ever. Amen. — 
Romans 11: 26—36. 

Justice overtakes Absalom, r and he is slain by Joab, while 
hanging in an oak by the hair of his head. This symbolizes 
Christ's victory over his enemies, and his exaltation. 

Symbols. So the people went out into the field against 
Israel: and the battle was in the wood of Ephraim ; Where 
the people of Israel were slain before the servants of David, 
and there was there a great slaughter that day of twenty 



300 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

thousand men. For the battle was there scattered over the 
face of all the country: and the wood devoured more people 
that day than the sword devoured. And Absalom met the 
servants of David. And Absalom rode upon a mule, and the 
mule went under the thick boughs of a great oak, and his 
head caught hold of the oak, and he was taken up between 
the heaven and the earth ; and the mule that was under him 
went away. And a certain man saw it, and told Joab, and 
said, Behold, I saw Absalom hanged in an oak. And Joab 
said unto the man that told him, And behold, thou sawest 
him, and why didst thou not smite him there to the ground ? 
and I would have given thee ten shekels of silver and a gir- 
dle. And the man said unto Joab, Though I should receive 
a thousand shekels of silver in mine hand, yet would I not 
put forth mine hand against the king's son: for in our hear- 
ing the king charged thee and Abishai and Ittai, saying, Be- 
ware that none touch the young man Absalom. Otherwise I 
should have wrought falsehood against mine own life: for 
there is no matter hid from the king, and thou thyself would- 
est have set thyself against me. Then said Joab, I may not 
tarry thus with thee. And he took three darts in his hand, 
and thrust them through the heart of Absalom, while he was 
yet alive in the midst of the oak. And ten young men that 
bare Joab's armor compassed about and smote Absalom, and 
slew him. And Joab blew the trumpet, and the people re- 
turned from pursuing after Israel: for Joab held back the 
people. And they took Absalom, and cast him into a great 
pit in the wood, and laid a very great heap of stones upon 
him: and all Israel fled every one to his tent. 2 Samuel 18: 
6— IT. 

Substantive. But those mine enemies, which would not 
that I should reign over them, bring hither, and slay them 
before me. And when he had thus Spoken, he went before, 
ascending up to Jerusalem. And it came to pass, when he 
was come nigh to Bethphage and Bethany, at the mount call- 
ed the mount of Olives, he sent two of his disciples, Saying, 
Go ye into the village over against you : in the which at 
your entering ye shall find a colt tied, whereon yet never 



DAVID AND ABIATHER TYPES OF CHRIST. 301 

man sat: loose him, and bring him hither. And if any man 
ask yon, Why do ye loose him? thus shall ye say unto him, 
Because the Lord hath need of him. And they that were 
sent went their way, and found even as he had said unto 
them. And as they were loosing the colt, the owners thereof 
said unto them, Why loose ye the colt? And they said, The 
Lord hath need of him. And they brought him to Jesus: 
and they cast their garments upon the colt, and they set Jesus 
thereon. And as he went, they spread their clothes in the 
way. And when he was come nigh, even now at the descent 
of the mount of Olives, the whole multitude of the disciples 
began to rejoice and praise God with a loud voice, for all the 
mighty works that they had seen ; Saying, Blessed be the 
King that cometh in the name of the Lord: Peace in heaven, 
and glory in the highest. Luke 19: 27 — 38. 

In another war with the Philistines, David's men slew 
giants, and David triumphed over the enemies of Israel. — 
This again symbolizes Christ's victories over the most pow- 
erful of his foes. 

Symbols. Moreover, the Philistines had yet war again 
with Israel ; and David went down, and his servants with 
him, and fought against the Philistines: and David waxed 
faint. And Ishbi-benob, which was of the sons of the giant, 
the weight of whose spear weighed three hundred shekels of 
brass in weight, he being girded with a new sword, thought 
to have slain David. But Abishai the son of Zeruiah succor- 
ed him, and smote the Philistine, and killed him. Then the 
men of David sware unto him, saying, Thou shalt go no more 
out with us to battle, that thou quench not the light of Israel. 
And it came to pass after this, that there was again a battle 
with the Philistines at Gob: then Sibbechai the Hushathite 
slew Saph, which was the son of the giant. And there was 
again a battle in Gob with the Philistines, where Elhanan 
the son of Jaare-oregim, a Beth-lehemite, slew the brother of 
Goliath the Gittite, the staff of whose spear was like a wea- 
ver's beam. And there was yet a battle in Gath, where was 
a man of great stature, that had on every hand six lingers, 
and on every foot six toes, four and twenty in number ; and 



302 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

he also was born to the giant. And when he defied Israel, 
Jonathan the son of Shimeah the brother of David slew him. 

These four were born to the giant in Gath, and fell by the 
hand of David, and by the hand of his servants. 2 Samuel 
21: 15—22. 

Substantive. These words Spake Jesus, and lifted up his 
eyes to heaven, and Said, Father, the hour is come ; glorify 
thy Son, that thy Son also may glorify thee: As thou hast 
given him power over all flesh, that he should give eternal life 
to as many as thou hast given him. And this is life eternal, 
that they might know the only true God, and Jesus Christ 
whom thou hast sent. I have glorified thee on the earth: I 
have finished the work which thou gavest me to do. And 
now, O Father, glorify thou me with thine own self, with the 
glory which I had with thee before the world was. I have 
manifested thy name unto the men which thou gavest me out 
of the world: thine they were, and thou gavest them me ; and 
they have kept thy word. Now they have known that all 
things whatsoever thou hast given me are of thee: For I 
have given unto them the words which thou gavest me ; and 
they have received them, and have known surely that I came 
out from thee, and they have believed that thou didst send 
me. John 17: 1—8. 

David's song of thanksgiving for God's manifold blessings 
and deliverance which he had experienced. This symbolizes 
Christ's rejoicing in Spirit for the outpouring of the Spirit 
of the Father and its abundant fruits in the enlightening in- 
fluences thereof. 

Symbols. And David spake unto the Lord the words of 
this song in the day that the Lord had delivered him out of 
the hand of all his enemies, and out of the hand of Saul : 
And he said, The Lord is my rock, and my fortress, and my 
deliverer: The God of my rock: in him will I trust: he is 
my shield, and the horn of my salvation, my high tower and 
my refuge, my savior: thou savest me from violence. I will 
call on the Lord, who is worthy to be praised: so shall I be 
saved from mine enemies. When the waves of death com- 
passed me, the floods of ungodlv men made me afraid: The 



DAVID AND ABIATHER TYPES OF CHRIST. 303 

sorrows of bell compassed me about: The snares of death 
prevented me; In my distress I called upon the Lord, and 
cried to my God: and he did hear my voice out of his temple, 
and my cry did enter into bis ears. Then the 'earth shook 
and trembled: the foundations of heaven moved and shook, 
because he was wroth. There went up a smoke out of his 
nostrils, and fire out of his mouth devoured: coals were kin- 
dled by it, &c. 2 Sam. 22: 1—9. 

Substantive. In that hour Jesus rejoiced in Spirit, and 
said, I thank thee, Father, Lord of heaven and earth, that 
thou hast hid these things from the wise and prudent, and hast 
revealed them unto babes: even so, Father; for so it seemed 
good in thy sight. All things are delivered to me of my Father; 
and no man knoweth who the Son is, but the Father; and who 
the Father is, but the Son, and he to whom the Son will reveal 
him. And he turned him unto his disciples, and said privately, 
Blessed are the eyes which see the things that ye see. For I tell 
you, that many prophets and kings have desired to see those 
things which ye see, and have not seen them; and to hear the 
things which ye hear, and have not heard them. Luke 10: 
21—24. 

David's last prophetic song, in which he professeth his faith 
in God's promises to be beyond expression. This symbolizes 
Christ's confidence of being heard by the Father, and his final 
exaltation. 

Type. Now these be the last words of David. David the 
son of Jesse said, and the man who was raised up on high, 
the anointed of the God of Jacob, and the sweet psalmist of 
Israel, said, The Spirit of the Lord spake by me, and his 
Word was in my tongue. The God of Israel said, the Rock 
of Israel spake to me, He that ruleth over men must be just, 
ruling in the fear of God. And he shall be as the light of 
the morning when the sun riseth, even a morning without 
clouds: as the tender grass springing out of the earth by 
clear shining after rain. Although my house be not so with 
God: yet he hath made with me an everlasting covenant, or- 
dered in all things, and sure: for this is all my salvation, and 
all my desire, although he make it not to grow. 2 Sam. 23: 
1—5. 



304 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

Antitype. And now, Father, glorify thou me with thine 
own self, with the glory which I had with thee before the 
world was. I have manifested thy name unto the men which 
thou gavest me out of the world: thine they were, and thou 
gavest them me: and they have kept thy word. Now they 
have known that all things whatsoever thou hast given me 
are of thee: For I have given unto them the words which thou 
gavest me; and they have received them, and have known 
surely that I came out from thee, and they have believed that 
thou didst send me. I pray for them: I pray not the world? 
but for them which thou hast given me; for they are thine. 
And all mine are thine, and thine are mine: and I am glori- 
fied in them. John 17: 5 — 10. 

On the first verse of the above section, it may be necessary 
to give an explanation, though it has been done virtually sev- 
eral times already. The verse reads thus, "And now, Fa- 
ther, glorify thou me with thine own self, with the glory 
which I had with thee before the world was." Say some, Does 
not this prove the eternity of the Sonship of Christ? We an- 
swer. Nothing can prove that the Scriptures contradict them- 
selves, or contradict right reason, both of which will have to 
be done before the eternity of the Sonship can be proved. — 
How then are we to harmonise this passage of Scripture with 
those which testify beyond all controversy as has been abun- 
dantly shown that Jesus the Son of Mary was begotten: was 
made of a woman? 

There are two modes by which this difficulty may be solv- 
ed. 1. The Holy Ghost, which dwelt in the Son, might have 
Spoken to the Father, from whom he proceeded; for David in 
the above brace says, The Spirit Spake unto him, equally with 
the Word&nd the Father, and indeed, it is always the Spirit of 
God which Speaks and acts. The Spirit then Spake unto the 
Father, from whom he proceeded that He might be glorified 
with the glory which He had with the Father, before the world 
was, and before he was incarnated in the Son, and became a 
Servant. Or, 2. The words may be understood of the glory 
of the Son, which God had in anticipation, before he was a 
Father; for, the Son, his Mediatorial office and his crucifixion, 



DAVID AND ABIATHER TYPES OF CHRIST. 305 

and resurrection, were, in the Divine Mind, from Eternity. 

David causeth Solomon his son to be anointed and pro- 
claimed king of Israel and Judah. This symbolizes Christ 
as king, and the anointing Christ confers on his people by 
the Holy Ghost, by the which they are made kings and 
priests unto God the Father. 

Symbols, Then king David answered and said, Call me 
Bath-sheba. And she came into the king's presence, and 
stood before the king. And the king sware, and said, As the 
Lord liveth, that hath redeemed my soul out of all distress, 
Even as I sware unto thee by the Lord God of Israel, saying, 
Assuredly Solomon thy son shall reign after me, and he shall 
sit upon my throne in my stead; even so will I certainly do 
this day. Then Bath-sheba bowed with her face to the earth, 
and did reverence to the king, and said, Let my lord king 
David live for ever. And king David said, Call me Zadock 
the priest, and Nathan the prophet, and Benaiah the son of 
Jehoiada. And they came before the king. The king also 
said unto them, Take with you the servants of your lord, and 
cause Solomon my son to ride upon mine own mule, and bring 
him down to Gihon: And let Zadock the priest and Nathan 
the prophet anoint him there king over Israel: and blow ye 
with the trumpet, and say, God save king Solomon. Then 
ye shall come up after him, that he may come and sit upon 
my throne: for he shall be king in my stead: and I have ap- 
pointed him to be ruler over Israel and over Judah. And 
Benaiah the son of Jehoiada answered the king, and said, 
Arnen: the Lord God of my lord the king say so too. As 
the Lord hath been with my lord the king, even so be he with 
Solomon, and make his throne greater than the throne of my 
lord king David. So Zadok the priest, and Nathan the proph- 
et, and Benaiah the son of Jehoiada, and the Cherethites, and 
the Pelethites, went down, and caused Solomon to ride upon 
king David's mule, and brought him to Gihon. And Zadok 
the priest took an horn of oil out of the tabernacle, and 
anointed Solomon. And they blew the trumpet; and all the 
people said, God save king Solomon. And all the people 
came up after him, and the people piped with pipes, and re- 

20 



306 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

joiced with great joy, so that the earth rent with the sound 
of them. 1 Kings 1: 28—40. 

Substantive. And I saw in the right hand of him that 
sat on the throne a book written within and on the back side, 
sealed with seven seals. And I saw a strong angel proclaim- 
ing with a loud voice, Who is worthy to open the book, and 
to loose the seals thereof? And no man in heaven, nor in 
earth, neither under the earth, was able to open the book, 
neither to look thereon. And I wept much, because no man 
was found worthy to open, and to read the book, neither to 
look thereon. And one of the elders saith unto me, Weep 
not: behold the Lion of the tribe of Juda, the Root of David, 
hath prevailed to open the book, and to loose the seven seals 
thereof. And I beheld, and lo, in the midst of the throne, 
and of the four beasts, and in the midst of the elders, stood 
a Lamb as it had been slain, having seven horns, and seven 
eyes, which are the seven Spirits of God sent forth into all 
the earth. And he came and took the book out of the right 
hand of him that sat upon the throne. And when he had ta- 
ken the book, the four beasts, and four and twenty elders fell 
down before the Lamb, having every one of them harps, and 
golden vials full of odors, which are the prayers of saints. 
And they sung a new song, saying, Thou art worthy to take 
the book, and to open the seals thereof: for thou wast slain, 
and hast redeemed us to God by thy blood out of every kin- 
dred, and tongue, and people, and nation: And hast made 
us unto our God kings and priests: and we shall reign on the 
earth. Rev. 5: 1—10. 

David, aware of his life's drawing to a close, gives his last 
charge to Solomon and dies. This symbolizes the charge of 
Christ to his apostles before his ascension. 

Symbols. Now the days of David drew nigh that he 
should die; and he charged Solomon his son, saying, I go the 
way of all the earth: be thou strong therefore, and shew thy- 
self a man: And keep the charge of the Lord thy God, to 
walk in his ways, to keep his statutes, and his commandments, 
and his judgments, and his testimonies, as it is written in the 
law of Moses, that thou mayest prosper in all that thou doest, 



DAVID AND ABIATHER TYPES OF CHRIST. 307 

and whithersoever thou turnest thyself. That the Lord may 
continue his word which he spake concerning me, saying, If 
thy children take heed to their way, to walk before me in 
truth, with all their heart, and with all their soul, there shall 
not fail thee (said he) a man on the throne of Israel. More- 
over, thou knowest also what Joab the son of Zeruiah did to 
me, and what he did to the two captains of the hosts of Isra- 
el, unto Abner the son of Ner, and unto Amasa the son of 
Jether, whom he slew, and shed the blood of war in peace, 
and put the blood of war upon his girdle that was about his 
loins, and in his shoes that were on his feet. Do therefore 
according to thy wisdom, and let not his hoar head go down 
to the grave in peace. But shew kindness unto the sons of 
Barzillai the Gileadite, and let them be of those that eat at 
thy table: for so they came to me when I fled because of Ab- 
salom thy brother. And behold, thou hast with thee Shimei 
the son of Gera, a Benjamite of Bahurim, which cursed me 
with a grievous curse in the day when I went to Mahanaim; 
but he came down to meet me at Jordan, and I sware to him 
by the Lord, saying, I will not put thee to death with the 
sword. Now therefore hold him not guiltless: for thou art a 
wise man, and knowest what thou oughtest to do unto him; 
but his hoar head bring down to the grave with blood. So 
David slept with his fathers, and was buried in the city of 
David. 1 Kings 2: 1—11. 

Substantive. And he said unto them, These are the 
words which I spake unto you, while I was yet with you, that 
all things must be fulfilled which were written in the law of 
Moses, and in the prophets, and in the psalms, concerning me. 
Then opened he their understanding, that they might under- 
stand the scriptures, And Said unto them, Thus it is written, 
and thus it behooved Christ, to rise from the dead the third 
day: And that repentance and remission of sins should be 
preached in his name among all nations, beginning at Jerusa- 
lem. And ye are witnesses of these things. And behold, I send 
the promise of my Father unto you: but tarry ye in the city of Je- 
rusalem, until ye be endued with power from on high. And 
he led them out as far as to Bethany: and he lifted up his 



308 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

hands, and blessed them. And it came to pass, while he 
blessed them, he was parted from them, and carried up into 
heaven. And they worshipped him, and returned to Jerusa- 
lem with great joy. And were continually in the temple, prais- 
ing and blessing God. Amen. Luke 24: 44 — 53. 

Thus we conclude the reign of David as a type of Christ, 
who justly stands in the front rank of those remarkable and 
world renowned men, who, through much tribulation, enter 
into the kingdom of God. David, the son of Jesse and tribe 
of Judah, was born 1081 years before Christ, and died at the 
age of 66 years, before Christ 1015. He was a man of vari- 
ous fortune and severe experience, and was instrumental un- 
der God of effecting much for the Jewish church and people. 
He came to the throne of Israel in troublous and perilous 
times, when through the mismanagement and wickedness of 
Saul, Israel had been defeated and driven before his enemies, 
and reduced to a servile and degraded condition. From a 
shepherd boy upon the mountains of Judea, he distinguished 
himself by many daring and noble exploits of bravery until 
he ascended the throne of Israel, and finally swayed the scep- 
tre over all the country promised to his fathers. His slaying 
of the giant Goliath, when but a youth, and thus putting to 
flight the Philistine army and reviving the drooping courage 
of his people, stands out upon the page of history as one of 
the greatest achievements in the annals of warfare: and the 
many victories he won in the progress of his reign combine 
to number him among the most skillful, active, and greatest 
warriors of ancient or modern times. He received three 
anointments as king, at different periods of time by the same 
prophet, Samuel. 1. In his fathers house, at Bethlehem. 2. 
At Hebron, over the tribe of Judah; and 3. At the same 
place, over all Israel and Judah. 

If we consider him as a statesman, he loses nothing in com- 
parison with the ablest of ancient or modern times; with a mind 
at once comprehensive and minute, he grasped the circumfer- 
ence of kingdoms with the most accurate minutiae of their 
details; he anticipated the stratagems of his enemies, and 
martialed and manoevured his armies to meet them; he grap- 



DAVID AND ABIATHER TYPES OF CHRIST. 309 

pled with them in the strength of the lion and the courage of 
a hero, until he overcame and subdued them: they either fled 
before him into the wilderness and were scattered upon the 
mountains, or were led as vassals at his chariot wheels. The 
interests and happiness of his people lay near his heart, and 
it was his one business and pleasure to promote them. 

As a philosopher, the natural cast of his mind and his large 
stock of hard earned experience, gave him the advantage of 
any man of the age in which he lived ; there was nothing in 
physics or morals, with which he was not acquainted ; with 
equal facility he ploughed the depths of earth and of ocean : 
investigated the phcnomina of vegetation and animal exist- 
ences, and brought their natures and their laws into requisi- 
tion, in effecting the interests and welfare of his people, and 
made them subserve his grand designs in the promotion of 
the grandeur and glory of his kingdom. 

As a poet, David justly stands in the front rank of those 
towering imaginations, who have exhausted the materials of 
the universe in their sublime descriptions of the great God ; 
the workmanship of his hand ; the wisdom of his creation ; 
the mysteries of his providence ; and the wonders of his 
goodness and mercy in Redemption. The harmony, the melo- 
dy, and the deep and heart-felt piety of Israel's sweet song- 
ster, have ever been esteemed as the glory of the Church, 
and the spiritual food which has been the life of the saints, 
and the support of the martyrs in the hour of expiring nature; 
and shall dwell upon the tongues and comfort the hearts of 
God's people, until 'Jerusalem shall go forth as brightness, 
and salvation as a lamp that burnetii.' 

Happy for David's character, and happy for the church and 
the world would it be, did this fair escutcheon stand untar- 
nished. But alas ! alas ! Truth and Justice require us to 
record the abomiable crimes of adultery and murder, of which 
David was guilty ! and however much our charity may incline 
us to throw over these crimes the vail of charity ; they stand 
out prominent upon the page of Truth, and we can only de- 
plore what can never be effaced. We will rejoice in the 
efficacy of that grace through the blood of David's Antitype 



310 EXPOSITION OF THE TEINITIES. 

■which can pardon, and did pardon what can never be forgot- 
ten. 

'So David slept with his fathers, and was buried in the city 
of David. And the days that David reigned over Israel were 
forty years ; seven years reigned he in Hebron, and thirty 
and three years reigned he in Jerusalem. 7 



CHAPTER II. 

OF THE EEIGN OF SOLOMON, AS A TYPE OF CHEIST. 

Solomon having been anointed king of Israel by order of 
David his father, and seated upon the throne; the Lord appears 
to him in a dream and makes with him a covenant and pre- 
pares him by the Spirit of Wisdom, for the important duties 
which lay before him. This was emblimatical of the fullness 
of the Spirit which dwelt in Christ. 

Emblem. In Gibeon the Lord appeared to Solomon in a 
dream by night: and God Said, Ask what I shall give thee. 
And Solomon said, Thou hast shewed unto thy servant David 
my father great mercy, according as he walked before thee 
in truth, and in righteousness, and in uprightness in heart with 
thee ; and thou hast given him a son to sit on his throne, as 
it is this day. And now, Lord my God, thou hast made 
thy servant king instead of David my father: and I am but a 
little child: I know not how to go out or come in. And thy 
servant is in the midst of thy people which thou hast chosen, 
a great people, that cannot be numbered nor counted for mul- 
titude. Give therefere thy servant an understanding heart 
to judge thy people, that I may discern between good and 
bad: for who is able to judge this thy so great a people? — 
And the speech pleased the Lord, that Solomon had asked 



SOLOMON A TYPE OF CHRIST. 311 

this thing. And God Said unto him, Because thou hast asked 
this thing, and hast not asked for thyself long life ; neither 
hast asked riches for thyself, nor hast asked the life of thine 
enemies: but hast asked for thyself understanding to discern 
judgment. Behold, I have done according to thy word: lo, 
I have given thee a wise and an understanding heart ; so that 
there was none like thee before thee, neither after thee shall 
any arise like unto thee. And I have also given thee that 
which thou hast not asked, both riches and honor: so that 
there shall not be any among the kings like unto thee all thy 
days. And if thou wilt walk in my ways, to keep my stat- 
utes and my commandments, as thy father David did walk, 
then I will lengthen thy days. And Solomon awoke ; and 
behold, it was a dream. And he came to Jerusalem, and 
stood before the Ark of the Covenant of the Lord, and offer- 
ed up burnt-offerings, and offered peace-offerings, and made a 
feast to all his servants. 1 Kings 3: 5 — 15. 

In the above Covenant made between the Father and Solo- 
mon in behalf of Israel, we discover, as always, a two-fold 
Trinity. 1. The Spiritual Trinity in Creation and Legisla- 
tion, in these words : 'And God Said unto him' ; here we dis- 
cover the Father who Spake, and the Holy Ghost as always 
through which he Spake; hence here are the Father, the 
Word, and the Holy Ghost appointing and constituting Solo- 
mon mediator between the Father and the Israelites, in whom 
they dwell in a measure of the Spirit, and through whom the 
spiritual and temproal concerns of the Israelitish nation are 
conducted : and hence, 2. The Father, Solomon } and the Holy 
Ghost are a Compound, Executive, Typical Trinity, in Re- 
demption : the Holy Ghost the Agent, operating through Solo- 
mon, throughout his Administration, or that part of his Ad- 
ministration in which he was faithful to the Covenant ; for 
be it always remembered that the three Persons in the Typi- 
cal and Antitypical Trinities, must agree and harmonize in 
character and purposes ; and whenever the mediator violates 
the conditions of the covenant he is dismissed, by the Father 
and the Holy Ghost, through the Word. 

The substantive to the first section of this brace may be 



312 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

found in the following part of the history of our Savior*: 

Substantive. The next day John seeth Jesus coming unto 
him, and saith, Behold the Lamb of God, which taketh away 
the sin of the world ! This is he of whom I said, After me 
cometh a man which is preferred before me ; for he was before 
me. And I knew him not: but that he should be made mani- 
fest to Israel, therefore am I come baptizing with water. — 
And John bare record, saying, I saw the Spirit descending 
from heaven like a dove, and it abode upon him. And I knew 
him not: but he that sent me to baptize with water, the same 
Said unto me, Upon whom thou shalt see the Spirit descend- 
ing and remaining on him, the same is he which baptiseth 
with the Holy Ghost. And I saw and bare record, that this 
is the Son of God. John 1: 29—34. 

The counterpart of the ratification of the covenant which 
Solomon performed by the offering up of burnt-offerings and 
peace-offerings, before the ark of the Lord, is found in the 
offering up of Christ's human body through the eternal Spirit t 
to make atonement to the Father for the sin of the world. 

Solomon's extensive and peaceable kingdom symbolized the 
peaceable Kingdom of Christ under the reign of grace, in the 
latter day glory. 

Symbols. Judah and Israel were many, as the sand which 
is by the sea in multitude, eating and drinking, and making 
merry. And Solomon reigned over all kingdoms from the 
river unto the land of the Philistines, and unto the border of 
Egypt: they brought presents, and served Solomon all the 
days of his life. And Solomon's provision for one day was 
thirty measures of fine flour, and three-score measures of meal. 
Ten fat oxen, and twenty oxen out of the pastures, and an 
hundred sheep, besides harts, and roe-bucks, and fallow-deer, 
and fatted fowl. For he had dominion over all the region 
on this side the river, from Tiphsah even to Azzah, over all 
the kings on this side the river: and he had peace on all sides 
round about him. And Judah and Israel dwelt safely, every 
man under his vine and under his fig-tree, from Dan even to 
Beer-sheba, all the days of Solomon. 1 Kings 4: 20 — 25. 

Substantive. The people that walked in darkness have 



SOLOMON A TYPE OF CHRIST. 313 

seen a great light: they that dwell in the land of the shadow 
of death, upon them hath the light shined. Thou hast multi- 
plied the nation, and not increased the joy: they joy before 
thee according to the joy in harvest, and as men rejoice when 
they divide the spoil. For thou hast broken the yoke of his 
burden, and the staff of his shoulder, the rod of his oppressor, 
as in the day of Midian. For every battle of the warrior is 
with confused noise, and garments rolled in blood ; but this 
shall be with burning and fuel of fire. For unto us a child 
is born, unto us a son is given: and the government shall be 
upon his shoulder: and his name shall be called Wonderful, 
Counsellor, The Mighty God, The everlasting Father, The 
Prince of Peace. Of the increase of his government and peace 
there shall be no end, upon the throne of David, and upon his 
kingdom, to order it, and to establish it with judgment and 
with justice from henceforth even jor ever. The zeal of the 
Lord of hosts will perform this. Isaiah 9: 2 — 7. 

God renews the covenant to bless Solomon on condition of 
his obedience and integrity to its conditions ; and Solomon 
according to instructions, proceeds in building of the Temple. 
The Temple a type of Christ, and of the house not made with 
hands, eternal in the heavens. 

Emblem. And the Word of the Lord came to Solomon, 
Saying, Concerning this house which thou art in building, if 
thou wilt walk in my statutes, and execute my judgments, 
and keep all my commandments to walk in them ; then will 
I perform my Word with thee, which I spake unto David thy 
father: And I will dwell among the children of Israel, and 
will not forsake my people Israel. So Solomon built the 
house, and finished it. And he built the walls of the house 
within with boards of cedar, both the floor of the house, and 
the walls of the ceiling: and he covered them on the inside 
with wood, and covered the floor of the house with planks of 
fir. And he built twenty cubits on the sides of the house, 
both the floor and the walls with boards of cedar: he even 
built them for it within, even for the oracle, even for the 
most holy place. And the house, that is, the temple before 
it, was forty cubits long. And the cedar of the house within 



314 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

was carved with knops and open flowers: all was cedar ; 
there was no stone seen. And the oracle he prepared in the 
house within, to set there the ark of the covenant of the Lord. 
And the oracle in the forepart was twenty cubits in length, 
and twenty cubits in breadth, and twenty cubits in the height 
thereof: and he overlaid it with pure gold ; and so covered 
the altar which was of cedar. So Solomon overlaid the house 
within with pure gold: and he made a partition by the chains 
of gold before the oracle ; and he overlaid it with gold. And 
the whole house he overlaid with gold, until he had finished all 
the house: also the whole altar that was by the oracle he 
overlaid with gold. 1 Kings 6: 11 — 22. 

Substantive. And there came unto me one of the seven 
angels, which had the seven vials full of the seven last plagues, 
and talked with me, saying, Come hither, I will shew thee 
the bride, the LamUs wife. And he carried me away in the 
Spirit to a great and high mountain, and shewed me that 
great city, the holy Jerusalem, descending out of heaven from 
God. Having the glory of God: and her light was like unto 
a stone most precious, even like a jasper-stone, clear as crys- 
tal ; And had a wall great and high, and had twelve gates, 
and at the gates twelve angels, and names written thereon, 
which are the names of the twelve tribes of the children of 
Israel. On the east, three gates ; on the north, three gates ; 
on the south, three gates ; and on the west, three gates. — 
And the wall of the city had twelve foundations, and in them 
the names of the twelve apostles of the Lamb. And he that 
talked with me, had a golden read to measure the city, and 
the gates thereof, and the wall thereof. And the city lieth 
four square, and the length is as large as the breadth: and 
he measured the city with the reed, twelve thousand furlongs. 
The length, and the breadth, and the height of it are equal. 
And he measured the wall thereof, an hundred and forty and 
four cubits, according to the measurement of a man, that is, 
of the angel. And the building of the wall of it was of jas- 
per: and the city was pure gold, like unto clear glass. And 
the foundations of the wall of the city were garnished with 
all manner of precious stones. The first foundation wasjas- 



SOLOMON A TYPE OF CHRIST. 315 

per ; the second, sapphire ; the third, a chalcedony ; the 
fourth, an emerald ; The fifth, sardonyx ; the sixth, sardius ; 
the seventh, chrysolite ; the eighth, beryl : the ninth, a topaz ; 
the tenth, a chrysoprasus ; the eleventh, a jacinth ; the twelfth, 
an amethyst. And the twelve gates were twelve pearls ; 
every several gate was of one pearl ; and the street of the 
city was pure gold, as it were transparent glass. And I saw 
no temple therein: for the Lord God Almighty and the Lamb 
are the temple of it. And the city had no need of the sun, 
neither of the moon, to shine in it, for the glory of God did 
lighten it, and the Lamb is the light thereof. And the nations 
of them which are saved shall walk in the light of it: and the 
kings of the earth do bring their glory and honor into it. And 
the gates of it shall not be shut at all by day: for there shall 
be no night there. And they shall bring the glory and 
honor of the nations into it. And there shall in no wise 
enter into it any thing that defileth, neither whatsoever work- 
eth abomination, or maketh a lie ; but they which are writ- 
ten in the Lamb's book of life. Eev. 21: 9 — 27. 

Solomon having finished the Temple assembles the elders 
of Israel, the heads of the tribes, and all the men of Israel, 
and solemnly dedicates the magnificent structure to the God 
of Israel. This prayer an emblem of the prayer of Christ 
for his people. 

Emblem. And Solomon stood before the altar of the Lord 
in the presence of all the congregation of Israel, and spread 
forth his hands toward heaven: And he said, Lord God of 
Israel, there is no God like thee, in heaven above, or on earth 
beneath, who keepest covenant and mercy with thy servants 
that walk before thee with all their heart: Who hast kept 
with thy servant David my father that thou hast promisedst 
him: thou spakest also with thy mouth, and hast fulfilled it 
with thine hand, as it is this day. Therefore now, Lord God 
of Israel, keep with thy servant David my father that thou 
promisedst him, saying, There shall not fail thee a man in 
my sight to sit on the throne of Israel: so that thy children 
take heed to their way, that they walk before me as thou hast 
walked before me. And now, God of Israel, let thy Word, 



316 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

I pray thee, be verified, which thou spakest unto thy servant 
David my father. But will God indeed dwell on the earth? 
behold the heaven and heaven of heavens cannot contain thee: 
how much less this house that I have builded? Yet have thou 
respect unto the prayer of thy servant, and to his supplica- 
tion, Lord my G-od, to hearken unto the cry and to the 
prayer, which thy servant prayeth before thee to-day: That 
thine eyes may be open toward this house night and day, even 
toward the place of which thou hast said, My name shall be 
there: that thou mayest hearken unto the prayer which thy 
servant shall make toward this place. And hearken thou to 
the supplication of thy servant, and of thy people Israel, when 
they shall pray toward this place: and hear thou in heaven 
thy dwelling-place: and when thouhearest, forgive. 1 Kings 
8: 22—30. 

Substantive. These words Spake Jesus and lifted up his 
eyes to heaven, and Said, Father, the hour is come: glorify 
thy Son, that thy Son may also glorify thee: As thou hast 
given him power over all flesh, that he should give eternal 
life to as many as thou hast given him. And this is life eter- 
nal, that they might know thee the only true God, and Jesus 
Christ whom thou hast sent. I have glorified thee on earth: 
I have finished the work which thou gavest me to do. And 
now, Father, glorify thou me with thine own self, with the 
glory which I had with thee before the world was. I have 
manifested thy name unto the men which thou gavest me out 
of the world: thine they were, and thou gavest them me; and 
they have kept thy Word. Now they have known that all 
things whatsoever thou hast given me are of thee: For I have 
given unto them the words which thou gavest me: and they 
have received them, and have known surely that I came out 
from thee, and they have believed thai thou didst send me. I 
pray for them: I pray not for the world, but for them which 
thou hast given me: for they are thine. And all mine are 
thine, and thine are mine: and I am glorified in them. John 
17: 1—10. 

The Lord appears to Solomon the second time and renews 
the Covenant with him, and through him as mediator to Is- 



SOLOMON A TYPE OF CHRIST. 317 

rael; wherein he promises prosperity and happiness upon the 
condition of obedience; but threatens wrath, destruction and 
annihilation in the event of disobedience and apostacy. This 
symbolizes the prosperity of spiritual Israel in union with 
Christ, but blight and withering and burning out of Christ. 

Symbols. And it came to pass, when Solomon had finish- 
ed the building of the house of the Lord, and the king's 
house, and all Solomon's desire which he was pleased to do. 
That the Lord appeared to Solomon the second time, as he 
had appeared unto him at Gibeon. And the Lord Said unto 
him, I have heard thy prayer and thy supplication that thou 
hast made before me: I have hallowed this house, which thou 
hast built, to put my name there for ever: and mine eyes and 
mine heart shall be there perpetually. And if thou wilt walk 
before me, as David thy father walked, in integrity of heart, 
and in uprightness, to do according to all that I have com- 
manded thee, and wilt keep my statutes and my judgments: 
Then I will establish the throne of thy kingdom upon Israel 
for ever, as I promised to David thy father, saying, There 
shall not fail thee a man upon the throne of Israel. But if 
ye shall at all turn from following me, ye or your children, 
and will not keep my commandments and my statutes which I 
have set before you, but go and serve other gods, and wor- 
them: Then will I cut off Israel out of the land which I have 
given them: and this house which I have hallowed for my 
name, will I cast out of my sight: and Israel shall be a pro- 
verb and a by-word among all people: And at this house, 
which is high, every one that passeth by it shall be astonish- 
ed, and shall hiss: and they shall say, Why hath the Lord 
done thus unto this land, and to this house? And they shall 
answer, Because they forsook the Lord their God, who brought 
forth their fathers out of the land of Egypt, and have taken 
hold upon other gods, and have worshipped them, and served 
them: therefore hath the Lord brought upon them all this 
evil. 1 Kings 9: 1—9. 

Substantive. I am the true vine, and my Father is the 
husbandman. Every branch in me that beareth not fruit, he 
takethaway: and every branch that beareth fruit, he purgeth 



B18 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

it, that it may bring forth more fruit. Now ye are clean 
through the Word which I have spoken unto you. Abide in 
me, and I in you. As the branch cannot bear fruit of itself, 
except it abide in the vine: no more can ye, except ye abide 
in me. I am the vine, ye are the branches: He that abideth 
in me, and I in him, the same bringeth forth much fruit: for 
without me ye can do nothing. If a man abide not in me, 
he is cast forth as a branch, and is withered: and men gath- 
er them, and cast them into the fire, and they are burned. If 
ye abide in me, and my words abide in you, ye shall ask what 
ye will, and it shall be done unto you. Herein is my Father 
glorified, that ye bear much fruit; so shall ye be my disciples. 
As the Father hath loved me, so have I loved you: continue 
ye in my love. If ye keep my commandments, ye shall abide 
in my love; even as I have kept my Father's commandments, 
and abide in his love. These things have I spoken unto you, 
that my joy might remain in you, and your joy might be full. 
This is my commandment, That you love one another, as I 
have loved you. Greater love hath no man than this, that a 
may lay down his life for his friends. Ye are my friends, if 
ye do whatsoever I command you. John 15: 1 — 14. 

Solomon transgresses the law of God in marrying heathen 
wives, who entice him to idolatry, for which he is told that after 
his death the kingdom shall be rent. This an emblem of the 
corruptions of the Christian Church because of its departure 
from the pure doctrines of the gospel and idolizing the world 
and the things thereof. 

Emblems. For it came to pass, when Solomon was old, 
that his wives turned away his heart after other gods: and 
his heart was not perfect with the Lord his God, as was the 
heart of David his father. For Solomon went after Ashto- 
reth the goddess of theZidonians, and after Milcom the abom- 
ination of the Ammonites. And Solomon did evil in the 
sight of the Lord, and went not fully after the Lord, as did 
David his father. Then did Solomon build an high place for 
Chemosh, the abomination of Moab, in the hill that is before 
Jerusalem, and for Molech, the abomination of the children 
of Ammon. And likewise did he for all his strange wives, 



SOLOMON A TYPE OF CHRIST. , 319 

which burnt incense and sacrificed unto their gods. And the 
Lord was angry with Solomon, because his heart was turned 
from the Lord God of Israel, which had appeared unto him 
twice, And had commanded him concerning this thing, that 
he should not go after other gods: but he kept not that which 
the Lord commanded. Wherefore the Lord Said unto Solo- 
mon, Forasmuch as this is done of thee, and thou hast not 
kept my covenant and my statutes which I have commanded 
thee, I will surely rend the kingdom from thee, and will give 
it to thy servant. Notwithstanding, in thy days I will not 
do it for David thy father's sake: but I will rend it out of the 
hand of thy son. Howbeit I will not rend away all the king- 
dom: but will give one tribe to thy son, for David my ser- 
vant's sake, and for Jerusalem's sake which I have chosen. 
1 Kings 11: 4—13. 

Substantive. And to the angel of the church in Pergamos 
write: These things Saith he which hath the sharp sword 
with two edges: I know thy works, and where thou dwellest? 
even where Satan's seat is: and thou holdest fast my name, 
and hast not denied my faith, even in those days wherein An- 
tipas was my faithful martyr, who was slain among you, 
where Satan dwelleth. But I have a few things against thee, 
because thou hast there them that hold the doctrine of Baalam, 
who taught Balak to cast a stumbling-block bet ore the children 
of Israel, to eat things sacrificed unto idols, and to eommit for- 
nication. So hast thou also them that hold the doctrine of the 
Nicolaitanes, which thing I hate. Repent: or else I will come 
unto thee quickly, and will Jight against them with the sword 
of my mouth. He that hath an ear, let him hear what the 
Spirit Saith unto the churches: To him that evercometh will 
I give to eat of the hidden manna, and will give him a white 
stone, and in the stone a new name written, which no man 
knoweth, saving he that receiveth it. Rev. 2: 12 — 17. 

Solomon having reigned over all Israel in Jerusalem forty 
years, during which period many wonderful events occurred, 
and his great wisdom becoming a proverb through the earth, 
dies, and was buried in the city of David his father. In his 
death also he is a type of Christ. 



320 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

Type. And the rest of the acts of Solomon, and all that 
he did, and his wisdom, are they not written in the book of 
the acts of Solomon? And the time that Solomon reigned in 
Jerusalem over all Israel was forty years. And Solomon 
slept with his fathers, and was buried in the city of David his 
father: and Rehoboam his son reigned in his stead. 1 Kings 
11: 41—43. 

Antitype. After this, Jesus knowing that all things were 
now accomplished, that the scripture might be fulfilled, Saith, 
I thirst. Now there was set a vessel full of vinegar: and 
they filled a sponge with vinegar, and put it upon hyssop, and 
put it to his mouth. When Jesus therefore had received the 
vinegar, he Said, It is finished: and he bowed his head, and 
gave up the ghost. The Jews therefore, because it was the 
preparation, that the bodies should not remain upon the cross 
on the sabbath-day, (for that sabbath-day was an high day) 
besought Pilate that their legs might be broken, and that they 
might be taken away. Then came the soldiers, and brake the 
legs of the first, and of the other which was crucified with 
him. But when they came to Jesus, and saw that he was dead 
already, they brake not his legs: But one of the soldiers 
with a spear pierced his side, and forthwith came thereout 
blood and water. And he that saw it, bare record, and his 
record is true: and he knoweth that he saith true, that ye 
might believe. For these things were done, that the scrip- 
ture should be fulfilled. A bone of him shall not be broken. 
And again another scripture saith, They shall look on him 
whom they pierced. And after this, Joseph of Arimathea 
(being a disciple of Jesus, but secretly for fear of the Jews) 
besought Pilate that he might take away the body of Jesus: 
and Pilate gave him leave. He came therefore and took the 
body of Jesus. And there came also Nicodemus (which at 
the first came to Jesus by night) and brought a mixture of 
myrrh and aloes, about an hundred pound weight. Then took 
they the body of Jesus, and wound it in linen clothes with 
the spices, as the manner of the Jews is to bury. Now in 
the place where he was crucified, there was a garden: and in 
the garden a new sepulchre, wherein was never man yet laid. 



SOLOMON A TYPE OF CHRIST. 321 



There laid they Jesus therefore, because of the Jews' prepar- 

Iation-day: for the sepulchre was nigh at hand. John 19- 
28—42. 
Thus have we passed through the reign of Solomon as a 
type of Christ. 

Solomon, the son of David and Bathsheba, of the tribe of 
Judah, was born before Christ 1029 years. He was anointed 
king of Israel in his eighteenth year, and reigned over all 
Israel 40 years; and died before Christ 971 years; being 58 
years old. His reign may be called the zenith of the glory 
of the Israelitish nation, being a reign of peace, and having 
swayed the sceptre over all the country promised to Abra- 
ham, to Isaac and to Jacob, as the possession and glor 
their posterity. 

Solomon, in many respects, excelled the world of mankind. 
In wisdom, wealth and fame, none before him nor after him, 
ever equaled him: with a mind that seemed almost to grasp 
the universe, he revealed the mysteries of nature, sounded the 
laws of morality, and even dared the throne of the Eternal. 
The dark domains of Earth and Ocean, opened their bosoms 
to his penetration, and ministered to his pleasures and sub- 
served the purposes of his vast designs in the construction of 
the Temple, the building of palaces, and the improvement of 
of his kingdom. Kings and queens delighted to pour their 
treasures into his coffers, and pay him homage; and all praise 
become stale and dumb, and all pageantry and magnificence 
paled before— king Solomon. The beauty of nations was 
brought into requisition to administer to his pleasures, and 
the charms of music lent its melting strains to engage his ear 
and gladden his heart. Sycophants crouched before him and 
courted a smile and displayed their gaudeous livery in strife 
and emulation: and every thing in nature and romance bowed 
in submission before him. Such were some of the mao- n ifi- 
cence of— king Solomon. 

But alas ! alas ! for the ingratitude of poor human nature 
In the possession and enjoyment of all these bounties and 
blessings of Providence, Solomon's heart waxed gross and his 
mind stupid, and he forsook the God who gave them, and 

21 



322 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

became an idolator! Like the fatted colt he kicked against 
his Master. Professing himself to be wise, he became a fool, 
And changed the glory of the uncorruptible God, into an 
image make like to corruptible man, and to birds, and four- 
footed beasts, and creeping things. Wherefore God also 
gave (him) up to uncleanness, through the lust of (his) own 
heart, Who changed the truth of God into a lie, and wor- 
shipped and served the creature more than the creator, who 
is blessed for ever.' 'For it came to pass when Solomon was 
old, that his wives turned away his heart after other gods: 
and his heart was not perfect with the Lord his God, as was 
the heart of David his father. For Solomon went after Ash- 
toreth the goddess of the Zidonians, and after Milcom the 
abomination of the Ammonites.' 

'0 Jupiter ! how art thou fallen ?' 

Some have doubted whether Solomon ever rose from this 
state of apostacy and degration; as we read in a verse or two 
before his death that he was a murderer at heart, seeking to 
kill Jeroboam for aspiring to the throne. But a closer ex- 
amination of dates well show that five years elapsed between 
this purpose of Solomon's and his death; during which time 
he wrote the book of Ecclesiasticus; from which it is evident 
that Solomon was restored to the Divine favor and an in- 
spired man. This book of Ecclesiastes is the last act of which 
we read in Solomon's life, from which we are authorized to 
believe that he died in the favor of his God. Thus then, 
while we deplore the depravity and weakness of our nature 
in departing from the living God, we are constrained to mag- 
nify the grace of God for his long suffering kindness and 
abundant mercy, in pardoning the guilty and remembering 
their iniquities no more. 

While we find much in the life and character of Solomon 
to admire, we at the same time find much to deplore: his oc- 
casional acts of cruelty have tarnished his fair escutcheon, 
and his swinish lust which he permitted to triumph over him 
in the number of his wives and concubines, will forever de- 
grade him in the estimation of the virtuous, and while the 
world sneers at these acts of lustful indulgence in the high 



ELIJAH A TYPE OP CHRIST. 323 



places of the ^chTzi^l^^~^^~~ 

cases are but too true to deny ! SUCh 

'And Solomon slept with his fathers, and was buried in th» 



CHAPTER III. 

OP THE PROPHET ELIJAH, A TypB QF CHEigT 

before whom I ,Lj i« S S, ^ °? ° f «■"« Hv«h, 

have commanded the ravens to feed thee there So V I 
and did according unto the Word of Z T!) , S ° le went 
and dwelt by the brook Cheritb T, + • , / f f ° r he Went 
ravens brought him bread and! , f, befM ' e J ° rdan - An <* 
and flesh in the Lin * and K " f 0n,inft and bread 
it came to pass XSS^JXS £ ^ ^ 
there had been norain in K^Sjff ? ^ 
In the above Covenant between God an °E, h^ala wa ys 



324 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

we discover a two-fold Trinity. 1. The Spiritual Trinity in 
Creation and Legislation; in these words, 'And the Word of 
the Lord came unto him, Saying, Here is, the Father, the 
Word, and the Holy Ghost; through which the Word was Spo- 
ken, and came with the Word, and in the Words to Elijah, 
and inspired him to undertake, and enabled him to perform 
the mission now assigned him. 

2. The Compound, Executive, Typical Trinity in Redemp- 
tion; which Trinity stands thus — The Father, Elijah, and the 
Holy Ghost. The Holy Ghost proceeding from the Father in 
the Word to Elijah, and through Elijah, as mediator, to Israel 
Thus the Trinity operates, and thus the Spiritual and Politi- 
cal affairs of Israel are conducted, throughout the mediatori- 
al, and prophetical offices of Elijah. 

EXAMPLE. 

Elijah is ordered by the Father, through the Word, to 
arise and go to Zarephath to a widow woman who was poor 7 
and whom Elijah miraculously feeds. This typifies 'our Sa- 
vior, feeding miraculously the thousands of Israel by multi- 
plying the few loaves and fishes. 

Symbols. And the Word of the Lord came unto him, Say- 
ing, Arise, get thee to Zarephath, which belongeth to Zidon r 
and dwell there: behold, I have commanded a widow woman 
there to sustain thee. So he arose and went to Zarephath. 
And when he came to the gate of the city, behold, the widow 
woman was there gathering of sticks: and he called to her, 
and said, Fetch me, I pray thee, a little water in a vessel, 
that I may drink. And as she was going to fetch it, he call- 
ed to her, and said, Bring me, I pray thee, a morsel of bread 
in thine hand. And she said. As the Lord thy God liveth, 
I have not a cake, but an handful of meal in a barrel, and a 
little oil in a cruse: and behold, 1 am gathering two sticks, 
that I may go in and dress it for me and my son, that we may 
eat it, and die. And Elijah said unto her, Fear not: go and 
do as thou hast said: but make me thereof a little cake first, 
and bring it unto me, and after make for thee and thy son. 



ELIJAH A TYPE OF CHRIST. 325 



For thus Saith the Lord God of Israel, The barrel of meal 
shall not waste, neither shall the cruse of oil fail, until the 
day that the Lord sendeth rain upon the earth. And she 
went and did according to the saying of Elijah: and he, and 
she, and her house, did eat many days. And the barrel of 
meal wasted not, neither did the cruse of oil fail, according 
to the Word of the Lord, which he Spake by Elijah. 1 Kings 
17: 8—16. 

Substantive. And when it was evening, his disciples 
came to him, saying, This is a desert place, and the time is 
now past ; send the multitude away, that they may go into 
the village, and buy themselves victuals. But Jesus Said 
unto them, They need not depart ; give ye ihem to eat. And 
they say unto him, We have here but five loaves and two fishes. 
He Said, Bring them hither to me. And he commanded the 
multitude to sit down on the grass, and took the five loaves, 
and the two fishes, and looking up to heaven, he blessed, and 
brake, and gave the loaves to his disciples, and the disciples to 
the multitude. And they did all eat and were filled ; and they 
took up of the fragments that remained, twelve baskets full. — 
And they that had eaten were about five thousand men, be- 
sides women and children. Matt. 14: 15 — 21. 

Elijah raiseth the widow's son to life, by reason of which 
she confesseth her faith in him as a man of God. This 
symbolized the raising of the widow's son of Nain to life 
by Christ. 

Symbols. And it came to pass after these things, that the 
son of the woman, the mistress of the house, fell sick ; and 
his sickness was so sore, that there was no breath left in 
him. And she said unto Elijah. What have I to do with 
thee, thou man of God? art thou come unto me to call 
my sin to remembrance and to slay my son ? And he said 
unto her, Give me thy son. And he took him out of her 
bosom, and carried him up into a loft, where he abode, 
and laid him upon his own bed. And he cried unto the 
Lord, and said, Lord my God, hast thou also brought 
evil upon the widow with whom I sojourn, by slaying her 
son ? And he stretched himself upon the child three times, 



326 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

and cried unto the Lord, and said, Lord my God, I pray 
thee, let this child's soul come into him again. And the 
Lord heard the voice of Elijah ; and the soul of the child 
came into him again, and he revived. And Elijah took the 
child, and brought him down out of the chamber into the 
house, and delivered him unto his mother: and Elijah said, 
See, thy son liveth. And the woman said to Elijah, Now by 
this I know that thou art a man of God, and that the Word 
of the Lord in thy mouth is truth. 1 Kings 17: 17—24. 

Substantive. Aud it came to pass the day after, that he 
went into a city called Nain: and many of his disciples 
went with him, and much people. Now when he came nigh 
to the gate of the city, behold, there was a dead man car- 
ried out, the only son of his mother, and she was a widow: 
and much people of the city was with her. And when the 
Lord saw her, he had compassion on her, and Said unto 
her, Weep not. And he came and touched the bier: and 
they that bare him stood still. And he Said, Young man, 
I Say unto thee, Arise. And he that was dead sat up, 
and began to speak: and he delivered him to his mother. — 
And there came a fear on all: and they glorified God, say- 
ing, That a great Prophet is risen up among us ; and, That 
God hath visited his people. And this rumor of him went 
forth throughout all Judea, and throughout all the region 
round about. And the disciples of John shewed him of all 
these things. Luke 7: 11 — 18. 

Elijah reproving king Ahab for idolatry, charges upon him 
the cause of the drought and famine in Israel ; orders Ahab 
to gather all Israel, and the prophets of Baal to mount Car- 
mel, and there with him to test the respective claims of the 
God of Israel, and their idols: the issue convinces all that 
the God of Israel is the true God, and Elijah his authentica- 
ted prophet. This symbolizes the idolatrous worship repro- 
bated by the apostles, contrasted with the one God and the 
operations and influences of his Spirit. 

Symbols. And it came to pass when Ahab saw Elijah, 
that Ahab said unto him, Art thou he that troubleth Israel? 
And he answered, I have not troubled Israel ; but thou, and 



ELIJAH A TYPE OF CHRIST. 327 

thy father's house, in that ye have forsaken the command- 
ments of the Lord, and thou hast followed Baalim. Now 
therefore send, and gather to me all Israel unto mount Car- 
mel, and the prophets of Baal four hundred and fifty, and the 
prophets of the groves four hundred, which eat at Jezebel's 
table. So Ahab sent unto all the children of Israel, and 
gathered the prophets together unto mount Carmel. And 
Elijah came unto all the people, and said, How long halt ye 
between two opinions? if the Lord be God, follow him: but 
if Baal, then follow him. And the people answered him not 
a word. Then said Elijah unto the people, I, even I only, 
remain a prophet of the Lord ; but Baal's prophets are four 
hundred and fifty men. Let them therefore give us two bul- 
locks ; and let them choose one bullock for themselves, and 
cut it in pieces, and lay it on wood, and put no fire under: 
and I will dress the other bullock, and lay it on wood, and 
put no fire under: And call ye on the name of your gods, and 
I will call on the name of the Lord: and the God that an- 
swereth by fire, let him be God. And all the people answer- 
ed and said, It is well spoken. And Elijah said unto the 
prophets of Baal, Choose you one bullock for yourselves, and 
dress it first ; for ye are many ; and call on the name of your 
gods, but put no fire under. And they took the bullock 
which was given them, and they dressed it, and called on the 
name of Baal from morning even until noon, saying, Baal, 
hear us. But there was no voice, nor any that answered. — 
And they leaped upon the altar which was made. And it 
came to pass at noon, that Elijah mocked them, and said, Cry 
aloud: for he is a god: either he is talking, or he is pursuing, 
or he is in a journey, or paradventure he sleepeth, and must 
be awaked. And they cried aloud, and cut themselves after 
their manner with knives and lancets, till the blood gushed 
out upon them. And it came to pass, when mid-day was 
past, and they prophesied until the time of the offering 
of the evening sacrifice, that there was neither voice, nor any 
to answer, nor any that regarded. And Elijah said unto all 
the people, Come near unto me. And he repaired the altar 
of the Lord that was broken down. And Elijah took twelve 



328 EXPOSITION OP THE TRINITIES. 

stones, according to the number of the tribes of the sons of 
Jacob, unto whom the Word of the Lord came, saying, Israel 
shall be thy name: And with the stones he built an altar in 
the name of the Lord: and he made a trench about the altar, 
as great as would contain two measures of seed. And he put 
the wood in order, and cut the bullock in pieces, and laid 
him on the wood, and said, Fill four barrels with water, and 
pour it on the burnt-sacrifice, and on the wood. And he said, 
Do it the second time. And he said, Do it the third time. 
And they did it the third time. And the water ran round 
about the altar ; and he filled the trench also with water. — 
And it came to pass at the time of the offering of the evening 
sacrifice, that Elijah the "prophet came near [and said, Lord 
God of Abraham, Isaac, and of Israel, let it be known this 
day that thou art God in Israel, and that I am thy servant, 
and that I have done all these things at thy word. Hear 
me, Lord, hear me, that this people may know that thou 
art the Lord God, and that thou hast turned their heart back 
again. Then the fire of the Lord fell, and consumed the 
burnt-sacrifice, and the wood, and the stones, and the dust, 
and licked up the water that was in the trench. And when 
all the people saw it, they fell on their faces: and they said, 
The Lord, he is the God ; the Lord: he is the God. And 
Elijah said unto them, Take the prophets of Baal ; let not 
one of them escape. And they took them: and Elijah brought 
them down to the brook Kishon, and slew them there. — 
1 Kings 18: 17—40. 

Substantive. Now concerning spiritual gifts, brethren, I 
would not have you ignorant. Ye know that ye were Gen- 
tiles, carried away unto these dumb idols, even as ye were led. 
Wherefore I give you to understand, that no man speaking 
by the Spirit of God, calleth Jesus accursed: and that no 
man can say that Jesus is the Lord, but by the Holy Ghost. 
Now there are diversities of gifts, but the same Spirit. And 
there are differences of administrations, but the same Lord. 
And there are diversities of operations, but it is the same 
God which worketh all in all. But the manifestation of the 
Spirit is given to every man to profit withal. For to one is 



ELIJAH A TYPE OF CHRIST. 329 

given by the Spirit the Word of wisdom ; to another, the 
Word of knowledge by the same Spirit. To another, faith 
by the same Spirit ; to another, the gift of healing by the 
same Spirit. To another, the working of miracles ; to an- 
other, prophecy ; to another, discerning of spirits ; to another, 
divers kinds of tongues ; to another, the interpretation of 
tongues: But all these worketh that one and the self-same 
Spirit, dividing to every man severally as he will. For as 
the body is one, and hath many members, and all the mem- 
bers of that one body, being one body: so also is Christ. — 
For by one Spirit are we all baptized into one body, whether 
we be Jews or Gentiles, whether we be bond or free ; and 
have beeji all made to drink into one Spirit. 1 Cor. 12: 1 — 12. 

Through the prayer of Elijah, the Father sendeth rain, 
after a drought of three years and six months. This symboli- 
zes the spiritual and temporal blessings which are bestowed 
upon the people of God through the intercession of Christ. 

Symbols. And Elijah said unto Ahab, Get thee up, eat 
and drink ; for there is a sound of abundance of rain. So 
Ahab went up to eat and to drink. And Elijah went up to 
the top of Carmel ; and he cast himself down upon the earth, 
and put his face between his knees, And said to his servant, 
Go up now, toward the sea. And he went up, and looked, 
and said, There is nothing. And he said, Go again seven 
times. And it came to pass at the seventh time, that he said, 
Behold, there ariseth a little cloud out of the sea, like a man's 
hand. And he said, Go up, say unto Ahab, Prepare thy 
chariot, and get thee down, that the rain stop thee not. And 
it came to pass in the mean while, that the heaven was black 
with clouds and wind, and there was a great rain. And 
Ahab rode, and went to Jezreel. And the hand of the Lord 
was on Elijah ; and he girded up his loins, and ran before 
Ahab to the entrance of Jezreel. 1 Kings 18: 41 — 46. 

Substantive. Verily, verily, I say unto you, that ye shall 
weep and lament, but the world shall rejoice: and ye shall be 
sorrowful, but your sorrow shall be turned into joy. A wo- 
man when she is in travail hath sorrow, because her hour is 
come: but as soon as she is delivered of the child, she re- 



330 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

membereth no more the anguish, for joy that a man is 
born into the world. And ye now therefore have sorrow: 
but I will see you again, and your heart shall rejoice, and 
your joy no man taketh from you. And in that day ye shall 
ask me nothing. Yerily, verily, I say unto you, Whatsoever 
ye shall ask the Father in my name, he will give it you. — 
Hitherto have ye asked nothing in my name: ask, and ye 
shall receive, that your joy may he fall. These things have I 
Spoken unto you in proverbs: but the time cometh when I 
shall no more Speak unto you in proverbs, [but I shall shew 
you plainly of the Father. At that day ye shall ask in my 
name: and I say unto you, that I will pray the Father for 
you: For the Father himself loveth you, because ye have 
loved me, and have believed that I came out from God. — 
I came forth from the Father, and am come into the world: 
again, I leave the world, and go to the Father. John 16: 
20—28. 

When Christ Says above that he came forth from the Fa- 
ther into the world, we understand that as the Son, he was 
produced by the Father through the Power of the Holy 
Ghost, in the womb of the virgin Mary: as has been often shown. 

In the wilderness, Elijah being weary of his life, requests 
of the Lord that he might die ; in this extremity an angel 
visits him, comforts him, and feeds him. This symbolizes 
he tempttations of his Antitype in the wilderness, and his 
being ministered unto by angels. 

Symbols. But he himself went a day's journey into the 
wilderness, and came and sat down under a juniper-tree: and 
he requested for himself that he might die: and said, It is 
enough ; now, Lord, take away my life ; for I am not bet- 
ter than my fathers. And as he lay and slept under a juni- 
per-tree, behold, then an angel touched him, and said unto 
him, Arise and eat. And he looked, and behold, there was a 
cake baked on the coals, and a cruse of water at his head: 
and he did eat and drink, and laid him down again. And 
the angel of the Lord came again the second time, and touch- 
ed him, and said, Arise and eat, because the journey is too 
great for thee. And he arose, and did eat and drink, and 



ELIJAH A TYPE OF CHRIST. 331 

went in the strength of that meat forty days and forty nights 
unto Horeb the mount of God. 1 Kings 19: 4 — 8. 

Substantive. Then was Jesus led up of the Spirit into 
the wilderness to be tempted of the devil. And when he had 
fasted forty days and forty nights, he was afterward an hun- 
gered. And when the tempter came to him, he said, If thou 
be the Son of God, command that these stones be made bread. 
But he answered and Said, It is written, Man shall not live 
by bread alone, but by every word that proceedeth out of the 
mouth of God. Then the devil taketh him up into the holy 
city, and setteth him on a pinacle of the temple. And saith 
unto him, If thou be the Son of God, cast thyself down, for 
it is written, He shall give his angels charge concerning thee: 
and in their hands they shall bear thee up, lest at any time 
thou dash thy foot against a stone. Jesus Said unto him, It is 
written again, Thou shalt not tempt the Lord thy God. — 
Again, the devil taketh him up into an exceeding high moun- 
tain, and sheweth hiin all the kingdoms of the world, and the 
glory of them ; And saith unto him, All these things will I 
give thee, if thou wilt fall down and worship me. Then 
Saith Jesus unto him, Get thee hence, Satan: for it is written, 
Thou shalt worship the Lord thy God, and him only shalt 
thou serve. Then the devil leaveth him, and behold, angels 
came and ministered unto him. Matt. 4: 1 — 11. 

The angels, and their offices mentioned in the above brace, 
suggests the opportunity of illustrating from their nature and 
offices, the Trinities, respectively, in Creation and Redemption. 

Angels are created spiritual existences ; and when an angel 
speaks, he is a trinity. 1. There is the spirit, which is an 
emblem of the Father. 2. The spirit in exercise, which is an 
emblem of the Holy Ghost. 3. The word, spoken, which is 
an emblem of the Word of the Father. The word is the off- 
spring of the angel through the spirit of the angel, and hence 
here are a trinity of agencies, in the angel ; as there are a 
Trinity of Agencies or Persons, in God. The trinity of agen- 
cies in the angel, in the order of time, stand thus : The 
angel, the spirit, and the word: the spirit proceeding from the 
angel, in the word of the angel, to Elijah, and comforting and 



332 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

feeding Elijah, and also Elijah's Antitype. These angels 
were God's messengers. 

Again : An angel, symbolizes the Trinity of Persons in 
Redemption. The appearances of angels in human form are 
frequently mentioned in the scriptures — as the angels who 
appeared to Abraham ; to the prophets ; to Zachariah ; to 
Joseph ; and to the virgin Mary, &c. 

We will take for illustration the case of the virgin Mary. 
The angel Gabriel was sent to her in human form to make 
known the purpose of God concerning the birth and mission 
of Messiah. Here was the spirit of the angel, speaking 
through the form of humanity in which he was clothed ; just 
as the Father Spoke through the humanity of Christ to his 
disciples and to the world. The angel spoke through the 
spirit of the angel to Elijah, and here was the angel, the 
spirit, and the word. God Spoke, through his Spirit, to the 
Son, and here was — the Father, the Spirit, and the Word. 
The Father, Elijah, and the Holy Ghost, were a Compound, 
Executive, Typical Trinity in Redemption ; The Father, the 
Son, and the Holy Ghost, are the Substantive Trinity in Re- 
demption. 

Nothing could illustrate more clearly and forcibly the 
respective Trinities in Creation and Redemption, than the 
cases above mentioned: and dull indeed must be the under- 
standing which does not comprehend it. 

God appears to Elijah in a cave at Horeb, and orders him 
to return to the wilderness of Damascus and anoint Hazael, 
king of Syria ; Jehu, king of Judah ; and Elisha, to be pro- 
phet in his room. This symbolizes the anointing of the 
Spirit, which Christ confers upon his followers. 

Symbols. And he came hither unto a cave, and lodged 
there ; and behold, the Word of the |Lord came to him, and 
he Said unto him, What doest thou here, Elijah ? And he 
said, I have been very jealous for the Lord God of hosts: for 
the children of Israel have forsaken thy Covenant, thrown 
down thine altars, and slain thy prophets with the sword ; 
and I, even I only, am left ; and they seek my life to take it 
away. And he Said, Go forth, and stand upon the mount 



ELIJAH A TYPE OF CHRIST. 333 

before the Lord. And behold, the Lord passed by, and a 
great and strong wind rent the mountains, and brake in 
pieces the rocks before the Lord ; but the Lord was not in 
the wind ; and after the wind an earthquake ; but the Lord 
was not in the earthquake ■ And after the earthquake a fire ; 
but the Lord was not in the fire ; and after the fire a still 
small voice. And it was so, when Elijah heard it, that he 
wrapped his face in his mantle, and went out, and stood in 
the entering in of the cave. And behold, there came a voice 
unto him, and Said, What doest thou here, Elijah ? And he 
said, I have been very jealous for the Lord God of hosts: be- 
cause the children of Israel have forsaken thy Covenant, 
thrown down thine altars, and slain thy prophets with the 
sword ; and I, even I only, am left ; and they seek my life, 
to take it away. And the Lord Said unto him, Go, return 
on thy way to the wilderness of Damascus: and when thou 
comest, anoint Kazael to be king over Syria: And Jehu the 
son of Nimshi shalt thou anoint to be king over Israel: and 
Elisha the son of Shaphat of Abel-meholah shalt thou anoint 
to be prophet in thy room. And it shall come to pass, that 
him that escapeth the sword of Hazael shall Jehu slay: and 
him that escapeth from the sword of Jehu shall Elisha slay. 
Yet I have left me seven thousand in Israel, all the knees 
which have not bowed unto Baal, and every mouth which 
hath not kissed him. 1 Kings 19: 9 — 18. 

Substantive. And as Jesus passed by, he saw a man which 
was blind from his birth. And his disciples asked him, say- 
ing, Master, who did sin, this man, or his parents, that he 
was born blind ? Jesus answered, Neither hath this man 
sinned, nor his parents: but that the works of God should be 
made manifest in him. I must work the works of him that 
sent me, while it is day: the night cometh, when no man can 
work. As long as I am in the world, I am the light of the 
world. When he had thus Spaken, he spat on the ground, 
and made clay of the spittle, and he anointed the eyes of the 
blind man with the clay, And Said unto him, Go, wash in 
the pool of Siloam, (which is by interpretation, Sent.) And 
He went his way therefore, and washed, and came seeing. — 
John 9: 1—7. 



334 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

Ahaziah, king of Israel, falling through a lattice in his up- 
per chamber, sustained a serious injury, and sends messengers 
to Baal-zebub, the god of Ekron, to know whether he will 
recover ; whereupon the angel of the Lord instructs Elijah 
to go and meet the messengers of Ahaziah and say to them 
that he should not recover. This symbolizes the messengers 
of Christ proclaiming destruction to idolaters and apostates 
from the true God. 

Symbols. And when the messengers turned back unto 
him, (Ahaziah) he said unto them, Why are ye now turned 
back ? And they said unto him, There came a man up to 
meet us, and said unto us. G-o, turn again unto the king that 
sent you, and say unto him, Thus Saith the Lord, Is it not 
because there is not a God in Israel, that thou sendest to in- 
quire of Baal-zebub the god of Ekron ? therefore thou shalt 
not come down from that bed on which thou art gone up, but 
shalt surely die. And he said unto them, What manner of 
man was he which came up to meet you, and told you these 
words? And they answered him, He was an hairy man, and 
girt with a girdle of leather about his loins. And he said, it 
is Elijah the Tishbite. Then the king sent unto him a captain 
of fifty with his fifty. And he went up to him: and behold, 
he sat on the top of an hill. And he spake unto him, Thou 
man of God, the king hath said, Come down. And Elijah 
answered and said to the captain of fifty, If I be a man of 
God, then let fire come down from heaven, and consume thee 
and thy fifty. And there came down fire from heaven, and 
consumed him and his fifty. Again also he sent unto him 
another captain of fifty with his fifty. And he answered and 
said unto him, man of God, thus hath the king said, Come 
down quickly. And Elijah answered and said unto them, 
If I be a man of God, let fire come down from heaven, and 
consume thee and thy fifty. And the fire of God came down 
from heaven, and consumed him and his fifty. And he sent 
again a captain of the third fifty with his fifty. And the 
third captain of fifty went up, and came and fell on his knees 
before Elijah, and besought him, and said unto him, man 
of God, I pray thee, let my life, and the life of these fifty thy 



ELIJAH A TYPE OF CHRIST. 335 

servants, be precious in thy sight. Behold, there came fire 
down from heaven, and burnt up the two captains of the for- 
mer fifties with their fifties: therefore let my life now be 
precious in thy sight. And the angel of the Lord said unto 
Elijah, Go down with him: be not afraid of him. And he 
arose, and went down with him unto the king. And he said 
unto him. Thus Saith the Lord, Forasmuch as thou hast sent 
messengers to inquire of Baal-zebub the god of Ekron, (is it 
not because there is no God in Israel to inquire of his Word?) 
therefore thou shalt not come down off that bed on which 
thou art gone up, but shalt surely die. So he died according 
to the Word of the Lord which Elijah had Spoken. 2 Kings 
1: 5—17. 

Substantive. Repent ye therefore, and be converted, that 
your sings may be blotted out, when the times of refreshing 
shall come from the presence of the Lord: And he shall send 
Jesus Christ, which before was preached unto you: Whom 
the heaven must receive, until the times of restitution of all 
things, which God hath Spoken by the mouth of all his holy 
prophets, since the world began. For Moses truly said unto 
the fathers, A Prophet shall the Lord your God raise up unto 
you, of your brethren, like unto me: him shall ye hear in all 
things, whatsoever he shall say unto you. And it shall come 
to pass, that every soul which will not hear that Prophet, 
shall be destroyed from among the people. Yea, and all the 
prophets from Samuel, and those that follow after, as many 
as have spoken, have likewise foretold of these days. Ye are 
the children of the prophets, and of the covenant which God 
made with our fathers, saying unto Abraham, And in thy 
seed shall all the kindreds of the earth be blessed. Unto you 
first, God having raised up his Son Jesus, sent him to bless 
you, in turning away every one of you from his iniquities. — 
Acts 3: 19—26. 

Elijah, taking leave of Elisha, with his mantle divideth 
Jordan. Elisha praying for a double portion of Elijah's Spir- 
it, has his request granted, when Elijah is taken up in a fiery 
chariot into heaven, and Elisha returns. This symbolizes the 
last instructions of Christ to his disciples and his ascension 
into heaven. 



336 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

Symbols. And it came to pass, when the Lord would take 
up Elijah into heaven by a whirlwind, that Elijah went with 
Elisha from Gilgal. And Elijah said unto Elisha, Tarry 
here, I pray thee: for the Lord hath sent me to Bethel. And 
Elisha said unto him, As the Lord liveth, and as thy soul liv- 
eth, I will not leave thee. So they went down down to Beth- 
el. And the sons of the prophets that were at Beth-el came 
forth to Elisha, and said unto him, Knowest thou that the 
Lord will take away thy master from thy head to-day? And 
he said, Yea, I kuow it: hold ye your peace. And Elijah 
said unto him, Elisha, tarry here, I pray thee: for the Lord 
hath sent me to Jericho. And he said, As the Lord liveth, 
and as thy soul liveth, I will not leave thee. So they came 
to Jericho. And the sons of the prophets that were at Jeri- 
cho came to Elisha, and said unto him, Knowest thou that the 
Lord will take away thy master from thy head to-day? And 
he answered, Yea, I know it: hold.ye your peace. And Eli- 
jah said unto him, Tarry, I pray thee, here: for the Lord hath 
sent me to Jordan. And he said, As the Lord liveth, and as 
thy soul liveth, I will not leave thee. And they two went 
on. And fifty men of the sons of the prophets went, and 
stood to view afar off: and they two stood by Jordan. And 
Elijah took his mantle, and wrapped it together, and smote 
the waters, and they were divided hither and thither, so they 
two went over on dry ground. And it came to pass, when 
they were gone over, that Elijah said unto Elisha, Ask what 
I shall do for thee, before I be taken away from thee. And 
Elisha said, I pray thee, let a double portion of thy spirit be 
upon me. And he said, Thou hast asked a hard thing: nev- 
ertheless, if thou see me when I am taken from thee, it shall 
be so unto thee: but if not, it shall not be so. And it came 
to pass, as they still went on, and talked, that behold, there 
appeared a chariot of fire, and horses of fire, and parted them 
both asunder: and Elijah went up by a whirlwind into hea- 
ven. 2 Kings 2: 1—11. 

Substantive. The former treatise have I made, The- 
ophilus, of all that Jesus began both to do and to teach, Un- 
til the day in which he was taken up, after that he through 



ELIJAH A TYPE OF CHRIST. 337 

the Holy Ghost had given commandment unto the apostles 
whom he had chosen: To whom also he shewed himself alive 
after his passion, by many infallible proofs, being seen of them 
forty days, and speaking of the things pertaining to the king- 
dom of God: And being assembled together with them, com- 
manded them that they should not depart from Jerusalem, but 
wait for the promise of the Father, which, Saith he, ye have 
heard of me. For John truly baptized with water: but ye 
shall be baptized with the Holy Ghost not many days hence. 
When they therefore were come together, they asked of him 
saying, Lord, wilt thou at this time restore again the kingdom 
to Israel? And he Said unto them, It is not for you to know 
the times or the seasons which the Father hath in his own 
power. But ye shall receive power after that the Holy Ghost 
is come upon you: and ye shall be witnesses unto me, both in 
Jerusalem, and in all Judea, and in Samaria, and unto the ut- 
termost part of the earth. And when he had Spoken these 
things, while they beheld, he was taken up : and a cloud receiv- 
ed him out of their sight. And while they looked steadfast- 
ly toward heaven as he went up, behold, two men stood by 
them in white apparel: Which also said, Ye men of Galilee, 
why stand ye gazing up into heaven? this same Jesus which 
is taken up from you into heaven, shall so come in like man- 
ner as ye have seen him go into heaven. Then returned they 
unto Jerusalem, from the mount called Olivet, which is from 
Jerusalem a sabbath-day 7 s journey. And when they were 
come in, they went up into an upper room, where abode both 
Peter, and James, and John, and Andrew, Philip, and Thom- 
as, Bartholomew, and Matthew, James the son of Alpheus, 
and Simon Zelotes, and Judas the brother of James. These 
all continued with one accord in prayer and supplication, with 
the women, and Mary the mother of Jesus, and with his breth- 
ren. Acts 1: 1 — 14. 

We here dismiss the remarkable man and prophet, Elijah: 
who will ever stand prominent among the cannonized saints, 
as one of the holiest men upon the page of sacred Writ. 

The Scriptures are silent as to his birth or parentage. We 
are told he was a native of the town of Tishbe, beyond Jor- 

22 



338 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

dan in the land of Gilead. His undaunted courage in re- 
proving a sceptred monarch; his power to shut up and open 
heaven with prayer; his subsisting forty days without food; his 
contest with the prophets of Baal and the prophets of the 
groves, eight hundred and fifty in number, in company with 
kings and nobles, and him himself alone — save the God of Is- 
rael; and his signal and miraculous victory over them, and 
then putting them all to death, his transition to heaven and 
bestowing upon Elisha, his successor, a double portion of his 
Spirit, all combine to render him one of the most remarkable 
types of Christ in all the Old Testament Scriptures. The 
commencement of his prophetic career, was about 908 years 
before Christ, and his ascension according to chronologists 
was in the year before Christ, 892, which only gives him about 
sixteen years, for active operations as a prophet. 

He seems to have been one of those remarkable cases of 
holy men of God, who lived in heaven while their bodies 
were upon earth; and his whole mind and soul was absorbed 
in heavenly contemplation and devout exercises. He lived 
on angels' food, and his spiritual mindedness transported him 
to regions above the cares and turmoil of the busy scenes of 
life. Conscious of his mortality and the brief period of his 
earthly existence, he was indifferent to a fault of earthly c on 
veniences and comforts, and wandered in goatskins, and dwelt- 
at times in caves of the earth, all the while laying up treas- 
ure in heaven and securing an inheritance amoug the just 
made perfect, whose names are written in heaven. Having 
finished his mission with fidelity, and usefulness to the Church 
and the world, with glory to his God and credit to himself; 
God took him to heaven in a fiery chariot drawn by fiery 
horses, before the astonished gaze of prophets and the won- 
der of the world. Thus lived, and thus ascended to heaven 
the prophet Elijah, — the man of his age, and the prophet of 
the Lord. 



ELISHA A TYPE OF CHRIST. 339 



CHAPTER IY. 

OF THE PROPHET ELISHA, AS A TYPE OF CHRIST. 

When Elijah bestowed upon Elisha his mantle and ascend- 
ed to heaven, Elisha became the mediator between the Father 
and Israel, and thus a type of Christ. 

Through the mediation of Elisha, water is brought to the 
hosts of Judah and Israel, when they were going to war 
against the Moabites. This symbolizes the water of life with 
which Christ supplies his people who ask him. 

Symbols. And king Jehoram went out of Samaria the 
same time, and numbered all Israel. And he went and sent 
to Jehoshaphat the king of Judah, saying, The king of Moab 
hath rebelled against me: wilt thou go with me against Moab 
to battle? And he said, I will go up: I am as thou art, my 
people as thy people, and my horses as thy horses. And he 
said, Which way shall we go up? And he answered, The 
way through the wilderness of Edom. So the king of Israel 
went, and the king of Judah, and the king of Edom: l nnd 
they fetched a compass of seven days' journey: and there was 
no water for the host, and for the cattle that followed them. 
And the king of Israel said, Alas, that the Lord hath called 
these three kings together, to deliver them into the hand of 
Moab ! But Jehoshaphat said, Is there not here a prophet of 
the Lord, that we may inquire of the Lord by him? And 
one of the king of Israel's servants answered and said, Here 
is Elisha the son of Shaphat which poured water on the hands 
of Elijah. And Jehoshaphat said, The Word of the Lord is 
with him. So the king of Israel and Jehoshaphat and the 
king of Edom went down to him. And Elisha said unto the 
king of Israel, What have I to do with thee? get thee to the 
prophets of thy father, and to the prophets of thy mother. 
And the king of Israel said unto him, Nay: for the Lord hath 
called these three kings together, to deliver into the hand of 



340 EXPOSITION OP THE TRINITIES. 

Moab. And Elisha said, As the Lord of hosts liveth, before 
whom I stand, surely, were it not that I regard the presence 
of Jehoshaphat the king of Judah, I would not look toward 
thee, nor see thee. But now bring me a minstrel. And it 
came to pass, when the minstrel played, that the hand of the 
Lord came upon him. And he said, Thus Saith the Lord, 
Make this valley full of ditches. For thus Saith the Lord, 
Ye shall not see wind, neither shall ye see rain: yet that val- 
ley shall be filled with water, that ye may drink, both ye, 
and your cattle, and your beasts. And this is but a light 
thing in the sight of the Lord: he will deliver the Moabites 
also into your hand. And ye shall smite every fenced city, 
and every choice city, and shall fell every good tree, and stop 
all wells of water, and mar every good piece of land with 
stones. And it came to pass in the morning, when the meat- 
offering was offered, that behold, there came water by the 
way of Edom, and the country was filled with water. 2 
Kings 8: 6—20. 

In the above passage, which is the introduction to Elisha's 
mediatorial office, we discover a two-fold Trinity. 1. The 
Spiritual Trinity in Creation and Legislation; in these 
words — 'Thus Saith the Lord, Make this valley full of ditches. 7 

Here is the Father, Speaking; and the Holy Ghost, as al- 
ways, through which the Father Speaks; then the organized 
Trinity stands thus — The Father, the Word, and the Holy 
Ghost, who proceeded from the Father, in the Word, and came 
in the Word to Elisha, and through Elisha to the people. 

2. The Compound, Executive, Typical Trinity in Redemp- 
tion. Elisha is ordained the mediator between the Father and 
the people, and informed them what the Wordo? the Lord is,- 
4 Make this valley full of ditches. 7 Then the Compound Ex- 
ecutive Typical Trinity in Redemption stands thus — The Fa- 
ther, Elisha, and the Holy Ghost; and thus it operates through 
the Administration of Elisha. 

The above Covenant between the Father and Elisha, and 
through him as mediator to the people, is ratified and confirm- 
ed by a sacrifice, 'And it came to pass in the morning, when 
the meat-offering was offered, that behold, there came water 



ELISHA A TYPE OP CHRIST. 341 

by the way of Edom, and the country was filled with water.' 

The substantive section in this brace, of which the above 
symbols is the first, is as follows : 

Substantive. Then cometh he to a city of Samaria, which 
is called Sychar, near to the parcel of ground that Jacob 
gave to his son Joseph. Now Jacob's well was there. Jesus 
therefore being wearied with his journey, sat thus on the well: 
and it was about the sixth hour. There cometh a woman of 
Samaria to draw water; Jesus Saith unto her, Give me to 
drink. (For his disciples were gone away unto the city to 
buy meat.) Then saith the woman of Samaria unto him, 
How is it that thou, being a Jew, askest drink of me, which 
am a woman of Samaria? for the Jews have no dealings with 
the Samaritans. Jesus answered and Said unto her, If thou 
knewest the gift of God, and who it is that Saith to thee, 
Give me to drink: thou wouldest have asked of him, and he 
would have given thee living water. The woman saith unto 
him, Sir, thou hast nothing to draw with, and the well is 
deep: from whence then hast thou that living water? Art 
thou greater than our father Jacob, which gave us the well, 
and drank thereof himself, and his children, and his cattle? 
Jesus answered and Said unto her, Whosoever drinketh of 
this water, shall thirst again: But whosoever drinketh of the 
water that I shall give him, shall never thirst; but the wa- 
ter that I shall give him, shall be in him a well of water 
springing up into everlasting life. The woman saith unto 
him, Sir, give me this water, that I thirst not, neither come 
hither to draw. Jesus Saith unto her, Go call thy husband, 
and come hither. The woman answered and said, I have no 
husband. Jesus Said unto her, Thou hast well said, I have 
no husband: For thou hast had five husbands, and he whom 
thou now hast, is not thy husband: in that saidst thou truly. 
The woman saith unto him, Sir, I perceive that thon art a 
Prophet. John 4: 5—19. 

Elisha multiplieth the widow's oil; which symbolizes the 
miracle of our Savior, turning water into wine, at the mar- 
riage of Cana in Gallilee. 

Symbols. Now there cried a certain woman of the wives 



342 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

of the sons of the prophets unto Elisha, saying, Thy servant 
my husband is dead: and thou knowest that thy servant did 
fear the Lord: and the creditor is come to take unto him my 
two sons to be bond-men. And Elisha said unto her, What 
shall I do for thee? tell me, what hast thou in the house? 
And she said, thine hand-maid hath not any thing in the house 
save a pot of oil. Then he said, Go, borrow thee vessels 
abroad of all thy neighbors, even empty vessels: borrow not 
a few. And when thou art come in, thou shalt shut the door 
upon thee and upon thy sons, and shalt pour out into all those 
vessels, and thou shalt set aside that which is full. So she 
went from him, and shut the door upon her and upon her sons, 
who brought the vessels to her; and she poured out. And it 
came to pass, when the vessels were full, that she said unto 
her son, Bring me yet a vessel. And he said unto her, There 
is not a vessel more. And the oil stayed. Then she came 
and told the man of God. And he said, Go, sell the oil, and 
pay thy debt, and live thou and thy children of the rest. 2 
Kings 1—7. 

Substantive. And the third day there was a marriage in 
Cana of Galilee; and the mother of Jesus was there. And 
both Jesus was called, and his disciples, to the marriage. 
And when they wanted wine, the mother of Jesus saith unto 
him, They have no wine. Jesus Saith unto her, Woman, 
what have I to do with thee ? mine hour is not yet come. 
His mother saith unto the servants, Whatsoever he saith unto 
you, do it. Then there were set there six water-pots of stone, 
after the manner of the purifying of the Jews, containing 
two or three firkins apiece. Jesus Saith unto them, Fill the 
water-pots with water. And they filled them up to the brim. 
And he Saith unto them, Draw out now, and bear unto the 
governor of the feast. And they bare it. When the ruler 
of the feast had tasted the water that was made wine, and 
knew not whence it was, (but the servants which drew the 
water knew,) the governor of the feast called the bridegroom, 
And saith unto him, Every man at the beginning doth set 
forth good wine; and when men have well drunk, then that 
which is worse: but thou hast kept the good wine until now. 



ELISHA A TYPE OF CHRIST. 343 

This beginning of miracles did Jesus in Cana of Galilee, and 
manifested forth his glory; and his disciples believed on him. 
John 2: 1—11. 

Elisha giveth a son to the Shunammite who entertained him. 
This symbolizes the Spiritual blessings which Christ confers 
upon those who receive and entertain his ministers. 

Symbols. And it fell on a day, that Elisha passed to Shu- 
nem, where was a great woman: and she constrained him to 
eat bread. And so it was, that as oft as he passed by, he 
turned in thither to eat bread. And she said unto her hus- 
band, Behold now, I perceive that this is an holy man of God, 
which passeth by us continually. Let us make a little cham- 
ber, I pray thee, on the wall: and let us set for him there a 
bed, and a table, and a stool, and a candlestick: and it shall 
be, when he cometh to us, that he shall turn in thither. And 
it fell on a day, that he came thither, and he turned into the 
chamber, and lay there. And he said to Gehazi his servant, 
Call this Shunammite. And when he had called her, she 
stood before him. And he said unto him, Say now unto her, 
Behold, thou hast been careful for us with all this care: what 
is to be done for thee? wouldest thou be spoken for to the 
king, or to the captain of the host? And she answered, I 
dwell among mine own people. And he said, What then is 
to be done for her? And Gehazi answered, Verily she hath 
no child, and her husband is old. And he said, Call her. 
And when he had called her, she stood in the door. And he 
said, About this season, according to the time of life, thou 
shalt embrace a son. And she said, Nay, my lord, thou man 
of God, do not lie unto thine handmaid. And the woman 
conceived, and bare a son at that season that Elisha had said 
unto her, according to the time of life. 2 Kings 4: 8 — 17. 

Substantive. He that receiveth you, receiveth me; and he 
that receiveth me, receiveth him that sent me. He that re- 
ceiveth a prophet in the name of a prophet, shall receive a 
prophet's reward; and he that receiveth a righteous man in 
the name of a righteous man, shall receive a righteous man's 
reward. And whosoever shall give to drink unto one of 
these little ones, a cup of cold water only, in the name of a 



344 EXPOSITION OP THE TRINITIES. 

disciple, verily I say unto you, he shall in no wise lose his re- 
ward. Matt. 10: 40—42. 

Elisha raiseth the dead son of the Shunammite to life. — 
This typifies the raising to life the widow's son of Nain, by 
our Savior. 

Type. And when the child was grown, it fell on a day, 
that he went out to his father to the reapers. And he said 
unto his father, My head, my head. And he said 1o a lad, 
Carry him to his mother. And when he had taken him, and 
brought him to his mother, he sat on her knees till noon, and 
then died. And she went up, and laid him on the bed of the 
man of God, and shut the door upon him, and went out. 
And she called unto her husband, and said, Send me, I pray 
thee, one of the young men, and one of the asses, that I may 
run to the man of God, and come again. And he said, 
"Wherefore wilt thou go to him to-day? it is neither new- 
moon, nor sabbath. And she said, It shall be well. Then 
she saddled an ass, and said to her servant, Drive, and go 
forward; slack not thy riding for me, except I bid thee. So 
she went and came unto the mail of God to mount Carmel. 
And it came to pass, when the man of God saw her afar off, 
that he said to Gehazi his servant, Behold, yonder is that 
Shunammite: Run now, I pray thee, to meet her, and say unto 
her, Is it well with thee? Is it well with thy husband? Is it 
well with the child? And she answered, It is well. And 
when she came to the man of God to the hill, she caught him 
by the feet: but Gehazi came near to thrust her away. And 
the man of God said, Let her alone: for her soul is vexed 
within her: and the Lord hath hid it from me, and hath not 
told me. Then she said, Did I desire a son of my lord? did 
I not say, Do not deceive me? Then he said to Gehazi, Gird 
up thy loins, and take my staff in thine hand, and go thy way: 
if thou meet any man, salute him not; and if any salute thee, 
answer him not again: and lay my staff upon the face of the 
child. And the mother of the child said, As the Lord liveth, 
and as thy soul liveth, I will not leave thee. And he arose, 
and followed her. And Gehazi passed on before them, and 
laid the staff upon the face of the child; but there was neither 



ELISHA A TYPE OF CHRIST. 345 

voice, nor hearing. Wherefore he went again to meet him, 
and told him, saying, The child is not awaked. And when 
Elisha was come into the house, behold, the child was dead, 
and laid upon his bed. He went in therefore, and shut the 
door upon them twain, and prayed unto the Lord. And he 
went up, and lay upon the child, and put his mouth upon his 
mouth, and his eyes upon his eyes, and his hands upon his 
hands: and he stretched himself upon the child: and the flesh 
of the child waxed warm. Then he returned, and walked in 
the house to and fro: and went up, and stretched himself upon 
him: and the child sneezed seven times, and the child opened 
his eyes. And he called Gehazi, and said, Call the Shunam- 
mite. So he called her. And when she was come in unto 
him, he said, Take up thy son. Then she went in, and fell at 
his feet, and bowed herself to the ground, and took up her 
son, and went out. 2 Kings 4: 18 — 37. 

Antitype. And it came to pass the day after, that he went 
into a city called Nain: and many of his disciples went with 
him, and much people. Now when he came nigh to the gate 
of the city, behold, there was a dead man carried out, the 
only son of his mother, and she was a widow: and much peo- 
ple of the city was with her. And when the Lord saw her, 
he had compassion on her, and Said unto her, Weep not. And 
he came and touched the bier: and they that bare him stood 
still. And he Said, Young man, I say unto you, Arise. And 
he that was dead, sat up, and began to speak: And he delivered 
him unto his mother. And there came a fear on all: and they 
glorified God, saying, That a great Prophet is risen up among 
us: and, That God hath visited his people. And this rumor 
of him went forth throughout all Judea, and throughout all 
the region round about. And the disciples of John shewed 
him of all these things. Luke 7: 11 — 18. 

Elisha miraculously heals the poisonous pottage of the sons 
of the prophets, and feeds them with wholesome food. This 
symbolizes the power and grace of Christ in healing diseases 
and giving comfort and consolation to his people. 

Symbols. And Elisha came into Gilgal. And there was 
a dearth in the land: and the sons of the prophets were sit- 



346 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

ting before him: and he said unto his servant, Set on the 
great pot, and seethe pottage for the sons of the prophets. 
And one went out into the field to gather herbs, and found a 
wild vine, and gathered thereof wild gourds his lap full, and 
came and shred them into the pot of pottage: for they knew 
them not. So they poured out for the men to eat. And it 
came to pass, as they were eating of the pottage, that they 
cried out, and said, thou man of God, there is death in the 
pot. And they could not eat thereof. But he said, Then 
bring meal. And he cast it into the pot: and he said, Pour 
out for the people, that they may eat. And there was no 
harm in the pot. 2 Kings 4: 38 — 41. 

Substantive. And Jesus went about all Galilee, teaching 
in their synagogues, and preaching the gospel of the kingdom, 
and healing all manner of sickness, and all manner of diseases 
among the people. And his fame went throughout all Syria: 
and they brought unto him all sick people that were taken 
with divers diseases and torments, and those which were pos- 
sessed with devils, and those which were lunatic, and those 
that had the palsy: and he healed them. And there followed 
him great multitudes of people from Galilee, and from De- 
capolis, and from Jerusalem, and from Judea, and from be- 
yond Jordan. Matt. 4: 23—25. 

Eiisha miraculously feeds a multitude of people with twen- 
ty barley loaves, and some ears of corn. This typifies the 
feeding of the thousands by our Savior, and symbolizes the 
spiritual food with which he supplies his people. 

Symbols. And there came a man from Baal-shalisha, and 
brought the man of God bread from the first-fruits, twenty 
loaves of barley, and full ears of corn in the husk thereof. 
And he said, Give unto the people, that they may eat. And 
his servitor said, What ! should I set this before an hundred 
men? He said again, Give the people, that they may eat: for 
thus Saith the Lord, They shall eat, and shall leave thereof. 
So he set it before them, and they did eat, and left thereof, 
according to the word thereof. 2 Kings 4: 42 — 44. 

Substantive. And when it was evening, his disciples 
came to him, saying, This is a desert place, and the time is 



ELTSHA A TYPE OF CHRIST. 347 

now past; send the multitude away, that they may go into 
the villages, and buy themselves victuals. But Jesus Said 
unto them, They need not depart; give ye them to eat. And 
they say unto him, We have here but five loaves, and two 
fishes. He Said, Bring them hither to me. And he com- 
manded the multitude to sit down on the grass, and took the 
five loaves, and the two fishes, and looking up to heaven, he 
blessed, and brake, and gave the loaves to his disciples, and the 
disciples to the multitude. And they did all eat, and were 
filled: and they took up of the fragments that remained twelve 
baskets full. And they that had eaten were about five thou- 
sand men, beside women and children. Matt. 14: 15 — 21. 

Naaman, the Syrian general, applying to Elisha for a cure 
of leprosy, is sent to wash in Jordan, and is miraculously 
cured. This symbolizes the cleansing and sanctifying influ- 
ences of the Spirit of Christ on sinners infected with the lep- 
rosy of sin. 

Symbols. And it was so, when Elisha the man of God 
had heard that the king of Israel had rent his clothes, that 
he sent to the king, saying, Wherefore hast thou rent thy 
clothes? let him come now to me, and he shall know that 
there is a prophet in Israel. So Naaman came with his 
horses and with his chariot, and stood at the door of the house 
of Elisha. And Elisha sent a messenger unto him, saying, 
Go and wash in Jordan seven times, and thy flesh shall come 
again to thee, and thou shalt be clean. But Naaman was 
wroth, and went away, and said, Behold, I thought, He will 
surely come out to me, and stand, and call on the name of the 
Lord his God, and strike his hand over the place, and recov- 
er the leper. Are not Abana and Pharpar, rivers of Damas- 
cus, better than all the waters of Israel? may I not wash in 
them, and be clean? So he turned and went away in a rage. 
And his servants came near, and spake unto him, and said, 
My father, if the prophet had bid thee do some great thing, 
wouldest thou not have done it? how much rather then, when 
he saith to thee, Wash, and be clean? Then went he down, 
and dipped himself seven times in Jordan, according to the 
saying of the man of God: and his flesh came again like unto 



348 EXPOSITION OP THE TRINITIES. 

the flesh of a little child, and he was clean. 2 Kings 5: 
3—14. 

Substantive. Put them in mind to be subject to princi- 
palities and powers, to obey magistrates, to be ready to every 
good work, To speak evil of no man, to be no brawlers, but 
gentle, shewing all meekness unto all men. For we ourselves 
also were sometimes foolish, disobedient, deceived, serving 
divers lusts and pleasures, living in malice and envy, hateful, 
and hating one another. But after that the kindness and love 
of God our Savior toward man appeared. Not by works of 
righteousness which we have done, but according to his mercy 
he saved us, by the washing of regeneration, and renewing of 
the Holy Ghost: Which he shed on us abundantly, through 
Jesus Christ our Savior: That being justified by his grace, 
we should be made heirs according to the hope of eternal 
life. This is a faithful saying, and these things I will that 
thou affirm constantly, that they which have believed in God 
might be careful to maintain good works. These things are 
good and profitable unto men. Titus 3: 1 — 8. 

Elisha findeth the axe-head that had fallen into the water' 
by causing it to swim. This symbolizes the deliverances 
Christ affords his people in the deep waters of affliction. 

Symbols. And the sons of the prophets said unto Elisha, 
Behold now, the place where we dwell with thee is too strait 
for us. Let us go, we pray thee, unto Jordan, and take thence 
every man a beam, and let us make us a place there, where 
we may dwell. And he answered, Go ye. And one said, 
Be content, I pray thee, and go with thy servants. And he 
answered, I will go. So he went with them. And when 
they came to Jordan, they cut down wood. But as one was 
felling a beam, the axe-head fell into the water: and he cried, 
and said, Alas, master ! for it was borrowed. And the man 
of God said, Where fell it ? And he shewed him the place. 
And he cut down a stick, and cast in thither ; and the iron 
did swim. Therefore said he, Take it up to thee. And he 
put forth his hand, and took it. 2 Kings 6: 1 — 7. 

Substantive. And Peter answered him and said, Lord, 
if it be thou, bid me come unto thee on the water. And he 



ELISHA A TYPE OF CHRIST. 349 

Said, Come. And when Peter was come down out of the 
ship, he walked on the water, to go to Jesus. But when he 
saw the wind boisterous, he was afraid ; and beginning to 
sink, he cried, saying, Lord, save me. And immediately Je- 
sus stretched forth his hand, and caught him, and Said unto 
him, thou of little faith, wherefore didst thou doubt? And 
when they were come into the ship, the wind ceased. Then 
they that were in the ship came and worshipped him, &ajing f 
Of a truth thou art the Son of God. Matt. 14: 28—33. 

The army sent by the king of Syria to apprehend Elisha, 
are smitten with blindness. This symbolizes the power of 
the Spirit through Christ to discomfeit and subdue his foes. 

Symbols. And he said, Go, and spy where he is, that I 
may send and fetch him. And it was told him, saying, Be- 
hold, he is in Dothan. Therefore sent he thither horses and 
chariots, and a great host: and they came by night, and com- 
passed the city about. And when the servant of the man of 
God was risen early, and gone forth, behold, an host compas- 
sed the city both with horses and chariots. And his servant 
said unto him, Alas, my master ! how shall we do? And he 
answered, Fear not: for they that be with us are more than 
they that be with them. And Elisha prayed, and said, Lord, 
I pray thee, open his eyes, that he may see. And the Lord 
opened the eyes of the young man ; and he saw ; and behold, 
the mountain was full of horses and chariots of fire round 
about Elisha. And when they came down to him, Elisha 
prayed unto the Lord, and said, smite this people, I pray 
thee, with blindness. And he smote them with blindness, 
according to the word of Elisha. 2 Kings 13 — 18. 

Substantive. Then Saul, (who is also called Paul) filled 
with the Holy Ghost, set his eyes on him, And said, full of 
all subtilty, and all michief, thou child of the devil, thou 
enemy of all righteousness, wilt thon not cease to pervert 
the right ways of the Lord ? And now behold, the hand of 
the Lord is upon thee, and thou shalt be blind, not seeing the 
sun for a season. And immediately there fell on him a mist 
and a darkness; and he w r cnt about seeking some to lead him 
by the hand. Then the deputy, when he saw what was done, 



350 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

believed, being astonished at the doctrine of the Lord. Acts 
13: 9_12. 

Elisha, leading the Syrian array blind into Samaria, prays 
that their eyes may be opened, whereupon they discover their 
perilous condition, and the king of Israel asks leave of Elisha 
to smite them, but Elish orders that they be fed and sent 
home to their master. This symbolizes the grace of Christ 
in forgiving his enemies. 

Symbols. And Elisha said unto them, This is not the 
way, neither is this the city: follow me, and I will bring you 
to the man whom ye seek. But he led them to Samaria. — 
And it came to pass, when they were come into Samaria, that 
Elisha said, Lord, open the eyes of these men, that they may 
see. And the Lord opened their eyes, and they saw ; and 
behold, they were in the midst of Samaria. And the king of 
Israel said unto Elisha, when he saw them, My father, shall 
I smite them ? shall I smite them ? And he answered, Thou 
shalt not smite them: wouldest thou smite those whom thou 
hast taken captive with thy sword and with |thy bow ? set 
bread and water before thom, that they may eat and drink, 
and go to their master. And he prepared great provision 
for them: and when they had eaten and drunk, he sent them 
away, and they went to their master. So the bands of Syria 
came no more into the land of Israel. 2 Kings 6: 19 — 23. 

Substantive. Ye have heard that it hath been said, Thou 
shalt love thy neighbor, and hate thine enemy: But I Say 
unto you, Love your enemies, bless them that curse you, do 
good to them that hate you, and pray for them which de- 
spitefully use you, and pesecute you ; That ye may be the 
children of your Father which ^is in heaven: for he maketh 
his sun to rise on the evil and on the good, and sendeth rain 
on the just and on the unjust. For if ye love them which 
love you, what reward have ye ? do not even the publicans 
the same ? And if ye salute your brethren only, what do ye 
more than others ? do not even the publicans so ? Be ye 
therefore perfect, even as your Father which is in heaven is 
perfect. Matt. 5: 43—48. 

The land of Israel being visited with famine, so that wo- 



ELISHA A TYPE OF CHRIST. 351 

men eat their own children, the king charged it upon Elisha, 
and sent officers to slay him ; but Elisha disregards them 
and escapes. This symbolizes the chief priests and the Phari- 
sees of the Jews sending officers to take Christ, and the officers 
becoming convicted and returning without him. 

Symbols. And it came to pass, when the king heard the 
words of the woman, that he rent his clothes ; and he passed 
by upon the wall, and the people looked, and behold, he had 
sackcloth within upon his flesh. Then he said, God do so 
and more also to me, if the head of Elisha the son of Shaphat 
shall stand on him this day. But Elisha sat in his house, 
and the elders sat with him ; but ere the messenger came to 
him, he said to the elders, See ye how this son of a murderer 
hath sent to take away mine head ? look, when the messen- 
ger cometh, shut the door, and hold him fast at the door: is 
not the sound of his master's feet behind him ? And while 
he yet talked with them, behold, the messenger came down 
unto him: and he said, Behold, this evil is of the Lord; what, 
should I wait for the Lord any longer? 2 Kings 6: 30 — 33. 

Substantive. Then came the officers to the chief priests 
and Pharisees ; and they said unto them, Why have ye not 
brought him The officers answered, Never man Spake like 
this man. Then answered them the Pharisees, Are ye also 
deceived ? Have any of the rulers, or of the Pharisees be- 
lieved on him ? But this people who knoweth not the law 
are cursed. Nicodemus saith unto them, (he that come to 
Jesus by night, being one of them,) Doth our law judge any 
man before it hear him, and know what he doeth ? They 
answered and said unto him, Art thou also of Galilee ? Search, 
and look: for out of Galilee ariseth no prophet. And every 
man went unto his own house. John 7: 45 — 53. 

Elisha falling sick, and aware that the time of his depart- 
ure was at hand, symbolically shows the king of Israel by 
the shooting of arrows that he should be delivered from the 
yoke of Syria, he then dies and is buried, after which his 
bones resussitates a dead man who was thrown in his grave. 
This symbolizes the power of Cheist's resurrection and of the 
human family through the Spirit. 



352 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

Symbols. Now Elisha was fallen sick of his sickness 
whereof lie died. And Joash the king of Israel came down 
unto him, and wept over his face, and said, my father, my 
father ! the chariot of Israel, and the horsemen thereof! And 
Elisha said unto him, Take bow and arrows. And he took 
unto him bow and arrows. And he said to the king of Is- 
rael, Put thine hand upon the bow. And he put his hand 
upon it: and Elisha put his hands upon the king's hands. — 
And he said, Open the window eastward ; and he opened it. 
Then Elisha said, Shoot ; and he shot. And he said. The 
arrow of the Lord's deliverance, and the arrow of delivcance 
from Syria: for thou shalt smite the Syrians in Aphek, till 
thou have consumnd them. And he said, Take the arrows ; 
and he took them. And he said unto the king of Israel, Smite 
upon the ground ; and he smote thrice, and stayed. And the 
man of God was wroth with him, and said, Thou shouldest 
have smitten five or six times ; then hadst thou smitten Syria 
till thou hadst consumed it: whereas now thou shalt smite 
Syria but thrice. And Elisha died, and they buried him. — 
And the bands of the Moabites invaded the land at the com- 
ing in of the year. And it came to pass, as they were bury- 
ing a man, that behold, they spied a band of men ; and they 
east the man into the sepulchre of Elisha: and when the man 
was let down, and touched the bones of Elisha, he revived, 
and stood up on his feet. 2 Kings 13: 14 — 21. 

Substantive. And many of the Jews came to Martha and 
Mary, to comfort them concerning their brother. Then Mar- 
tha, as soon as she heard that Jesus was coming, went and 
met him: bat Mary sat still in the houso. Then said Martha 
unto Jesus, Lord, if thou hadst been here, my brother had not 
died. But I know that even now, whatsoever thou wilt ask 
of God, God will give it thee. Jesus Saith unto her, Thy 
brother shall rise again. Martha saith unto him, I know that 
he shall rise again in the resurrection at the last day. Jesns 
Saith unto her, I am the resurrection, and the life: he that be- 
lieveth in me, though he were dead, yet shall he live: And 
whosoever liveth, and believeth in me, shall never die. Be- 
lievest thou this ? She saith unto him, Yea, Lord: I believe 



ELISHA A TYPE OF CHRIST. 353 

that thou art the Christ, the Son of God, which should come 
into the world. John 11: 19—27. 

Thus ends the mediatorial office, the prophetic ministry and 
the miraculous acts of the prophet Elisha. Elisha, the son 
of Shaphat, and of the city of Abel-miholah, commenced his 
prophetic career, about the year 906, before Christ. We are 
not told of what tribe he was, but from the place of his resi- 
dence, we infer he was of the tribe of Manassah, as Abel- 
miholah was in the bounds of that tribe. Elijah was ordered 
to go and anoint him to be a prophet of the Lord in his stead, 
and successor. Elijah found him ploughing with twelve yoke 
of oxen, and he with the twelfth, when he cast his mantle 
upon him, which seems to have been the symbol and the 
means of communicating the Divine Spirit ; upon which Eli- 
sha immediately left his oxen and plough and ran after Elijah. 
When Elijah was about to be translated to heaven, he re- 
quested a double portion of his Spirit, which he received, and 
which proves that the respective types of Christ were endued 
with different portions of the Spirit of the Father, aud in none 
did the Spirit dwell in its fullness, but in the Son of Mary, 
who was the Son of God. 

The numerous miracles performed by our prophet through 
the Spirit of God, stand upon record as attestations of his 
Divine commission and typical character: and our gratitude 
to God for the gift of this and other eminent prophets to the 
world should be enhanced in the remembrance of the unspeak- 
able blessings, which have innured to us through their in- 
strumentality. The many and astounding miracles wrought 
by this prophet has dubbed him with the epithet of the pro- 
phet of miracles, the most of which we have noticed in the 
history of his Administration. The miracle of his striking 
the Syrian army blind and then leading them to Samaria as 
captives by the halter, his giving them up entirely to the will 
of their enemies, and then saving them from slaughter, feed- 
ing them, and sending them home to their master, are all 
proofs of the Spirit which actuated him. And the whole 
history of the case is not only interesting and profitable, but 
really amusing. 

23 



354 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

Elisha, finding himself growing old and the time of his de- 
parture at hand, prepares to meet his destiny, and in the year 
838, before Christ, he paid the debt of nature and gave up 
the ghost, having officiated as mediator between the Father 
andlsrael, and the prophet of the Lord during the long period 
of fifty eight years: approved of the Master, and lamented by 
his people. 

"And Elisha died, and they buried him." 



CHAPTER V. 



OF THE REIGN OF HESEKIAH, KING OF JUDAH, A TYPE OF 
CHRIST AS A KING. 

Hezekiak's first acts after coming to the throne of Israel, 
were to destroy idolatry and restore the true worship of God 
in the Temple. This symbolizes the cleansing of the Temple 
by our Savior and reigning in the hearts of his people. 

Symbols. Now it came to pass in the third year of Hosea 
son of Elah king of Israel, that Hezekiah the son of Ahas 
king of Judah began to reign. Twenty and five years old 
was he when he began to reign ; and he reigned twenty and 
nine years in Jerusalem. His mother's name also was Abi 
the daughter of Zachariah. And he did that which was right 
in the sight of the Lord, according to all that David his fa- 
ther did. He removed the high places, and brake the images, 
and cut down the groves, and brake in pieces the brazen ser- 
pent that Moses had made: for unto those days the children 
of Israel did burn insense to it: and he called it Nehushtan. 
He trusted in the Lord God of Israel ; so that after him was 
none like him among all the kings of Judah, nor any that 
were before him. For he clave to the Lord, and departed 



HEZEKIAH A TYPE OP CHRIST. 355 

not from following him, but kept his commandments, which 
the Lord commanded Moses. And the Lord was with him: 
and he prospered whithersoever he went forth: and he rebel- 
led against the king of Assyria, and served him not. He 
smote the Philistines, even unto Gaza, and the borders there- 
of, from the tower of the watchmen k to the fenced city. 2 
Kings 18: 1—8. 

In the seventh verse [of the above section* \t is written, — 
<l And the Lord was with him." This implies, the Father, the 
Word, and the Holy Ghost, for these^T/iree are One. 

The Father, the Word, and the Holy Ghost, then ordained 
a Covenant in the hands of Hezekiah, as mediator, between the 
Father and Israel ; and hence the Compound, Executive, 
Typical Trinity in Redeption, stands thus : The Father, Hez- 
ekiah, and the Holy Ghost. This Trinity operates throughout 
the Administration of Hezekiah. 

The substantive to the above section of the Typical Trinity 
is the following : 

Substantive. And Jesus |went 'into the Temple of God, 
and cast out all them that sold and bought^in the temple, and 
overthrew the tables of the mo/iey-changers, and the seats of 
them that sold doves. And Said unto them, It is written, 
My house shall be called the house of prayer, but ye have 
made it a den of thieves. And the blind [and the lame came 
to him in the temple ; and he healed\ them. And when the 
chief priests and scribes saw the wonderful things that he 
did, and the children crying in the temple, and saying Hozan- 
nah to the Son of David ; they were sore displeased, And 
said unto him, Hearest ^thou what these say ? And Jesus 
Saith unto them, Yea: have ye never read, Out of the mouth 
of babes and sucklings thou hast perfected praise ? Matt. 
21: 12—16. 

Emblems. And Hezekiah received the letter of the hand 
of the messengers, and read it: and Hezekiah went up into 
the house of the Lord, and spread it before the Lord. And 
Hezekiah prayed before the Lord and said, Lord God of 
Israel, which dwellest between the cherubims, thou art the 
God, even thou alone, of all the kingdoms of the earth ; thou 



356 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

hast made heaven and earth. Lord, bow down thine ear, 
and hear: open, Lord, thine eyes, and see: and hear the 
words of Sennacherib, which hath sent him to reproach the 
living God. Of a truth, Lord, ihe kings of Assyria have de- 
stroyed the nations of their lands. And have cast their gods 
into the fire: for they were no gods, but the work of men's 
hands, wood and stone: therefore they have destroyed them. 
Now therefore, Lord God, I beseech thee, save thou us out 
of his hand, that all the kingdoms of the earth may know 
that thou art the Lord God, even thou only. 2 Kings 19: 
14—19. 

Substantive. If ye love me keep my commandments: And 
I will pray the Father, and he shall give you another Com- 
forter, that he may abide with you for ever ; Even the Spirit 
of truth ; whom the world cannot receive, because it seeth 
him not. neither knoweth him: but ye know him : for he 
dwelleth with you, and shall be in you. I will not leave you 
comfortless: I will come to you. Yet a little while, and the 
world seeth me no more ; but ye see me: because I live, ye 
shall live also. At that day ye shall know that I am in my 
Father, and ye .in me, and I in you. He that hath my com- 
mandments, and keepeth them, he it is that loveth me: and 
he that loveth me, shall be loved of my Father, and I will 
manifest myself to him. John 14: 15 — 22. 

In answer io the prayer of Hezekiah, king of Judah, the 
angel of the Lord smote an hundred four-score and five thou- 
sand of the Assyrian army in one night. So Sennacherib 
departed in dismay to his own country, and was soon after 
slain in his idol temple by his own sons. This symbolizes 
Christ's victory over his spiritual enemies by various instru- 
mentalities. 

Symbols. And it came to pass that night, that the angel 
of the Lord went out, and smote in the camp of the Assyrians 
an hundred, four-score and five thousand: and when they 
arose early in the morning, behold, they were all dead corps- 
es. So Sennacherib, king of Assyria, departed, and went 
and returned, and dwelt at Nineveh. And it came to pass, 
as he was worshipping in the house of Nisroch his god, that 



EEZEKIAH A TYPE OF CHRIST. 357 

Adrammelech and Sharezer, his sons, smote him with the 
sword: and they escaped into the land of Armenia: and Esar- 
haddon his son reigned in his stead. 2 Kings 19: 35 — 37. 

Subtsantive. Then Jesus sent the multitude away, and 
went into the house: and his disciples came unto him, saying, 
Declare unto us the parable of the tares of the field. He 
answered and Said unto them, He that soweth the good seed 
is the Son of man ; The field is the world ; the good seed 
are the children of the kingdom ; but the tares are the chil- 
dren of the wieked one ; The enemy that sowed them is the 
devil ; the harvest is the end of the world ; and the reapers 
are the angels. As therefore the tares are gathered and burn- 
ed in the fire ; so shall it be in the end of this world. The 
Son of man shall send forth his angels, and they shall gather 
out of his kingdom all things that offend, and them which do 
iniquity: And shall cast them into a furnace of fire: there 
shall be wailing and gnashing of teeth. Then shall the right- 
eous shine forth as the sun in the kingdom of their Father. — 
"Who hath ears to hear, let him hear. Matt. 13: 36—43. 

Hezekiah having received a message of death, prays to the 
Lord that the decree should be reversed, whereupon the Lord 
lengthened out his Yite fifteen years, to confirm Hezekiah in 
which promise, the sun-dial of Ahaz went back ten degrees. 
This symbolizes the efficacy of Christ's intercession for his 
people. 

Symbols. In those days was Hezekiah sick unto death. 
And the prophet Isaiah the son of Amoz came to him, and 
said unto him, Thus Saith the Lord, Set thine house in order; 
for thou shalt die, and not live. Then he turned his face 
unto the wall, and prayed unto the Lord, saying, I beseech 
thee, Lord, remember now how I have walked before thee 
in truth and with a perfect heart, and have done that which 
is good in thy sight. And Hezekiah wept sore. And it 
came to pass, afore Isaiah was gone out into the middle 
court, that the Word of the Lord came to him, Saying, Turn 
again, and tell Hezekiah the captain of my people, Thus Saith 
the Lord, the God of David thy father, 1 have heard thy 
prayer, I have seen thy tears: behold, I will heal thee: on 



358 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

the third day thou shalt go up unto the house of the Lord. — 
And I will add unto thy days fifteen years; and I will deliver 
thee and this city out of the hand of the king of Assyria ; and 
I will defend this city for mine own sake, and for my servant 
David's sake. And Isaiah said, Take a lump of figs. And 
they took and laid it on the boil, and he recovered. And 
Hezekiah said unto Isaiah, What shall be the sign that the 
Lord will heal me, and that I shall go up into the house of 
the Lord the third day ? Isaiah said, This sign shalt thou 
have of the Lord, that the Lord will do the thing that he 
hath Spoken; shall the shadow go forward ten degrees, or 
go back ten degrees ? And Hezekiah answered, It is a light 
thing for the shadow to go down ten degrees: nay, but let 
the shadow return backward ten degrees. And Isaiah the 
prophet cried unto the Lord: and he brought the shadow ten 
degrees backward, by which it had gone down in the dial of 
Ahaz. 2 Kings 20: 1—11. 

Substantive. Afterward he appeared unto the eleven, as 
they sat at meat, and upbraided them with their unbelief, and 
hardness of heart, because they believed not them which had 
seen him after he was risen. And he said unto them, Go ye 
into all the world, and preach the gospel to every creature. 
He that believeth and is baptized, shall be saved: but he that 
believeth not, shall be damned. And these signs shall follow 
them that believe: in my name shall they cast out devils: 
they shall speak with new tongues: They shall take up ser- 
pents: and if they drink any deadly thing, it shall not hurt 
them: they shall lay hands on the sick, and they shall recov- 
er. So then, after the Lord had spoken unto them, he was 
received up into heaven, and sat on the right hand of God. 
And they went forth and preached every where, the Lord 
working with them, and confirming the Word with signs fol- 
lowing. Mark 16: 14—20. 

Hezekiah being restored to health, the Lord increased him 
in riches, magnificence and power, by reason of which he be- 
came vain; and is told by the prophet Isaiah that his king- 
dom shall be subdued, his treasures taken, and his sons be 
made servants to the king of Babylon. This symbolizes the 



HEZEKIAH A TYPE OF CHRIST. 359 

spiritual pride of the Church in her temporal prosperity, and. 
God's chastisements to humble her. 

Symbols. And Hezekiah had exceeding much riches and 
honor: and he made himself treasuries for silver, and for gold, 
and for precious stones, and for spices, and for shields, and for 
all manner of pleasant jewels: Storehouses also for the in- 
crease of corn, and wine, and oil: and stalls for all manner 
of beasts, and cotes for flocks. Moreover, he provided cities, 
and possessions of flocks and herds in abundance: for God 
had given him substance very much. This same Hezekiah 
also stopped the upper water-course of Gihon, and brought 
it straight down to the west side of the city of David. And 
Hezekiah prospered in all his works. Howbeit, in the busi- 
ness of the ambassadors of the princes of Babylon, who sent 
unto him to inquire of the wonder that was done in the land, 
God left him, to try him, that he might know all that was in 
his heart. Now the rest of the acts of Hezekiah, and his 
goodness, behold, they are written in the vision of Isaiah the 
prophet, the son of Amoz, and in the book of the kings of 
Judah and Israel. And Hezekiah slept with his fathers, and 
they buried him in the chiefest of the sepulchres of the sons 
of David: and all Judah and the inhabitants of Jerusalem did 
him honor at his death: and Manasseh his son reigned in his 
stead. 2 Chron. 32: 27—33. 

Substantive. He shall cry unto me, Thou art my Father, 
my God, and the Rock of my salvation. Also I will make 
him my first-horn, higher than the kings of the earth. My 
mercy will I keep for him for evermore, and my covenant 
shall stand fast with him. His seed also will I make to en- 
dure for ever, and his throne as the days of heaven. If his 
children forsake my law, and walk not in my judgments: If 
they break my statutes, and keep not my commandments: 
Then will I visit their transgression with the rod, and their 
iniquity with stripes. Nevertheless, my loving-kindness will 
I not utterly take from him, nor suffer my faithfulness to fail. 
My covenant will I not break, nor alter the thing that is 
gone out of my lips. Once have I sworn by my holiness that 
I will not lie unto David. His seed shall endure for ever, 



360 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

and his throne as the sun before me. Psalms 89: 26 — 36. 

We now take leave of king Hezekiah as a type of Christ. 

Hezekiah was the son of Ahaz and Abi, of the tribe of Ju- 
dah. He was born the year 749, before Christ, and ascend- 
ed the throne of Judah at the age of 25 years. He reigned 
28 or 29 years, and died before Christ 694 years, at the age 
of 55. 

But few kings of Israel reigned and died with more credit 
to themselves and benefit to the church and nation than Hez- 
ekiah; few seem to have been more devoted in their lives, or 
have left stronger evidences behind them of the prevalence 
of prayer, for we are told on one occasion, he had fifteen 
years added to his life, as the result of fervent prayer, and 
which were the most peaceful and prosperous of his life. — 
Solomon excepted, none ever excelled him in wealth, or splen- 
dor; and judging from the victories he achieved over his ene- 
mies he must have been a sagacious statesman and a brave 
warrior. His vanity, arising from his prosperous and exalt- 
ed condition, is about all alledged against him; and for which 
the Lord rebuked the nation and chastised his posterity. — 
The great benefits conferred by him on his nation and people 
procured for him their love and gratitude, and he died la- 
mented by an affectionate people; having left to the church and 
the world, a character pure and elevated, and in many re- 
spects, worthy of imitation. 

'And Hezekiah slept with his fathers, and they buried him 
in the chiefest of the sepulchres of the sons of David: and 
all Judah, and the inhabitants of Jerusalem, did him honor 
at his death: and Manasseh his son reigned in his stead.' 



JOSIAH A TYPE OF CHRIST. 361 



CHAPTER VI. 

OF THE REIGN OF JOSIAH, KING OF JUDAH, AS A TYPE OF CHRIST. 

Josiali orders the house of the Lord to be repaired. Hil- 
kiah, the high priest, finds the book of the Law in the house 
of the Lord and shows it to the king, upon the reading of 
which he is greatly troubled, and sends to Huldah, the proph- 
etess, to inquire what the will of the Lord was concerning it. 
The prophetess makes known to Josiah the Word of the Lord, 
his purposes towards the Temple, and his gracious designs 
toward king Josiah. 

Historian. And she said unto them, Thus Saith the Lord 
God of Israel, Tell the man that sent you to me, Thus Saith 
the Lord, Behold, I will bring evil upon this place, and upon 
the inhabitants thereof, even all the words of the book which 
the king of Judah hath read: Because they have forsaken me, 
and have burned incense unto other gods, that they might 
provoke me to anger with all the works of their hands: there- 
fore my wrath shall be kindled against this place, and shall 
not be quenched. But to the king of Judah which sent you 
to inquire of the Lord, thus sail ye say to him, Thus Saith the 
Lord God of Israel, As touching the words which thou hast 
heard: Because thine heart was tender, and thou hast hum- 
bled thyself before the Lord, when thou heardest what I spake 
against this place, and against the inhabitants thereof, that 
they should become a desolation and a curse, and hast rent 
thy clothes, and wept before me: I also have heard thee, Saith 
the Lord. Behold, therefore, I will gather thee unto thy fa- 
thers, and thou shalt be gathered into thy grave in peace: and 
thine eyes shall not see all the evil which I will bring upon 
this place. And they brought the king word again. 2 Kings 
22: 15—20. 

•Tn the above section, we find a Covenant between the Fa- 
ther and Josiah, through the prophetess, in these words, — 



362 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

'Thus Saith the Lord God of Israel, Tell the man that sent 
you to me.' 

Here we find the Spiritual Trinity in Creation and Legis- 
lation, — the Father, the Word, and the Holy Ghost, through 
which the Word came to Josiah, and the Spirit accompanying 
the Word, constituted and appointed Josiah the mediator of the 
Covenant, and then the Compound Executive Spiritual Trin- 
ity stands thus, — The Father, Josiah, and the Holy Ghost; and 
thus the Trinity operates throughout the Administration of 
Josiah. 

The substantive of the above section is as follows : 

Substantive. And the Jews' passover was at hand, and 
Jesus went up to Jerusalem, And found in the temple those 
that sold oxen, and sheep, and doves, and the changers of 
money, sitting: And when he had made a scourge of small 
cords, he drove them all out of the temple, and the sheep, and 
the oxen: and poured out the changers' money, and overthrew 
the tables: And Said unto them that sold doves, Take these 
things hence: make not my Father's house an house of mer- 
chandise. And his disciples remembered that it was written, 
The zeal of thine house hath eaten me up. John 2: 13 — 17. 

Josiah caused the book of the Law to be read in a solemn 
assembly, and renews the Covenant with the people to ob- 
serve and keep it. He destroys idolatry.. This symbolizes 
the reading of the Law by our Savor in the synagogue of the 
Jews. 

Symbols. And the king sent, and they gathered unto him 
all the elders of Judah and of Jerusalem. And the king 
went up into the house of the Lord, and all the men of Judah 
and all the inhabitants of Jerusalem with him, and the priests, 
and the prophets, and all the people, both small and great: 
and he read in their ears all the words of the book of the 
covenant which was found in the house of the Lord. And 
the king stood by a pillar, and made a covenant before the 
Lord, to walk after the Lord, and to keep his commandments, 
and his testimonies, and his statutes, with all their heart, and 
all their soul, to perform the words of this covenant that were 
written in the book. And all the people stood to this cove- 



JOSIAH A TYPE OF CHRIST. 363 

nant. And the king commanded Hilkiah the high priest, and 
the priests of the second order, and the keepers of the door, 
to bring forth out of the temple of the Lord all the vessels 
that were made for Baal, and for the grove, and for all the 
host of heaven: and he burned them without Jerusalem in the 
fields of Kidron, and carried the ashes of them unto Beth-el. 
And he put down the idolatrous priests, whom the kings of 
Judah had ordained to burn incense in the high places in the 
cities of Judah, and in the places round about Jerusalem: 
them also that burned incense unto Baal, to the sun, and to 
the moon, and to the planets, and to all the host of heaven. 
And he brought out the grove from the house of the Lord, 
without Jerusalem, unto the brook Kidron, and burned it at 
the brook Kidron, and stamped it small to powder, and cast 
the powder thereof upon the graves of the children of the 
people. And he brake down the houses of the sodomites that 
were by the house of the Lord, where the women wove hang- 
ings for the grove. 2 Kings 23: 1—7. 

Substantive. And he came to Nazareth, where he had 
been brought up: and, as his custom was, he went into the 
synagogue on the sabbath-day, and stood up for to read. And 
there was delivered unto him the book of the prophet Esaias. 
And when he had opened the book, he found the place where 
it was written, The Spirit of the Lord is upon me, because 
he hath anointed me to preach the gospel to the poor; he hath 
sent me to heal the broken-hearted, to preach deliverance to 
the captives, and recovering of sight to the blind, to set at 
liberty them that are bruised, To preach the acceptable year 
of the Lord. And he closed the book, and he gave it again 
to the minister, and sat down. And the eyes of all them that 
were in the synagogue were fastened on him. And he began 
to say unto them, This day is this scripture fulfilled in your 
ears. And all bare him, witness; and wondered at the gra- 
cious words which proceeded out of his mouth. And they 
said, Is not this Joseph's son? Luke 4: 16 — 2'2. 

Josiah keeps a great and most solemn passover in ratifies," 
tion and confirmation of the Covenant which had been re- 
newed. This typifies the ratification and confirmation of the 



364 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

New and everlasting Covenant of the Christian Dispensa- 
tion, by the sacrifice of Christ upon the Cross. 

Types. And the king commanded all the people, saying, 
Keep the passover unto the Lord your God, as it is written 
in the book of this covenant. Surely there was holden no 
such a passover from the days of the judges that judged Isra- 
el, nor in all the days of the kings of Israel, nor of the kings 
of Judah: But in the eighteenth year of king Josiah, wherein 
this passover was holden to the Lord in Jerusalem. More- 
over, the workers with familiar spirits, and the wizards, and 
the images, and the idols, and all the abominations that were 
spied in the land of Judah and in Jerusalem, did Josiah put 
away, that he might perform the words of the law which were 
written in the book that Hilkiah the priest found in the 
house of the Lord. And like unto him was there no king 
before him, that turned to the Lord with all his heart, and 
with all his soul, and with all his might, according to all the 
law of Moses; neither after him arose there any like him. 
2 Kings 23: 21 — 25. In his days Pharaoh-nechoh king of 
Egypt went up against the king of Assyria to the river Eu- 
prates: and king Josiah went against him; and he slew him 
at Megiddo, when he had seen him. And his servants carri- 
ed him in a chariot dead from Megiddo, and brought him to 
Jerusalem, and buried him in his own sepulchre. And the 
people of the land took Jehoahaz the son of Josiah, and anoint- 
ed him, and made him king in his father's stead. 2 Kings 
23: 29, 30. 

Substantive. Jesus, when he had cried again with a loud 
voice, yielded up the Ghost. And behold, the vail of the tem- 
ple was rent in twain from the top to the bottom: and the 
earth did quake, and the rocks rent: And the graves were 
opened, and many bodies of the saints which slept, arose, 
and came out of the graves after his resurrection, and went 
into the holy city, and appeared unto many. Now when the 
centurion, and they that were with him, watching Jesus, saw 
the earth-quake, and those things that were done, they feared 
greatly, saying, Truly this was the Son of God. Matt. 27: 
50—54. 



JOSIAH A TYPE OF CHRIST. 365 

Thus ends the reign and life of Jo-siah, King of Judah. He 
was the son of Amon, king of Judah, and Jedidah, the daugh- 
ter of Adaiah, of Boscath. He began to reign in his child- 
hood, being no more than eight years old; 936 years before 
Christ, and died before Christ 607 years, at the age of 38 
years, having reigned 30 years. 

Josiah was one of those pious and good men so seldom 
known as kiugs, and stands as green spots upon the page of 
history amid the arid deserts of depravity and crime, that fill 
the world with the enormity of their deeds of darkness, and 
chill the heart at the sad picture of deeds stained with blood. 
The Reformations he achieved in church and state stand out 
prominent upon the page of Sacred Writ in commendation of 
his virtues, and approval of his heroic and magnanimous 
deeds; and perhaps a greater eulogy was never passed upon 
any man than is contained in the words of Inspiration in re- 
lation to king Josiah: "And like unto him was there no king 
before him, that turned to the Lord with all his heart, and 
with all his soul, and with all his might, according to all the 
law of Moses: neither after him arose there any like him." 

His cleansing the Temple, in which act the Book of the Law 
was found; his destroying idolatry throughout the kingdom; 
the great Reformation which he effected by his wisdom, zeal, 
and pious devotion to the duties of the Jewish religion, and 
the glorious success which crowned his efforts, all combine to 
place king Josiah in the front rank of cannonized saints and 
heroes who have ever been as the salt of the earth, and as 
cities upon hills that are seen afar off. Memory adverts to 
them as beacon stars in the pathway of life, and the heart re- 
joices in the power and efficacy of the grace of God, in en- 
lightening the mind, purifying the heart, and prompting to, 
and assisting in the execution of the great works which will 
finally usher in and crown the latter day glory. No doubt 
Josiah lost his life in his efforts to promote the interests of 
the Jewish church and kingdom, and thus considered, he gave 
his life a sacrifice for the Redemption of Israel. 

'In his days Pharaoh-nechoh king of Egypt went up against 
the king of Assyria to the river Euphrates: and king Josiah 



366 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

went against him; and he slew him at Megiddo, when he had 
seen him. And his servants carried him in a chariot dead 
from Megiddo, and brought him to Jerusalem, and buried 
him in his own sepulchre.' 



AN EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 



-# « ■* , o*» » *- 



CHAPTER I. 

OF CYRUS, KING OF PERSIA, AS A TYPE OF CHRIST. 

At the end of the seventy years' captivity which the Jews 
experienced in consequence of their rebellion and idolatry, 
the Lord put it into the heart of Cyrus the king to make 
provision for the return of the Jews to their native land, and 
for the rebuilding of the Temple. 

Now in the first year of Cyrus, king of Persia, that the 
Word of the Lord by the mouth of Jeremiah might be ful- 
filled, the Lord stirred up the spirit of Cyrus, king of Persia, 
that he made a proclamation throughout all his kingdom, and 
put it also in writing, saying, Thus saith Cyrus king of Per- 
sia, The Lord God of heaven hath given me all the kingdoms 
of the earth: and he hath charged me to build him an house 
at Jerusalem, which is in Judah. Who is there among you 
of all his people? his God be with him, and let him go up to 
Jerusalem, which is in Judah, and build the house of the Lord 
God of Israel, (he is the God,) which is in Jerusalem. And 
whosoever remaineth in any place where he sojourneth, let 
the men of his place help him with silver, and with gold, and 
with goods, and with beasts, beside -the free-will-offering for 
the house of God that is in Jerusalem. Then rose up the 
chief of the Fathers of Judah and Benjamin, and the priests, 



368 EXPOSITION OP THE TRINITIES. 



and the Levites, with all them whose spirit God had raised, 
to go up to build the house of the Lord which is in Jerusa- 
lem. And all they that were about them strengthened their 
hands with vessels of silver, with gold, with goods, and with 
beasts, and with precious things, besides all that was willing- 
ly offered. Ezra 1: 1—6. 

In the above passage, Cyrus declares that the Lord God 
of heaven had given him all the kingdoms of the eath, and 
had also charged him to build him an house at Jerusalem, 
which was in Judah. 

In the charge given to Cyrus by the Lord we discover the 
Father, the Word, and the Holy Ghost. The Word proceeding 
from the Father through the Holy Ghost, to Cyrus, and the 
Holy Ghost accompanying the Word to Cyrus, and through 
Cyrus to the Jews, and prompting them and assisting them in 
all the work appointed to be done. 

Cyrus is now the middle Person in the Compound Execu- 
tive Typical Trinity in Redemption; and the organized Trin- 
ity stands thus, — The Father, Cyrus, and the Holy Ghost; and 
this is the operative Trinity throughout the Administration 
of Cyrus. 

Cyrus now proceeds in the execution of his mission as a 
type of Christ. 

Symbols. Also Cyrus the king brought forth the vessels 
of the house of the Lord, which Nebuchadnezzar had brought 
forth out of Jerusalem, and had put them in the house of his 
gods: Even those did Cyrus king of Persia bring forth by the 
hand of Mithredath the treasurer, and numbered them unto 
Sheshbazzar, the prince of Judah. And this is the number of 
them: thirty chargers of gold, a thousand chargers of silver 
nine and twenty knives, Thirty basins of gold, silver basins 
of a second sort four hundred and ten, and other vessels a 
thousand. All the vessels of gold and of silver were five 
thousand and four hundred. All these did Sheshbazzar bring 
up with them of the captivity that were brought up from 
Babylon unto Jerusalem. Ezra 1: 7 — 11. 

Substantive. Let not your heart be troubled: ye believe 
in God, believe also in me. In my Father's house are many 



CYRUS A TYPE OP CHRIST. 369 

mansions: if it were not so, I would have told you. I go to 
prepare a place for you. And if I go and prepare a place for 
you, I will come again and receive you unto myself: that 
where I am, there ye may be also. And whither I go ye 
know, and the way ye know. Thomas saith unto him. Lord, 
we know not whither thou goest; and how can we know the 
way? Jesus Saith unto him, I am the way, and the truth, 
and the life: no man cometh unto the Father, but by me. If 
ye had known me, ye should have known my Father also: and 
from henceforth ye know him, and have seen him. Philip saith 
unto him, Lord, shew us the Father, and it sufficeth us. Je- 
sus Saith unto him, Have I been so long time with you, and 
yet hast thou not known me, Philip? he that hath seen me, 
hath seen the Father; and how sayest thou then, Shew us the 
Father? Believest thou not that I am in the Father, and the 
Father in me? the words that I speak unto you, I speak not 
of myself: but the Father that dwelleth in me, he doeth the 
works. John 14: 1—10. 

The people having returned to Jerusalem, erect an altar 
and offer burnt offerings in reference to the offering of the 
Lamb of God that taketh away the sin of the world. 

Symbols. And when the seventh month was come, and 
the children of Israel were in the cities, the people gathered 
themselves together as one man to Jerusalem. Then stood 
up Jeshua the son of Jozadak, and his brethren the priests, 
and Zerubbabel the son of Shealtiel, and his brethren, and 
builded the altar of the God of Israel, to offer burnt-offerings 
thereon, as it is written in the law of Moses the man of God. 
And they set the altar upon his bases: for fear was upon them 
because of the people of those countries; and they offered 
burnt-offerings thereon unto the Lord, even burnt-offerings 
morning and evening. They kept also the feast of taberna- 
cles, as it is written, and offered the daily burnt-offerings by 
number, according to the custom, as the duty of every day re- 
quired: And afterward offered the continual burnt-offering, 
both of the new-moons, and of all the set feasts of the Lord 
that were consecrated, and of every one that willingly offer- 
ed a free-will-offering unto the Lord. From the first day of 

24 



370 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

the seventh month began they to offer burnt-offerings unto the 
Lord. But the foundation of the temple of the Lord was not 
yet laid. They gave money also unto the masons, and to the 
carpenters: and meat, and drink, and oil, unto them of Zidon, 
and to them of Tyre, to bring cedar-trees from Lebanon to 
the sea of Joppa, according to the grant that they had of Cy- 
rus king of Persia. Ezra 3: 1 — 7. 

Substantive. It was therefore necessary that the patterns 
of thing in the heavens should be purified with these; but the 
heavenly things themselves with better sacrifices than these. 
For Christ is not entered into the holy places made with 
hads, which are the figures of the true: but into heaven it- 
self, now to appear in the presence of God for us: Nor yet 
that he should offer himself often, as the high priest entereth 
into the holy place every year with blood of others: For then 
must he often have suffered since the foundation of the world: 
but now once in the end of the world hath he appeared to 
put away sin by the sacrifice of himself. And as it is ap- 
pointed unto men once to die, but after this the judgment: 
So Christ was once offered to bear the sins of many: and 
unto them that look for him shall he appear the second time 
without sin unto salvation. Heb. 9: 23 — 28. 

Great rejoicing mingled with mourning at the laying of the 
foundation of the resurrected Temple. So shall there be at 
the second coming of the resurrected Son of man. 

Symbols. And when the builders laid the foundation of 
the temple of the Lord, they set the priests in their apparel 
with trumpets, and the Levites the sons of Asaph with cym- 
bals, to praise the Lord, after the ordinance of David king of 
Israel. And they sang together by course in praising and 
ging thanks unto the Lord: because he is good, for his mercy 
endureth for ever toward Israel. And all the people shouted 
with a great shout, when they praised the Lord, because the 
foundation of the house of the Lord was laid. But many of 
the priests and Levites and chief of the fathers, who were an- 
cient men, that had seen the first house, when the foundation 
of this house was laid before their eyes, wept with a loud 
voice: and many shouted aloud for joy: So that the people 



DARIUS A TYPE OF CHRIST. 371 

could not discern the noise of the shout of joy from the noise 
of the weeping of the people: for the people shouted with a 
loud shout, and the noise was heard afar off, Ezra 3: 10 — 13. 
Substantive. But I would not have you to be ignorant, 
brethren, concerning them which are asleep, that ye sorrow 
not, even as others which have no hope. For if we believe 
that Jesus died and rose again, even so them also which sleep 
in Jesus will God bring with him. For this we say unto you 
by the word of the Lord, that we which are alive and remain 
unto the coming of the Lord shall not prevent them which 
are asleep. For the Lord himself shall descend from heaven 
with a shout, with the voice of the arch-angel, and with the 
trump of God; and the dead in Christ shall rise first: Then 
we which are alive and remain shall be caught up together 
with them in the clouds, to meet the Lord in the air: and so 
shall we ever be with the Lord. Wherefore, comfort one an- 
other with these words. 1 Thess. 4: 13 — 18. 



CHAPTER II. 

OF DARIUS, AS A TYPE OF CHRIST. 

After the death of Cyrus, the enemies of the Jews stopped 
the building of the Temple; and Artaxerxes, king of Persia, 
issued a decree in accordance with the will of the people. — 
When Darius came to the throne of Persia the Jews applied 
to him for a confirmation of the decree of Cyrus, and their 
request is granted, and the work of the Temple vigorously 
prosecuted. 

Symbols. Then Darius the king made a decree, and search 
was made in the house of the rolls, where the treasures were 
laid up in Babylon. And there was found at Achmetha, in 
the palace that is in the province of the Medes, a roll, and 



372 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

therein was a record thus written: In the first year of Cyrus 
the king, the same Cyrus the king made a decree concerning 
the house of God at Jerusalem, Let the house be builded, the 
place where they offered sacrifices, and let the foundation 
thereof be strongly laid: the height thereof threescore cubits, 
and the breadth thereof threescore cubits: With three rows 
of great stones, and a row of new timber: and let the ex- 
pense be given out of the king's house: And also let the gold- 
en and silver vessels of the house of God, which Nebuchad- 
nezzar took forth out of the temple which is at Jerusalem, 
and brought unto Babylon, be restored, and brought again 
into the temple which is at Jerusalem, every one to his place, 
and place them in the house of God. Now therefore, Tatnai, 
governor beyond the river, Shethar-boznai, and your compan- 
ions the Apharsachites, which are beyond the river, be ye far 
from thence : Let the work of this house of God alone; let 
the governor of the Jews, and the elders of the Jews, build 
this house of God in his place. Moreover, I make a decree 
what ye shall do to the elders of these Jews for the building 
of this house of God ; that of the king's goods, even of the 
tribute beyond the river, forthwith expenses be given unto 
these men, that they be not hindered. And that which they 
have need of, both young bullocks, and rams, and lambs, for 
the burnt-offerings of the God of heaven, wheat, salt, wine 
and oil, according to the appointment of the priests which are 
at Jerusalem, let it be given them day by day without fail: 
That they may offer sacrifices of sweet savors unto the God 
of heaven, and pray for the life of the king, and of his sons. 
Also I have made a decree, that whosoever shall alter this 
word, let timber be pulled down from his house, and being 
set up, let him be hanged thereon; and let his house be made 
a dunghill for this. And the God that hath caused his name 
to dwell there destroy all kings and people, that shall put to 
their hand to alter and to destroy this house of God which 
is at Jerusalem. I Darius have made a decree; let it be done 
with speed. Ezra 6: 1 — 12. 

Substantive. And he carried me away in the spirit to a 
great and high mountain, and shewed me that great city, the 



DARIUS A TYPE OF CHRIST. 373 

holy Jerusalem, descending out of heaven from God, Having 
the glory of God: and her light was like unto a stone most 
precious, even like a jasper-stone, clear as crystal: And had a 
wall great and high, and had twelve gates, and at the gates 
twelve angels, and names written thereon, which are the 
names of the twelve tribes of the children of Israel. On the 
east, three gates: on the north, three gates; on the south, 
three gates; and on the west, three gates. And the wall of 
the city had twelve foundations, and in them the names of the 
twelve apostles of the Lamb, And he that talked with me, 
had a golden reed to measure the city, and the gates thereof, 
and the wall thereof. And the city lieth foursquare, and the 
length is as large as the breadth: and he measured the city 
with the reed, twelve thousand furlongs. The length, and 
the breadth, and the height of it are equal. And he meas* 
ured the wall thereof, an hundred and forty and four cubits, 
according to the measure of a man, that is of the angel. And 
the building of the wall of it was of jasper: and the city was 
pure gold, like unto clear glass. And the foundations of the 
wall of the city were garnished with all manner of precious 
stones. The first foundation was jasper; the second, sapphire, 
the third, a chalcedony; the fourth, an emerald; The fifth, 
sardonyx; the sixth, sardius; the seventh, chrysolite; the 
eighth, beryl; the ninth, a topaz; the tenth, a chrysoprasus; 
the eleventh, a jacinth; the twelfth, an amethyst. And the 
twelve gates were twelve pearls; every several gate was of 
one pearl ; and the street of the city was pure gold, as it 
were transparent glass. And I saw no temple therein: for 
the Lord God Almighty and the Lamb are the temple of it. 
And the city had no need of the sun, neither of the moon, to 
shine in it: for the glory of God did lighten it, and the Lamb 
is the light thereof. And the nations of them which are 
saved shall walk in the light of it: and the kings of the earth 
do bring their glory and honor into it. And the gates of it 
shall not be shut at all by day: for there shall be no night 
there. And they shall bring the glory and honor of the na- 
tions into it. And there shall in no wise enter into it any 
thing that defileth, neither whatsoever worketh abomination, 



374 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

or rnaketh a lie: but they which are written in the Lamb's 
book of life. Rev. 21: 10—27 

The Temple being finished, the Jews have a feast of dedi- 
cation, and keep the passover in great pomp and solemnity. 
This symbolizes the joy of the saints through the sacrificial 
offering of the Paschal Lamb, 

Symbols. And the children of Israel, the priests, and the 
Levites, and the rest of the children of the captivity, kept 
the dedication of this house of God with joy, And offered at 
the dedication of this house of God an hundred bullocks, two 
hundred rams, four hundred lambs: and for a sin-offering for 
all Israel, twelve he-goats, according to the number of the 
tribes of Israel. And they set the priests in their divisions, 
and the Levites in their courses, for the service of God, 
which is at Jerusalem; as it is written in the book of Moses. 
And the children of the captivity kept the passover upon the 
fourteenth day of the first month. For the priests and the 
Levites were purified together, all of them were pure, and 
killed the passover for all the children of the captivity, and 
for their brethren the priests, and for themselves. And the 
children of Israel, which were come again out of captivity, 
and all such as had separated themselves unto them from the 
filthiness of the heathen of the land, to seek the Lord God of 
Israel, did eat, And kept the feast of unleavened bread seven 
days with joy: for the Lord had made them joyful, and turn- 
ed the heart of the king of Assyria unto them, to strengthen 
their hands in the work of the house of God, the God of Is- 
rael. Ezra 6: 16—22. 

Darius acted under, and by virtue of, the Covenant made 
with Cyrus; and the mediator between the Father and Israel 
now is Barkis, and hence the Compound Executive Typical 
Trinity stand thus, — The Father, Darius, and the Holy Ghost. 

The substantive of the above section is as follows : 

Substantive. And as they were eating, Jesus took bread, 
and blessed it, and brake it, and gave it to the disciples, and 
Said, Take, eat; this is my body. And he took the cup, and 
gave thanks, and gave it to them, saying, Drink ye all of it; 
For this is my blood of the new testament, which is shed for 



DARIUS A TYPE OF CHRIST. 375 

many for the remission of sins. But I Say unto you, I will 
not drink henceforth of this fruit of the vine, until that day 
when I drink it new with you in my Father's kingdom. And 
when they had sung an hymn, they went out into the mount of 
Olives. Matt. 26: 26—30. 

Nehemiah, understanding the miserable condition of Jeru- 
salem, mourns, fasts, and prays, and requests Darius the king, 
(otherwise called Artaxerxes) to send him to Jerusalem that 
he might rebuild her walls and reform the church and state. 
Darius, inspired by the Spirit of the Lord, as a type of Christ 
sends Nehemiah on this important mission. This symbolizes 
the sending forth of the disciples by our Savior, inspired by 
the Holy Spirit, on their high commission of Reforming the 
world. 

Symbols. And it came to pass in the month Nisan, in the 
twentieth year of Artaxerxes the king, that wine was before 
him: and I took up the wine, and gave it unto the king. 
Now I had not been beforetime sad in his presence. Where- 
fore the king said unto me, Why is thy countenance sad, see- 
ing thou art not sick? this is nothing else but sorrow of heart. 
Then I was very sore afraid, And said unto the king, Let 
the king live for ever: why should not my countenance be 
sad, when the city, the place of my fathers' sepulchres, lieth 
waste, and the gates thereof are consumed with fire? Then 
the king said unto me, For what dost thou make request? 
So I prayed to the God of heaven. And I said unto the king, 
If it please the king, and if thy servant have found favor in 
thy sight, that thou wouldest send me unto Judah, into the 
city of my fathers' sepulchres, that I may build it. And the 
king said unto me, (the queen also sitting by him,) For how 
long shall thy journey be? and when wilt thou return? So it 
pleased the king to send me; and I set him a time. Moreo- 
ver, I said unto the king, If it please the king, let letters be 
given me to the governors beyond the river, that they may con- 
vey me over till I come into Judah: And a letter unto Asaph the 
keeper of the king's forest, that he may give me timber to 
make beams for the gates of the place which appertained to 
the house, and for the wall of the city, and for the house that 



376 EXPOSITION OP THE TRINITIES. 

I shall enter into. And the king granted me, according to the 
good hand of my God upon me. Nehemiah 2: 1 — 8. 

Substantive. Behold, I send you forth as sheep in the 
midst of wolves: be ye therefore wise as serpents, and harmless 
as doves. But beware of men: for they will deliver you up 
to the councils, and they will scourge you in their synagogues. 
And ye shall be brought before governors and kings for my 
sake, for a testamony against them and the Gentiles. But 
when they deliver you up, take no thought how or what ye 
shall speak, for it shall be given you in that same hour what 
ye shall speak. For it is not ye that speak, but the Spirit 
of your Father which speaketh in you. And the brother 
shall deliver up the brother to death, and the father the child: 
and the children shall rise up against their parents, and cause 
them to be put to death. And ye shall be hated of all men 
for my name's sake: but he that endureth to the end shall be 
saved. Matt. 10: 16—22. 

The Israelites oppressing one another by usurous practices 
are rebuked by Nehemiah, who causeth the usurers to restore 
that which they had thus taken. This symbolizes the law of 
our Savior against usury. 

Symbols. And I was very angry when I heard their cry 
and these words. Then I consulted with myself, and I re- 
buked the nobles, and the rulers, and said unto them, Ye ex- 
act usury, every one of his brother. And I set a great assem- 
bly against them. And I said unto them, We, after our 
ability, have redeemed our brethren the Jews, which were 
sold unto the heathen ; and will ye even sell your brethren ? 
or shall they be sold unto us ? Then held they their peace, 
and found nothing to answer. And I said, It is not good 
that ye do: ought ye not to walk in the fear of our God be- 
cause of the reproach of the heathen our enemies? I likewise, 
and my brethren, and my servants, might exact of them 
money and corn: I pray you, let us leave off this usury. Re- 
store, I pray you, to them, even this day. their lands, their 
vineyards, their olive-yards, and their houses, also the hund- 
redth part of the money, and of the corn, the wine, and the 
oil, that ye exact of them. Then said they, We will restore 



DARIUS A TYPE OF CHRIST. 377 

them, and will require nothing of them ; so will we do as 
thou sayest. Then I called the priests, and took an oath of 
them, that they should do according to this promise. Also I 
shook my lap, and said, So God shake ont every man from his 
house, and from his labor, that performeth not this promise, 
even thus be he shaken out, and emptied. And all the con- 
gregation said, Amen, and praised the Lord. And the people 
did according to this promise. Nehemiah 5: 6 — 13. 

Substantive. It is reported comonly that there is forni- 
cation among you, and such fornication as is not so much as 
named among the Gentiles, that one should have his father's 
wife. And ye are puffed up, and have not rather mourned, 
that he that hath done this deed might be taken away from 
among you. For I verily, as absent in body, but present in 
spirit, have judged already as though I were present, concern- 
ing him that hath so done this deed. In the name of our Lord 
Jesus Christ, when ye are gathered together, and my spirit, 
with the power of our Lord Jesus Christ, To deliver such an 
one unto Satan for the destruction of the flesh, that the spirit 
may be saved in the day of the Lord Jesus. Your glorying 
is not good. Know ye not, that a little leaven leaveneth the 
whole lump ? Purge out therefore the old leaven, that ye may 
be a new lump, as ye are unleavened. For even Christ our 
Passover is sacrificed for us: Therefore let us keep the feast, 
not with old leaven, neither with the leaven of malice and 
wickedness ; but with the unleavened bread of sincerity and 
truth, I wrote unto you in an epistlo, not to company with 
fornicators: Yet not altogether with the fornicators of this 
world, or with the covetous, or extortioners, or with idolaters: 
for then must ye needs go out of the world. But now I have 
written unto you not to keep company, if any man that is 
called a brother be a fornicator, or covetous, or an idolator, 
or a railer, or a drunkard, or an extortioner : with such an one 
no not to eat. For what have I to do to judge them also 
that are without? do not ye judge them that are within ? — 
But them that are without God judgeth. Therefore /w£ away 
from among yourselves that wicked person. 1 Cor. 5. 

We have now passed through the history detailing the re- 



378 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

building of the Temple at Jerusalem, which is a very important 
and interesting part of Jewish history, in wnich we find much 
to excite our sorrows and our joys. 

The types of Christ in this eventful period of Jewish histo- 
ry are Cyrus and Darius, respectively, kings of Persia and 
Media. The Inspired Historean tells us that, 'The Lord stirred 
up the spirit of Cyrus, king of Persia/ for this express pur- 
pose ; and Cyrus says of himself, 'The Lord God of heaven 
hath given me all the kingdoms of the earth: and he hath 
charged me to build him an house at Jerusalem, which is in 
Judah. 

Cyrus was the son of Cambyses, king of Persia, and Man- 
dane, daughter of Astyages, king of Media. Thus in his 
conception, he typified Christ, being a compound of two na- 
tions, as Christ is of two natures. Cronologists place his birth 
in the year 595, before Christ; his first year at Babylon, when 
he issued the Decree for the return of the Jews, 524, before 
Christ, and his death they place in the year 515, before 
Christ, which makes him 80 years of age at his death ; hav- 
ing reigned over all the eastern world, about 9 years of his 
life. He was a man in whom dwelt a large portion of the 
Spirit, and consequently he was a pions man ; an able states- 
man and a brave warrior. He holds a large space in political 
history, and is always represented among the most consumate 
generals, and sagacious statesmen in all the world's history. 
His death produced a panic which shook his Empire to its 
centre, and a vacuum that was never filled. 

Darius, king of Persia, was the son of Astyages, king of 
the Medes, and brother to Mandane, the mother of Cyrus. — 
Darius was the great grand-son of Mandane. the mother of Cy- 
rus, this prince succeeded Belshazzar to the throne of Persia 
and Babylon, and Cyrus excepted, he is reputed as the most re- 
nowned and powerful of the eastern monarchs. He succeed- 
ed to the throne of Babylon in the year before Christ, about 
445. Nehemiah hearing of the oppressions and afflictions of 
his brethren, the Jews, at Jerusalem, requests permission of 
Darius, the king, to go to their assistance and that he be 
provided with means to prosecute the work of rebuilding the 



DARIUS A TYPE OF CHRIST. 379 

broken and demolished walls of Zion: whereupon the king, 
under the influence of the Spirit of God, grants him his entire 
request and prayer ; he even excels his request in the ample 
means which he supplied for the work. All this symbolizes 
in a clear and striking manner the Power of the King of 
saints in the strengthening and comforting influences of his 
Holy Spirit, in enabling them to undertake, ^prosecute and 
overcome their spiritual foes. 

'Let your conversation be without covetousness: and be 
content with such things as ye have: for he hath Said, I will 
never leave thee nor forsake thee. So that we may boldly 
say, The Lord is my helper, and I will not fear what man 
shall do unto me.' 

Happy the man who learns to trust, 
The Word of Israel's King, 

Who leans upon his arm shall rest, 
And conquerer shall sing. 



AN EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES, 



:PwA.:elt sixth. 
CHAPTER I. 

OF ISAIAH, AS A TYPE OF CHRIST. 

Isaiah has a vision in which the Lord reveals to him his 
purposes concerning Israel, in consequence of their rebellions. 
These are emblems of Christ's predictions of the destruction 
of Jerusalem. 

Emblems. The vision of Isaiah the son of Amoz, which he 
saw concerning Judah and Jerusalem in the days of Uzziah, 
Jotham, Ahas, and Hezekiah, kings of Judah. Hear, hea- 
vens, and give ear, earth: for the Lord hath Spoken; I 
have nourished and brought up children, and they have re- 
belled against me. The ox knoweth his owner, and the ass 
his master's crib: but Israel doth not know, my people doth 
not consider. Ah sinful nation, a people laden with iniquity, 
a seed of evil-doers, children that are corrupters ! they have 
forsaken the Lord, they have provoked the Holy One of Is- 
rael unto anger, they are gone away backward. Isaiah 1: 
1—4. 

In the above vision of Isaiah we have disclosed a two-fold- 
Trinity, 1. The Spiritual Trinity in Creation and Legislation, 
in these words : For the Lord hath Spoken. Here is, the 
Father, the Word, and the Holy Ghost, through whom the 
Word came to Isaiah, constituting him the mediator between 



ISAIAH A TYPE OF CHRIST. 881 

the Father and Israel, through whom the Word was con- 
veyed to Israel and to the world. Hence, 2. The Compound, 
Executive, Typical Trinity in Redemption, stands thus : The 
Father, Isaiah, and the Holy Ghost ; and throughout the pro- 
phetic Administration of Isaiah, this is the mode of operation. 

Isaiah exhorteth to repentance with promises and threat- 
enings. These are emblems of the psomises and admonitions 
of the Savior. 

Emblems. Wash ye, make you clean: put away the evil of 
your doings from before mine eyes: cease to do evil: Learn 
to do well ; seek judgment, relieve the oppressed, judge the 
fatherless, plead for the widow. Come now, and let us rea- 
son together, Saith the Lord; though your sins be as scarlet, 
they shall be as white as snow ; though they be red like 
crimson, they shall be as wool. If ye be willing and obedi- 
ent, ye shall eat the good of the land: But if ye refuse and 
rebel, ye shall be devoured with the sword: for the mouth of 
the Lord hath Spoken it. Isaiah 1: 16 — 20. 

Substantive. And one of the elders answered, saying 
unto me, What are these which are arrayed in white robes ? 
and whence came they? And I said unto him, Sir, thou 
knowest. And he said unto me, These are they which came 
Out of great tribulation, and have washed their robes, and 
made them white in the blood of the Lamb. Therefore are 
they before the throne of God, and serve him day and night 
in his temple: and he that sitteth on the throne shall dwell 
among them. They shall hunger no more, neither thirst any 
more: neither shall the sun light on them, nor any heat. For 
the Lamb which is in the midst of the throne shall feed them, 
and shall lead them unto living fountains of waters: and God 
shall wipe away all tears from their eyes. Rev. 7: 13 — 17. 

Isaiah prophecy eth of the coming of Messiah's kingdom, 
and the great prosperity thereof, which shall be fulfilled in 
the latter day glory. 

Symbols. The word that Isaiah the son of Amoz saw con- 
cerning Judah and Jerusalem. And it shall come to pass in 
the last days, that the mountain of the Lord's house shall be 
established in the top of the mountains, and shall be exalted 



882 EXPOSITION OP THE TRINITIES. 

above the hills ; and all nations shall flow unto it. And 
many people shall go and say, Come ye, and let us go up to 
the meuntain of the Lord, to the house of the God of Jacob, 
and he will teach us of his ways, and we will walk in hi3 
paths: for out of Zion shall go forth the law, and the Word 
of the Lord from Jerusalem. And he shall judge among the 
nations, and shall rebuke many people: and they shall beat 
their swords into plough-shares, and their spears into pruning- 
hooks: nation shall not lift up sword against nation, neither 
shall they learn war any more. house of Jacob, come ye? 
and let us walk in the light of the Lord. Isaiah 2: 1 — 5. 

Substantive. And as they thus spake, Jesus himself stood 
in the midst of them, and Saith unto them, Peacehe unto you. 
But they were tearified and affrighted, and supposed that 
they had seen a spirit. And he Said unto them, Why are ye 
troubled ? and why do thoughts arise in your hearts ? Be- 
hold my hands and my feet, that it is I myself: handle me, 
and see ; for a spirit hath not flesh and bones, as ye see me 
have. And when he had thus Spoken, he shewed them his 
hands hnd his feet. And while they yet believed not forjoy, 
and wondered, he Said unto them, Have ye here any meat? 
And they gave him a piece of a broiled fish, and of an honey- 
comb. And he took it, and did eat before them. And he 
Said unto them, These are the words which I Spake unto you, 
while I was yet with you, that all these things must he Jul- 
filled which were written in the law of Moses, and the proph- 
ets, and in the psalms, concerning me. Then opened he their 
understanding, that they might understand the Scriptures, 
And Said unto them, Thus it is written, and thus it behooved 
Christ to suffer, and to rise from the dead the third day: — 
And that repentance and remission of sins should be preached 
in his name among sll nations, beginning at Jerusalem. And 
ye are witnesses of these things. Luke 34: 36 — 48. 

Isaiah foretels the judgments that shall come upon the wo- 
men for their pride and ostentatious show. 

Symbols. Moreover the Lord Saith, Because the daugh- 
ters of Zion are haughty and walk with stretched forth necks 
and wanton eyes, walking and mincing as they go, and mak- 



ISAIAH A TYPE OP CHRIST. 383 

ing a tinkling with their feet: Therefore the Lord will smite 
with a scab the crown of the head of the daughters of Zion, 
and *********** * *.#-** 

In that day the Lord will take away the bravery of their 
tinkling ornaments about their feet, and their cauls, and their 
round tires like the moon, The chains, and the bracelets, and 
the mufflers, The bonnets, and the ornaments of the legs, and 
the head-bands, and the tablets, and the ear-rings, The rings, 
and nose-jewels, The changeable suits of apparel, and the 
mantles, and the wimples, and the crisping-pins, The glasses, 
and the fine linen, and the hoods, and the vails. And it shall 
come to pass, that instead of sweet smell there shall bestink; 
and instead of a girdle a rent; and instead of well set hair 
baldness; and instead of a stomacher a girdle of sackcloth: 
and burning instead of beauty. Thy men shall fall by the 
sword, and thy mighty in the war. And her gates shall la- 
ment and mourn; and she, being desolate, shall sit upon the 
ground. Isaiah 3: 16 — 26. 

Substantive. I will therefore that men pray everywhere, 
lifting up holy hands, without wrath and doubting. In like 
manner also, that women adorn themselves in modest apparel, 
with shamefacedness and sobriety ; not with broidered hair, 
or gold, or pearls, or costly array ; But (which becometh wo- 
men professing godliness) with good works. Let the women 
learn in silence with all subjection. But I suffer not a wo- 
man to teach, nor to usurp authority over the man, but to be 
in silence. For Adam was first formed, then Eve. And 
Adam was not deceived, but the woman being deceived was 
in the transgression. Notwithstanding, she shall be saved 
in child-bearing, if they continue in faith, and charity, and 
holiness, with sobriety. 1 Timothy 2: 8 — 15. 

Isaiah, in a vision of the Lord in his glory, is terrified, 
and then confirmed for his message. 

Emblems. In the year. that king Uzziah died I saw also 
the Lord sitting upon a throne, high and lifted up, and his 
train filled the temple. Above it stood the scraphims: each 
one had six wings ; with twain he covered his face, and with 
twain he covered his feet, and with twain he did fly. And 



384: EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

one cried unto another, and said, Holy, holy, holy, is the 
Lord of hosts: the whole earth is full of his glory. And the 
posts of the door moved at the voice of him that cried, and 
the house was filled with smoke. Then said I, Wo is me! for 
I am undone ; because I am a man of unclean lips, and I 
dwell in the midst of a people of unclean lips: for mine eyes 
have seen the King, the Lord of hosts. Then flew one of the 
seraphims unto me, having a live coal in his hand, which he 
had taken with the tongs from off the altar: And he laid it 
upon my mouth, and said, Lo, this hath touched thy lips ; and 
thine iniquity is taken away, and thy sin purged. Also I 
heard the voice of the Lord, saying, Whom shall I send, and 
who will go for us ? Then said I, Here am I ; send me. — 
Isaiah 6: 1—8. 

Stbstantive. After this I looked, and behold, a door was 
opened in heaven: and the first voice which I heard, was as 
it were of a trumpet talking with me; which said, Come up 
hither, and I will shew thee things which must be hereafter. 
And immediately I was in the Spirit: and behold, a throne 
was set in heaven, and one sat on the throne. And he that sat 
was to look upon like a jasper and a sardine stone: and there 
was a rainbow round about the throne in sight like unto an 
emerald. And round about the throne were four and twenty 
seats ; and upon the seats I saw four and twenty elders sit- 
sing, clothed in white raiment ; and they had on their heads 
crowns of gold. And out of the throne proceeded lightnings, 
and thunderings, and voices. And there were seven lamps of 
fire burning before the throne, which are the seven Spirits of 
God. And before the throne there was a sea of glass like 
unto crystal: And in the midst of the throne, and round about 
the throne, were four beasts full of eyes before and behind. 
And the first beast was like a lion, and the second beast like 
a calf, and the third beast had a face as a man, and the fourth 
beast was like a flying eagle. And the four beasts had each 
of them six wings about him ; and they were full of eyes with- 
in: and they rest not day nor night, saying, Holy, holy, holy, 
Lord God Almighty, which was, and is, and is to come. And 
when those beasts give glory, and honor, and thanks to him 






ISAIAH A TYPE OF CHRIST. 385 

that sat on the throne, who liveth for ever and ever, The 
four and twenty elders fall down before him that sat on the 
throne, and worship him that liveth for ever and ever, and 
cast their crowns before the throne, saying, Thou art worthy, 
Lord, to receive glory, and honor, and power: for thou 
hast created all things, and for thy pleasure they are and 
were created. Rev. 4. 

Ahaz, king of Judah, being in trouble because of the mena- 
ces of Rezin, king of Syria, and Pekah, king of Israel, is com- 
forted by Isaiah as the prophet of the Lord; who gives Ahaz 
information of the coming of Messiah. 

Emblems. Moreover, the Lord Spake again unto Ahaz, 
saying, Ask thee a sign of the Lord thy God ; ask it either 
in the depth, or in the height above. But Ahas said, I will 
not ask, neither will I tempt the Lord. And he said, Hear 
ye now, O house of David ; Is it a small thing for you to 
weary men, but will ye weary my God also ? Therefore the 
Lord himself shall give you a sign ; Behold, a virgin shall 
conceive, and bear a Son, and shall call his name Immanuel. 
Butter and honey shall he eat, that he may know to refuse 
evil, and choose the good. For before the child shall know 
to refuse the evil, and choose the good, the land that thou 
abhorest shall be forsaken of both her kings. Isaiah 7: 10 — 16. 

Substantive. Now the birth of Jesus Christ was on this 
wise: When as his mother Mary was espoused to Joseph, be- 
fore they came together, she was found with child of the 
Holy Ghost. Then Joseph her husband, being a just man, 
and not willing to make her a public example, was minded 
to put her away privily, But while he thought on these 
things, behold, the angel of the Lord appeared unto him in a 
dream, saying, Joseph, thou son of David, fear not to take 
unto thee Mary thy wife: for that which is coneeived in her 
is of the Holy Ghost. And she shall bring forth a Son, and 
thou shalt call his name JESUS : for he shall save his people 
from their sins. Now all this was done, that it might be 
fulfilled which was Spoken of the Lord by the prophet, saying, 
Behold, a virgin shall be with child, and shall bring forth a 
Son, and they shall call his name Immanuel, which being in- 

25 



386 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

terpreted is, God with us. Then Joseph, being raised from 
sleep, did as the angel of the Lord had bidden him, and took 
his wife: And knew her not till she had brought forth her 
first born Son: and he called his name Jesus. Matthew i: 
18—25. 

Isaiah prophesieth of the joy in afflictions, at the birth and 
kingdom of Messiah. 

Emblems. Nevertheless the dimness shall not be such as 
was in her vexation, when at the first he lightly afflicted the 
land of Zebulun, and the land of Naphtali, and afterward did 
more griovously afflict her by the way of the sea, beyond 
Jordan, in Galilee of the nations. The people that walked 
in darkness have seen a great light: they that dwell in the 
land of the shadow of death, upon them hath the light shined. 
Thou hast multiplied the nations, and not increased the joy: 
they joy before thee according to the joy in harvest, and as 
men rejoice when they divide the spoil. For thou hast bro- 
ken the yoke of his burden, and the staff of his shoulder, the 
rod of his oppressor, as in the day of Midian. For every 
battle of the warrior is with comfused noise, and garments 
rolled in blood ; but this shall be with burning and fuel of 
fire. For unto us a Child is born, unto us a Son is given: 
and the government shall be upon his shoulder: and his name 
shall be called Wonderful, Counsellor, The mighty God, The 
everlasting Father, The Prince of Peace. Of the increase of 
his government and peace there shall be no end, upon the 
throne of David, and upon his kingdom, to order it, and to 
establish it with judgment and with justice from henceforth 
even for ever. The zeal of the Lord of hosts will perform 
this. Isaiah 9: 1—7. 

Substantive. Now when Jesus had heard that John was 
cast into prison, he departed into Galilee: And leaving Naz- 
areth, he came and dwelt in Capernaum, which is upon the 
sea-coast, in the borders of Zabulon and Nephthalim: That it 
might be fulfilled which was spoken by Esaias the prophet, 
saying, The land of Zabulon, and the land of Nephthalim, by 
the way of the sea, beyond Jordan, Galilee of the Gentiles: 
The people which sat in darkness, saw great light; and to 



ISAIAH A TYPE OF CHRIST. 387 

them which sat in the region and shadow of death, light is 
sprung up. Matt. 4: 12 — 16. 

Isaiah gives a symbolic description of the peaceable king- 
dom of Messiah in the latter day glory. 

Symbols. And there shall come forth a rod out of the 
stem of Jesse, and a branch shall grow out of his roots: And 
the Spirit of the Lord shall rest upon him, the spirit of wis- 
dom and understanding, the spirit of counsel and might, the 
spirit of knowlege and of the fear of the Lord: And shall 
make him of quick understanding in the fear of the Lord: and 
he shall not judge after the sight of his eyes, neither reprove 
after the hearing of his ears: But with righteousness shall he 
judge the poor, and reprove with equity for the meek of the 
earth: and he shall smite the earth with the rod of his mouth, 
and with the breath of his lips shall he slay the wicked. And 
righteousness shall be the girdle of his loins, and faithfulness 
the girdle of his reins. The wolf also shall dwell with the 
lamb, and the leopard shall lie down with the kid: and the 
calf and the young lion and the fatling together: and a little 
child shall lead them. And the cow and the bear shall feed: 
their young ones shall lie down together: and the lion shall 
eat straw like the ox. And the sucking child shall play on 
the hole of the asp, and the weaned child shall put his hand 
on the cockatrice's den. They shall not hurt nor destroy in 
all my holy mountain; for the earth shall be full of the knowl- 
edge of the Lord, as the waters cover the sea. Isaiah 11: 
1—9. 

Substantive. The next day John seeth Jesus coming unto 
him, and saith, Behold the Lamb of God, which taketh away 
the sin of the world ! This is he of whom I said, After me 
cometh a man which is preferred before me; for he was before 
me. And I knew him not: but that he should be made man- 
ifest to Israel, therefore am I come baptizing with water. 
And John bare record, saying, I saw the Spirit descending 
from heaven like a dove, and it abode upon him. And I knew 
him not: but he that sent me to baptize with water, the same 
Said unto me, Upon whom thou shalt sec the Spirit descend- 
ing and remaining on him, the same is he which baptizeth 



388 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

with the Holy Ghost. And I saw and bare record, that this 
is the Son of God. John 1: 29—34. 

Isaiah prophecieth of the calling of the Gentile nations in- 
to the Church of Christ, when all nations shall constitute one 
fold under one Shepherd and Bishop of souls. 

Symbols. In that day shall five cities in the land of Egypt 
speak the language of Canaan, and swear to the Lord of 
hosts: one shall be called, The city of destruction. In that 
day shall there be an altar to the Lord in the midst of the 
land of Egypt, and a pillar at the border thereof to the Lord. 
And it shall be for a sign and for a witness unto the Lord of 
hosts in the land of Egypt: for they shall cry unto the Lord 
because of the oppressors, and he shall send them a Savior, 
and a great one, and he shall deliver them. And the Lord 
shall be known to Egypt, and the Egyptians shall know the 
Lord in that day, and shall do sacrifice and oblation: yea, 
they shall vow a vow unto the Lord, and perform it. And 
the Lord shall smite Egypt: he shall smite and heal it: and 
they shall return even to the Lord, and he shall be entreated 
of them, and shall heal them. In that day shall there be a 
highway out of Egypt to Assyria, and the Assyrian shall 
come into Egypt, and the Egyptian into Assyria, and the 
Egyptians shall serve with the Assyrians. In that day shall 
Israel be the third with Egypt and with Assyria, even a 
blessing in the midst of the land: Whom the Lord of hosts 
shall bless, saying, Blessed be Egypt my people, and Assyria 
the work of my hands, and Israel mine inheritance. Isaiah 
19: 18—25. 

Substantive. I am the good Shepherd: the good Shepherd 
giveth his life for the sheep. But he that is an hireling, and 
not the Shepherd, whose own the sheep are not, seeth the 
wolf coming, and leaveth the sheep, and fleeth: and the wolf 
catcheth them, and scattereth the sheep. The hireling fleeth, 
because he is an hireling and careth not for the sheep. I am 
the good Shepherd, and know my sheep, and am known of 
mine. As the Father knoweth me, even so I know the Fa- 
ther: and I lay down my life for the sheep. And other sheep 
I have which are not of this fold; them also I must bring, and 



ISAIAH A TYPE OF CHRIST. 389 

they shall hear my voice; and there shall be onefold, and one 
Shepherd. Therefore doth my Father love me, because I lay 
down my life, that I might take it again. No man taketh it 
from me, but I lay it down of myself. I have power to lay it 
down, and I have power to take it again. This command- 
ment have I received of my Father. John 10: 11 — 18. 

Isaiah reproves the wisdom of self-conceit in the Jews, ir- 
respective of the Wisdom and Power of God. In compari- 
son with whom the wisdom of this world is foolishness and 
all the power thereof as chaff before the wind. 

Symbols. And he discovered the covering of Judah, and 
thou didst look in that day to the armor of the forest. Ye 
have seen also the breaches of the city of David, that they 
are many: and ye gathered together the waters of the lower 
pool. And ye have numbered the houses of Jerusalem, and 
the houses have ye broken down to fortify the wall. Ye made 
also a ditch between the two walls for the water of the old 
pool; but ye have not looked unto the maker thereof, neither had 
respect unto him th^t fashioned it long ago. And in that day 
did the Lord God of hosts call to weeping, and to mourniug, 
and to baldness, and to girding with sackcloth: And behold 
joy and gladness, slaying oxen, and killing sheep, eating flesh, 
and drinking wine: let us eat and d-iink; for to-morrow we 
shall die. And it was revealed in mine ears by the Lord of 
hosts, Surely this iniquity shall not be purged from you till 
ye die, Saith the Lord God of hosts. Isaiah 22: 8 — 14. 

Substantive. For Christ sent me not to baptize, but to 
preach the gospel: not with wisdom of words, lest the cross 
of Christ should be made of none effect. For the preaching 
of the cross is to them that perish, foolishness; but unto us 
which are saved, it is the power of God. For it is written, I 
will destroy the wisdom of the wise, and will bring to nothing 
the understanding of the prudent. Where is the wise? where 
is the scribe? where is the disputer of this world? hath not 
God made foolish the wisdom of this world? For after that 
in the wisdom of God the world by wisdom knew not God, 
it pleased God by the foolishness of preaching to save them 
that believe. For the Jews require a sign, and the Greeks 



390 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

seek after wisdom: But we preach Christ crucified, unto the 
Jews a stumbling block, and unto the Greeks foolishness: But 
unto them which are called, both Jews and Greeks, Christ 
the power of God, and the wisdom of God. Because the fool- 
ishness of God is wiser than men; and the weakness of God 
stronger than men. 1 Cor. 1: 17 — 25. 

Isaiah prophesyeth of the flourishing and joyful condition 
of Christ's kingdom in the latter day; the weak are encour- 
aged from the virtues and privileges of the Gospel. 

Symbols. The wilderness and the solitary place shall be 
glad for them; and the desert shall rejoice, and blossom as the 
rose. It shall blossom abundantly, and rejoice, even with joy 
and singing: the glory of Lebanon shall be given unto it, the 
excellency of Carmel and Sharon, they shall see the glory of 
the Lord, and the excellency of our God. Strengthen ye the 
weak hands, and confirm the feeble knees. Say to them that 
are of a fearful heart, Be strong, fear not: behold, your God 
will come with vengeance, even God with a recompense: he 
will come and save you. Then the eyes of the blind shall be 
opened, and the ears of the deaf shall be unstopped. Then 
shall the lame man leap as an hart, and the tongue of the 
dumb sing: for in the wilderness shall waters break out, and 
streams in the desert. And the parched ground shall become 
a pool, and the thirsty lands springs of water: in the habita- 
tion of dragons, where each lay, shall be grass with reeds and 
rushes. And an highway shall be there, and a way, and it 
shall be called, The way of holiness; the unclean shall not 
pass over it; but it shall be for those: the way-faring men, 
though fools, shall not err therein. No lion shall be there, 
nor any ravenous beast shall go up thereon, it shall not be 
found there; but the redeemed shall walk there: And the ran- 
somed of the Lord shall return, and come to Zion with songs 
and everlasting joy upon their heads: they shall obtain joy 
and gladness, and sorrow and sighing shall flee away. Isaiah 
35: 1—10. 

Substantive. And as Jesus passed by, he saw a man 
which was blind from his birth. And his disciples asked him, 
saying, Master, who did sin, this man, or his parents, that he- 



ISAIAH A TYPE OP CHRIST. 391 

was born blind? Jesus answered, Neither hath this man sin- 
ned, nor his parents: but that the works of God should be made 
manifest in him. I must work the works of him that sent me, 
while it is day: the night cometh when no man can work. 
As long as I am in the world, I am the light of the world. 
When he had thus Spoken, he spat on the ground, and made 
clay of the spittle, and he anointed the eyes of the blind man 
with the clay. And Said unto him, Go, wash in the pool of 
Siloam, (which is by interpretation, Sent.) He went his way 
therefore, and washed, and came seeing. John 9: 1 — 7. 

Sennacherib invading Judea with a great army, Hezekiah 
is alarmed and terrified; he sendeth to the prophet Isaiah to 
pray for Israel. Isaiah comforteth Hezekiah with the assu- 
rance that Sennacherib's army should be destroyed by a blast 
from the Lord. 

Symbols. And it came to pass, when king Hezekiah heard 
it, that he rent his clothes, and covered himself with sack- 
cloth, and went into the house of the Lord. And he scntEl- 
iakim, who was over the household, and Shebna the scribe, 
and the elders of the priests covered with sackcloth, unto 
Isaiah the prophet, the son of Amoz. And they said unto 
him, Thus saith Hezekiah, This day is a day of trouble, and 
of rebuke, and of blasphemy: for the children are come to the 
birth, and there is not strength to bring forth. It may be the 
Lord thy God will hear the words of Rabshakeh, whom the 
king of Assyria his master has sent to reproach the living 
God, and will reprove the words which the Lord thy God 
hath heard: wherefore lift up thy prayer for the remnant that 
is left. So the servants of king Hezekiah came to Isaiah. 
And Isaiah said unto them, Thus shall ye say unto your mas- 
ter, Thus Saith the Lord, Be not afraid of the words that 
. thou hast heard, wherewith the servants of the king of Assy- 
ria have blasphemed me. Behold, I will send a blast upon 
him, and he shall hear a rumor, and return to his own land: 
and I will cause him to fall by the sword in his own land. 
Isaiah 37: 1—7. 

Substantive. Fear them not therefore; for there is nothing 
covered, that shall not be revealed; and hid, that shall not 



392 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

be known. What I tell you in darkness, that speak you in 
light: and what ye hear in the ear, that preach ye upon the 
house-tops. And fear not them which kill the body, but are 
not able to kill the soul: but rather fear him which is able to 
destroy both soul and body in hell. Matt. 26 — 28. 

Isaiah delivers to king Hezekiah the Word of the Lord 
concerning the Assyrian army, and the return of the king to 
Nineveh, after the angel of the Lord had slain in one night, 
an hundred four score and five thousand men. 

Emblems. Therefore thus Saith the Lord concerning the 
king of Assyria, He shall not come into this city, nor shoot 
an arrow there, nor come before it with shields, nor cast a 
bank against it. By the way that he came, by the same shall 
he return, and shall not come into this city, Saith the Lord. 
For I will defend this city to save it, for mine own sake, and 
for my servant David's sake. Then the angel of the Lord 
went forth and smote in the camp of the Assyrians an hun- 
dred and fourscore and five thousand: and when they arose 
early in the morning, behold, they were all dead corpses. So 
Sennacherib, king of Assyria departed, and went and return- 
ed, and dwelt at Nineveh. And it came to pass, as he was 
worshipping in the house of Nisroch his god, that Adramme- 
lech and Sharezer his sons smote him with the sword; and 
they escaped into the land of Armenia: and Esar-haddon his 
son reigned in his stead. Isaiah 37: 33 — 38. 

Substantive. Then Jesus sent the multitude away, and 
went into the house: and his disciples came unto him, saying, 
Declare unto us the parable of the tares of the field. He an- 
swered and Said unto them, He that soweth the good seed is 
the Son of man: The field is the world; the good seed are the 
children of the kingdom; but the tares are the children of the 
wicked one: The enemy that sowed them is the devil; the 
harvest is the end of the world; and the reapers are the an- 
gels. As therefore the tares are gathered and burned in the 
fire; so shall it be in the end of this world. The Son of man 
shall send forth his angels, and they shall gather out of his 
kingdom all things that offend, and them which do iniquity: 
And shall cast them into a furnace of fire: there shall be w T ail- 



ISAIAH A TYPE OP CHRIST. 393 

ing and gnashing of teeth. Then shall the righteous shine 
forth as the sun in the kingdom of their Father. Who hath 
ears to hear, let him hear. Matt. 13: 36 — 43. 

Isaiah is sent to Hezekiah to inform him to set his house in 
order, for he should die and not live; whereupon Hezekiah 
entreats the Lord by earnest prayer that his life might be 
prolonged; he is heard, and the prophet again sent to inform 
him that fifteen years should be added to his life; as a sign of 
which the shadow on the sun dial of Ahaz went back ten de- 
grees. 

Symbols. In those days was Hezekiah sick unto death. 
And Isaiah the prophet the son of Amoz came unto him, and 
said unto him, Thus Saith the Lord, Set thine house in order: 
for thou shalt die, and not live. Then Hezekiah turned his 
face toward the wall, and prayed unto the Lord. And said, 
Eemember now, Lord, I beseech thee, how I have walked 
before thee in truth and with a perfect heart, and have done 
that which is good in thy sight. And Hezekiah wept sore. 
Then came the word of the Lord to Isaiah, saying, Go and 
say unto Hezekiah, Thus Saith the Lord, the God of David 
thy father, I have heard thy prayer, I have seen thy tears: 
behold, I will add unto thy days fifteen years. And I will 
deliver thee and this city out of the hand of the king of As- 
syria: and I will defend this city. And this shall be a sign 
unto thee from the Lord, that the Lord will do this thing that 
he hath spoken: Behold, I will bring again the shadow of the 
degrees, which is gone down in the sun-dial of Ahaz, ten de- 
grees backward. So the sun returned ten degrees, by which 
degrees it was gone down. Isaiah 38: 1 — 8. 

Substantive. Is any among you afflicted? let him pray. 
Is any merry? let him sing psalms. Is any sick among you? 
let him call for the elders of the church; aud let them pray 
over him, anointing him with oil in the name of the Lord: 
And the prayer of faith shall save the sick, and the Lord shall 
raise him up; and if he have committed sins, they shall ho for- 
given him. Confess your faults, one to another, and pray for 
one another, that ye may be healed. The effectual fervent 
prayer of a righteous man availeth much. Elias was a man 



394 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

subject to like passions as we are, and he prayed earnestly 
that it might not rain: and it rained not on the earth by the 
space of three years and six months. And he prayed again, 
and the heaven gave rain, and the earth brought forth her 
fruit. Brethren, if any of you do err from the truth, and one 
convert him, Let him know that he which converteth the sin- 
ner from the error of his way shall save a soul from death, 
and shall hide a multitude of sins. James 5: 13 — 20. 

Isaiah prophesyeth of the meekness and constancy of Christ's 
character, God's promises to Christ, 

Emblems. Behold my servant, whom I uphold: mine elect, 
in whom my soul delighteth; I have put my Spirit upon him: 
he shall bring forth judgment to the Gentiles. He shall not 
cry, nor lift up, nor cause his voice to be heard in the street. 
A bruised reed shall he not break, and the smoking flax shall 
he not quench: he shall bring forth judgment unto truth. He 
shall not fail nor be discouraged, till he have set judgment in 
the earth: and the isles shall wait for his law. Thus Saith 
God the Lord, he that created the heavens, and stretched 
them out; he that spread forth the earth, and that which com- 
eth out of it; he that giveth breath unto the people upon it> 
and spirit to them that walk therein: I the Lord have called 
thee in righteousness, and will hold thine hand, and will keep 
thee, and give thee for a covenant for the people, for a light 
of the Gentiles: To open the blind eyes, to bring out the pris- 
oners from the prison, and them that sit in darkness out of 
the prison-house. I am the Lord: that is my name: and my 
glory will I not give to another, neither my praise to graven 
images. Behold, the former things are come to pass, and new 
things do I declare: before they spring forth I tell you of 
them. Sing unto the Lord a new song, and his praise from 
the end of the earth, ye that go down to the sea, and all that 
is therein: the isles, and the inhabitants thereof. Let the 
wilderness and the cities thereof lift up their voice, the vil- 
lages that Kedar doth inhabit: let the inhabitants of the rock 
sing, let them shout from the top of the mountains. Isaiah 
42: 1—11 

Substantive. And he came to Nazareth where he had 



ISAIAH A TYPE OF CHRIST. 395 

been brought up: and, as his custom was, he went into the 
synagogue on the sabbath-day, and stood up for to read. And 
there was delivered unto him the book of the prophet Esaias. 
And when he had opened the book, he found the place where 
it was written, The Spirit of the Lord is upon me, because he 
hath anointed me to preach the gospel to the poor; he hath sent 
me to heal the broken hearted, to preach deliverance to the cap- 
tives, and recovering of sight to the blind, to set at liberty 
them that are bruised. To preach the acceptable year of the 
Lord. And he closed the book, and he gave it again to the 
minister, and sat down. And the eyes of all them that were 
in the synagogue were fastened on him. And he began to 
say unto them, This day is this scripture fulfilled in your ears. 
And all bare him witness, and wondered at the gracious words 
which proceeded out of his mouth. Luke 4: 16 — 22. 

Isaiah declares God's love for the church to be perpetual, 
and thus exhorteth God's people to take courage. 

Prophet. Sing, heavens; and be joyful, earth; and 
break forth into singing, mountains; for the Lord hath 
comforted his people, and will have mercy upon his afflicted. 

But Zion said, The Lord hath forsaken me, and my Lord 
hath forgotten me. Can a woman forget her sucking child, 
that she should not have compassion on the son of her womb? 
yea, they may forget, yet will I not forget thee. Behold, I 
have graven thee upon the palms of my hands: thy walls are 
continually before me. Thy children shall make haste: thy 
destroyers and they that made thee waste shall go forth of 
thee.. Isaiah 49: 13—17. 

Apostle. Let your conversation be without covetousness: 
And be content with such things as ye have: for he hath Said, 
I will never leave thee nor forsake thee. So that we may bold- 
ly say, The Lord is my helper, and I will not fear what man 
shall do unto me. Remember them which have the rule over 
you, who have spoken unto you the Word of God: whose 
faith follow, considering the end of their conversation: Jesus 
Christ the same yesterday, and to-day and for ever. Be not 
carried about with divers and strange doctrines: for it is a 
good thing that the heart be established with grace: not with 



396 EXPOSITION OP THE TRINITIES. 

meats, which have not profited them that have been occupied 
therein. We have an altar, whereof they have no right to 
eat which serve the tabernacle. For the bodies of those 
beasts, whose blood is brought into the sanctuary by the high 
priest for sin, are burned without the camp. Wherefore Je- 
sus also, that he might sanctify his people with his own blood, 
suffered without the gate. Let us go forth therefore unto 
him without the camp, bearing his reproach. For here have 
we no continuing city, but we seek one to come. Heb. 13: 
5—14. 

Isaiah complains of the incredulity of the Jews to receive 
Jesus as the Messiah, affirms the passion of the Son to be the 
purchase price of our redemption. 

Prophet. Who hath believed our report? and to whom 
is the arm of the Lord revealed? For he shall grow up be- 
fore him as a tender plant, and as a root out of a dry ground: 
he hath no form nor comeliness; and when we shall see him, 
there is no beauty that we should desire him. He is despised 
and rejected of men; a man of sorrows, and acquainted with 
grief: and we hid as it were our faces from him; he was de- 
spised, and we esteemed him not. Surely he hath borne our 
griefs, and carried our sorrows; yet we did esteem him strick- 
en, smitten of God, and afflicted. But he was wounded for 
our transgressions, he was bruised for our iniquities; the chas- 
tisement of our peace was upon him; and with his stripes we 
are healed. All we like sheep have gone astray; we have 
turned every one to his own way; and the Lord hath laid on 
him the iniquity of us all. He was oppressed, and he was af- 
flicted, yet he opened not his mouth; he is brought as a lamb 
to the slaughter, and as a sheep before her shearers is dumb, 
so he opened not his mouth. He was taken from prison and 
from judgment; and who shall declare his generation? for he 
was cut off out of the land of the living; for the transgres- 
sion of my people was he stricken. And he made his grave 
with the wicked, and with the rich in his death: because he 
had done no violence, neither was any deceit in his mouth. 
Isaiah 53: 1—9. 

Apostle. And almost all things are by the law purged 



ISAIAH A TYPE OF CHRIST. 397 

•with blood; and without shedding of blood is no remission. 

It was therefore necessary that the patterns of things in 
the heavens should be purified with these; but the heavenly 
things themselves with better sacrifices than these. For 
Christ is not entered into the holy places made with hands, 
which are the figures of the true: but into heaven itself, now 
to appear in the presence of God for us: Nor yet that he 
should offer himself often, as the high priest entereth into the 
holy place every year with blood of others: For then must he 
often have suffered since the foundation of the world: but 
now once in the end of the world hath he appeared to put 
away sin by the sacrifice of himself. And as it is appointed 
unto men once to die, but after this the judgment: So Christ 
was once offered to bear the sins of many; and unto them that 
look for him shall he appear the second time without sin unto 
salvation. Heb. 0: 22—28. 

Isaiah exults in the blessed estate of the saints in the latter 
day glory, and the blessedness of the new Jerusalem: where 
sorrow and sighing shall be known no more, but God shall 
wipe all tears from off all faces. 

Symbols. For behold, I create new heavens and a new 
earth: and the former shall not be remembered, nor come in- 
to mind. But be ye glad and rejoice for ever in that which 
I create: for behold, I create Jerusalem a rejoicing, and her 
people a joy. And I will rejoice in Jerusalem, and joy in my 
people: and the voice of weeping shall be no more heard in 
her, nor the voice of crying. There shall be no more thence 
an infant of days, nor an old man that hath not filled his 
days: for the child shall die an hundred years old: but the 
sinner being an hundred years old shall be accursed. And 
they shall build houses and inhabit them: and they shall 
plant vineyards, and eat the fruit of them. They shall not 
build, and another inhabit: they shall not plant, and another 
eat: for as the days of a tree are the days of my people, and 
mine elect shall long enjoy the work of their hands. They 
shall not labor in vain, nor bring forth for trouble: for they 
are the seed of the blessed of the Lord, and their offspring 
with them. And it shall come to pass, that before they call. 



398 EXPOSITION OP THE TRINITIES. 

I will answer: and while they are yet speaking, I will hear. 
The wolf and the lamb shall feed together, and the lion shall 
eat straw like the bullock: and dust shall be the serpent's 
meat. They shall not hurt nor destroy in all my holy moun- 
tain. Saith the Lord. Isaiah 65: IT — 25. 

Substantive. And one of the elders answerd, saying unto 
me, What are these which are arrayed in white robes? and 
whence came they? And I said unto him, Sir, thou knowest. 
And he said unto me, These are they which came out of great 
tribulation, and have washed their robes, and made them white 
in the blood of the Lamb. Therefore are they before the 
throne of God, and serve him day and night in his temple: 
and he that sitteth on the throne shall dwell among them. 
They shall hunger no more, neither thirst any more: neither 
shall the sun light on them, nor any heat. For the Lamb 
which is in the midst of the throne shall feed the?n, and shall 
lead them unto living fountains of waters; and God shall wi\ 
away all tears from their eyes. Rev. 7: 13 — 17. 

We now dismiss our illustrious prophet Isaiah, who stands 
at the head of the four major prophets of the Old Testament. 

We are not told in the scriptures of the time of his birth or 
of his death, but the period of his prophesying, according to 
scripture chronology, was 62 years. He tells us he was the 
son of Amoz, and we learn he was of the tribe of Judah and 
royal family; being, as is supposed, the grand son of king Jo- 
ash, and brother to Amaziah, king of Judah. 

The leading objects oflsaiah's prophecies, are the Babylo- 
nish Captivity; the return of the Jews from their 70 years' 
Captivity, and the reign of Messiah. The commencement of 
his prophetic Administration was 760 years before Christ. He 
tells us that the Lord had called him from his mother's womb, 
that he remembered his name, that he had given him a tongue 
like a sharp cutting sword, that he had concealed him under 
the shadow of his hand, and put him like a chosen arrow in 
his quiver; that God had given him the tongue of the learn- 
ed, capable of administering comfort to those whose courage 
was broken; that when he received his mission for prophecy, 
he saw the Lord seated on a high throne, encompassed with 
cherubim, and with the whole earth for his footstool. 



ISAIAH A TYPE OF CHRIST. 399 

Thus called, commissioned, and endued with with the Holy 
Spirit for his mediatorial office, he discharges the functions 
thereof with an integrity and eloquence seldom equaled and 
never surpassed. He drew largely upon the sublimities of 
nature to illustrate his subjects and to embelish his diction. 
Being familiar with the courts and the pageantry and pomp 
of kings and kingdoms, he decorated his style with the rivers 
and mountains of nature, the polished manners of the courtier, 
and the embelishments and learning of the literati of his day. 
With all these accomplishments to adorn his person and his 
language, he combined within himself the genius of the phi- 
losopher, the profundity of the statesman, the imagination of 
the poet, and the Inspiration of the Prophet; and his proph- 
ecies are justly esteemed as a brilliant light to the Church, 
consolations to the distressed and fway-worn pilgrim, a bea- 
con light to the inquirer after Truth, and a light in his path- 
way to the city of the living God. 

As an evidence of Isaiah's humility and implicit obedience 
to the Word of the Lord; he walked three years barefooted and 
naked to express the more forcibly the degradation of the 
Egyptian and Ethiopian bondage, which he had foretold. 

It is a tradition of mutual consent by Jews and Christians, 
that Isaiah came to his death as a martyr to the truth he had 
so long proclaimed and maintained, by being sawn asunder 
with a wooden saw, in the beginning of the reign of Manasseh 
king of Judah. 

It is said his body was buried near Jerusalem under the 
fuller's oak, near the fountain of Siloam, from whence it was 
removed to Paneas, near the source of Jordan; and from 
thence to Constantinople, in the reign of Theodorus the 
younger. Thus lived and thus died Isaiah, — the Demosthenes 
of the Hebrews, and the prophet of the Lord. 



400 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

CHAPTER II. 

OF THE PROPHET JEREMIAH AS A TYPE OF CHRIST. 

The time, manner, and calling of Jeremiah to the prophetic 
office, as a typical mediator, between the Father and Israel. 

The words of Jeremiah the son of Hilkiah, of the priests 
that were in Anathoth in the land of Benjamin: To whom 
the Word of the Lord came in the days of Josiah the son of 
Amon, king of Judah, in the thirteenth year of his reign. It 
came also in the days of Jehoiakim, the son of Josiah king of 
Judah, unto the end of the eleventh year of Zedekiah the son 
of Josiah king of Judah, unto the carrying away of Jerusa- 
lem, captive, in the fifth month. Then the Word of the Lord 
came unto me, Saying. Before I formed thee in the belly, I 
knew thee: and before thou earnest forth out of the womb, I 
sanctified thee: and I ordained thee a prophet unto the na- 
tions. Then said I, Ah, Lord God ! behold I cannot speak; 
for I am a child. But the Lord Said unto me, Say not I am 
a child: for thou shalt go to all that I shall send thee, and 
whatsoever I command thee thou shalt speak. Be not afraid 
of their faces: for I am with thee to deliver thee. Saith the 
Lord. Then the Lord put forth his hand a touched my mouth. 
And the Lord Said unto me, Behold, I have put my words in 
thy mouth. See I have this day set thee over the nations and 
over the kingdoms, to root out, and to pull down, and to de- 
stroy, and to throw down, to build, and to plant. 

In the above callng and setting apart of Jeremiah, to the 
prophetic and mediatorial office, we see as in all similar 
cases, a two-fold Trinity. 1. The Spiritual Trinity in Creation 
and Legislation, in these words, — Then the Word of the Lord 
came unto me, Saying, Here are the Father, the Y/ord, and the 
Holy Ghost, as always, through whom the Word is Spoken, consti- 
tuting and appointing Jeremiah to the prophetic office. Jere- 
miah now becomes the mediator between the Father and Isra- 



JEREMIAH A TYPE OF CHRIST. 401 

el, and the Compound, Executive, Typical Trinity in Redemp- 
tion stands thus, — The Father, Jeremiah, and the Holy Ghost; 
and thus the Trinity operates throughout the Administration 
of Jeremiah; when Jeremiah is the medium of conveying the 
Word and the Spirit, 

The first message which Jeremiah receives from the Lord 
as prophet and mediator, is a denunciation against Judah for 
their rebellion and idolatry, and is encouraged by the prom- 
ise of the Lord's presence and assistance. 

Symbols. Thou therefore gird up thy loins, and arise, and 
speak unto them all that I command thee: be not dismayed 
at their faces, lest I confound thee before them. For behold, 
I have made thee this day a defenced city, and an iron pillar, 
and brazen walls against the whole land, against the kings of 
Judah, against the princes thereof, against the priests there- 
of, and against the people of the land. And they shall fight 
against thee: but they shall not prevail against thee; fori 
am with thee, Saith the Lord, to deliver thee. Jeremiah 1: 
18—19. 

Substantive. But rather seek ye the kingdom of God, 
and all these things shall be added unto you. Fear not, lit- 
tle flock; for it is your Father's good pleasure to give you the 
kingdom. Sell that you have, and give alms: provide your- 
selves bags which wax not old, a treasure in the heavens 
that faileth not, where no thief approacheth, neither moth 
corrupteth. For where your treasure is, there will your heart 
be also. Let your loins be girded about, and your lights burn- 
ing: And ye yourselves like unto men that wait for their lord, 
when he will return from the wedding: that, when he cometh 
and knocketh, they may open unto him immediately. Bless- 
ed are those servants, whom the lord when he cometh shall 
find watching: verily I say unto you, that he shall gird him- 
self, and make them to sit down to meat, and will come forth 
and serve them. And if he shall come in the second watch, 
or come in the third watch, and find them so, blessed are 
those servants. Luke 12: 31 — 38. 

The Lord instructs Jeremiah to assure Israel of his gra- 
cious designs toward them on condition of their repentance 

26 



402 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

and return to their obedience and worship of the true God. 

Emblems. Go and proclaim these words towards the north, 
and say, Return, thou backsliding Israel, Saith the Lord: and 
I will not cause mine anger to fall upon you: for I am merci- 
ful, Saith the Lord, and I will not keep anger for ever. On- 
ly acknowledge thine iniquity, that thou hast transgressed 
against the Lord thy God, and hast scattered thy ways to the 
strangers under every green tree, and ye have not obeyed my 
voice, Saith the Lord. Turn, backsliding children, Saith 
the Lord; for I am married unto you; and I will take you 
one of a city, and two of a family, and I will bring you to 
Zion: And I will give you pastors according to mine heart, 
which shall feed you with knowledge and understanding. 
And it shall come to pass, when ye be multiplied and increas- 
ed in the land, in those days, Saith the Lord, they shall say 
no more, The ark of the covenant of the Lord: neither shall 
it come to mind: neither shall they remember it: neither shall 
they visit it: neither shall that be done any more. At that 
time they shall call Jerusalem the throne of the Lord: and 
all the nations shall be gathered unto it, to the name of the 
Lord, to Jerusalem: neither shall they walk any more after 
the imagination of their evil heart. In those days the house 
of Judah shall walk with the house of Israel, and they shall 
come together out of the land of the north to the land that I 
have given for an inheritance unto your fathers. But I said, 
How shall I put thee among the children, and give thee a plea- 
sant land, a goodly heritage of the hosts of nations? and I 
said, Thou shalt call me, My father: and shalt not turn away 
from me. Jeremiah 3: 12 — 19. 

Stbstantive. Wherefore he saith, "When he ascended up 
on high, he led captivity captive, and gave gifts unto men. 
Now that he ascended, what is it but that he also descended 
first into the lower parts of the earth? He that descended 
is the same also that ascended up far above all heavens, that 
he might fill all things. And he gave some, apostles; and 
some, prophets; and some, evangelists; and some, pastors and 
teachers'. For the perfecting of the saints, for the work of the 
ministry, for the edifying of the body of Christ: Till we all 



JEREMIAH A TYPE OF CHRIST. 403 

come in the unity of the faith, and of the knowledge of the 
Son of God, unto a perfect man, unto the measure of the stat- 
ure of the fulness of Christ: That we henceforth be no more 
children, tossed to and fro, and carried about with every 
wind of doctrine, by the sleight of men, and cunning crafti- 
ness, whereby they lie in wait to deceive: But speaking the 
truth in love, may grow up into him in all things, which is 
the head, even Christ. Eph. 4: 8 — 15. 

Jeremiah is sent to call for true repentance from the Jews 
that their threatened captivity might be averted, and that 
they might dwell in their land in peace and prosperity for 
ever. 

Emblems. The Word that came to Jeremiah from the 
Lord, saying, Stand in the gate of the Lord's house, and pro- 
claim there this word, and say, Hear the Word of the Lord, 
all ye of Judah, that enter in at these gates to worship the 
Lord. Thus Saith the Lord of hosts, the God of Israel, 
Amend your ways and your doings, and I will cause you to 
dwell in this place. Trust ye not in lying words, saying, The 
temple of the Lord, The temple of the Lord, The temple of 
the Lord, are these. For if ye thoroughly amend your ways 
and your doings; if ye thoroughly execute judgment between 
a man and his neighbor; If ye oppress not the stranger, the 
fatherless, and the widow, and shed not innocent blood in 
this place, neither walk after other gods to your hurt: Then 
will I cause you to dwell in this place, in the land that I gave 
to your fathers, for ever and ever. Jeremiah 7: 1 — 7. 

Substantive. Now when they heard this, they were prick- 
ed in their heart, and said unto Peter and to the rest of the 
apostles, Men and brethren, what shall we do? Then Peter 
said unto them, Repent, and be baptized every one of you in 
the name of Jesus Christ, for the remission of sins, and ye 
shall receive the gift of the Holy Ghost. For the promise is 
unto you, and to your children, and to all that are afar off, 
even as many as the Lord our God shall call. And with 
many other words did he testify and exhort, saying. Save 
yourselves from this untoward generation. Acts %\ 37 — 40. 

Jeremiah declares that it was in consequence of the disobe 



404 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

dience of Israel that all their calamities had come upon them. 

Emblems. Who is the wise man, that may understand this? 
and who is he to whom the mouth of the Lord hath Spoken, 
that he may declare it, for what the land perisheth and is 
burnt up like a wilderness, that none passeth through? And 
the Lord Saith, Because they have forsaken my law which I 
set before them, and have not obeyed my voice, neither walk- 
ed therein: But have walked after the imagination of their 
own heart, and after Baalim, which their fathers taught them: 
Therefore thus Saith the Lord of hosts, the God of Israel; 
Behold, I will feed them, even this people, with wormwood, 
and give them water of gall to drink. I will scatter them 
also among the heathen, whom neither they nor their fathers 
have known: and I will send a sword after them, till I have 
consumed them. Jeremiah 9: 12 — 16. 

Substantive. But I certify you, brethren, that the gospel 
which was preached of me is not after man: For I neither re- 
ceived it of man, neither was I taught it, but by the revela- 
tion of Jesus Christ. For ye have heard of my conversation 
in time past in the Jews 7 religion, how that beyond measurel 
persecuted the church of Christ and wasted it: And profited in 
the Jews' religion above many my equals in mine own nation, 
being more exceedingly zealous of the traditions of my fa- 
thers. But when it pleased God, who separated me from my 
mother's womb, and called me by his grace, To reveal his Son 
in me, that I might preach him among the heathen; immedi- 
ately I conferred not with flesh and blood: Neither went I 
up to Jerusalem to them which were apostles before me: but 
I went into Arabia, and returned again unto Damascus. 
Then after three years I went up to Jerusalem to see Peter, 
and abode with him fifteen days. But other of the apostles 
saw I none, save James the Lord's brother. Gal. 1: 11 — 19. 

Jeremiah enjoins a strict observance of the sabbath-day, 
with threatenings of utter extermination in case of the viola- 
tion of the laws concerning that holy day; and promises of 
great prosperity on condition of its observance. 

Symbols. Thus Said the Lord unto me; Go and stand in 
the gate of the children of the people, whereby the kings of 



JEREMIAH A TYPE OF CHRIST. 405 

Judah come in, and by the which they go out, and in all the 
gates of Jerusalem: And say unto them, Hear ye the word of 
the Lord, ye kings of Judah, and all Judah, and all the in- 
habitants of Jerusalem, that enter in by these gates: Thus 
saith the Lord: Take heed to yourselves, and bear no burden 
on the sabbath day, nor bring it in by the gates of Jerusalem: 
Neither carry forth a burden out of your houses on the sab- 
bath day, neither do ye any work, but hallow ye the sabbath 
day, as I commanded your fathers. But they obeyed not, nei- 
ther inclined their ear, but made their neck stiff, that they 
might not hear, nor receive instruction. And it shall come 
to pass, if ye diligently hearken unto me, Saith the Lord, to 
bring in no burden through the gates of this city on the sab- 
bath day, but hallow the sabbath day, to do no work therein: 
Then shall there enter into the gates of this city kings and 
princes sitting upon the throne of David, riding in chariots 
and on horses, they and their princes, the men of Judah, and 
the inhabitants of Jerusalem: and this city shall remain for 
ever. And they shall come from the cities of Judah, and 
from the places about Jerusalem, and from the land of Benja- 
min, and from the plain, and from the mountains, and from 
the south, bringing burnt-offerings, and sacrifices, and meat- 
offerings, and incense, and bringing sacrifices of praise, unto 
the house of the Lord. But if ye will not hearken unto me 
to hallow the sabbath day, and not to bear a burden, even en- 
tering in at the gates of Jerusalem on the sabbath day; then 
will I kindle a fire in the gates thereof, and it shall devour 
the palaces of Jerusalem, and it shall not be quenched. Jer. 
17: 19—27. 

Substantive. And he came to Nazareth, where he had 
been brought up: and as his custom was, he went into the syn- 
agogue on the sabbath day, and stood up for to read. And 
there was delivered unto him the book of the prophet Esaias, 
And- when he had opened the book, he found the place where 
it was written, The Spirit of the Lord is upon me, because lie 
hath anointed me to preach the gospel to the poor: he hath 
sent me to heal the broken-hearted, to preach deliverance to 
the captives, and recovering of sight to the blind, to set at 



408 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

liberty them that are bruised, To preach the acceptable year 
of the Lord. And he closed the book, and he gave it again 
to the minister, and sat down. And the eyes of all them that 
were in the synagogue were fastened on him. And he began 
to say unto them, This day is this scripture fulfilled in your 
ears. And all bare him witness, and wondered at the gra- 
cious words which proceeded out of his mouth. Luke 4: 16-22. 

Jeremiah counseleth the people of Jerusalem to go over to 
the Chaldeans in order to save themselves from captivity, and 
their city from being sacked. 

Symbols. And unto this people thou shalt say, Thus Saith 
the Lord: Behold, I set before you the way of life, and the 
way of death. He that abideth in this city shall die by the 
sword, and by the famine, and by the pestilence: but he that 
goeth out, and falleth to the Chaldeans that besiege you, he 
shall live, and his life shall be unto him for a prey. For I 
have set my face against this city for evil, and not for good, 
Saith the Lord: it shall be given into the hand of the king of 
Babylon, and he shall burn it with fire. Jer. 21: 8 — 10. 

Substantive. When ye, therefore, shall see the abomina- 
tion of desolation, spoken of by Daniel the prophet, stand in 
the holy place, (whoso readeth let him understand.) Then 
let them which be in Judah flee into the mountains: Let him 
which is on the house top not come down to take any thing 
out of his house: Neither let him which is in the field return 
back to take his clothes. And wo unto them that are with 
child, and to them that give suck in those days ! But pray 
ye that your flight be not in the winter, neither on the sab- 
bath-day: For then shall be great tribulation, such as was not 
since the beginning of the world to this time, no, nor ever 
shall be. And except those days should be shortened, there 
should no flesh be saved: but for the elect's sake those days 
shall be shortened. Then if any man shall say unto you, Lo, 
here is Christ, or there; believe it not. For there shall arise 
false Christs, and false prophets, and shall shew great signs 
and wonders; insomuch that, if it were possible, they shall 
deceive the very elect. Behold, I have told you before. — 
Matt. 24: 15—25. 



JEREMIAH A TYPE OP CHPJST. 407 



The New and everlasting Covenant of Christ with his 
Church and people. 

Emblems. Behold, the days come, Saith the Lord, that I 
make a new covenant with the house of Israel, and with the 
house of Judah: Not according to the covenant that I made 
with their fathers, in the day that I took them by the hand 
to bring them out of the land of Egypt; which my covenant 
they brake, although I was an husband unto them, Saith the 
Lord: But this shall be the covenant that I will make with 
the house of Israel: After those days, Saith the Lord, I will 
put my law in their inward parts, and write it in their hearts; 
and will be their God, and they shall be my people. And 
they shall teach no more every man his neighbor, and every 
man his brother, saying, Know the Lord; for they shall all 
know me, from the least of them unto the greatest of them, 
Saith the Lord; for I will forgive their iniquity, and I will 
remember their sin no more. Jer. 31: 31 — 34. 

Substantive. But now hath he obtained a more excellent 
ministry, by how much also he is the Mediator of a better cov- 
enant, which was established upon better promises. For if 
that first covenant had been faultless, then should no place 
have been sought for the second. For finding fault with them, 
he Saith, Behold, the days come, Saith the Lord, when I will 
make a JYew Covenant with the house of Israel and with the 
house of Judah; Not according to the covenant that I made 
with their fathers in the day when I took them by the hand 
to lead them out of the land of Egypt; because they contin- 
ued not in my covenant, and I regarded them not, Saith the 
Lord. For this is the covenant that I will make with the 
house of Israel, after those days, Saith the Lord; I will put 
my laws into their mind, and write them in their hearts; and 
I will be to them a God, and they shall be to me a people: 
And they shall not teach every man his neighbor, and every 
man his brother, saying, know the Lord: for all shall know 
me, from the least to the greatest. For I will be merciful to 
their unrighteousness, and their sins and their iniquities will 
I remember no more. In that he Saith, A new covenant, he 



408 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

hath made the first old. Now that which decayeth and wax- 
eth old, is ready to vanish away. Heb. 8: 6 — 13. 

According to the prediction of Jeremiah, Jerusalem is ta- 
ken; Zedekiah is made blind and sent to Babylon; the city 
ruined, and the people captivated. This symbolizes the de- 
plorable condition of spiritual Israel in her backsliden state. 

Symbols. In the ninth year of Zedekiah king of Judah, in 
the tenth month, came Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon and 
all his army against Jerusalem, and they beseiged it. And 
in the eleventh year of Zedekiah, in the fourth month, the 
ninth day of the month, the city was broken up. And all the 
princes of the king of Babylon came in, and sat in the middle 
gate, even Nergal-sharezer, Samgar-nebo, Sarsechim, Rabsa- 
ris, Nergal-sharezer, Rab-mag, with all the residue of the 
princes of the king of Babylon. And it came to pass, that 
when Zedekiah the king of Judah saw them, and all the men 
of war, then they fled, and went forth out of the city by nighty 
by the way of the king's garden, by the gate betwixt the two 
walls: and he went out the way of the plain. But the Chal- 
deans' army pursued after them, and overtook Zedekiah in 
the plains of Jericho: and when they had taken him, they 
brought him up to Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon to Rib- 
lah in the land of Ramath, where he gave judgment upon 
him. Then the king of Babylon slew the sons of Zedekiah in 
Riblah before his eyes: also the king of Bab} T lon slew all the 
nobles of Judah. Moreover he put out Zedekiak's eyes, and 
bound him with chains, to carry him to Babylon. And the 
Chaldeans burned the king's house, and the houses of the peo- 
ple, with fire, and brake down the walls of Jerusalem. Then 
Nebuzar-adan the captain of the guard carried away captive 
into Babylon the remnant of the people that remained in the 
city, and those that fell away, that fell to him, with the rest 
of the people that remained. But Nebuzar-adan the captain 
of the guard left of the poor of the people, which had nothing, 
in the land of Judah, and gave them vineyards and fields at 
the same time. Jer. 39: 1 — 10. 

Substantive. And unto the angel of the church in Sardis 
write: These things Saith he that hath the seven Spirits of 



JEREMIAH A TYPE OF CHRIST. 409 

God, and the seven stars; I know thy works, that thou hast 
a name that thou livest, and art dead. Be watchful, and 
strengthen the things that remain, that are ready to die; for I 
have not found thy works perfect before God. Remember 
therefore how thou hast received and heard, and hold fast? 
and repent. If therefore thou shalt not watch, I will come 
on thee as a thief, and thou shalt not know what hour I will 
come upon thee. Thou hast a few names even in Sardis which 
have not defiled their garmentz; and they shall walk with me 
in white: for they are worthy. He that overcometh, the 
same shall be clothed in white raiment; and I will not blot 
out his name out of the book of life, but I will confess his 
name before my Father, and before his angels. He that hath 
an ear, let him hear what the Spirit Saith unto the churches. 
Rev. 3: 1—6. 

Jeremiah prophesyeth the destruction of Babylon for her 
cruelty to his people Israel, and for their pride and licentious- 
ness: in token of which he delivers the book of his prophecies 
to Serai ah, to be cast into the Euphrates, as a symbol of the 
perpetual sinking and eternal desolation of the city. 

Symbols. The word which Jeremiah the prophet com- 
manded Seraiah the son of Neraiah; the son of Maaseiah, 
when he went with Zedekiah the king of Judah into Babylon 
in the fourth year of his reign. And this Seraiah was a quiet 
prince. So Jeremiah wrote in a book all the evil that should 
come upon Babylon, even all these words that are written 
against Babylon. And Jeremiah said to Seraiah, When thou 
comest to Babylon, and shalt see, and shalt read all these 
words: Then shalt thou say, Lord, thou hast Spoken against 
this place, to cut it off, that none shall remain in it, neither 
man nor heast, but that it shall be desolate for ever. And it 
shall be, when thou hast made an end of reading this book, 
that thou shalt bind a stone to it, and cast it into the midst 
of Euphrates: And thou shalt say, Thus shall Babylon sink, 
and shall not rise from the evil that I will bring upon her: 
and they shall be weary. Thus far are the words of Jeremi- 
ah. Jer. 51: 59—64. 

Substantive. And after these things I saw another angel 



410 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

come down from heaven, having great power: and the earth 
-was lightened with his glory. And he cried mightily with a 
strong voice, saying, Babylon the great is fallen, is fallen, and 
is become the habitation of devils, and the hold of every foul 
spirit, and a cage of every unclean and hateful bird. For all 
nations have drunk of the wine of the wrath of her fornica- 
tion, and the kings of the earth have committed fornication 
with her, and the merchants of the earth are waxed rich 
through the abundance of her delicacies. And I heard anoth- 
er voice from heaven, saying, Come out of her, my people, 
that ye be not partakers of her sins, and that ye receive not 
of her plagues. For her sins have reached unto heaven, and 
God hath remembered her iniquities. Reward her even as she 
rewarded you, and double unto her double according to her 
works; in the cup which she hath filled, fill to her double. 
How much she hath glorified herself, and lived deliciously, so 
much torment and sorrow give her; for she saith in her heart, 
I sit a queen, and am no widow, and shall see no sorrow. 
Therefore shall her plagues come in one day, death, and mourn- 
ing, and famine; and she shall be burned with fire; for strong 
is the Lord God who judgeth her. Rev. 18: 1 — 8. 

"We here close our quotations from the prophet Jeremiah 
as a type of Christ. 

Jeremiah was the son of Hilkiah, of the tribe of Levi. He 
was a native of Anathoth, a village in the tribe of Benjamin. 
He was set apart to the prophetic office from his birth; and 
in the fourteenth year of his age he was called to his official 
station, in the reign of Josiah, king of Judah. His prophetic 
Administration filled a period of 41 years, from the year be- 
fore Christ, 629, to 588. Being a man of faith, and consci- 
ous of his call and divine appointment to his sacred office, he 
was prepared for any event which might befall him. In pros- 
perity he was humble under the mighty hand of God; and in 
adversity he rejoiced from a consciousness of the divine favor 
as suffering in the cause of his Master in the execution of his 
will and purposes. Being of a stern nature, and unyielding 
integrity, no flattery could seduce him to swerve from his du- 
ty to his God; nor could the threatenings of kings nor the 



JEREMIAH A TYPE OF CHRIST. 411 

punishment of the most loathsome dungeons, ever for a mo- 
ment deter him from speaking forth boldly the Word of the 
Lord to wicked and idolatrous kings and people. He lived 
to see the fulfillment of many of his prophecies, and thus he 
acquired credit with many of those who once condemned him 
as a bigotted enthusiast, or stern and selfish fanatic. One re- 
markable fact in his prophecies is, that when human agency 
is concerned in the fulfillment, the prophesy is always condi- 
tional, and may or may not come to pass as human agency 
may determine. His counsel to king Hezekiah and the in- 
habitants of Jerusalem when under siege by the Chaldean 
army, is proof positive of this important fact; for although 
the captivity of the Jews and the destruction of their city had 
been for many years the theme and principal object of the 
prophecies of Jeremiah and other of the prophets, yet a few 
days before the event, Jeremiah counsels Zedekiah and the in- 
habitants to go out to the Chaldean princes, and themselves 
and city should be saved, but they refused to obey, and de- 
struction to the uttermost came upon them, the people were 
taken captives and their city burned with fire. See the his- 
tory of this in the 38th chapter. 

The time and manner of the death of Jeremiah are not re- 
corded; and, as always, where the scriptures are silent, the 
vagaries of imagination are busy. Some supposing he was 
put to death at Taphnis, in Egypt, by the Jews, who were 
not able to bear his predictions and rebukes. Some say he 
returned to Judea, and died there; and others again that he 
died in Babylon. But wherever or however he may have 
come to his death, his name, character, and office will ever 
adorn the annals of the Church, and while there remains 
honor in position, virtue in firmness and constancy, and integ- 
rity of character is appreciated, Jeremiah will remain a star 
of the Jirst magnitude in the christian firmament. 



412 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

CHAPTER III. 

OP THE PROPHET EZEKIEL, AS A TYPE OF CHRIST. 

Ezekiel announces the time, place, manner, and commission 
of his prophetic inauguration to have been as follows, to-wit: 

Now it came to pass in the thirtieth year, in the fourth 
month, in the fifth day of the month, as I was among the cap- 
tives by the river of Chebar, that the heavens were opened, 
and I saw visions of God. In the fifth day of the month, 
which was the fifth year of Jehoiachin's captivity, The Word 
of the Lord came expressly unto Ezekiel the priest, the son of 
Buzi, in the land of the Chaldeans by the river Chebar; and 
the hand of the Lord was there upon him. Ezekiel 1: 1 — 3. 
And he Said unto me Son of man, stand upon thy feet, and I 
will Speak unto thee. And the Spirit entered into me when 
he Spake unto me, and set me upon my feet, that I heard him 
that Spake unto me. And he Said unto me, Son of man, I 
send thee to the children of Israel, to a rebellious nation that 
hath rebelled against me; they and their fathers have trans- 
gressed against me, even unto this very day. 

In the above Covenant between the Father and Ezekiel, we 
discover, as always, a two-fold Trinity. 1. The Spiritual 
Trinity in Creation and Legislation, in these words, — The 
Word of the Lord came expressly unto me, saying, And he 
Said unto me, Son of man, stand upon thy feet, and I will 
Speak unto thee.' Here are the Father, the Word, and the 
Holy Ghost; as always through whom the Father Speaks and 
acts. 2. A Compound, Executive, Typical Trinity in Re- 
demption; consisting of the Father, Ezekiel, and the Holy Ghost. 
Ezekiel is now constituted the Typical mediator between the 
Father and Israel, through whom the will of the Father is made 
known: and thus the Trinity operates throughout the Admin- 
istration of Ezekiel; when he is made the medium of commu- 
nication. 



EZEKIEL A TYPE OF CHRIST. 413 

In the case of Ezekiel, the communication of tbe Holy 
Ghost, through the Word, to him, is more clearly stated than 
in the case of any other of the prophets hitherto considered; 
for he says expressly, that the Spirit entered into him when 
the Lord Spake unto him. This single instance proves be- 
yond all controversy, that the Spirit comes with the Word to 
the mediator, and through the mediator to the world. 

Ezekiel proceeds to inform us of his instructions. 

Symbols. And thou, son of man, be not afraid of them, 
neither be afraid of their words, though briers and thorns be 
with thee, and thou dost dwell among scorpions; be not afraid 
of their words, nor be dismayed at their look, though they be 
a rebellious house. And thou shalt speak my words unto 
them, whether they will hear, or whether they will forbear: 
for they are most rebellious. But thou, son of man, hear 
what I say unto thee; Be not thou rebellious like that rebel- 
lious house: open thy mouth, and eat that I give thee. And 
when I looked, behold, an hand was sent unto me: and lo, a 
roll of a book was therein: And he spread it before me: and 
it was written within and without; and there was written 
therein lamentations, and mourning and wo. Ezekiel 2: G-10. 

Substantive. And I say unto you, my friends, Be not 
afraid of them that kill the body/and after that, have no more 
that they can do. But I will forewarn you whom ye shall 
fear; Fear him, which after he hath killed, hath power to cast 
into hell; yea, I say unto you, Fear him. xlre not five spar- 
rows sold for two farthings, and not one of them is forgotten 
before God? But even the very hairs of your head are all 
numbered. Fear not therefore: ye are of more value than 
many sparrows. Luke 12: 4 — 7. 

God sheweth the prophet the necessity of warning the 
wicked, whether they will hear or forbear, in order to the 
saving of his own soul; and if the wicked hear and turn from 
his wickedness, then the prophet hath accomplished the dou- 
dle object of saving both. 

Emblems. Then I came to them of the captivity at Tel- 
abib, that dwelt by the river of Chebar, and I sat where they 
sat, and remained there astonished among them seven days. 



414 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

And it came to pass at the end of seven days, that the Word 
of the Lord came unto me, saying, Son of man, I have made 
thee a watchman unto the house of Israel: therefore hear the 
Word at my mouth, and give them warning from me. When 
I say unto the wicked, Thou shalt surely die; and thou givest 
him not warning, nor speakest to warn the wicked from his 
wicked way, to save his life; the same wicked man shall die 
in his iniquity; but his blood will I require at thine hand. 
Yet if thou warn the wicked, and he turn not from his wick- 
edness, nor from his wicked way, he shall die in his iniquity; 
but thou hast delivered thy soul. Again, When a righteous 
man doth turn from his righteousness, and commit iniquity, 
and I lay a stumbling-block before him, he shall die; because 
thou hast not given him warning, he shall die in his sin, and 
his righteousness which he hath done shall not be remember- 
ed; but his blood will I require at thine hand. Nevertheless, 
if thou warn the righteous man, that the righteous sin not, 
and he doth not sin, he shall surely live, because he is warn- 
ed: also thou hast delivered thy soul. Ezekiel 3: 15 — 21. 

Substantive. Then Said Jesus again unto them, I go my 
way, and ye shall seek me, and shall die in your sins; whither 
I go, ye cannot come. Then said the Jews will he kill him- 
self? because he saith, Whither I go, ye cannot come. And 
he Said unto them, Ye are from beneath; I am from above; 
ye are of this world; I am not of this world. I Said there- 
fore unto you, that ye shall die in your sins; for if ye believe 
not that I am he, ye shall die in your sins. Then said they 
unto him, Who art thou? And Jesus Saith unto them, Even 
the same that I said unto you from the beginning. I have 
many things to say, and to judge of you; but he that sent me, 
is true; and I speak to the world those things which I have 
heard of him. They understood not that he spake to them 
of the Father. John 8: 21—27. 

The prophet pronounceth judgment upon Israel for their 
idolatry, yet declares that there remaineth a remnant who 
had escaped the pollutions of the world, and should serve as 
the leaven of righteousness among the nations whither they 
should be scattered. 



EZEKIEL A TYPE OF CHRIST. 415 

Emblems. And the Word of the Lord came unto me, say- 
ing, Son of man, set thy face toward the mountains of Israel, 
and prophesy against them, And say, Ye mountains of Israel, 
hear the Word of the Lord God: Thus Saith the Lord God 
to the mountains, and to the hills, to the rivers, and to the 
valleys; Behold, I, even I, will bring a sword upon you, and 
I will destroy your high places. And your altars shall be 
desolate, and your images shall be broken: and I will cast 
down your slain men before your idols. And I will lay the 
dead carcasses of the children of Israel before their idols; and 
I will scatter your bones round about your altars. In all 
your dwelling-places the cities shall be laid waste, and the 
high places shall be desolate; that your altars may be laid 
waste and made desolate, and your idols may be broken and 
cease, and your images may be cut down, and your works may 
be abolished. And the slain shall fall in the midst of you, 
and ye shall know that I am the Lord. Yet will I leave a 
remnant, that ye may have some that shall escape the sword 
among the nations, when ye shall be scattered through the 
countries. And they that escape of you shall remember me 
among the nations whither they shall be carried captives, be- 
cause I am broken with their whorish heart, which hath de- 
parted from me, and with their eyes which go a whoring after 
their idols: and they shall loathe themselves for the evils 
which they have committed in all their abominations. And 
they shall know that I am the Lord, and that I have not Said 
in vain that I would do this evil unto them. Ezek. 6: 1 — 10. 

Substantive. And when ye shall see Jerusalem com- 
passed with armies, then know that the desolation thereof is 
nigh. Then let them which are in Judea flee to the moun- 
tains; and let them which are in the midst of it depart out; 
and let not them that are in the countries enter thereinto. 
For these be the days of vengeance, that all things which are 
written may be fulfilled. But wo unto them that are with 
child, and to them that give suck in those days! for there shall 
be great distress in the land, and wrath upon this people. 
And they shall fall by the edge of the sword, and shall be led 
away captive into all nations: and Jerusalem shall be trodden 



416 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

down of the Gentiles, until the times of the Gentiles be ful- 
filled. Luke 21: 20—24. 

The prophet, under the symbol of a chain shews the miser- 
able state of the captivity which was pending. 

Symbols. Make a chain: for the land is full of bloody 
crimes, and the city is full of violence. Wherefore I will 
bring the worst of the heathen, and they shall possess their 
houses; I will also make the pomp of the strong to cease, and 
their holy places shall be defiled. Destruction cometh; and 
they shall seek peace, and there shall be none. Mischief shall 
come upon mischief, and l-umor shall be upon rumor; then 
shall they seek a vision of the prophet; but the law shall per- 
ish from the priest, and counsel from the ancients. The king 
shall mourn, and the prince shall be clothed with desolation, 
and the hands of the people of the land shall be troubled: I 
will do unto them after their way, and according to their 
deserts will I judge them, and they shall know that I am the 
Lord. Ezekiel 7: 23—27. 

Substantive. Wherefore, behold, I send unto you proph- 
ets, and wise men, and scribes; and some of them ye shall kill 
and crucify, and some of them shall ye scourge in your syna- 
gogues, and persecute them from city to city: That upon you 
may come all the righteous blood shed upon the earth, from the 
blood of righteous Abel, unto the blood of Zacharias, son of 
Barachias, whom ye slew between the temple and the altar. 
Verily I say unto you, All these things shall come upon this 
generation. Jerusalem, Jerusalem, thou that killest the 
prophets, and stonest them which are sent unto thee, how of- 
ten would I have gathered thy children together, even as a 
hen gathereth her chickens under her wings, and ye would 
not ! Behold, your house is left unto you desolate. For I say 
unto you, Ye shall not see me henceforth, till ye shall say, 
Blessed is he that cometh in the name of the Lord. Matt. 
23: 34—39. 

The Jews taking license to sin because of the great dis- 
tance, (as they supposed,) of the judgments, the prophet as- 
sures them from the Lord, that the judgments should not 
slumber. 



EZEKIEL A TYPE OF CHRIST. 417 

Emblems. And the word of the Lord came unto me, say- 
ing, Son of man, what is that proverb that ye have in the 
land of Israel, saying, The days are prolonged and every vis- 
ion faileth? Tell them therefore, Tims Saith the Lord God; 
I will make this proverb to cease, and they shall no more use 
it as a proverb in Israel; but say unto them, The days are at 
hand, and the effect of every vision. For there shall be no 
more any vain vision nor flatterivg divination within the 
house of Israel. For I am the Lord; I will Speak, and the 
Word that I shall Speak shall come to pass; it shall be no 
more prolonged: for in your days, rebellious house, will I 
Say the Word, and will perform it, Saith the Lord God. 
Again the Word of the Lord came to me, saying, Son of man, 
behold, they of the house of Israel say, The vision that he 
seeth is for many days to come, and he prophesyeth of the 
times that are far off. Therefore say unto them, Thus Saith 
the Lord God; There shall none of my words be prolonged 
any more, but the Word which I have Spoken shall be done, 
Saith the Lord God. Ez. 12: 21—28. 

Substantive. This second epistle, beloved, I now write 
unto you; in both which I stir up your pure minds by way of 
remembrance: That ye may be mindful of the words which 
were spoken before by the holy prophets, and of the com- 
mandment of us the apostles of the Lord and Savior: Know- 
ing this first, that there shall come in the last days scoffers, 
walking after their own lusts, And saying, Where is the 
promise of his coming? for since the fathers fell asleep, all 
things continue as they herefrom the begirining of the creation. 
For this they willingly are ignorant of that by the Word of 
God the heavens were of old, and the earth standing out of 
the water and in the water: Whereby the world that then 
was, being overflowed with water, perished: But the heavens 
and the earth, which are now, by the same Word are kept in 
store, reserved unto fire against the day of judgment and per- 
dition of ungodly men. 2 Peter 3: 1 — 7. 

Under the Symbol of a tender branch of cedar the prophet 
indicates the purpose of God, of planting the gospel in Jeru- 
salem, and causing it to flourish as a green tree. 
27 



418 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

Symbols. Thus Saith the Lord God, I will also take of 
xhe highest branch of the high cedar, and will set it; I will 
crop off from the top of his young twigs a tender one, and 
will plant it upon an high mountain and eminent: In the 
mountain of the height of Israel will I plant it: and it shall 
bring forth boughs, and bear fruit, and be a goodly cedar: 
and under it shall dwell all fowl of every wing: in the shad- 
ow of the branches thereof shall they dwell. And all the 
trees of the field shall know that I the Lord have brought 
down the high tree, have exalted the low tree, have dried up 
the green tree, and have made the dry tree to flourish: I the 
Lord have Syoken and have done it. Ez. 17: 22 — 24. 

Substantive. And Mary said, My soul doth magnify the 
Lord, And my spirit hath rejoiced in God my Savior. For 
he hath regarded the low estate of his handmaiden: for be- 
hold, from henceforth all generations shall call me blessed. For 
he that is mighty hath done to me great things; and holy is 
his name. And his mercy is on them that fear him, from 
generation to generation. He hath shewed strength with his 
arm; he hath scattered the proud in the imagination of their 
hearts. He hath put down the mighty from their seats, and 
exalted them of low degree. He hath filled the hungry with 
good things, and the rich he hath sent empty away. He hath 
hoi pen his servant Israel, in remembrance of his mercy: As 
he Spake to our fathers, to Abraham, and to his seed, for ever. 
Luke 1: 46—55. 

Emblems. Yet ye say. The way of the Lord is not equal. 
Hear now, house of Israel; Is not my way equal? are not 
your ways unequal? When a righteous man turneth away 
from his righteousness, and committeth iniquity, and dieth in 
them; for his iniquity that he hath done, shall he die. Again, 
when the wicked man turneth away from his wickedness that 
he hath committed, and doeth that which is lawful and right, 
he shall save his soul alive. Because he considereth and turn- 
eth away from all his transgressions that he hath committed, 
he shall surely live, he shall not die. Yet saith the house of 
Israel, The way of the Lord is not equal. house of Israel, 
are not my ways equal? are not your ways unequal? There- 



EZEKIEL A TYPE OP CHRIST. 419 

fore, I will judge you, house of Israel, every one according 
to his ways, Saith the Lord God. Repent, and turn your- 
selves from all your transgressions; so iniquity shall not be 
your ruin. Cast away from you all your transgressions, 
whereby ye have transgressed: and make you a new heart and 
a new spirit: for why will ye die, house of Israel? For I 
have no pleasure in the death of him that dieth, Saith the 
Lord God: wherefore turn yourselves, and live ye, Ez. 18: 
25—32. 

Substantive. In those days came John the Baptist, preach- 
ing in the wilderness of Judea, And saying, Repent ye; for 
the kingdom of heaven is at hand. For this is he that was 
spoken of by the prophet Esaias, saying, Prepare ye the way 
of the Lord, make his paths straight. And the same John 
had his raiment of camel's hair, and a leathern girdle about 
his loins; and his meat was locusts and wild honey. Then 
went out to him Jerusalem, and all Judea, and all the region 
round about Jordan, And were baptized of him in Jordan, 
confessing their sins. Matt. 3: 1 — 6. 

The prophet threatens the Ammonites with subjugation and 
bondage to the men of the east, for their insults against his 
people Israel. 

Emblems. The Word of the Lord came unto me, saying, 
Son of man, set thy face against the Ammonites, and prophesy 
against them: And say unto the Ammonites, Hear the Word 
of the Lord God; Thus Saith the Lord God; Because thou 
saidst, Aha, against my sanctuary, when it was profaned; and 
against the land of Israel, when it was desolate; and against 
the house of Judah, when they went into captivity: Behold, 
therefore I will deliver thee to the men of the east, for a pos- 
session, and they shall set their palaces in thee, and make 
their dwellings in thee: they shall eat thy fruit, and they 
shall drink thy milk. And I will make Rabbah a stable for 
camels, and the Ammonites a couching-place for flocks: and 
ye shall know the Lord. For thus Saith the Lord God; Be- 
cause thou hast clapped thine hands, and stamped with the 
feet, and rejoiced in heart with all thy despite against the 
land of Israel: Behold, therefore I will stretch out mine hand 



420 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

upon thee, and will deliver thee for a spoil to the heathen; 
and I will cut thee off from the people, and I will cause thee 
to perish out of the countries: I will destroy thee; and thou 
shalt know that I am the Lord. Ez. 25: 1 — 7. 

Substantive. At the same time came the disciples unto 
Jesus, saying, Who is the greatest in the kingdom of heaven? 
And Jesus called a little child unto him, and set him in the 
midst of them, and Said, Verily I say unto you, Except ye be 
converted, and become as little children, ye shall not enter 
into the kingdom of heaven. Whosoever therefore shall hum- 
ble himself as this little child, the same is greatest in the 
kingdom of heaven. And whoso shall receive one such little 
child in my name, receiveth me. But whoso shall offend one 
of these little ones which believe in me, it were better for him 
that a millstone were hanged about his neck, and that he were 
drowned in the depth of the sea. Matt. 18: 1 — 6. 

Tyrus, the renowned city for her extensive merchandise 
and wealth, is, for her insults against Jerusalem, the location 
of the Temple, the pride of Israel, and the city of God's pres- 
ence, threatened by the prophet with an utter and everlast- 
ing destruction. 

Symbols. Thy rowers have brought thee into great wa- 
ters: the east wind hath broken thee in the midst of the seas. 
Thy riches, and thy friars, thy merchandise, thy mariners, 
and thy pilots, thy calkers, and the occupiers of thy merchan- 
dise, and all thy men of war, that are in thee, and in all thy 
company which is in the midst of thee, in the day of thy ruin. 
The suburbs shall shake at the sound of the cry of thy pilots. 
And all that handle the oar, the mariners, and all the pilots 
of the sea, shall come down from their ships, they shall stand 
upon the land; And shall cause their voice to be heard 
against thee, and shall cry bitterly, and shall cast up dust 
upon their heads, they shall wallow themselves in the ashes: 
And they shall make themselves utterly bald for thee, and 
gird them with sackcloth, and they shall weep for thee with 
bitterness of heart, and bitter wailing. And in their wailing 
they shall take up a lamentation for thee, and lament over 
thee, saying, What city is like Tyrus, like the destroyed in 



EZEKIEL A TYPE OF CHRIST. 421 

the midst of the sea? When thy wares went forth out of the 
seas, thou filledst many people: thou didst enrich the kings 
of the earth with the multitude of thy riches and of thy mer- 
chandise. In the time when thou shalt be broken by the seas 
in the depths of the waters, thy merchandise and all thy com- 
pany in the midst of thee shall fall. All the inhabitants of 
the isles shall be astonished at thee, and their kings shall be 
sore afraid, they shall be troubled in their contenance. The 
merchants among the people shall hiss at thee; thou shalt be 
a terror, and never shall be any more. Ez. 27: 26 — 36. 

Substantive. And they shall fall by the edge of the sword, 
and shall be led away captive into all nations: and Jerusa- 
lem shall be trodden down of the Gentiles, until the times of 
the Gentiles be fulfilled. And there shall be signs in the sun, 
and in the moon, and in the stars; and upon the earth distress 
of nations, with perplexity, the sea and the waves roaring; 
Men's hearts failing them for fear, and for looking after those 
things which are coming on the earth; for the powers of hea- 
ven shall be shaken. And then shall they see the Son of man 
coming in a cloud, with power and great glory. And when 
these things begin to come to pass, then look up, and lift up 
your heads: for your redemption draweth nigh. And he 
Spake to them a parable; Behold the fig-tree, and all the 
trees; When they now shoot forth, ye see and know of your 
ownselves that summer is now nigh at hand. So likewise ye, 
when ye see these things come to pass, know ye that the king- 
dom of God is nigh at hand. Yerily I Say unto you, This 
generation shall not pass away, till all be fulfilled. Heaven 
and earth shall ^pass away; but my words shall not pass away. 
Luke 21: 24—33. 

Ezekiel announces in the name of the Lord, the utter de- 
struction of the Assyrian Empire, as a judgment for their 
pride and ostentation. 

Symbols. Therefore thus Saith the Lord God; Because 
thou hast lifted up thyself in height, and he hath shot up his 
top among the thick boughs, and his heart is lifted up in his 
height; I have therefore delivered him unto the mighty one 
of the heathen; he shall surely deal with him; I have driven 



422 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

him out for his wickedness. And strangers, the terrible of 
the nations, have cut him off, and have left him: upon the 
mountains and in all the valleys his branches are fallen, and 
his boughs are broken by all the rivers of the land; and all 
the people of the earth are gone down from his shadow, and 
have left him. Upon his ruin shall all the fowls of the hea- 
ven remain, and all the beasts of the field shall be upon his 
branches: To the end that none of all the trees by the wa- 
ters, exalt themselves for their height, neither shoot up their 
top among the thick boughs, neither their trees stand up in 
their height, all that drink water: for they are all delivered 
unto death, to the nether parts of the earth, in the midst of 
the children of men, with them that go down to the pit. 
Thus Saith the Lord God: in the day when he went down to 
the grave I caused a mourning: I covered the deep for him, 
and I restrained the floods thereof, and the great waters were 
stayed: and I caused Lebanon to mourn for him, and all the. 
trees of the field fainted for him. I made the nations shake 
at the sound of his fall, when I cast him down to hell with 
them that descend into the pit: and all the trees of Eden, the 
choice and best of Lebanon, all that drink water, shall be 
comforted in the nether parts of the earth. They also went 
down into hell with him, unto them that be slain with the 
sword; and they that were his arm, that dwelt under his sha- 
dow in the midst of the heathen. Ez. 31: 10 — 17. 

Substantive. Then began he to upbraid the cities wherein 
most of his mighty works were done, because they repent- 
ed not. Wo unto thee, Chorazin ! wo unto thee, Bethsaida ! 
for if the mighty works which were done in you had been 
done in Tyre and Sidon, they w r ould have repented long ago 
in sackcloth and ashes. But I say unto you, It shall be more 
tolerable for Tyre and Sidon at the day of judgment, than for 
you. And thou, Capernaum, which art exalted unto hea- 
ven, shalt be brought down to hell: for if the mighty works 
which have been done in thee, had been done in Sodom, it 
would have remained until this day. But I say unto you, 
That it shall be more tolerable for the land of Sodom, in the 
day of judgment than for thee. Matt. 11: 20 — 24. 



EZEKIEL A TYPE OF CHRIST. 423 

Ezekiel pronounceth judgment upon the mockers of the 
prophets of the Lord. 

Emblems. Also, thou son of man, the children of thy peo- 
ple still are talking against thee by the walls and in the 
doors of the houses, and speak one to another, every one to 
his brother, saying, Come, I pray you, and hear what is the 
word that cometh forth from the Lord. And they come unto 
thee as the people cometh, and they sit before thee as my peo- 
ple, and they hear thy words, but they will not do them; for 
with their mouth they shew much love, but their heart goeth 
after their covetousness . And lo, thou art unto them as a very 
lovely song of one that hath a pleasant voice, and can play 
well on an instrument: for they hear thy words, but they do 
them not. And when this cometh to pass, (lo, it will come,) 
then shall they know that a prophet hath been among them. 
Ez. 33: 30—33. 

Substantive. The same day went Jesus out of the house, 
and sat by the sea-side. And great multitudes were gather- 
ed together unto him, so that he went into a ship, and sat; 
and the whole multitude stood on the shore. And he spake 
many things unto them in parables, saying, Behold, a sower 
went forth to sow: And when he sowed, some seeds fell by 
the way-side, and the fowls came and devoui'ed them up: Some 
fell upon stony places, where they had not much earth: and 
forthwith they sprung up, because they had no deepness of 
earth: And when the sun was up, they were scorched; and 
because they had no root, they withered away. And some 
fell among thorns; and the thorns sprung up, and choked 
them: But other fell into good ground, and brought forth 
fruit, some an hundred-fold, some sixty-fold, some thirty-fold. 
Who hath ears to hear, let him hear. Matt. 13: 1 — 9. 

The prophet foretells great prosperity and happiness to 
Christ's kingdom, through the operations and influences of 
the Spirit of God. 

Emblems. Then will I sprinkle clean water upon you. and 
ye shall be clean: from all your lilthiness, and from all your 
idols, will I cleanse you. A new heart also will 1 give yon, 
and a new spirit will I put within you: and I will take away 



424 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

the stony heart out of your flesh, and I will give you an heart 
of flesh. And I will put my Spirit within you, and cause you 
to walk in my statutes, and ye shall keep my judgments, and 
do them. And ye shall dwell in the land that I gave to your 
fathers; and ye shall be my people, and I will be your God. 
I will also save you 'from all your uncleannesses: and I will 
call for the corn, and will increase it, and lay no famine upon 
you. And I will multiply the fruit of the tree, and the in- 
crease of the field, that ye shall receive no more reproach of 
famine among the heathen. Then shall ye remember your 
own evil ways, and your doings that were not good, and shall 
loathe yourselves in your own sight for your iniquities, and 
for your abominations. Not for your sakes do I this, Saith 
the Lord God, be it known unto you: be ashamed and con- 
founded for your own ways, house of Israel. Thus Saith 
the Lord God; In the day that I shall have cleansed you from 
all your iniquities I will also cause you to dwell in the cities, 
and the wastes shall be builded. And the desolate land shall 
be tilled, whereas it lay desolate in the sight of all that pass- 
ed by. And they shall say, This land that was desolate is 
become like the garden of Eden; and the waste and desolate 
and ruined cities are become fenced, and are inhabited. 
Then the heathen that are left round about you shall know 
that I the Lord build the ruined places, and plant that that 
was desolate: I the Lord have spoken it, and I will do it. 
Thus Saith the Lord God; I will yet for this be inquired of 
by the house of Israel, to do it for them; I will increase them 
with men like a flock. As the holy flock, as the flock of Je- 
rusalem in her solemn feasts; so shall the waste cities be fill- 
ed with flocks of men; and they shall know that I am the 
Lord. Ez. 36: 25—38. 

Substantive. Behold therefore the goodness and severity 
of God: on them which fell, severity: but toward thee, good- 
ness, if thou continue in his goodness: otherwise thou also 
slialt be cut off. And they also, if they abide not still in un- 
belief, shall be grafted in: for God is able to graff them in 
again. For if thou wert cut out of the olive tree which is 
wild by nature, and wert graffed contrary to nature into a 



EZEKIEL A TYPE OF CHRIST. 425 

good olive-tree; how much more shall these, which be the 
natural branches, be graffed into their own olive-tree? For I 
would not, brethren, that ye should be ignorant of this mys- 
tery, (lest ye should be wise in your own conceits) that blind- 
ness in part is happened to Israel, until the fulness of the 
Gentiles be come in. And so all Israel shall be saved: as it is 
written, There shall come out of Zion the Deliverer, and shall 
turn away ungodliness from Jacob: For this is my Covenant 
unto them, when I shall take away their sins. Rom. 11: 22-27. 

The prophet foretels the returning glory of God into his 
Temple, and that it "was the sin of Israel that hindered God's 
presence. 

Emblems. Afterward he brought me to the gate, even the 
gate that looketh toward the east: And behold, the glory of 
the God of Israel came from the way of the east: and his 
voice was like the noise of many waters: and the earth shined 
with his glory. And it was according to the appearance of 
the vision which I saw, even according to the vision that I 
saw when I came to destroy the city: and the visions were 
like the vision that I saw by the river Chebar ; and I fell 
upon my face. And the glory of the Lord came into the 
house by the way of the gate whose prospect is toward the 
east. So the Spirit took me up, and brought me into the in- 
ner court ; and behold, the glory of the Lord filled the house. 
And I heard him speaking unlo me out of the house ; and the 
man stood by me. And he said unto me, Son of man, the 
place of my throne, and the place of the soles of my feet, 
where I will dwell in the midst of the children of Israel for 
ever, and my holy name, shall the house of Israel no more do- 
file, neither they, nor their kings, by their whoredom, nor by 
the carcasses of their kings in their high places. h\ their 
setting of their threshold by my thresholds, and their post by 
my posts, and the wall between me and them, they have even 
defiled my holy name by their abominations that they have 
committed: wherefore I have consumed them in mine anger. 
Now, let them put away their whoredom, and the carcasses 
of their kings, far from me, and I will dwell in the midst of 
them for ever. Ezekiel 43: 1 — 9. 



426 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

Substantive. And one of the elders answered, saying 
unto me, What are these which are arrayed in white robes ? 
and whence came they? And I said unto him, Sir, thou 
knowest. And he said to me, These are they which come 
out of great tribulation, and have washed their robes, and 
made them white in the blood of the Lamb. Therefore are 
they before the throne of God, and serve him day and night 
in his Temple: and he that sitteth on the throne shall dwell 
among them. They shall hunger no more, neither thirst any- 
more ; neither shall the sun light on them, nor any heat. 
For the Lamb which is in the midst of the throne shall feed 
them, and shall lead them unto living fountains of waters: and 
God shall wipe away all tears from their eyes. Revelation 
7: 13—17. 

By the vision of the holy waters the prophet teaches the 
unbounded influences of the Spirit in the latter day glory, 
when the knowledge of the Lord shall cover the earth as the 
waters do the sea. 

Emblems. Afterward he brought me again unto the door 
of the house ; and behold, waters issued out from under the 
threshold of the house eastward: for the forefront of the house 
stood toward the east, and the waters came down from under 
from the right side of the house, at the south side of the altar. 
Then brought he me out of the way of the gate northward, 
and led me about the way without unto the outer gate by the 
way that looketh eastward ; and behold, there ran out water 
on the right side. And when the man that had the line in 
his hand, went forth eastward, he measured a thousand cubits, 
and he brought me through the waters ; the waters were to 
the ankles. Again he measured a thousand, and brought me 
through the waters ; the waters were to the knees. Again 
he measured a thousand, and brought me through ; the waters 
were to the loins. Afterward he measured a thousand ; and 
it was a river that I could not pass over: for the waters were 
risen, waters to swim in, a river that could not be passed 
over. Ezekiel 47: 1—5, 

Substantive. And he shewed me a pure river of water of 
life, clear as crystal, proceeding out of the throne of God and 



EZEKIEL A TYPE OF CHRIST. 427 

of the Lamb. In the midst of the street of it, and on either 
side of the river, was there the tree of life, which bare twelve 
manner of fruits, and yielded her fruit every month ; and the 
leaves of the tree were for the heading of the nations. And 
there shall be no more curse : but the throne of God and of 
the lamb shall be in it ; and his servants shall serve him : 
And they shall see his face ; and his name shall be in their 
foreheads. And there shall be no night there ; and they 
need no candle, neither light of the sun ; for the Lord God 
giveth them light ; and they shall reign for ever and ever. — 
Rev. 22: 1—5. 

We here close the typical character and mediatorial office 
of Ezekiel, as a prophet of the Lord. 

Ezekiel was the son of Buzi, of the tribe of Levi, and was 
carried a captive to Babylon by Nebuchadnezzar, with Jeho- 
iachin, king of Judah. 

The first we hear of Ezekiel is by the river Chebarin Mcs- 
sapotamia, 595 years before Christ, and, as is supposed about 
the thirtieth year of his age. 

His mission as a prophet, was a period of twenty years, 
during which time he was called to experience some of the 
most self-denying and mortifying acts of humility that human 
nature ia capable of sustaining, all of which he bore in hum- 
ble resignation to the will of God. His sympathy for the sad 
condition of his people, and his distress for the still heavier 
calamities that were pending, are touchingly and forcibly ex- 
pressed by his acts of mortification, in lying 390 days on his 
left side to signify the iniquity of the house of Israel, and af- 
ter this to turn again and lie 40 days on his right side, to sig- 
nify the iniquities of the house of Judah. Chapter 4. By 
these 430 days was denoted the siege of Jerusalem by Neb- 
uchadnezzar ; its duration, and that of the captivity of Judah, 
which was to continue 40 years, beginning at the last time of 
Jerusalem's being taken in the reign of Zedekiah. After 
this, Ezekiel was transported in the spirit to Jerusalem, and 
God showed him the abominations and idolatries committed 
there by the Jews, which were to draw down upon them the 
most terrible effects of divine vengeance. The purport of all 



428 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

his visions were realized in his day, as far as the temporal al- 
lusions were concerned, and vengeance began at the temple 
of the Lord, which was soon filled with blood and slaughter. 
The very day that Jerusalem was taken and sacked, Ezekiel 
declared the event to his brethren, who were with him in 
Messapotamia, 200 leagues from the seat of war, which is 
proof positive of his being divinely inspired. The prophet 
not only foretold the events that came upon his own people 
and Jerusalem for their iniquities, but also the judgments of 
Tyre for insulting the Jews upon their calamitous condition, 
and exulting in their adversity ; also of Pharaoh-Hophne, 
king of Egypt, for a similar exultation and triumphant jeer- 
ing over the afflictions and downfall of the people of God ; 
all of which were literally fulfilled, and remain to the present 
day as sad monuments of God's judgments and retributive 
justice. 

After these sad exhibitions of God's judgments upon the 
wicked, the prophet takes up the theme of the reign of Mes- 
siah in the latter day glory, and the abundance of peace, pros 
perity and joy that should be the concomitants of his glorious 
reign upon earth ; when the wandering tribes of Israel should 
be gathered Lome, and they and the Gentile nations all con- 
stitute one fold under one Shepherd and Bishop of souls 
When there should be no more war in all the holy mountain 
of the Lord, and when 'Jerusalem should go forth as bright- 
ness, and salvation as a lamp that burnetii.' 

There is a tradition that Ezekiel was put to death by the 
prince of his people for exhorting him to leave his idolatry ; 
if this be true, it furnishes another striking point of analogy 
between him and his great Antitype, as sealing the truth with 
his own blood, ahd thus ratifying the covenant, as a priest. 



DANIEL A TYPE OF CHRIST. 429 

CHAPTER IV. 

OF THE PKOPHET DANIEL, AS A TYPE OF CHRIST. 

The manner of Daniel's inauguration into the prophetic 
office: he prayeth to God for instruction and is answered in a 
vision of the night, and informed of Nebuchadnezzar's dream, 
whereupon the king promotes him to the chief ruler and com- 
mander in the kingdom. 

Then Daniel answered with counsel and wisdom to Arioch 
the captain of the king's guard, which was gone forth to slay 
the wise men of Babylon : He answered and said to Arioch 
the king's captain, Why is the decree so hasty from the king ? 
Then Arioch made the king known to Daniel. Then Daniel 
went in, and desired of the king that he would give him time, 
and that he would shew the king the interpretation. Then 
Daniel went to his house and made the thing known to Han- 
aniah, Mishael, and Azariah, his companions : That they 
would desire mercies of the God of heaven concerning this 
secret ; that Daniel and his fellows should not perish with 
the rest of the wise men of Babylon. Then was the secret 
revealed unto Daniel in a night vision. Then Daniel blessed 
the God of heaven. Daniel answered and said, Blessed be 
the name of God for ever and ever ; for wisdom and might 
are his : And he changeth the times and the seasons ; he re- 
moveth kings, and setteth up kings ; he giveth wisdom unto 
the wise, and knowledge to them that know understanding : 
He revealeth the deep and secret things ; he knowcth what 
is in the darkness, and the light dwelleth with him. I thank 
thee, and praise thee, thou God of my fathers, who hast 
given me wisdom and might, and hast made known unto me 
now what we desired of thee ; for thou hast now made known 
unto us the king's matter. Daniel 2: 14—23. 

In the above paragraph, Daniel declares that Nebuchad- 
nezzar's dream was made known to him by the God of his 



430 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

fathers, in a night vision. Here then, in the Covenant with 
Daniel, by which he was inaugurated into the prophetic office, 
we discover as always a two-fold Trinity. 1. The Spiritual 
Trinity in Creation and Legislation, in the Father, the Word, 
and the Holy Ghost, through which the Father always Speaks 
and acts. 2. A Compound Executive Typical Trinity in Re- 
demption, consisting of the Father, Daniel, and the Holy 
Ghost. Daniel thus becomes the prophet and mediator, be- 
tween the Father and Israel, through whom the Father makes 
known his will to Israel and to the world. Thus the com- 
munications, and temporal, and spiritual transactions between 
the Father and Israel, are conducted throughout the Adminis- 
tration of Daniel, as one of the prophets of the Lord. 

Upon the interpretation of Nebuchadnezzar's dream, the 
king immediately advances Daniel to the highest office in the 
kingdom, even ruler over the whole of his dominions, and 
chief of the governors over all the wise men of Babylon. 

Symbols. Then the king Nebuchadnezzar fell upon tis 
face, and worshipped Daniel, and commanded that they should 
offer an oblation and sweet odours unto him. The king an- 
swered unto Daniel, and said, Of a truth it is, that your God 
is a God of gods, and a Lord of kings, and a revealer of se- 
crets, seeing thou couldest reveal this secret. Then the king 
made Daniel a great man, and gave him many great gifts, and 
made him ruler over the whole province of Babylon, and chief 
of the governors over all the wise men of Babylon. Then 
Daniel requested of the king, and he set Shadrach, Meshach, 
and Abed-nego, over the affairs of the province of Babylon : 
but Daniel sat in the gate of the king. Daniel 2: 46 — 49. 

Substantive. And I saw in the right hand of him that 
sat on the throne a book written within and on the back side, 
sealed with seven seals. And I saw astroug angel proclaim- 
ing with a loud voice, Who is worthy to open the book and to 
loose the seals thereof? And no man in heaven, nor in 
earth, neither under the earth was able to open the book, 
neither to look thereon. And I wept much, because no man 
was found worthy to open, and to read the book, neither to 
look thereon. And one of the elders saith unto me, Weep 
not : behold, the Lion of the tribe of Juda, the Root cf Da- 



DANIEL A TYPE OF CHRIST. 431 

vid hath prevailed to open the book, and to loose the seven 
seals thereof. And I beheld, and lo, in the midst of the 
throne, and of the four beasts, and in the midst of the elders, 
stood a Lamb as it had been slain, having seven horns, and 
seven eyes, which are the seven Spirits of God sent forth into 
all the earth. And he came and took the book out of the 
right hand of him that sat upon the throne. And when he 
had taken the book, the four beasts, and four and twenty 
elders fell down before the Lamb, having every one of them 
harps, and golden vials full of odors, which are the prayers 
of the saints. And they sung a new song, saying, Thou art 
worthy to take the book, and to open the seals thereof: for 
thou wast slain, and hast redeemed us to God by thy blood 
out of every kindred, and tongue, and people, and nation ; 
And hast made us unto our God kings and priests : and we 
shall reign on the earth. Rev. v. 1-10. 

Nebuchadnezzar, the king, dreams a dream and sees a vis- 
ion, which greatly troubles him ; he applies to the magicians 
and astrologers of Babylon ; but they could not interpret the 
dream. He then applies to Daniel, in whom he acknowl- 
edges the Spirit of the holy God dwelt. 

Emblems. But at the last Daniel came in before me, whose 
name was Belteshazzar, according to the name of my god, and 
in whom is the Spirit of the holy gods: and before him I told 
the dream, saying, Belteshazzar, master of the magicians, 
because I know that the Spirit of the holy gods is in thee, and 
no secret troubleth thee, tell me the visions of my dream that 
I have seen, and the interpretation thereof. Thus were the 
visions of mine head in my bed: I saw, and behold a tree in 
the midst of the earth, and the height thereof was great 
The tree grew, and was strong, and the height thereof reach- 
ed unto heaven, and the sight thereof to the end of all the 
earth : The leaves thereof were fair, and the fruit thereof 
much, and in it was meat for all : the beasts of the field had 
shadow under it, and the fowls in the heaven dwelt in the 
boughs thereof, and all flesh was fed of it. I saw in the vis- 
ions of my head upon my bed, and behold, a watcher and an 
holy one came down from heaven ; He cried aloud, and said 



432 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

said thus, Hew down the tree, and cut off bis branches, shake 
off his leaves, and scatter his fruit : let the beasts get away 
from under it, and the fowls from his branches. Neverthe- 
less, leave the stump of his roots in the earth, even with a 
band of iron and brass, in the tender grass of the field ; and 
let it be wet with the dew of heaven, and let his portion be 
with the beasts in the grass of the earth. Let his heart be 
changed from man's, and let a beast's heart be given unto 
him ; and let seven times pass over him. This matter is by 
the decree of the watchers, and the demand by the word of 
the holy ones : to the intent that the living may know that 
the Most High ruleth in the kingdom of men, and giveth it 
to whomsoever he will, and setteth up over it the basest of 
men. This dream I Nebuchadnezzar have seen. Now thou, 
Belteshazzar, declare the interpretation thereof, forasmuch 
as all the wise men of my kingdom are not able to make 
known unto me the interpretation : but thou art able ; for 
the Spirit of the holy gods is in thee. Daniel iv. 8-18. 

Substantive. For I would that ye knew what great con- 
flict I have for you, and for them at Laodicea, and for as many 
as have not seen my face in the flesh ; that their hearts might 
be comforted, being knit together in love, and unto all riches 
of the full assurance of understanding, to the acknowledg- 
ment of the mystery of God, and of the Father, and of Christ ; 
In whom are hid all the treasures of wisdom and knowledge. 
And this I say, lest any man should beguile you with enticing 
words. For though I be absent in the flesh, yet am I with 
youin the spirit, joying and beholding your order, and the 
steadfastness of your faith in Christ. As ye therefore have 
received Christ Jesus the Lord, so walk ye in him : Rooted 
and built up in him, and stablished in the faith, as ye have 
been taught, abounding therein with thanksgiving. Beware 
lest any man spoil you through philosophy and vain deceit, 
after the tradition of men, after the rudiments of the world, 
and not after Christ. For in him dwelleth all the fulness of 
the Godhead bodily. Col. ii. 1-9. 

Daniel interprets king Nebuchadnezzar's dream, and as a 
prophet of the Lord and type of Christ, tells the king the 



DANIEL A TYPE OF CHRIST. 433 

purpose of the Lord, and how to deport himsel to avoid the 
decree which was contemplated. 

Emblems. Then Daniel, whose name was Beltehazzar, 
was astonied for one hour, and his thoughts troubled him. 
The king spake, and said, Belteshazzar, let not the dream, or 
the interpretation thereof, trouble thee. Beltehazzar an- 
swered, and said, My Lord, the dream be to them that hate 
thee, and the interpretation thereof to thine enemies. The 
tree that thou sawest, which grew, and was strong, whose 
height reached unto heaven, and the sight thereof to all the 
earth ; whose leaves were fair, and the fruit thereof much, 
and in it was meat for all ; under which the beasts of the 
field dwelt, and upon whose branches the fowls of heaven had 
their habitation : It is thou, king, that art grown and be- 
come strong : for thy greatness is grown, and reacheth unto 
heaven, and thy dominion to the end of the earth. And 
whereas the king saw a watcher and an holy one coming 
down from heaven, and saying, Hew the tree down, and de- 
stroy it; yet leave the stump of the roots thereof in the earth, 
even with a band of iron and brass, in the tender grass of the 
field; and let it be wet with the dew of heaven, and let his 
portion be with the beasts of the field, till seven times pass 
over him; This is the interpretation, king, and this is the 
decree of the Most High, which is come upon my lord the 
king: That they shall drive thee from men, and thy dwelling 
shall be with the beasts of the field, and they shall make thee 
to eat grass as oxen, and they shall wet thee with the dew of 
heaven, and seven times shall pass over thee, till thou know 
that the Most High ruleth in the kingdom of men, and giveth 
it to whomsoever he will. And whereas they commanded to 
leave the stump of the tree roots; thy kingdom shall be sure 
unto thee, after that thou shalt have known that the heavens 
do rule. Wherefore, king, let my counsel be acceptable 
unto thee, and break off thy sins by righteousness, and thine 
iniquities by shewing mercy to the poor; if it may be a length- 
ening of thy tranquility. All this came upon the king Ne- 
buchadnezzar. Daniel 4: 19 — 28. 

Substantive. At that time Jesus answcrd and Said, I 
28 



434 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

thank thee, Father, Lord of heaven and earth, because 
thou hast hid these things from the wise and prudent, and 
hast revealed them unto babes. Even so, Father, for so it 
seemed good in thy sight. All things are delivered unto me 
of my Father; and no man knoweth the Son, but the Father; 
neither knoweth any man the Father, save the Son, and he to 
whomsoevor the Son will reveal him. Come unto me, all ye 
that labor, and are heavy laden, and I will give you rest. 
Take my yoke upon you, and learn of me: for I am meek and 
lowly in heart: and ye shall find rest unto your souls. For 
my yoke is easy, and my burden is light. Matt. 11: 25 — 30. 

Nebuchadnezzer exulting in his pride in view of great Bab- 
ylon, which he had built, and the vast possession of his Em- 
pire, is stricken with the judgments of the Almighty, and 
driven to the fields as a beast to eat grass as an ex, until he 
become penitent and humble, when he was restored to his 
right mind and to his kingdom. 

Symbols. At the end of twelve months he walked in the 
palace of the kingdom of Babylon. The king spake, and 
said, Is not this great Babylon, that I have built for the house 
of the kingdom by the might of my power, and for the honor 
of my majesty? While the word was in the king's mouth, 
there fell a voice from heaven, saying, king Nebuchadnez- 
zar, to thee it is Spoken; The kingdom is departed from thee: 
And they shall drive thee from men, and thy dwelling shall 
be with the beasts of the field; they shall make thee to eat 
grass as oxen, and seven times shall pass over thee, until thou 
know that the Most High ruleth in the kingdom of men, and 
giveth it to whomsoever he will. The same hour was the 
thing fulfilled upon Nebuchadnezzar: and he was driven from 
men, and did eat grass as oxen, and his body was wet with 
the dew of heaven, till his hairs were grown like eagles' feath- 
ers, and his nails like birds' claws. And at the end of the 
days I Nebuchadnezzar lifted up mine eyes unto heaven, and 
mine understanding returned unto me, and I blessed the Most 
High, and I praised and honored him that liveth for ever, 
whose dominion is an everlasting dominion, and his kingdom 
from generation to generation: And all the inhabitants of 



DANIEL A TYPE OF CHRIST. 435 

the earth are reputed as nothing: and he doeth according to 
his will in the army of heaven, and among the inhabitants of 
the earth: and none can stay his hand, or say unto him, What 
doest thou? At the same time my reason returned unto me: 
and for the glory of my kingdom, mine honor and bright- 
ness returned unto me; and my counsellors and my lords 
sought unto me; and I was established in my kingdom, and 
excellent majesty was added unto me. Now I Nebuchnezzar 
praise and extol and honor the King of heaven, all whose 
works are truth, and his ways judgment: and those that walk 
in pride he is able to abase. Daniel 4: 29 — 37. 

Substantive. And when he came to himself, he said, How 
many hired servants of my father's have bread enough and 
to spare, and I perish with hunger! I will arise and go to 
my father, and will say unto him, Father, I have sinned against 
heaven, and before thee, And am no more worthy to be call- 
ed thy son: make me as one of thy hired servants. And he 
arose, and came to his father. But when he was yet a great 
way off, his father saw him, and had compassion, and ran, and 
fell on his neck, and kissed him. And he said unto him, Fa- 
ther, I have sinned against heaven, and in thy sight, and am 
no more worthy to be called thy son. But the father said 
unto his servants, Bring forth the best robe, and put it on 
him; and put a ring on his hand, and shoes on his feet: And 
bring hither the fatted calf, and kill it; and let us eat, and 
be merry: For this my son was dead, and is alive again: he 
was lost, and is found. And they began to be merry. Luke 
15: 17—24. 

At a great and impious feast which Belshazzar made to his 
wives, concubines, and lords of the kingdom, there appeared 
a mysterious hand-writing in enigmatical characters on the 
wall, at which the king is greatly troubled, and after apply- 
ing to the magicians and wise men of the nation to interpret 
the writing, and all having failed, Daniel is recommended by 
the queen, who interprets the writing. 

Symbols. Now the queen by reason of the words of the 
king and his lords came into the banquet-house; and the 
queen spake and said, king, live for ever; let not thy 



436 EXPOSITION OP THE TRINITIES. 

thoughts trouble thee, nor let thy countenance be changed: 
There is a man in thy kingdom, in whom is the Spirit of the 
holy gods; and in the days of thy father light and under- 
standing and wisdom, like the wisdom of the gods, was found 
in him; whom the king Nebuchadnezzar thy father, the king, 
I say, thy father, made master of the magicians, astrologers, 
Chaldeans, and sooth-sayers: Forasmuch as an excellent spir- 
it, and knowledge, and understanding, interpreting of dreams, 
and shewing of hard sentences, and dissolving of doubts, were 
found in the same Daniel, whom the king named Belteshazzar: 
now let Daniel be called, and he will shew the interpretation. 
Then was Daniel brought in before the king. And the king 
spake and said unto Daniel, Art thou that Daniel which art 
of the children of the captivity of Judah, whom the king my 
father brought out of Jewry? I have even heard of thee, 
that the Spirit of the gods isjn theo, and that light and un- 
derstanding and excellent wisdom is found in thee. And now 
the wise men, the astrologers, have been brought in before 
me, that they should read this writing, and make known unto 
me the interpretation thereof; but they could not shew the 
interpretation of the thing: And I have heard of thee, that 
thou canst make interpretations, and dissolve doubts; now if 
thou canst read the writing, and make known to me the in- 
terpretation thereof, thou shalt be clothed with scarlet, and 
have a chain of gold about thy neck, and shalt be the third 
ruler in the kingdom. Daniel 5: 10 — 16. 

Substantive. And I saw in the right hand of him that 
sat on the throne a book written within and on the back side, 
sealed with seven seals. And I saw a strong angel proclaim- 
ing with a loud voice, Who is worthy to open the book, and 
to loose the seals thereof? And no man in heaven, nor in 
earth, neither under the earth, was able to open the book, 
neither to look therein. And I wept much, because no man 
was found worthy to open, and to read the book, neither to 
look thereon. And one of the elders saith unto me, Weep 
not: behold, the Lion of the tribe of Juda, the Root of David, 
hath prevailed to open the book, and to loose the seven seals 
thereof. And I beheld, and lo, in the midst of the throne, 



DANIEL A TYPE OF CHRIST. 437 

and of the four beasts, and in the midst of the elders, stood 
a Lamb as it had been slain, having horns, and seven eyes, 
which are the seven Spirits of God sent forth into all the earth. 
And he came and took the book out of the right hand of him 
that sat upon the throne. And when he had taken the book, 
the four beasts, and four and twenty elders fell down before 
the Lamb, having every one of them harps, and golden vials 
full of odors, which are the prayers of saints. And they sung 
a new song, sayiDg, Thou art worthy to take the book, and 
to open the seals thereof: for thou wast slain, and hast redeem- 
ed us to God by thy blood out of every kindred, and tongue, 
and people, and nation: And hast made us unto our God kings 
and priests: and we shall reign on the earth. Kev. 5: 1 — 10. 

Daniel interprets the hand writing upon the wall, accord- 
ing to which interpretation was the fulfillment the same 
night, and Daniel is promoted, and made the third ruler in 
the kingdom. 

Symbols. And this is the writing that was written, Mene, 
mene, Tekel, upsharsin. This is the interpretation of the 
thing; mene; God hath numbered thy kingdom, and finished 
it. Tekel; Thou art weighed in the balances, and art found 
wanting. Peres; Thy kingdom is divided, and given to the 
Medes and Persians. Then commanded Belshazzar, and they 
clothed Daniel with scarlet, and put a chain of gold about his 
neck, and made a proclamation concerning him, that he should 
be the third ruler in the kingdom. In that night was Bel- 
shazzar the king of the Chaldeans slain. And Darius the 
Median took the kingdom, being about threescore and two 
years old. Dan. 5: 25 — 31. 

Substantive. He shall be great, and shall be called the Son 
of the highest; and the Lord shall give unto him the throne of 
his father David. And he shall reign over the house of Jacob 
for ever; and of his kingdom there shall be no end. Then said 
Mary unto the angel, How shall this be, seeing I know not 
a man? And the angel answered and said unto her, The 
Holy Ghost shall come upon thee, and the power of the High? 
est shall overshadow thee; therefore also that holy thing 



438 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

which shall be born of thee, shall be called the Son of God. 
Luke 1: 32—35. 

The presidents and princes of the Babylonian Empire be- 
coming envious of Daniel's promotion, conspire his destruction 
by a decree from the king. 

Emblems. It pleased Darius to set over the kingdom an 
hundred and twenty princes, which should be over the whole 
kingdom; And over these three presidents; of whom Daniel 
was first; that the princes might give accounts to them, and 
the king should have no damage. Then this Daniel was 
preferred above the presidents and princes, because an excel- 
lent spirit was in him; and the king thought to set him over 
the whole realm. Then the presidents and princes sought to 
find occasion against Daniel concerning the kingdom: but 
they could find none occasion nor fault; forasmuch as he was 
faithful, neither was there any error or fault found in him. 
Then said these men, We shall not find any occasion against 
this Daniel, except we find it against him concerning the law 
of his God. Then these presidents and princes assembled 
together to the king, and said thus unto him, King Darius, 
live for ever. All the presidents of the kingdom, the gov- 
ernors, and the princes, the counsellors, and the captains, 
have consulted together to establish a royal statute, and to 
make a firm decree, that whosoever shall ask a petition of 
any God or any man for thirty days, save of thee, king, he 
shall be cast into the den of lions. Now, king, establish 
the decree, and sign the writing, that it be not changed, ac- 
cording to the law of the Medes and Persians, which altereth 
not. Wherefore king Darius signed the writing and the de- 
cree. Dan. 6: 1 — 9. 

Substantive. Now at that feast, the governor was wont 
to release unto the people a prisoner, whom they would. 
And they had then a notable prisoner, called Barabbas. 
Therefore, when they were gathered together, Pilate said un- 
to them, Whom will ye that I release unto you? Barabbas, 
or Jesus, which is called Christ? (For he knew that for en- 
vy they had delivered him.) When he was set down on the 
judgment-seat, his wife sent unto him, saying, Have thou no- 



DANIEL A TYPE OP CHRIST. 439 

thing to do with that just man: for I have suffered many 
things this clay in a dream, because of him. But the chief 
priests and elders persuaded the multitude that they should 
ask Barabbas, and destroy Jesus. The governor answered 
and said unto them, Whether of the twain will ye that I re- 
lease unto you? They said, Barabbas. Pilate saith unto 
them, What shall I do then with Jesus, which is called Christ? 
They all say unto him, Let him be crucified. And the govern- 
or said, Why, what evil hath he done? But they cried out the 
more, saying, Let him be crucified. Matt. 27: 15 — 23. 

Daniel is accused by the governors and princes of violating 
the decree, and is cast into the lion's den. 

Symbols. Now when Daniel knew that the writing was 
signed, he went into his house; and his windows being open 
in his chamber toward Jerusalem, he kneeled upon his knees 
three times a day, and prayed, and gave thanks before his 
God, as he did aforetime. Then these men assembled, and 
found Daniel praying and making supplication before his 
God. Then they came near, and spake before the king con- 
cerning the king's decree; Hast thou not signed a decree, that 
every man that shall ask a petition of any God or man with- 
in thirty days, save of thee, Oking, shall be cast into the den 
of lions ? The king answered and said, The thing is true, 
according to the law of the Medes and Persians, which alter- 
eth not. Then answered they and said before the king, That 
Daniel, which is of the children of the captivity of Judah, 
regardeth not thee, king, nor the decree that thou hast 
signed, but maketh his petition three times a day. Then the 
king, when he heard these words, was sore displeased with 
himself, and set his heart on Daniel to deliver him; and he 
labored till the going down of the sun to deliver him. Then 
these men assembled unto the king, and said unto the king, 
Know, king, that the law of the Medes and Persians is, 
That no decree nor statute which the king established may 
be changed. Then the king commanded, that they brought 
Daniel, and cast him into the den of lions. Now the king- 
spake and said unto Daniel, Thy God whom thou serves! con- 
tinually, he will deliver thee. And a stone was brought, and 



440 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

laid upon the mouth of the den; and the king sealed it with 
his own signet, and with the signet of his lords; that the pur- 
pose might not be changed concerning Daniel. Dan. 6: 10-17. 

Substantive. And while he yet spake, lo, Judas, one of 
the twelve, came, and with him a great multitude with swords 
and staves, from the chief priests and elders of the people. 
Now he that betrayed him, gave them a sign, saying, Whom- 
soever I shall kiss, that same is he; hold him fast. And forth- 
with he came to Jesus, and said, Hail, Master; and kissed 
him. And Jesus Said unto him, Friend, wherefore art thou 
come? Then came they and laid hands on Jesus, and took him. 
And behold, one of them which were with Jesus, stretched 
out his hand and drew his sword, and struck a servant of the 
high priest, and smote off his ear. Then Said Jesus unto him y 
Put up again thy sword into his place; for all they that take 
the sword, shall perish with the sword. Thinkest thou that 
I cannot now pray to my Father, and he shall presently give 
me more than twelve legions of angels? But how then shall 
the scriptures be fulfilled, that thus it must be? In that same 
hour Said Jesus to the multitude, Are ye come out as against 
a thief with swords and staves for to take me? I sat daily 
with you teaching in the temple, and ye laid no hold on me. 
But all this was done, that the scriptures of the prophets 
might be fulfilled. Then all the disciples forsook him, and 
fled. Matt. 26. 47—56. 

Daniel being rescued from the lion's den, to the great joy 
of the king, his accusers, with their wives and children are 
cast in, and all devoured before they reach the bottom of the 
den. 

Symbols. And the king commanded, and they brought 
those men which had accused Daniel, and they cast them into 
the den of lions, them, their children, and their wives ; and 
the lions had the mastery of them, and brake all their bones 
in pieces or ever they came at the bottom of the den. Then 
king Darius wrote unto all people, nations, and languages, 
that dwell in all the earth ; Peace be multiplied unto you. I 
make a decree, That in every dominion of my kingdom men 
tremble and fear before the God of Daniel : for he is the liv- 



DANIEL A TYPE OF CHRIST. 441 

ing God, and steadfast for ever, and his kingdom that which 
shall not be destroyed, and his dominion shall be even unto 
the end. He delivereth and rescueth, and he worketh signs 
and wonders in heaven and in earth, who hath delivered Dan- 
iel from the power of the lions. So this Daniel prospered in 
the reign of Darius, and in the reign of Cyrus the Persian. 
Dan. 6 : 24—28. 

Substantive. But Mary stood without at the sepulchre 
weeping : and as she wept she stooped down, and looked into 
the sepulchre, And seeth two angels in white, sitting, the one 
at the head, and the other at the feet, where the body of Je- 
sus had lain. And they say unto her, Woman, why weepest 
thou ? She saith unto them, Because they have taken away 
my Lord, and I know not where they have laid him. And 
when she had thus said, she turned herself back, and saw Je- 
sus standing, and knew not that it was Jesus. Jesus saith 
unto her, Woman, why weepest thou? whom seekest thou? 
She, supposing him to be the gardener, saith unto him, Sir, if 
thou hast borne him hence, tell me where thou hast laid him, 
and I will take him away. Jesus saith unto her, Mary. She 
turned herself, and saith unto him, Rabboni, which is to say, 
Master. Jesus saith unto her, Touch me not : for I am not yet 
ascended to my Father ; but go to my brethren, and say unto 
them, I ascend unto my Father and your Father, and to my 
God and your God. John 20 : 11—17. 

Daniel prophecieth of the glory and perpetuity of Christ's 
kingdom. 

Symbols. I beheld till the thrones were cast down, and 
the Ancient of days did sit, whose garment was white as snow, 
and the hair of his head like the pure wool : his throne was 
like the fiery flame, and his wheels as burning fire. A fiery 
stream issued and came forth from before him : thousand 
thousands ministered to him, and ten thousand times ten thou- 
sand stood before him: the judgment was set, and the books 
w r ere opened. I beheld then because of the voice of the great 
words which the horn spake : I beheld even till the beast was 
slain, and his body destroyed, and given to the burning flame. 
As concerning the rest of the beasts, they had their dominion 



442 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

taken awaay : yet their lives were prolonged for a season and 
time. I saw in the night visions, and behold, one like the 
Son of man came with the clouds of heaven, and came to the 
Ancient of days, and they brought him near before him. And 
there was given him dominion, and glory, and a kingdom, that 
all people, nations, and languages, should serve him : his do- 
minion is an everlasting dominion, which shall not pass away, 
and his kingdom that which shall not be destroyed. Daniel 
7: 9—14. 

Substantive. For as in Adam all die, even so in Christ 
shall all be made alive. But every man in his own order : 
Christ the first-fruits ; afterward they that are Christ's at his 
coming. Then cometh the end, when he shall have delivered 
up the kingdomto God, even the Father ; when he shall have 
put down all rule, and all authority, and 'power. For he must 
reign, till he hath put all enemies under his feet. The last 
enemy that shall be destroyed is death. For he hath put all 
things under his feet. But when he saith all things are put 
under him, it is manifest that he is excepted which did put all 
things under him. And when all things shall be subdued 
unto him ; then shall the Son also himself be subject unto him 
that put all things under him, thot God may be all in all. 1 
Cor. 15 : 22—28. 

Daniel, in great distress for the desolation of Jerusalem, 
prayeth for the restoration thereof, acknowledged the sins of 
the people as the cause of all their affliction and shame, but 
pleads God's mercies in behalf of downtrodden Jerusalem. 

Emblems. Lord, according to all thy righteousness, I 
beseech thee, let thine anger and thy fury be turned away from 
the city Jerusalem, thy holy mountain : because for our sins, 
and for the iniquities of our fathers, Jerusalem and thy peo- 
ple are become a reproach to all that are about us. Now 
therefore, our God, hear the prayer of thy servant, and his 
supplications, and cause thy face to shine upon thy sanctuary 
that is desolate, for the Lord's sake. my God, incline thine 
ear, and hear ; open thine eyes, and behold our desolations, 
and the city which is called by thy name : for we do not pre- 
sent our righteousnesses, but for thy great mercies. Lord, 



DANIEL A TYPE OF CHRIST. 443 

hear ; Lord, forgive ; Lord, hearken and do ; defer not, 
for thine own sake, my God : for thy city and thy people 
are called by thy name. Dan. 9 : 16 — 19. 

Substantive. Wherefore, behold, I send unto you proph- 
ets, and wise men, and scribes ; and some of them ye shall 
kill and crucify, and some of them shall ye scourge in your 
synagogues, and persecute them from city to city : That upon 
you may come all the righteous blood shed upon the earth, 
from the blood of righteous Abel, unto the blood of Zacharias, 
son of Barachias, whom ye slew between the temple and the 
altar. Verily I say unto you, All these things shall come 
upon this generation. Jerusalem, Jerusalem, thou that 
killest the prophets, and stonest them which are sent unto thee, 
how often would I have gathered thy children together, even as 
a hen gathereth her chickens under her wings, and ye would 
not ! Behold, your house is left unto you desolate. For I say 
unto you, Ye shall not see me henceforth, till ye shall say, 
Blessed is he that cometh in the name of the Lord. Matt. 
23: 34—39. 

The angel Gabriel is sent to inform Daniel of the period 
of Jerusalem's desolation, and the coming of Messiah ; also, 
that he should be cut off for the transgressions of his people. 

Prophet, And while I was speaking, and praying, and 
confessing my sin, and the sin of my people Israel, and pre- 
senting my supplication before the Lord my God for the holy 
mountain of my God ; Yea, while I was speaking in prayer, 
even the man Gabriel, whom I had seen in the vision at the 
beginning, being caused to fly swiftly, touched me about the 
time of the evening oblation. And he informed me, and 
talked with me, and said, Daniel, I am now come forth to 
give thee skill and understanding. At the beginning of thy 
supplications the commandment came forth, and 1 am conic to 
show thee ; for thou art greatly beloved : therefore under- 
stand the matter and consider the vision. Seventy weeks are 
determined upon thy people and upon thy holy city, to finish 
the transgression, and to make an end of sins, and to make 
reconciliation for iniquity, and to bring in everlasting right- 
eousness, and to seal up the vision and prophecy, and to anoint 



444 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

the Most Holy. Know therefore and understand, that from 
the going forth of the commandment to restore and to build 
Jerusalem unto the Messiah the Prince shall be seven weeks, 
and threescore and two weeks : the street shall be built again, 
and the wall, even in troublous times. And after threescore 
and two weeks shall Messiah be cut off, but not for himself: 
and the people of the prince that shall come shall destroy the 
city and the sanctuary ; and the end thereof shall be with a 
flood, and unto the end of the war desolations are determined. 
And he shall confirm the covenant with many for one week : 
and in the midst of the week he shall cause the sacrifice and 
the oblation to cease, and for the overspreading of abomina- 
tions, he shall make it desolate, even until the consummation, 
and that determined shall be poured upon the desolate. Dan. 
9: 20—27. 

Evangelist. And this gospel of the kingdom shall be 
'preached in all the world, for a witness unto all nations ; and 
then shall the end come. When ye therefore, shall see the 
the abomination of desolation, spoken of by Daniel the prophet, 
stand in the holy place, (whoso readeth let him understand,) 
Then let them which be in Judea flee into the mountains : Let 
him which is on the house top, not come down to take any 
thing out of his house : Neither let him which is in the field 
return back to take his clothes. And wo unto them that are 
with child, and to them that give such in those days ! But 
pray ye that your flight be not in the winter, neither on the 
Sabbath-day : For then shall be great tribulation, such as was 
not since the beginning of the world to this time, no, nor 
ever shall be. And except those days should be shortened, 
there should be no flesh saved : but for the elect's sake those 
days shall be shortened. Then if any man shall say unto 
you, Lo, here is Christ, or there ; believe it not. For there 
shall arise false Christs, and false prophets, and shall show 
great signs and wonders ; insomuch that, if it were possible, 
they shall deceive the very elect. Behold, I have told you 
before. Wherefore, if they shall say unto you, Behold he is 
in the desert ; go not forth : behold, he is in the secret cham- 
bers ; believe it not. For as the lightning cometh out of the 



DANIEL A TYPE OF CHRIST. 445 

east, and shineth even unto the west ; so shall also the coming 
of the Son of man be. For wheresoever the carcass is, there 
will the eagles be gathered together. Matt. 24 : 14 — 28. 

Daniel by the great river in the Babylonian Empire, sees a 
vision, which revealed unto him certain events at a great dis- 
tance of time, but which were true, and should have their 
fulfillment. 

Emblems. In the third year of Cyrus king of Persia a 
thing was revealed unto Daniel, whose name was called 
Belteshazzar ; and the thing was true, but the time appointed 
was long ; and he understood the thing, and had understand- 
ing of the vision. In those days I Daniel was mourning 
three full weeks. I ate no pleasant bread, neither came flesh 
nor wine in my mouth, neither did I anoint myself at all, till 
three whole weeks were fulfilled. And in the four and twen- 
tieth day of the first month, as I was by the side of the great 
river, which is Hiddikel ; Then I lifted up mine eyes, and 
looked, and behold a certain man clothed in linen, whose loins 
were girded with fine gold of Uphaz : His body also was like 
the beryl, and his face as the appearance of lightning, and his 
eyes as lamps of fire, and his arms and his feet like in color 
to polished brass, and the voice of his words like the voice of 
a multitude. And I Daniel alone saw the vision : for the 
men that were with me saw not the vision ; but a great quak- 
ing fell upon them, so that they fled to hide themselves. There- 
fore I was left alone, and saw this great vision, and there re- 
mained no strength in me : for my comeliness was turned in 
me into corruption, and I retained no strength. Yet heard I 
the voice of his words : and when I heard the voice of his 
words, then was I in a deep sleep on my face, and my face to- 
ward the grouud. Dan. 10 • 1 — 9. 

Substantive. I was in the Spirit on the Lord's day, and 
heard behind me a great voice, as of a trumpet. Saying, I 
am Alpha and Omega, the first and the last : and, what thou 
seest, write in a book, and send it unto the seven churches 
which are in Asia ; unto Ephcsus, and unto Smyrna, and unto 
Sardis, and unto Philadelphia, and unto Laodieea. 
And I turned to see the voice that spake with me. And being 



446 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

turned, I saw seven golden candlesticks ; And in the midst of 
the seven candlesticks one like unto the Son of man, clothed 
with a garment down to the foot, and girt about the paps 
with a golden girdle. His head and his hairs were white like 
wool, as white as snow ; and his eyes were as aflame of fire ; 
And his feet like unto fine brass, as if they burned in a fur- 
nace ; and his voice as the sound of many waters. And he had 
in his right hand seven stars : and out of his mouth went a 
sharp two-edged sword : and his countenance was as the sun 
shineth in his strength. And when I saw him, I fell at his 
feet as dead. And he laid his right hand upon me, saying 
unto me, Fear not ; I am the first and the last : I am he that 
liveth and was dead; and behold, I am alive for evermore, 
Amen ; and have the keys of hell and of death. Write the 
things which thou hast seen, and the things which are, and 
the things which shall be hereafter ; The mystery of the seven 
stars which thou sawest in my right hand, and the seven 
golden candlesticks. The seven stars are the angels of the 
seven churches : and the seven candlesticks which thou sawest 
are the seven churches. Rev. 1 : 10 — 20. 

Daniel being alarmed and troubled at the awfully glorious 
visions which he beheld, is comforted by the angel, and takes 
courage. 

Symbols. And behold, an hand touched me, which set me 
upon my knees, and upon the palms of my hands, And he 
said unto me, Daniel, a man greatly beloved, understand 
the words that I speak unto thee, and stand upright : for unto 
thee am I now sent. And when he had spoken this word unto 
me, I stood trembling. Then said he unto me, fear not, Dan- 
iel : for from the first day that thou didst set thine heart to 
understand, and to chasten thyself before thy God, thy words 
were heard, and I am come for thy words. But the prince of 
the kingdom of Persia withstood me one and twenty days: 
but lo, Michael, one of the chief princes, came to help me; 
and I remained there with the kings of Persia. Now I am 
come to make thee understand what shall befall thy people 
in the latter days : for yet the vision is for many days. And 
when he had spoken such words unto me, I set my face toward 



DANIEL A TYPE OF CHRIST. 447 

the ground, and I became dumb. And behold, one like the 
similitude of the sons of men touched my lips : then I opened 
my mouth, and spake, and said unto him that stood before me, 

my Lord, by the vision my sorrows are turned upon me, 
and I have retained no strength. For how can the servant 
of this my lord talk with this my lord? for as for me, straight- 
way there remained no strength in me, neither is there breath 
left in me. Then there came again and touched me one 
like the appearance of a man, and he strengthened me, And 
said, man greatly beloved, fear not : peace be unto thee, 
be strong, yea, be strong. And when he had spoken unto me, 

1 was strengthened, and said, Let my lord speak ; for thou 
hast strengthened me. Then said he, Knowest thou where- 
fore I come unto thee? and now will I return to fight with 
the prince of Persia : and when I am gone forth, lo, the 
prince of Grecia shall come. But I will show thee that 
which is noted in the scripture of truth : and there is none 
that holdeth with me in these things, but Michael your 
prince. Dan. 10: 10—20. 

Substantive. Jesus answered and said unto him, If a man 
love me, he will keep my words : and my Eather will love him, 
and we will come unto him, and make our abode with him. 
He that loveth me not, keepeth not my sayings : and the word 
which ye hear is not mine, but the Father's which sent me. 
These things have I spoken unto you, being yet present with 
you. But the Comforter, which is the Holy Ghost, whom the 
Father will send in my name, he shall teach you all things, 
and bring all things to your remembrance, whatsoever I have 
said unto you. Peace I leave with you, my peace I give unto 
you : not as the world giveth, give I unto you. Let not your 
heart be troubled, neither let it be afraid. Ye have heard 
how I said unto you, I go away, and come again unto you. 
If ye loved me, ye would rejoice, because I said, I go unto 
the Father : for my Father is greater than I. And now I 
have told you before it come to pass, that when it is come to 
pass, ye might believe. Hereafter I will not talk much with 
you : for the prince of this world comcth, and hath nothing 
in me. But that the world may know that I love the Father ; 



448 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

and as the Father gave me commandment, even so I do. 
John 14: 23—31. 

The angel informs Daniel of the period of time, till the 
end of the world ; and some of the great events that shall 
transpire before, and at that awful event. He then bids Dan- 
iel go his way, for he shall rest until the first resurrection, 
and then stand in his lot at the end of the days ; and so ends 
the great drama of Daniel's vision — a mystery and woDder 
to the church and the world, and a subject matter of specula- 
tion, for the learned and the illiterate. In them, all have 
indulged the vagaries of imagination, without being able to 
establish any standard of truth. 

Emblems. Then I Daniel looked, and behold, there stood 
oilier two, the one on this side of the bank of the river, and 
the other on that side of the bank of the river. And one 
said to the man clothed in linen, which was upon the waters 
of the river, How long shall it be to the end of these won- 
ders ? And I heard the man clothed in linen, which was upon 
the waters of the river, when he held up his right hand and 
his left hand unto heaven, and sware by him that liveth for 
ever, that it shall be for a time, times, and an half; and when 
he shall have accomplished to scatter the power of the holy 
people, all these things shall be finished. And I heard, but I 
understood not : then said I, my Lord, what shall be the 
end of these things? And he said, Go thy way, Daniel : for 
the words are closed up and sealed till the time of the end. 
Many shall be purified, and made white, and tried ; but the 
wicked shall do wickedly : and none of the wicked shall un- 
derstand ; but the wise shall understand. And from the time 
that the daily sacrifice shall be taken away, and the abomi- 
nation that maketh desolate set up, there shall be a thousand 
two hundred and ninety days. Blessed is he that waiteth, 
and cometh to the thousand three hundred and five and thirty 
days. But go thou thy way till the end be : for thou shalt 
rest, and stand in thy lot at the end of the days. Dan. 12 : 5-13. 

Substantive. And I saw another mighty angel come down 
from heaven, clothed with a cloud : and a rainbow was upon 
his head, and his face was as it were the sun, and his feet as 






DANIEL A TYPE OF CHRIST. 449 

pillars of fire : And he had in his hand a little book open : 
and he set his right foot upon the sea, and his left foot on the 
earth, and cried with a loud voice, and when he cried, seven 
thunders uttered their voices. And when the seven thunders 
had uttered their voices, I was about to write : and I heard 
a voice from heaven saying unto me, Seal up those things 
which the seven thunders uttered, and write them not. And 
the angel which I saw stand upon the sea and upon the earth, 
lifted up his hand to heaven, and sware by him that liveth for 
ever and ever, and created heaven, and the things that therein 
are, and the earth, and the things that therein are, and the 
sea, and the things which are therein, that there should be time no 
longer : But in the days of the voice of the seventh angel, 
when he shall begin to sound, the mystery of God should be 
finished, as he hath declared to his servants the prophets. And 
the voice which I heard from heaven spake unto me again, and 
said, Go, and take the little book which is open in the hand 
of the angel which standeth upon the sea and upon the earth. 
And I went unto the angel, and said unto him, Give me the 
little book. And he said unto me, Take it, and eat it up ; 
and it shall make thy belly bitter, but it shall be in thy mouth 
sweet as honey. And I took the little book out of the angel's 
hand, and ate it up ; and it was in my mouth sweet as honey : 
and as soon as I had eaten it my belly was bitter. And he 
said unto me, Thou must prophesy again before many peoples, 
and nations, and tongues, and kings. Rev. 10 chap. 

It may still be necessary, for the satisfaction of some read- 
ers, to make a few additional remarks on the Son of God, and 
Son of man, on the connection in which these phrases stand 
in the prophecies of Daniel, that they may not be troubled as 
to the true import of those terms. 

In the third chapter of this Book, in the miraculous case 
of Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego, being cast, by the or- 
der of Nebucdadnezzar, into the burning fiery furnace, and 
preserved unhurt and unsinged by the flames ; we hear Nebu- 
chadnezzar asking, when he looked into the furnace, if there 
were not three men cast in, and being answered in the affirm- 
ative, he immediately replied that he saw four men, loose, 
29 



450 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

walking in the midst of the fire, and the form of the fourth 
was like the Son of God. This fourth form no doubt was an 
apparition, resembling the actual form of the Son of God, 
when he appeared in human flesh, but not the actual Son of 
God himself. And hence, the Spirit of Inspiration which 
spake through Nebuchadnezzar on this occasion, guards the 
expression by saying. The fourth person is like the Son of 
God, which clearly conveys the idea that he was not the Son 
himself, but like him. This event was 580 years before the Son 
was made of a woman, and begotten by the Holy Ghost, as has 
been abundantly proved in the preceding chapters of this 
work. 

Daniel says, in chapter tenth and sixteenth, in speaking of 
the vision which he saw. and by which he was told of the 
marvelous events that would occur to the end of time ; that 
one like the similitude of the sons of men touched his lips, and 
then he opened his mouth and spake ; this was also an appa- 
rition of the great Prophet, of which Daniel was but the type, 
and by virtue of whose atonement all wisdom and grace, wad 
from the beginning imparted to the human family ; to those 
who lived previous to his coming, in anticipation and faith in 
the promise ; and to those since his crucifiction, by virtue of 
the merit of his Atonement : as the pro-curative cause of every 
spiritual and temporal blessing, in time and eternity. 

We now take our leave of the prophet Daniel, as a type of 
Christ, — and with him, of the typical illustrations of the 
Compound, Executive. Trinity, in Redemption — the Father 
the Son, and the Holy Ghost. 

Daniel was of the royal family of David, and among the 
first captives which Nebuchadnezzar carried to Babylon, in 
the third year of the reign of Jehoiachim, king of Judah. 
He was very young when carried to Babylon, and being well 
favored in person, and of a sound mind and extraordinary 
gifts, was selected from among the captives, as a beneficiary 
of the king, and put under such a regimen, physically and 
mentally, as might qualify him for the honorable station to 
which he was assigned. A strict devotion to the religion of 
his fathers, constrained him to refuse the sumptuous fare as- 



DANIEL A TYPE OF CHRIST. 451 

signed him by the king, and he insisted on living on simple 
bread and pulse, upon which he grew and excelled in appear- 
ance all the high-fed vassals of the king's court. Being thus 
distinguished by nature, with a comely and captivating per- 
sonal appearance, and an extraordinary genius, the gift of In- 
spiration which was superadded to his other accomplishments, 
all combined to render him the most remarkable man of an- 
cient or modern times, and hence Daniel is ever found at the 
head of the different departments, in ecclesiastical and political 
preferment. His prophecies are not only grand and sublime 
in the highest degree, but plain and pointed ; and are placed 
in better logical and chronological order, perhaps, than any 
other of the prophets. For these commendable features in 
his prophecies, he is considered a key to unlock the meaning 
of much of the other prophecies, and harmonizes the various 
figures employed by different prophets, in pointing out the 
same events in the far distant future. 

One remarkable fact, peculiar to himself, is the revelation 
from the angel in his fourth and last vision — that the purpose 
of God was, that many of the events which he had revealed 
should not be known by the church nor the world, until the 
last period of the world — as the following declarations plainly 
indicate : But thou, Daniel, shut up the words, and seal the 
book, even to the time of the end ; many shall run to and fro, 
and knowledge shall be increased. ' And he said, Go thy 
way, Daniel : for the words are closed up and sealed till the 
time of the end.' 

As, then, the great drama of this world's affairs are draw- 
ing to a close, and the epoch of the Son of man coming in the 
clouds of heaven is approaching, additional light is reflected 
on the enigmatical visions with which Daniel and the other 
prophets were favored, and mystery after mystery is being- 
revealed by the light of Inspiration, and in the grand march 
of progress of the world and the church, it is believed the 
day is not far distant, when the grand purposes of God in 
Creation and Redemption will be accomplished ; and 'Jeru- 
salem shall go forth as brightness and salvation, as a lamp that 
burnetii,' when the gospel of the kingdom shall have been 



452 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

preached to all nations, and the Son of man shall descend in 
the clouds of glory, to gather his people home and deliver np 
the Mediatorial office to the Father, and when God shall be 
all in all. 

Historians tell us that Daniel died in Babylon, having re- 
fused to accept the offer of returning to the land of his fathers 
with his brethren, under the Cyrus decree. 

Daniel's position^ prominent in the galaxy of the saints of 
old, he shines as a star of the first magnitude upon the pages 
of Sacred Writ, and, as time advances, he will gather addi- 
tional splendor from the reflections of the innumerable multi- 
tude that throng and dazzle in the milky way. 

We feel thankful to God for the assistance of his Holy 
Spirit, in accommodating this hitherto mysterious subject to 
the capacities and understandings of all who will take the 
pains to read and digest the subject for themselves. And 
while each successive type which has been adduced, has added 
its additional evidence to the truth of the mode of exposition 
adopted ; and thus made it familiar to the understanding, and 
convincing to the judgment, the reader has besn delightfully 
entertained, his mind greatly enlightened, and his heart highly 
improved, by reading, digesting, and appropriating to himself 
the doctrines and promises which have thus been held up for 
contemplation before him. We will recapitulate the order of 
the work, and leave it with the Church and the World, as the 
best legacy of the Author, believing it will be instrumental, 
under God, of satisfying the minds of many thousands of en- 
quiring souls ; put to rest the doctrines of the glorious Trini- 
ties ; dispel the mists and darkness, which have enshrouded 
and bewildered the church and the world, on this hitherto 
mysterious subject ; remove a stumbling block which has ob- 
structed the path of thousands of enquiring souls ; and, above 
all, become the happy means, in the hand of God, of bringing 
many sons and daughters to glory. 



CONCLUDING REMARKS ON THE TRINITIES. 453 



RECAPITULATION. 

In the first place, we showed from Scripture authority — 
That God, before the Beginning, was a Unity. Secondly — 
That the terms Father, Word, and Holy Ghost, are correla- 
tive, and have reference to Time. Thirdly — That each of 
these terms embrace the idea of God, and hold distinctive re- 
lations in their operations ; and constitute, distinctively, and 
collectively, all the Attributes of Deity. Fourthly — That the 
Trinity in Redemption, is composed of the Father, the Son, 
and the Holy Ghost ; — that the middle Person in this Trinity 
of Redemption, is a Compound of Divinity and humanity, — 
that the humanity, was made of a woman by the power of the 
Holy Ghost, and hence called the Son of God ; in whom 
dwelt the fullness of the God-head bodily ; and through whom 
the great work of Redemption is accomplished. That the 
Son was born of the Virgin Mary, that he was perfect man, 
that he hungered, and thirsted ; that he was crucified, and 
actually died, and was raised to life by the power of the Holy 
Ghost, and ascended to heaven in a glorified state, and will 
come again, to judge the world in righteousness, at the 
last day. 

Fifthtly — We showed, that the Son is not eternal ^priori, 
or antecedently, but purely, and exclusively human; that the 
Divinity dwelling in the Son, constitutes the Christ, or, God- 
man ; that the man only, suffered and died, and arose from the 
dead ; that in the resurrection, the Divinity was again united 
to the humanity, never again to be separated; that thus Christ 
ascended, and sits upon the throne of his glory; and inter- 
cedes for the human family; and by virtue of the sacrifice of his 
humanity, the Father is reconciled to the sinner, who believes 
in the merit of the sacrifice; through which he has a right and 
title to, and the promise of eternal life. 

All this is amply illustrated in the types* of Christ, and 
Typical Trinities; in the carnal ordinances and temporal de- 
liverances, which have been brought to view in the preceding 



454 EECAPITULATION. 



part of this work. The sacrifice of Christ 1 s humanity, upon 
the cross upon Calvary, is the One, grand object to which 
they all point, and which they were specially designed to 
illustrate; and dull, indeed, must be the comprehension which 
in reading, has not discerned the Lord's body, and duly ap- 
preciated it. I have done what I could to make this subject 
plain to the reader, but without the enlightening influences of 
the Holy Spirit, all will still be darkness. I therefore pray 
God, as I hope the reader will, to reveal to his understandings 
and to his perfect satisfaction, as I trust he has to mine, the 
glorious mystery of this glorious subject, that while he reads 
lie may understand, and understanding he may appropriate 
to his own case and person, the riches of the blessings of the 
gospel of Christ, and become the heir of salvation, and the 
happy subject of joy unspeakable, and full of glory. 

And when this hand, is cold in death, 

And tongue to speak shall fail, 

May you and I enjoj that rest, 

For which the Lamb was slain. 



AN EXPOSITION OF BAPTISM. 



IP-AJR/T SEVENTH:. 

CHAPTER I. 

OF THE DOCTRINES OF BAPTISM. 

The subject matter of teaching which our Savior enjoined 
upon his disciples when he left them, is abundantly set forth 
in the illustrations of the doctrines of the Trinities, and there- 
fore need not be repeated, more than to say: That they em- 
brace all private, social, relative, and religious duties; also, 
the doctrines of Creation and Providence. Having taught 
his disciples whatever was necessary to know in the manifold 
conditions of life, he also set them an example for their imi- 
tation; an example high and elevated in moral character, and 
full of pious devotion ; so that his whole life was a reflector 
of the moral and religious teachings of his many and varied 
discourses, upon the vast variety of subjects and occasions 
which called them forth. 

Nothing in the study of the Sacred Scriptures strikes the 
mind more forcibly, and impresses us with a sense of their 
Divine Inspiration with more solemnity and admiration, than 
the fact of their peculiar adaptation, to the countless thou- 
sands of individual cases ; every possible shade of condition 
and character of each case, and the certain effect of promo- 
ting the temporal, social, moral, intellectual, and religious 
interests of each and of all. Well may we bow with reverence 
and devotion to a volume whose doctrines and teachings are 
a directory to our feet, in the pathway of life, through a wil- 
derness of doubts and uncertainties to unassisted reason, and 



456 OF THE UOCTRINES OF BAPTISM. 

which points, with unerring certainty, to that Canaan of rest 
for every way faring and weary pilgrim. 

In the belief of the doctrines of the Father, the Son, and 
of the Holy Ghost, as also of the divine authenticity of all 
the doctrines which our Savior taught, were the disciples of 
our Lord commanded to Baptize. 

Baptism, therefore, is the application of water to a person, 
as a sacrament or religious ceremony, by which lie takes upon 
him, and publicly acknowledges his faith in Christ; and is 
thus initiated into the visible Church of Christ, and by virtue 
of which he is entitled to all the privileges and benefits thereof. 
This Sacrament, thus administered, by a legally constituted 
minister, is a valid Christian Baptism. 

Much has been said, concerning the different modes of ad- 
ministering the sacrament enjoined by our Savior; and still 
the question is unsettled in the churches. Some scriptural 
examples, therefore, may be necessary to give the reader a 
clear understanding of the subject. 

In marking with strict attention, the circumstances accom- 
panying the different cases of baptism given in the Sacred 
Scriptures, we may satisfy ourselves as to the authority for 
one or more of the different modes adopted by the different 
branches of what are denominated the orthodox churches of 
Christendom. 

First, then, let us ascertain from the Scriptures, the author- 
ity for immersion, as one of the popular modes of administer- 
ing Baptism. 

And Jesus, when he was baptized, went up straightway out 
of the water; and lo, the heavens were opened unto him, and 
he saw the Spirit of God descending like a dove, and light- 
ing upon him: And lo, a voice from heaven, saying, This is 
my beloved Son, in whom I am well pleased. Matt. 3:16, 17. 
And it came to pass in those days, that Jesus came from Naz- 
areth of Galilee, and was baptized of John in Jordan. And 
straightway coming up out of the water, he saw the heavens 
opened, and the Spirit like a dove descending upon him. 
And there came a voice from heaven, saying, Thou art my 
beloved Son, in whom I am well pleased. Mark 1: 9 — 11. 



OF THE DOCTRINES OF BAPTISM. 457 

Know ye not that so many of us as were baptized into Je- 
sus Christ, were baptized into his death? Therefore we are 
buried with him by baptism unto death: that like as Christ 
was raised up from the dead by the glory of the Father, even 
so we also should walk in newness of life. For if we have 
been planted together in the likeness of his death, we shall 
be also in the likeness of his resurrection: Knowing this, that 
our old man is crucified with him, that the body of sin might 
be destroyed, that henceforth we should not serve sin. Rom. 
6: 3—6. 

Buried with him in baptism, wherein also ye are risen with 
him through the faith of the operation of God, who hath 
raised him from the dead. And you, being dead in your sins 
and the uncircnmcision of your flesh, hath he quickened to- 
gether with him, having forgiven you all trespasses. Col. 2: 
12,13. If ye then be risen with Christ, seek those things 
which are above, where Christ sitteth on the right hand of 
God. Rom. 3: 1. 

Then Philip opened his mouth, and began at the same scrip- 
ture, and preached unto him Jesus. And as they went on 
their way, they came unto a certain water: and the eunuch 
said, See, here is water; what doth hinder me to be baptized? 
And Philip said, If thou believest with all thine heart, thou 
mayest. And he answered and said, I believe that Jesus 
Christ is the Son of God. And he commanded the chariot 
to stand still; and they went down both into the water, both 
Philip and the eunuch; and he baptized him. And when 
they were come up out of the water, the Spirit of the Lord 
caught away Philip, that the eunuch saw him no more: and 
he went on his way rejoicing. Acts 8: 35 — 40. 

In all the above passages, it is evident that immersion was 
the mode of Baptizing. 



458 OF THE DOCTRINES OF BAPTISM. 



CHAPTER II. 

OF THE SCRIPTURAL AUTHORITY FOR ADMINISTERING BAPTISM 
BY POURING OR SPRINKLING. 

Let us next consider the scriptural authority for adminis- 
tering the Sacrament of Baptism, by pouring of water upon 
the subjects, in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and 
of the Holy Ghost, by a legally authorized minister. And 
we will first take the case of the jailor and his household, by 
the Apostle Paul at Phillippi. 

And at midnight Paul and Silas prayed, and sang praises 
unto God; and the prisoners heard them. And suddenly 
there was a great earthquake, so that the foundations of the pri- 
son were shaken; and immediately all the doors were open- 
ed, and every one's bands were loosed. And the keeper of the 
prison awaking out of his sleep, and seeing the prison-doors 
open, he drew out his sword, and would have killed himself, 
supposing the prisoners had been fled. But Paul cried with a 
loud voice, saying, Do thyself no harm; for we are all here. 
Then he called for a light, and sprang in, and came trembling, 
and fell down before Paul and Silas : And brought them out, 
and said, Sirs, what must I do to be saved? And they said, 
Believe on the Lord Jesus Christ, and thou shalt be saved, 
and thy house. And they spake unto him the Word of the 
Lord, and to all that were in his house. And he took them 
the same hour of the night, and washed their stripes; and was 
baptized, he and all his, straightway. And when he had 
brought them into his house, he set meat before them, and re- 
joiced, believing in God with all his house. And when it 
was day, the magistrates sent the sergeants, saying, Let those 
men go. And the keeper of the prison told this saying to 
Paul, The magistrates have sent to let you go: now therefore 
depart, and go in peace. Bat Paul said unto them, They 
have beaten us openly uncondemned, being Romans, and have 



OF THE DOCTRINES OF BAPTISM. 459 

cast us into prison; and now do they thrust us out privily? 
nay verily; but let them come themselves and fetch us out. 
And the sergeants told these words unto the magistrates: and 
they feared when they heard that they were Romans. And 
they came and besought them, and brought them out, and de- 
sired them to depart out of the city. And they went out of 
the prison, and entered into the house of Lydia: and when 
they had seen the brethren, they comforted them, and depart- 
ed. Acts 16: 25—40. 

In the above history of the case of imprisonment and bap- 
tism, the circumstances are all against the presumption of the 
mode of immersion, and in favor of pouring, or sprinkling; 
for we remark that the circumstances commenced about mid- 
night; that it was the first time the sacrament of baptism was 
ever administered at that place: therefore it is impossible to 
suppose that any arrangements had been made or thought of 
for the purpose of immersion, or any other mode; that after 
the sacrament was performed, the Magistrates sent to the 
Jailor to let the apostles go; and they refused to go out of 
the prison, until the Magistrates came themselves and brought 
them out; the sacrament therefore, must have been perform- 
ed in the prison house, either by pouring or sprinkling water 
on the subjects. It is also declared, that the Jailor believed, 
with all his house, and hence none were baptized in this case 
but adult believers. 

Another case of strong probability, if not certainty, of bap- 
tism being administered, either by pouring or sprinkling, is 
found on the day of Pentecost, where three thousand believed, 
and were baptized the same day, and probably in a few hours. 

And when the day of Pentecost was fully come, they were 
all with one accord in one place. And suddenly there came 
a sound from heaven, as of a rushing mighty wind, and it fill- 
ed all the house where they were sitting. And there appear- 
ed unto' them cloven tongues like as of fire, and it sat upon 
each of them. And they were all filled with the Holy Ghost, 
and began to speak with other tongues, as the Spirit gave 
them utterance. And there were dwelling at Jerusalem 
Jews, devout men, out of every nation under heaven. Now 



460 OF THE DOCTRINES OF BAPTISM. 

when this was noised abroad, the multitude came together, 
and were confounded, because that every man heard them 
speak in his own language. And they were all amazed, and 
marvelled, saying one to another, Behold, are not all these 
which speak, Gallileans? And how hear we every man in 
our own tongue, wherein we were born? Parthians, and 
Medes, and Elamites, and the dwellers in Mesopotamia, and 
in Judea, and Cappadocia, in Pontus and Asia. Phrygia, and 
Pamphylia, in Egypt, and in the parts of Libya about Cyrene, 
and strangers of Rome, Jews and proselytes, Cretes and Ara- 
bians, we do hear them speak in our tongues the wonderful 
works of God. And they were all amazed, and were in 
doubt, saying one to another, What meaneth this? Others 
mocking said, These men are full of new wine. But Peter, 
standing up with the eleven, lifted up his voice, and said unto 
them, Ye men of Judea, and all ye that dwell in Jerusalem, 
be this known unto you, and hearken to my words: for these 
are not drunken, as ye suppose, seeing it is but the third hour 
of the day. But this is that which was spoken by the proph- 
et Joel, 'And it shall come to pass in the last days, Saith God, 
I will pour out my Spirit upon all flesh: and your sons and 
your daughters shall prophesy, and your young men shall see 
visions, and your old men shall dream dreams: And on my 
servants, and on my hand-maidens, I will pour out in those 
days of my Spirit; and they shall prophesy: And I will shew 
wonders in heaven above, and signs in the earth beneath; 
blood, and fire, and vapor of smoke. The sun shall be turn- 
ed into darkness, and the moon into blood, before that great 
and notable day of the Lord come. And it shall come to 
pass, that whosoever shall call on the name of the Lord, shall 
be saved. Ye men of Israel, hear these words; Jesus of Naz- 
areth, a man approved of God among you by miracles, and 
wonders, and signs, which God did by him in the midst of 
you, as ye yourselves also know: Him, being delivered by the 
determinate counsel and foreknowledge of God, ye have ta- 
ken, and by wicked hands have crucified and slain: Whom 
God hath raised up, having loosed the pains of death; because 
it is not possible that he should be holden of it. For David 



OF THE DOCTRINES OP BAPTISM. 461 

speaketh concerning him, I foresaw the Lord always before 
my face; for he is on my right hand, that I should not be 
moved: Therefore did my heart rejoice, and my tongue wa9 
glad; moreover also, my flesh shall rest in hope: Because thou 
wilt not leave my soul in hell, (hades) neither wilt thou suffer 
thine Holy One to see corruption. Thou hast made known 
to me the ways of life; thou shalt make me full of joy with 
thy countenance. Men and brethren, let me freely speak unto 
you of the patriarch David, that he is both dead and buried, 
and his sepulchre is with us unto this day. Therefore being 
a prophet, and knowing that God had sworn with an oath to 
him, that of the fruit of his loins, according to the flesh, he 
would raise up Christ to sit on his throne: He seeing this 
before, spake of the resurrection of Christ, that his soul was 
not left in hell, (hades) neither his flesh did see corruption. 
This Jesus God hath raised up, whereof we all are witnesses. 
Therefore being by the right hand of God exalted, and hav- 
ing received of the Father the promise of the Holy Ghost, he 
hath shed forth this, which ye now see and near. For David 
is not ascended into the heavens, but he saith himself, The 
Lord said unto my Lord, Sit thou on my right hand, Until I 
make thy foes thy footstool. Therefore let all the house of 
Israel know assuredly, that God hath made that same Jesus 
whom ye have crucified, both Lord and Christ. Now when 
they had heard this, shey were pricked in the heart, and said 
unto Peter and to the rest of the apostles, Men and brethren, 
what shall we do? Then Peter said unto them, Repent, and 
be baptized every one of you in the name of Jesus Christ, for 
the remission of sins, and ye shall receive the gift of the Holy 
Ghost. For the promise is unto you, and to your children, 
and to all that are afar off, even as many as the Lord our God 
shall call. And with many other words did he testify and 
exhort, saying, Save yourselves from this untoward genera- 
tion. Then they that gladly received his word, were bap- 
tized: and the same day there were added unto them about 
three thousand souls. Acts 2: 1 — 41. 

The strong presumption in this case of baptism is, that 
those three thousand souls who were baptized by the apostles 



462 OF THE DOCTRINES OP BAPTISM. 

on the day of Pentecost were not baptized by immersion, but 
by pouring or sprinkling of water upon them. 1. Because it 
is not probable nor scarcely admissible, that this vast number 
of people should have left the Temple where they were assem- 
bled, and have gone off to a water course, or that they should 
have provided any other means of administering the sacra- 
ment, except pouring or sprinkling of water upon them. 2. 
It is scarcely possible that this vast number could have been 
baptized by the twelve apostles by immersion, had all things 
been in a state of readiness beforehand. 3. It is not pre- 
sumable that the apostles would have left the sanctuary of 
God, which was justly esteemed the most holy of all earthly 
habitations, and have gone to the woods or open fields, to per- 
form one of the most sacred rites of the Christian Church. 
And 4. As the apostle Peter in his sermon upon that occa- 
sion spoke specially of the pouring out of God's Spirit, which 
was so evidently manifested before them: its miraculous re- 
sults, and the very thing signified by the water in baptism, all 
add their testimony to the fact, that the mode of pouring was 
that adopted upon this ever memorable and extraordinary 
occasion. 



CHAPTER III. 

OP THE ADMINISTERING OF BAPTISM BY SPRINKLING. 

Let us now notice a few cases of scripture authority for 
administering the sacrament of baptism by the mode of sprink- 
ling. 

Moreover, brethren, I would not that ye should be igno- 
rant how that all our fathers were under the cloud, and all 
passed through the sea: And were all baptized unto Moses in 
the chad and in the sea; And did all eat the same spiritual 



OF THE DOCTRINES OF BAPTISM. 4G3 

meat; And did all drink the same spiritual drink; (For they 
drank of that spiritual Rock that followed them; and that 
Rock was Christ.) But with many of them God was not 
well pleased: for they were overthrown in the wilderness. 
Now these things were our examples, to the intent we should 
not lust after evil things, as they also lusted. Neither be ye 
idolaters, as were some of them: as it is written, The people 
sat down to cat and drink, and rose up to play. Neither let 
us commit fornication, as some of them committed, and fell in 
one day three and twenty thousand. Neither let us tempt 
Christ, as some of them also tempted, and were destroyed of 
serpents. Neither murmur ye, as some of them also murmur- 
ed, and were destroyed of the destroyer. Now all these 
things happened unto them for ensamples: and they are writ- 
ten for our admonition, upon whom the ends of the world are 
come. Wherefore let him that thinketh he standeth, take 
heed lest he fall. 1 Cor. 10: 1—12. 

None will deny that the Jewish economy, in all its parts, 
was typical, first, of the Christian economy and Dispensation; 
and secondly, of the kingdom of heaven: expressly declared 
so to be by the divinely inspired apostle in the above quota- 
tion. 

The baptism, then, which the hosts of Israel received, in 
passing through the sea, was a type both in its meaning, and 
mode, of the working and regeneration of the Holy Ghost, of 
which, water, in christian baptism, is the symbol. How then, 
and to whom, was this baptism spoken of by the apostle, ad- 
ministered ? 

And the angel of God which went before the camp of Is- 
rael, removed and went behind them; and the pillar of the 
cloud went from before their face, and stood behind them: 
And it came between the camp of the Egyptians and the 
camp of Israel; and it was a cloud and darkness to them, but 
it gave light by night to these: so that the one came not near 
the other all the night. And Moses stretched out his hand 
over the sea; and the Lord caused the sea to go back by a 
strong east wind all that night, and made the sea dry land, 
and the waters were divided. And the children of Israel 



464 OF THE DOCTRINES OF BAPTISE. 

went into the midst of the sea upon the dry ground: and the 
waters were a wall unto them on their right hand, and on 
their left. And the Egyptians pursued, and went in after 
them, to the midst of the sea, even all Pharaoh's horses, his 
chariots, and his horsemen. And it came to pass, that in the 
morning-watch the Lord looked unto the host of the Egyp- 
tians through the pillar of fire and of the cloud, and troubled 
the host of the Egyptians. And took off their chariot- wheels, 
that they drave them heavily: so that the Egyptians said, Let 
us flee from the face of Israel: for the Lord nghtetk for them 
against the Egyptians. And Moses stretched forth his hand 
over the sea, and the sea returned to his strength when the 
morning appeared: and the Egyptians fled against it: and the 
Lord overthrew the Egyptians in the midst of the sea. And 
the waters returned, and covered the chariots, and the horse- 
men, and all the host of Pharaoh that came into the sea after 
them: there remained not so much as one of them. But the 
children of Israel walked upon dry land in the midst of the 
sea; and the waters were a wall unto them on the right hand 
and on the left. Thus the Lord saved Israel that day out of 
the hand of the Egyptians: and Israel saw the Egyptians 
dead upon the sea-shore. And Israel saw that great work 
which the Lord did upon the Egyptians: and the people fear- 
ed the Lord, and believed the Lord, and his servant Moses. 
Ex. 14: 19—31. 

In the above history of the miraculous and wonderful event 
of the passage of Israel over the Red sea, we remark, first. 
That they all passed over on dry ground, and dry shod; and 
yet the apostle says, 'They were all baptized, unto Moses, in 
the cloud and in the sea," hence they could not have been im- 
mersed ; and consequently must have received the water by 
aspersion, or sprinkling. \Ye remark, Secondly, That all ages 
and classes were baptized : and that the adults 'believed 
in the Lord.' Hence the rational and scriptural inference is, 
that as this was a type of Christian Baptism, and these the 
proper subjects of typical Christian Baptism; that all true 
believers in Christ are proper subjects of Christian Baptism, 
and also their children. And, Thirdly, That as the water 



OF THE DOCTRINES OF BAPTISM. 465 

in baptism symbolizes the Holy Ghost, in his cleansing, com- 
forting, enlightening, and happifying influences; so Israel re- 
joiced in their deliverance from their enemies the Egyptians; 
in the'wjaith in God, and the Power of the Holy Ghost, in 
effecting their deliverance and the destruction of their ene- 
mies. 

Again, Ezekiel in prophetic vision, speaking of the resto- 
ration of backsliding Israel to their ancient inheritance; the 
call of the Gentiles to the blessings of the gospel, and of the 
latter day glory, uses the term sprinkle, as a fit symbol of the 
power and cleansing influences of the Spirit of God, in effect- 
ing this great work. 

For I will take you from among the heathen, and gather 
you out of all countries, and bring you into your own land. 
Then will I sprinkle clean water upon you, and ye shall be 
clean; from all your filthiness, and from all your idols will I 
cleanse you. A new heart also will I give you, and a new 
Spirit will I put within you; and I will take away the stony 
heart out of your flesh, and I will give you an heart of flesh. 
And I will put my Spirit within yon, and cause you to walk 
in my statutes, and ye shall keep my judgments, and do them. 
And ye shall dwell in the land that I gave to your fathers; 
and ye shall be my people, and I will be your God. Ezekiel 
36: 24—28. 

It certainly cannot be denied that the above 'sprinkling with 
clean water' means Baptism, and the regenerating influences 
of the Holy Ghost, symbolized thereby. 

Yet again, But Christ being come an high priest of good 
things to come, by a greater and more perfect tabernacle, not 
made with hands, that is to say, not of this building: Neither 
by the blood of goats and calves, but by his own blood, be 
entered in once into the holy place, having obtained eternal 
redemption for us. For if the blood of bulls, and of goats, 
and the ashes of an heifer sprinkling the unclean, sanctifieth 
to the purifying of the flesh: How much more shall the blood 
of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered himself with- 
out spot to God, purge your conscience from dead works to 
serve the living God? And for this cause he is the mediator 
30 



466 OF THE DOCTRINES OF BAPTISM. 

of the new testament, that by means of death, for the redemp- 
tion of the transgressions that were under the first testament, 
they which are called might receive the promise of enternal 
inheritance. Heb. 9: 11 — 15. 

More cases might be produced in confirmation of the fact, 
That water applied to a proper subject, by a proper minister, 
in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy 
Ghost, whether it is done by immersion, by pouring, or by 
sprinkling, is a scriptural, and consequently, a legally author- 
ized Baptism. 

Seeing, then, as we have in our investigations of this im- 
portant Sacrament of the Christian Church, so much and such 
clear and indisputable authority for each of the three modes 
of administering the Sacrament, I have often wondered at 
the disputations of critics, in favor of one of the three modes 
to the exclusion of the others. Though volumes have been 
written on the subject; ingenuity tortured; tallent and piety 
brought to bear; and whole libraries upturned, and culled for 
evidence and argument, I humbly conceive the few remarks 
above are sufficient for the unsophisticated reader's mind; and 
so much disputation and accrimony as has been employed, os- 
tensibly, to clear up the subject, has rather had the tendency 
to confuse the mind, sour the feelings, and wider to separate 
the parties concerned. 

It may be expected that something be said on the declara- 
tion of St. John, which has reference to the subject of Bap- 
tism. 'And there are three that bear witness in earth, the 
Spirit, and the water, and the blood, and these three agree 
in one.' John 15: 8. 

The above seems to have been intended by the apostle, as a 
figurative counterpart Trinity on earth to the Spiritual Trin- 
ity in heaven, The Father, the Word, and the Holy Ghost. 

The Spirit, who stands at the head of this symbolical Trin- 
ity, represents the Father, the water symbolizes the Holy 
Ghost, and the blood symbolizes the Son, whose blood was shed 
for the ransome of the human family. Thus this symbolic 
Trinity, declared by the apostle John to agree on earth in 
One, symbolizes the Father, the Son, and the Holy Ghost. 



THE EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES, 

COMPARED AND CONTRASTED 

WITH THE CREEDS OF OTHER CHURCHES. 

jpj^Tirr EIGHTH. 
CHAPTER I. 

THE EXPOSITION OP THE TRINITIES, COMPARED AND CONTRASTED 
WITH THE CREED OF THE EPISCOPAL CHURCH. 

The doctrines contained in the preceding exposition of the 
Trinities are conceived to be the true doctrines of the scrip- 
tures on that subject, as well as of all the cardinal doctrines 
of Christianity. Let us see then how they agree with the 
Creed of the Episcopal Church in the United States of 
America. 

We advertise the reader that our criticisms on this and the 
other Branches of Orthodox Churches will be made in a 
friendly spirit; for I have determined that this Work shall 
not be marred by a single unkind reflection on any individual, 
or individual Church. Our object is to expose error and 
elicit truth, and not to excite feeling by unnecessary animad- 
version. 

Let all who read ever bear in mind this important truth, — 
That a knowledge of the truth, will allways be profitable; 
whereas error is always injurious. 'Then Said Jesus to those 
Jews which believed on him, If ye continue in my Word, 
then are ye my disciples indeed; And ye shall know the truths 
and the truth, shall make you free. 1 

I acknowledge myself indebted to all the churches for in- 
struction and spiritual improvement, and 1 should consider it 
not only unchristian, but suicidal, to inveigh accrimoniously 



468 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES, 

against any Christian organization for the inculcation and 
propagation of the gospel of Christ. 

The doctrine of the Trinities has been confessedly a myste- 
rious one, by all the churches in Christendom, from the days 
of the Apostles to the present time; and the manner of set- 
ting forth [this doctrine in the Creeds and Confessions of 
Faith, has added mystery to mystery; beclouded and bewil- 
dered the minds of good people and honest inquirers after 
truth, and has been a stumbling block in the path of the world 
and the march of the Church for eighteen hundred years. 

If then I have made this hitherto mysterious subject intel- 
ligible and satisfactory to the common understanding of all 
men, it is not egotism to say, in the language of the Apostle, 
to the Athenians, 'Whom therefore ye ignorantly worship, 
him, declare I unto you. 

As the errors of the respective creeds of the churches have 
been distinctly shown in the preceding part of this Work, by 
implication, we will not recapitulate the arguments and scrip- 
tures adduced in proof of this fact, but refer the reader to 
those chapters where the subject of the Trinities is defined 
and proved, in comparing and contrasting which with said 
Creeds and Confessions of Faith, the errors will clearly appear. 

The first error we notice in the Episcopal Church Creed, 
or formula of worship, is found on the 27th page of the Com- 
mon Prayer Book, in these words, to wit, 'He (the Son) de- 
scended into hell. 7 This, considered laterally, is certainly 
false. It sounds not only uncouth and harsh upon the ear of 
a congregation, put is actually disgusting; and however the 
drilled members of the Episcopal Church may understand it, 
a portion of the congregation understand it laterally, and arc 
shocked at the idea. It should therefore be rendered accord- 
ing to the true meaning of the words, 'He descended into 
hades, or the place of departed spirits. 7 The Church is the place 
for instruction, and not to mislead. 

The next error we detect in this Creed, is on page 27 
of the Common Prayer Book, in these words, 'The Son 
was begotten of his Father before all worlds; God of God; 
Light of Light; very God of very God. Begotten, not 



COMPARED AND CONTRASTED, AC. 469 

made; being of one substance with the Father; by whom 
all things were made.' A grosser error than the above 
never was propagated: the Koran of Mahomet; the absurd- 
ities of Mormonism, and every other ism, in the range of 
pretended Christianity pales before it. To assert in the 
face of the world that the God of God, was born of the 
virgin Mary; that God suffered, and died, and that God rose 
from the dead, (for the creed acknowledges that the Son was 
born, &c.,) it so contradictory to the scriptures of truth on 
the subject and to common sense, as to induce the belief that 
such absurdities and profanities must have come from beneath. 
For a complete refutation of such gross impositions upon the 
Church and the world, see chapters 1 and 11, of the first Part 
of this Work. The next error in this Creed, which we shall 
notice, is on the same page, in these words, 'And I believe 
in the Holy Ghost, the Lord and giver of life who proceeded 
from the Father, and the Son.' The error in this sentence is, 
that the Holy Ghostf is made to proceed from the Son, in com- 
mon with the Father, whereas the Evangelist declares that 
the Son was the Creation, or begotten of the Holy Ghost, in 
the womb of the virgin Mary. 'The Holy Ghost shall come 
upon thee, and the Power of the Highest shall overshadow 
thee: therefore also that holy thing which shall be born of thee, 
shall be called the Son of God. ; The inspired apostle affirms 
that the Son was made of a woman. 'But when the fulness of 
the time was come, God sent forth his Son, made of a woman, 
made under the law, To redeem them that were under the 
law, that we might receive the adoption of sons.' The Holy 
Ghost then proceeded from the Father, and was the Power 
of the Father which created the Son, and by virtue of the 
Atonement made by the Son, by the sacrifice of his human 
body upon the cross, the Holy Ghost, comes to the Church 
and to the world. See this doctrine abundantly explained 
and proved in chapter 11, of the First Part of this Work. 

On the 369th page of the same Book, on the Articles of 
Religion, we find the following words, to-wit: 'The Son, which 
is the Word of the Father, the very and Eternal God, and of 
one substance with the Father, took man's nature in the womb 



470 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES, 

of the blessed virgin, of her substance, so that two whole and 
perfect natures, that is to say, the Godhead and manhood, 
were joined together in one Person, never to be divided, whereof 
is one Christ, very God and very man, who truly suffered, was 
crucified, dead and buried, to reconcile the Father to us, and 
to be a sacrifice, not only for original guilt, but also for actual 
transgression.' 

It is difficult to conceive how words could be framed more 
contradictory to the Sacred Scriptures, and to common sense, 
than the above. 

The Article sets out with the false declaration — That the 
Son is the Word of the Father, and the very and Eternal God; 
whereas, the Scriptures affirm that the Son is the organ of the 
Word, and the begotten and sent of the Father. Moses says: 
1 The Lord thy God will raise up unto thee a Prophet, from 
the midst of thee, of thy brethren, like unto me, unto him ye 
shall hearken.' 

And the Apostle says: ' God who at sundry times and di- 
vers manners Spake, in time past, unto the fathers, by the 
prophets, Hath in these last days, Spoken unto us by his Son, 
And the Son, himself, Saith: ' My Father is greater than I.' 

To make insurance doubly sure, this Article of the Episco- 
pal Church Faith declares, that the Son, who was the Eternal 
God took upon him (the Son) in the womb of the virgin Mary, 
human nature, (which was the Son,) and that these two Son?, 
were never to be separated; but that the Eternal Son, who 
was God the Father, united to the human Son, who was the 
Son of God, suffered^ was crucified, died, and the Eternal Son, 
and the human Son, both dead and buried, raised themselves 
by the power of the Eternal Son, who was dead, and thus as- 
cended to heaven. 

According to this, then, there was a time of three days and 
nights since the Creation, when there was neither God the 
Father, God the Son, nor God the Holy Ghost, living, but all 
dead, and buried: and then by some magic power which is not 
denned, these three Persons in One God inseparrbly united, in 
death, as in life, raised themselves from the dead, and ascended 
to heaven. Whether Satan or some archangel ruled the uui- 



COMPARED AND CONTRATED, &C. 471 

verse during this interim of Godless power and gross dark- 
ness, we are not told ; but such an anomalous absurdity is 
declared to the Church and the world for the truth ! ' 
shame, where is thy blush V 

The following part of this second Article of Religion of the 
Episcopal Church is a compound of truth and error, for a full 
and ample explanation of which, see as before. 

The fourth Article of Faith, on the same page reads thus: 
1 Christ did truly rise again from death, and took again his 
body, with flesh and bones, and all things appertaining to the 
perfection of man's nature, wherewith he ascended to heaven, 
and there sitteth until he return to judge all men at the last 
day.' 

According to this, then, Christ, one of whose natures, ac- 
cording to the preceding Article, was the Godhead, arose 
from death, and took again his body of flesh and bones. Here 
we are told again, by the authority of an old and respectable 
Church, — That the Godhead died, and that the Godhead never 
to be separated from man's nature, rose again from the dead: 
whereas, the Apostle says: 'Ye men of Israel, hear these 
words: Jesus of Nazareth, a man approved of God among 
you by miracles and wonders, and signs, which God did by 
him, in the midst of you, as ye yourselves also know; Him be- 
ing delivered by tbe determinate counsel and foreknowledge 
of God, ye have taken and by wicked hands have crucified and 
slain; whom God hath raised up — whereof we are all wit- 
nesses. Therefore being by the right hand of God exalted, 
and havifg received of the Father, the promise of the Holy 
Ghost, he hath shed forth this which ye now see and hear. 
For David is not ascended into heaven, but he saith himself; 
The Lord said unto my Lord, Sit thou on my right hand, till 
I make thy foes thy footstool. Therefore let all the house of 
Israel know assuredly, that God hath made that same Jesus, 
whom ye have crucified, both Lord and Christ.' 

In the face of all this, (and this is but a small part of the 
evidence against it,) the Articles of Faith in the Episcopal 
Church Creed declare that the manhood or Son, joined to the 
Godhead, was the very and Eternal God, and of one sub- 



472 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES, 

stance with the Father, That the Godhead was begotten, born, 
suffered, died, and was buried, went down to hell, and in Article 
fourth, this same Godhead, still united with the man, did rise 
again from the dead, and ascended to heaven and sitteth on 
the right hand of the Father until he return to judge all men 
at the last day. According to this Creed then, the two na- 
tures, the Godhead and the manhood, were alike Eternal, were 
born together, suffered together, died together, arose from the 
dead, together, and sit together at the right hand of the 
Father. 

Such are the absurdities and inconsistencies of error, and 
such have been the stumbling blocks in the march of the 
Church to her destined glory on Zion's holy hill. It is hoped 
that in the march of improvement of the Church and the 
world, this ignorance which God has hitherto winked at, will 
be dispelled by the rising higher and higher of the Son of 
Righteousness, and with healing in his wings, and light in his 
eyes, the health of the daughter of his people will be recover- 
ed, and the light shine brighter and brighter unto the perfect 
day. It is not the Son in the Son, whem united constitute 
the Christ; but the Father, in the Son. The Son is the hu- 
man nature of the Christ. That which is human nature can- 
not be Eternal: but the Son, is the human nature of the 
Christ, and therefore cannot be Eternal. 

The doctrine of unconditional election and reprobation 
being held by the Episcopal Church, we shall give it a pass- 
ing notice as at utter variance with the Christian Creed as 
given by Christ himself, his Prophets, Evangelists, and 
Apostles. 

'OF PREDESTINATION AND ELECTION.' 

The above is the heading of the Seventeenth Article of 
Religion in the Common Prayer Book of the Episcopal 
Church, in the United States of America; and the article 
sets out thus : ' Predestination to Life, is the everlasting pur- 
pose of God, whereby (before the foundations of the world 
were laid) he hath constantly decreed by his counsel, secret to 
us, to deliver from curse and damnation, those whom he hath 



COMPARED AND CONTRASTED, &C. 473 

chosen in Christ, out of mankind, and to bring them by 
Christ, to everlasting salvation, as vessels made to honor. 
Wherefore they which be endued with so excellent a benefit 
of God, be called according to God's purpose, by his Spirit 
working in due season : they through grace obey the calling; 
they be Justified freely; they be made like the image of his 
only begotten Son Jesus Christ ; they walk religiously in good 
works, and at length by God's mercy they attain to everlast- 
ing felicity.' 

The above is a part of the Seventeenth Article of Eeligion 
of the Episcopal Church: and the remainder of the same Arti- 
cle is like unto it. 

The forgers of this rare specimen of Theology had hon- 
esty enough to say that the 'counsel' of God they thus speak 
of is secret to us, and therefore they do not tell us where to 
find it. Of course we are at liberty to deny it, which we do 
in the most positive terms. 

To refute this unfounded and impious declaration we shall 
place in juxtaposition some entirely opposite declarations 
which are not secret, but have stood upon open and public re- 
cord from eighteen hundred to near six thousand years. The 
Church of Christ, and the world, then, will judge of the 
credibility which should attach to the respective parties. 

Moses. For the Lord your God is God of gods, and Lord 
of lords, a great God, a mighty, and a terrible, which regard- 
eth not persons, nor taketh reward. Dcut. 10: 17. Where- 
fore now let the fear of the Lord be upon you: take heed 
and do it: for there is no iniquity with the Lord our God, 
nor respect of persons nor taking of gifts. 2 Chron. 29: 7. 
Is it fit to say to a king, Thou art wicked ? and to princes, 
Ye are ungodly? How much less to him that acceptcth not 
the persons, of princes, nor regardeth the rich more than the 
poor? for they all are the work of his hands. 
Then Peter opened his mouth, and said, Of a truth I perceive 
that God is no respecter of persons: But in every nation, he 
that feareth him and worketh righteousness, is accepted with 
him. Acts 10: 34, 35. But glory, honor, r.nd peace, to every 
man that worketh good; to the Jew first, and also to the Gentile; 



474 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

For there is no respect of persons with God. For as many as 
have sinned without law, shall also perish without law: and 
as many as have sinned in the law, shall be judged by the 
law. Rom. 2: 10 — 12. But of those, who seemed to be 
somewhat, whatsoever they were, it maketh no matter to me: 
God accepteth no mavUs person: for they who seemed to be 
somewhat, in conference added nothing to me. Gal. 2: 6. 
And, ye masters, do the same things unto them, forbearing 
threatening: knowing that your master also is in heaven; 
neither is there respect of persons with him. Eph. 6: 9. 

But he that doeth wrong, shall receive for the wrong which 
he hath done: and there is no respect of persons. Col. 3: 25. 
And if ye call on the Father, who without respect of persons 
judgeth according to every man's work, pass the time of your 
sojourning here in fear. 1 Peter 1: 17. 

Thus we see that Scripture testimony is altogether against 
the doctrine of Predestination, as held and set forth by the 
Episcopal Church. It has been argued by the advocates of 
this doctrine, that the Attribute of Omniscience which em- 
braces a knowledge of all things in the future, as well as the 
past and present, requires us to believe that God foreknew 
from eternity who would, and who would not, be saved; and 
that, as his foreknowledge cannot be frustrated or defeated 
by the contingencies of human agency, therefore, those whom 
God foreknew from eternity would be saved or lost, must ne- 
cessarily come to pass. They argue, therefore, that all proph- 
ecy is founded in the foreknowledge of God, and consequently 
all prophecies must be fulfilled, as declared by the prophets. 

Now, the truth on this subject is this: That when the fulfill- 
ment of prophecy depends, in whole or in part, upon human 
agency, they may or may not be fulfilled, as the free agency 
of the creature may determine. We will give some cases in 
point, in proof of this assertion. 

First, we will take the case of the Ninevites, to whom Jo- 
nah was sent to proclaim, ' That in forty days, Nineveh should 
be overthrown: but on their repentance and reformation, the 
city and its inhabitants were saved. 

And the Word of the Lord came unto Jonah the second 



COMPARED AND CONTRASTED, &C. 475 

time, saying, Arise, go unto Nineveh, that great city and 
preach unto it the preaching that I bid thee. So Jonah arose, 
and went unto Nineveh, according to the word of the Lord. 
Now Nineveh was an exceeding great city of three day's 
journey. And Jonah began to enter into the city a day's 
journey, and he cried, and said, Yet forty days, and Nineveh 
shall be overthrown. So the people of Nineveh believed God, 
and proclaimed a fast, and put on sackcloth, from the great- 
est of them even to the least of them. For the Word came 
unto the king of Nineveh, and he arose from his throne, and 
he laid his robe from him, and covered him with sackcloth, 
and sat in ashes. And he caused it to be proclaimed and 
published through Nineveh by the decree of the king and his 
nobles, saying, Let neither man nor beast, herd nor flock, 
taste any thing: let them not feed, nor drink water: But let 
man and beast be covered with sackcloth, and cry mightily 
unto God: yea, let them turn every one from his evil way, and 
from the violence that is in their hands. Who can tell if 
God will turn and repent, and turn away from his fierce an- 
ger, thut we perish not? And God saw their works, that 
they turned from their evil way; and God repented of the evil 
that he had said that he would do unto them; and he did it not. 
Jonah, 3d chapter. 

In the above case of Nineveh, we see that although Jonah 
proclaimed the Word of the Lord that in forty days Nineveh 
should be overthrown, without any condition expressed, yet as 
in all similar cases, there was a condition implied, and on the 
repentance of the Ninevites, God repented of his purpose and 
spared the city. 

Let us next take the case of Keilah, which David delivered 
from the marauding Philistines, and by fleeing from the city, 
saved himself from the hands of his deadly enemy, Said. 

And it was told Saul that David was come to Keilah. And 
Saul said, God hath delievered him into mine hand; for he 
is shut in, by entering into a town that hath gates and bars. 
And Saul called all the people together to war, to go down 
to Keilah, to besiege David and his men. And David know 
that Saul secretly practiced mischief against him; and he said 



476 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES, 

to Abiathar the priest, Bring* hither the ephod. Then said 
David, Lord God of Israel, thy servant hath certainly 
heard that Saul seeketh to come to Keilah, to destroy the city 
for my sake. Will the men of Keilah deliver me up into his 
hand? will Saul come down, as thy servant hath heard? 
Lord God of Israel, I beseech thee, tell thy servant. And 
the Lord said, He will come down. Then said David, 
Will the men of Keilah deliver me and my men into the hand 
of Saul? And the Lord said, They will deliver thee up. 
Then David and his men, which were about six hundred, 
arose and departed out of Keilah, and went Whithersoever 
they could go. And it was told Saul that David was escaped 
from Keilah; and he forbare to go forth. And David abode 
in the wilderness in strong holds, and remained in a mountain 
in the wilderness of Ziph. And Saul sought him every day, 
but God delivered him not into his hand. And David saw 
that Saul was come out to seek his life: and David was in the 
wilderness of Ziph in a wood. 1 Samuel 23: 7 — 15. 

Here is another prophecy with no condition expressed, but 
evidently one implied, and David in the exercise of his free 
agency, saved himself and his men from the vindictive malice 
of Saul. 

Another prominent case of the fulfillment of prophecy be- 
ing predicated on human agency, is found in the last siege of 
Jerusalem by the forces of Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon. 
The siege and capture of Jerusalem had been the principal 
theme of all the prophets for many years before the sad event 
occurred: and many of the particulars and awful results had 
beeu the fruitful sources of lamentation and woe. And yet, 
but a few days before the awful event, the prophet Jeremiah 
assured the king Zedekiah, that if he would go out to the 
princes of Nebuchadnezzar's army, himself and the city should 
be saved. He refused to obey the Word of the Lord by the 
mouth of Jeremiah, and destruction and captivity was the 
result. 

Then Zedekiah the king sent, and took Jeremiah the 
prophet unto him into the third entry that is in the house of 
of the Lord: and the king said unto Jeremiah, I will ask thee 



COMPARED AND CONTRASTED, &C. 477 

a thing; hide nothing from me. Then Jeremiah said unto 
Zedekiah, If I declare it unto thee, wilt thou not surely put 
me to death ? and if I give thee counsel, wilt thou not hearken 
unto me? Zedekiah the king sware secretly unto Jeremiah, 
saying, As the Lord liveth, that made us this soul, I will not 
put thee to death, neither will I give thee into the hand of 
these men that seek thy life. Then said Jeremiah unto Zede- 
kiah, Thus saith the Lord, the God of hosts, the God of Is- 
rael; If thou wilt assuredly go forth unto the king of Baby- 
lon's princes, then thy soul shall live, and this city shall not 
be burned with fire; and thou shalt live, and thine house: 
But if thou wilt not go forth to the king of Babylon's princes, 
then shall this city be given into the hand of the Chaldeans, 
and they shall burn it with fire, and thou shalt not escape out 
of their hand. And Zedekiah the king said unto Jeremiah, 
I am afraid of the Jews that are fallen to the Chaldeans, lest 
they deliver me into their hand, and they mock me. But Jer- 
emiah said, They shall not deliver thee. Obey, I beseech 
thee, the voice of the Lord, which I speak unto thee: so it 
shall be well unto thee, and thy soul shall live. But if thou 
refuse to go forth, this is the word that the Lord hath shewed 
me: And behold, all the women that are left in the king of 
Judah's house shall be brought forth to the king of Babylon's 
princes, and those women shall say, Thy friends have set thee 
on, and have prevailed against thee: thy feet are sunk in the 
mire, and they are turned away back. So they shall bring 
out all thy wives and thy children to the Chaldeans: and 
thou shalt not escape out of their hand, but shalt be taken by 
the hand of the king of Babylon: and thou shalt cause this 
city to be burned with fire. Jer. 38: 14 — 23. 

In the two first of the preceding cases, (the cities of Nineveh 
and Keilah,) were saved by the exertion of human agency; in 
the two first prophecies concerning their overthrow and de- 
struction, no condition was expressed. In the latter case of 
Jerusalem, the city was destroyed and the people carried into 
captivity for refusing to exert their human agency as advised 
and exhorted to do by the prophet. 

The difficulty of reconciling the foreknowledge of God 



478 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

with the free agency of man; and the sovereignty of God, 
with man's accountability; has been a source of great per- 
plexity and mystery to the human mind, in all ages of the 
world. That each horn of the dilema is true, cannot be 
doubted from the facts of experience and observation, and 
because of the difficulty of a reconciliation, men have ever 
been disposed to adopt the one to the exclusion of the other. 

Let us try and solve this difficulty by one or two examples. 
We will take the case of Judas, the traitor, — and that which 
is true in the case of Judas, is true in every similar case. Our 
Savior foreknew and foretold the treachery of Judas: the 
question then, is, did the foreknowledge of the Savior in this 
case, lay upon Judas any antecedent necessity of committing 
the dark deed of treachery of which he was guilty? 

There does not appear to exist any necessary connection 
between the knowledge of an action and the action itself. 
They are entirely distinct and independent of each other. 
Actions are generally performed in regard to men, without 
any knowledge of them until after the performance, and 
hence there can be no connection between them, and the con- 
verse is equally true, the abstract knowledge of an action or 
the strong probability of an action, has no connection with 
the action itself. If, then, human knowledge in an individ- 
ual has no connection or influence in determining the actions 
of other men, no more can divine knowledge, in the abstract, 
have any such connection or influence. The abstract knowl- 
edge, then, of our Savior, that Judas would betray him, laid 
upon Judas no antecedent necessity for doing the deed. It 
only shows a divine knowledge how the will and actions of 
men, when left to themselves, will determine and incline 
themselves, without any constraining external power. 

The sovereign power and wisdom of God overrules the ac- 
tions of men when those actions contravene the grand pur- 
poses of God, in the dispensations of his Providence and 
Grace; and men, as free agents, are held accountable for their 
purposes and actions: were it otherwise, God w T ould dethrone 
himself by placing the reigns of the government of the world 
in the hands of wicked men, and all his purposes would be 



COMPARED AND CONTRASTED, &C. 479 

thwarted, and the world become an universal Bedlam of an- 
archy and confusion. On the other hand God permits the 
voluntary actions of free agents, and holds them accountable 
for their wickedness, though when their tendency is to contra- 
vene his designs and purposes in Providence and Grace, he 
overrules and defeats them. 

There is then, in constant operation in the world, two dis- 
tinct agencies: First, The sovereign power and wisdom of 
God, in the preservation of the universe, and prosecuting his 
grand designs in Providence and Grace; and, Secondly, There 
is a human, free agency in constant operation, the moral char- 
acter of which is determined by the moral law of God. This 
moral law is written by the Spirit of God, on the hearts of 
all rational men, and by the Spirit of which they will be 
judged in the great day of accounts. 

It has been argued by the advocates of the exclusive sove- 
reignty of God in the government of the universe and human 
redemption, That whatever God foreknows, he necessarily 
foreordains, and that as he foreknows all things, consequently 
all things must be foreordained. For the sake of argument 
we will admit for a moment this proposition, and test its 
truth or falsehood, by three logical sylogisms. 

"SylogismI. Whatsoever God Joreknew, he necessarily 
foreordained. 

God foreknew, the sins of all devils and wicked men; 

Therefore, God foreordained, the sins of all devils and wick- 
ed men. 

Sylogtsm 2. Whatsoever God foreordained, was according 
to his will. 

God foreordained, the sins of all devils and wicked men. 

Therefore, the sins of all devils and wicked men are ac- 
cording to the will of God. 

Sylogism 3. ^Vhosoever doeth the will of God, shall enter 
into the kingdom of heaven. 

All devils and wicked men do the will of God. 

Therefore, all devils, and wicked ?nen, shall enter into the 
kingdom of heaven." 

Such, again we repeat, arc the absurdities and inconsistcn- 



480 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES, 

cies of error; and such errors have greatly impeded the pro- 
gress, and marred the beauty, of the Christian Church. It 
is gratifying to the friends of truth and progress, to know that 
this pernicious error of unconditional predestination to eternal 
life, has lost credit in the Church and the world. Defeated, 
supplanted, and exploded by the scriptural doctrine of Free 
Grace; it is but seldom vaunted, even by its former advo- 
cates, and such have been the mortal wounds its head has re- 
ceived, it fears to put it forth; and even when it has the hard- 
ihood and impudence to put it forth for a moment, under the 
most favorable circumstances, such are the deadly blows it 
receives, that it draws back into the darkness from whence it 
eminated. 

CHAPTER IT. 

THE EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES, COMPARED AND CONTRASTED 
WITH THE PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH CREED. 

We proceed next to notice the doctrines of the Presbyte- 
rian Church, as set forth in the Confession of Faith of that 
Church, and published to the world. 

The second section of the eighth chapter of the Confession 
of Faith, reads thus: — 'The Son of God, the second Person 
in the Trinity, being very and Eternal God, of one substance 
and equal with the Father, did, when the fullness of the time 
was come, take upon him man's nature, with all the essential 
properties, and common infirmities thereof, yet without sin; 
being conceived by the power of the Holy Ghost, in the womb 
of the virgin Mary, of her substance, so that two whole, and 
perfect, and distinct natures; the Godhead and the manhood, 
were inseparably joined together in one Person, without con- 
version, composition, or confusion, which Person is very God, 
and very man, yet one Christ, the only Mediator, between 
God and man.' 

We mark in the above section, the following gross and es- 
sential errors, to wit : It asserts, in the first place, That the 
Son was very and eternal God: whereas, the Son himself de- 
clares, "My Father is greater, than I." And the Evangelist 



COMPARED AND CONTRASTED, &C. 481 

says, 'The angel said unto her, (Mary,) the Holy Ghost shall 
come upon thee, and the power of the Highest shall over- 
shadow thee: therefore that holy thing which shall be born of 
thee, shall be called the Son of God.' And the Apostle says, 
'But when the fulness of the time was come, God sent forth 
his Son, made of a woman, made under the law ; To redeem 
them that were under the law, that we might receive the 
adoption of sons." This section proceeds to confirm the 
above assertion by saying, 'Of one substance and equal with 
the Father. 1 It also proceeds to assert, 'That when the ful- 
ness of the time was come, the Eternal Son took upon him 
man's nature, with all the essential properties, and common 
infirmities thereof, yet without sin; and that this same Eter- 
nal Son was conceived by the Power of the Holy Ghost in the 
womb of the virgin Mary, — of her substance.' If, then, those 
words have any meaning, it is this, That the Son of God, who 
is the very and Eternal God, was begotten in the womb of the 
virgin Mary, by the very and Eternal Son of God, who took 
upon himself human nature, and that this very and Eternal Son 
of God was of the substance of the virgin Mary, and had all 
the essential properties and infirmities of man, yet without 
sin ! This section proceeds, 'So that two whole and perfect 
natures, the Godhead and the manhood, were inseparably join- 
ed together in one Person, without conversion, composition, or 
confusion.'' This section asserts, unequivocally, that the Son 
of God is the very and Eternal God, of one substance, and 
equal with the Father. It also asserts that the same Eternal 
Son of God took upon him man's nature in the womb of the 
virgin Mary. Either then there are two Sons of God, the 
Eternal Son, and the very man, or else the Eternal Son begat 
the Eternal Son, in the womb of the virgin Mary, and the 
Eternal Son was born, and that the Eternal Son, who is the 
Father, suffered and died, and arose from the dead, and ascend- 
ed to heaven ; and further, that the Eternal Son, who is the 
Father, sitteth at the right hand of the Father, from whence 
he will come as the Eternal Son, who is the Eternal Father, 
sent by the Eternal Father to judge the world at the last day ! 
In further confirmation of the above construction of this 
31 



482 EXPOSITION OF THE TRIXITIES. 

section, it is added that the Eternal Son, who took upon him 
man's nature, done it without converson, composition, or confu- 
sion: so that the Eternal Son was entirely distinct from man's 
nature. Either then, there are two Sons of God, or the hu- 
man nature is not the Son of God. But the Evangelists and 
Apostles declare unequivocally and repeatedly that the human 
nature of the Christ is the Son of God: therefore the Eternal 
San of the Presbyterian Confession of Faith, is a fiction, and 
not even l a cunningly devised fable. 7 

The framers of the Confession of Faith of the Presbyteri- 
an Church, imitating the example of the Episcopal Church 
divines, have failed to tell us who, or by what power and wis- 
dom the world and universe were preserved and governed 
during the three days and nights of darkness which the Eter- 
nal Son lay in the tomb, or by what power the dead Eternal 
Son, who was the Eternal Father, was raised from the dead; 
for surely the Eternal Son, who was dead, could not raise the 
dead Eternal Son! This truly was a perid of gross darkness 
which was felt. 

In direct contradiction to the declaration of these divines, 
the Evangelist says, that the Son of God, in the last agonies 
of expiring nature cried with a loud voice, 'My God, my God, 
why hast thou forsaken me. ; And the Apostle tells us, 'Ye 
men of Israel, hear these words, Jesus of Nazareth, a man ap- 
proved among you by miracles, and wonders, and signs, which 
God did by him in the midst of you, as ye yourselves also 
know. Him being delivered, by the determinate counsel and 
foreknowledge of God, ye have taken, and by wicked hands 
have crucified and slain, Whom God hath raised up, having 
loosed the pains of death, because it was not possible he 
should be holden by it. For David speaketh concerning him, 
I foresaw the Lord always before my face; for he is on my 
right hand, that I should not be moved: Therefore did my 
heart rejoice, and my tongue was made glad; moreover also 
my flesh shall rest in hope. Because thou wilt not leave my 
soul in hell, (hades) nor suffer thy Holy One to see corrup- 
tion. Thou hast made known to me the ways of life; thou 
shalt make me full of joy with thy countenance. Men and 



COMPARED AND CONTRASTED, &C. 483 

brethren, let me freely speak unto you of the patriarch David; 
that he is both dead and buried, and his sepulchre is with us 
unto this day. Therefore being a prophet, and knowing that 
God had sworn with an oath to him, that of the fruit of his 
loins, according to the flesh, he would raise up Christ to set 
on his throne. He seeing this before, spake of the resurrec- 
tion of Christ, that his soul was not left in hell, (hades) nei- 
ther his flesh did see corruption.' 

The following sentence of this second section, is strictly true, 
but at direct variance with the first part of the section, to- 
wit, 'Which Person, is very God, and very man; yet one Christ. 
The only Mediator between God and man.' 

The third section of this chapter is also strictly true, but 
at variance with the first part of section second. It reads as 
follows : 'The Lord Jesus in his human nature, thus united to 
the Divine, was sanctified and anointed by the Holy Spirit, 
above measure, having in him all the treasures of wisdom 
and knowledge, in whom, it pleased the Father, that all ful- 
ness should dwell: to the end, that being holy, harmless, un- 
defiled, and full of grace and truth, he might be thoroughly 
furnished to execute the office of Mediator, and Surety, Which 
office he took not unto himself, but was thereunto called by the 
Father, who put all power and judgment into his hand and 
gave him commandment to execute the same.' 

The Ifourih section of the eighth chapter of the Presbyterian 
Confession of Faith, reads thus ; — 'This office (that of Media- 
tor) the Lord Jesus did most willingly undertake; which, 
that he might discharge, he was made under the law; and did 
perfectly fulfill it: endured most grievous torments, immedi- 
ately in his soul, and most painful sufferings in his body; was 
crucified, and died, was buried, and remained under the power 
of death, yet saw no corruption. On the third day he arose 
from the dead in the same body in which he suffered, with 
which he ascended into heaven, and there sitteth on the right 
hand of the Father, making intercession, and shall return to 
judge men and angels, at the end of the world." 

In this section, the words, 'he rose from the dead,' should 
be rendered, l God raised him from the dead by the Power of 



484 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES, 

the Holy Ghost/ as the Apostle expresses it. The dead body 
of the Son of God, did not raise itself from the dead. 

The fifth section reads thus, — 'The Lord Jesus by his per- 
fect obedience, and sacrifice of himself, which he, through the 
Eternal Spirit, offered up unto God, hath fully satisfied the 
justice of his Father, and purchased not only reconciliation, 
but an everlasting inheritance in the kingdom of heaven — for 
all those whom the Father hath given unto him. ; This sec- 
tion is truly and beautifully expressed, with the exception of 
the last sentence, which marrs the truth and beauty of the sec- 
tion with the old leaven of unconditional predestination. 

The sixth section of the chapter reads thus, — 'Although the 
work of Redemption was not actually wrought by Christ, till 
after his incarnation, yet the virtue, efficacy, and benefits 
thereof were communicated to the elect, in all ages success- 
ively , from the beginning of the world, being yesterday, and 
to-day, the same and forever. This section is considerably 
leavened with the stale and exploded doctrine of uncondition- 
al election. 

The seventh section reads thus, — 'Christ in the work of me- 
diation, acteth according to both natures, by each nature, do- 
ing that which is proper to itself: yet, by reason of the unity 
of the Person, that which is proper to one nature, is some- 
times in the scriptures, attributed to the Person denominated 
by the other nature/ 

This section, would be strictly true, and clearly and beau- 
tifully expressed, were the term Person, first mentioned, ren- 
dered in the plural number, Persons; for the two natures, uni- 
ted in the Person of Christ, consisted of the Father and the 
Son; or, the Divinity and the humanity: each were a Person. 
and the two united constituted the Christ. The construction 
of the latter part of the section, requires this emendation in 
the former part. 

The eighth, and last section of this chapter, reads thus, — 
'To all those for whom Christ purchased redemption, he doth 
certainly and effectually apply and communicate the same; 
making intercession for them, and revealing unto them, in and 
by the Word, the^mysteries of salvation, effectually persuad- 



COMPARED AND CONTRASTED, &C. 485 

ing them by the Spirit, to believe and obey: and governing 
their hearts by his Word and Spirit; overcoming all their en- 
emies, by his Almighty Power and Wisdom, in such manner 
and ways as are most consonant to his wonderful and un- 
searchable dispensation.' 

The above section, is a compound of truth and error. It 
is true so far as the subjects of grace voluntarily believe and 
obey the Word and the Spirit] but if it is intended to convey 
the idea that a definite number of the human family were fore- 
ordained from eternity, or the beginning of the world to eter- 
nal life; and that this number would infallibly believe and 
obey, by irresistible power to the exclusion of the other por- 
tion of the human family, and this by previous Covenant, or 
ordination of the Divine mind or will, it is certainly a perni- 
cious error. 

For an ample and satisfactory refutation of the doctrine of 
the Eternal Sonship, see First Part of this Work, and especial- 
ly Chapters 1 and 11; and the whole tenor of the scriptures, 
and the moral character of God are in direct opposition to 
the doctrine of unconditional election and reprobation. 

We cannot dismiss this Eighth Chapter of the Presbyteri- 
an Confession of Faith, without taking another view of the 
erroneous doctrine of the Eternity of the Sonship of Christ. 

We will predicate an argument upon the Wisdom, Power, 
and Goodness of God. As then God is a Being, one of 
whose Attributes is Omniscience, it is absurd to suppose that 
he ever done or does an act without a purpose and design. 
But to have provided a Savior in the Eternal Son, before the 
fall of man, would have been a work of supererogation, and 
therefore inconsistent with, and derogatory to the Attributes 
of God. When he created man and placed him in the gar- 
den of Eden, he gave him a law as the test of his obedience 
and the condition of his future happiness or misery. There 
was no provision made for his restoration and happiness, in 
the event of his transgressing the law. To suppose other- 
wise, and to have made known to Adam and Eve the provis- 
ion made for their restoration and redemption in the event 
of their transgression, would have been to encourage and 



486 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES, 

tolerate the transgression; and for God to have purposed it 
in his Mind and not to have made it known to them, would 
have been a Mental reservation of downright duplicity; 
threatening them with death, when at the same time he did 
not intend it, but contrariwise purposed their restoration and 
redemption through the Eternal Son, which had been begotten 
and provided from Eternity. This would make true the 
speech of the serpent to Eve. No: when God declared to 
Adam and Eve that in the day they ate of the forbidden fruit 
they should surely die, his Truth was in the "Word, and there 
was no duplicity or mental reservation in the case, but he 
meant what he Said, and as he Said. 

After the Jail, his "Wisdom, Power, and Goodness, devised 
and executed the plan of Redemption. This plan of redemp- 
tion was the promised Seed of the woman who should bruise 
the serpent's head. This Seed, of the woman, begotten by the 
Power of the Holy Ghost in the womb of the virgin Mary r 
is the proper So?i of God, and the only Son of God, as declared 
by the angel sent of God, when he was conceived and made; 
in whom dwelt the fulness of the Godhead bodily, constitu- 
ting him the CHRIST. 

The doctrine of unconditional election and reprobation 
from eternity, and the doctrine of the Eternal Sonship,&ve twin 
sisters. The one supposes the other and requires the other 
to bolster them up. If there was an everlasting Covenant be- 
tween the Father and the Eternal Son, that a definite number 
of the human family should be given to the Eternal Son, and 
that they should infallibly be saved and none others, then of 
course an Eternal Son, was necessary. And vice versa; if 
there was an Eternal Son provided for the redemption of a 
definite number of the human family, then this definite num- 
ber must have been known and given to the Eternal Son, from 
Eternity. 

The doctrine is entirely subversive of the doctrine of FREE 
GRACE, which is inculcated throughout the Sacred Scrip- 
tures, and is in perfect harmony with all the Attributes of- 
Deity.. 

L3t us see how the doctrine of the Eternal Sonship agrees 



&c. 487 

with the Scriptural doctrine of the Christ. That the Son is 
the human nature of the Christ, begotten by the Holy Ghost 
in the womb of thi virgin Mary, cannot be denied. If then 
the supposed Eternal Son, took upon him human nature; then 
it is the Eternal Son, in the human Son, which is the Christ. 
In direct contradiction to all this, the human Son Saith, 'As 
thou Father art in me, and I in thee, that they also may be one 
in us: that the world may believe that thou hast sent me.' — 
John IT: 21. 

The human nature of the^ Christ, 'begotten by the Holy 
Ghost/ — 'made of a woman/ is the Son of God, and the only 
Son of God: in whom the Father dwelt in the fulness of the 
Godhead bodily. This fact will forever preclude the suppo- 
sition of the Eternity of the Sonship; and consequently of 
etem'al election in the Son. 

If then the question be asked, what meaning attaches to 
such passages of Scripture as the following: 'According as he 
hath chosen us in him, before the foundation of the world, 
that we should be holy and without blame before him in love: 
Having predestinated us unto the adoption of children by 
Jesus Christ to himself, according to the good pleasure of his 
will. Eph. 1: 4, 5. 

And again, 'Who (Christ) verily was foreordained before 
the foundation of the world, but was manifest in these last 
times for you. 1 Peter 1: 20. 

The answer is at hand. They simply mean before, the be- 
ginning of the Jewish system of Religion, which system, in the 
scriptures is frequently denominated the world; and before it; 
before the beginning of the world, and the end of it; the end of 
the world. 

For example, 'That it might be fulfilled, which was spoken 
by the prophet, saying, I will open my mouth in parables; I 
will utter things which have been kept secret from W\q foun- 
dation of the wotld. Matt. 13: 35. 'That the blood of all 
the prophets, which was shed from the foundation ofthcwoold, 
might be required of this generation. Luke 11: 50. 'For 
we which have believed do enter into rest, as he said, As 1 
have sworn in my wrath, if they shall enter into my rest, al- 



488 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES, 

though the works were finished from the foundation of the 
world. Heb. 4: 3. 'For then must he often have suffered, 
since the foundation of the world; but now once in the end 
of the world, hath he appeared, to put away sin by the sacri- 
fice of himself. Heb. 9: 26. 



CHAPTER III. 



THE EXPOSISITION OF THE TRINITIES COMPARED AND CONTRAST- 
ED WITH THE ARTICLES OF FAITH OF THE ALABAMA BAPTIST 
ASSOCIATION, OF THE BAPTIST CHURCH, FOR THE YEAR 1855. 

The second Artile of Faith, of this Association, reads thus, 
'Of the true God, 7 'That there is one, and only one, true and 
living God, whose name is Johovah, the Maker and Supreme 
Ruler of heaven and earth; inexpressbly glorious in holiness; 
worthy of all confideuce, and love; revealed under the per- 
sonal and relative distinctions of the Father, the Son, and the 
Holy Ghost, equal in every divine perfection, and executing 
distinct but harmonious offices in the great work of Redemp- 
tion.' 

The error in the above Article, consists in confounding the 
Word, with the Son. See First Part, of this Work, chapters 
1 and 11. That the Father, the Son, and the Holy Ghost are 
the Trinity in Redemption, is true; but the Son, as such, was 
not in the Trinity of Creation. This Trinity consisted of the 
Father, the Word, and the Holy Ghost, as the Three that are 
One, revealed by St. John. 1 John 5: 7. This Trinity in the 
Godhead in Creation and Legislation, created the Second Per- 
son, the Son, in the Trinity in Redemption, in the humanity 
of which Son, the Godhead dwelt in all his fulness; and through 
which Son, and by virtue of the death of which Son, human 
Redemption was effected. 



COMPARED AND CONTRASTED, &C. 489 

The Son was the Created, and sent, of the Father to execute 
his will. He was the organ of the Word, but Dot the Word 
himself. The Word was God, and the Word clothed with the 
Power of the Holy Ghost created the heavens and the earth, 
and all things which are therein; the Son, was perfect human 
nature, and gave himself a ransome to the Father for the re- 
demption price of the human race. The Son was crucified, 
died, and was buried, but not so the Word, which was God. 
The Son was raised from the dead, by the Power of the Holy 
Ghost, but not so of the Word. The Father, the Word, and 
the Holy Ghost, were reunited to the Son, never again to be 
separated, and thus ascended to heaven; from whence the Son, 
in whom the fulness of the Godhead dwells, will descend to 
judge the world, at the last day, and take his redeemed to 
heaven. 

The Fourth Article in the Declaration of Faith of the Ala- 
bama Baptist Association of the Baptist Church, for the year 
1855, reads as follows, to-wit : 

Article 4. 'Of the way of salvation.' 'That the salvation 
of sinners is wholly of grace, through the mediatorial office of 
the Son of God, who took on him our nature, yet without sin; 
honored the law by his personal obedience, and made atone- 
ment for our sins by his death; being risen from the dead he 
is now enthroned in heaven, and uniting in his wonderful 
Person, the tenderest sympathies with divine perfections, is 
every way qualified to be a suitable, a compassionate, and an 
all-sufficient Savior. 7 

In this Article we are taught that the Son, who is God, and 
in every respect equal with the Father, 'took on him human 
nature, yet without sin, honored the law by his personal obe- 
dience, and made atonement for our sins by his death.' Ac- 
cording to this Creed then, the Son of God, who was God, 
and equal in every sense with the Father, was begotten, born, 
suffered, was crucified, and died. That the dead Son of God, 
who was in every sense the Eternal God, was raised from the 
dead, by the Power of the dead Son of God; he is now en- 
throned in heaven, &c. By what magic power the dead Son 
of God, raised himself from the dead, we arc not told; or by 



490 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES, 

what power the world and universe was preserved and gov- 
erned during the three days and nights of Godless power and 
gross darkness, we are not told; but left to infer that it was 
by satanic power, or some angelic power, or any other power 
we might suppose; only it was not by the Power of God, for 
he was dead and buried! 

Such are the gross absurdities and inconsistencies, not to 
say profanities, of error. And such is the result of confound- 
ing the Word of God, with the Son of God. As the Son of 
God is the only Savior of men, and was always a Savior, con- 
sequently if the Son of God was Eternal, he must have been 
an Eternal Savior, and consequently there must be those who 
were eternally saved, before they done either good or evil. 
Thus we see that the doctrine of the Eternal Son, forces upon 
us the sanction of its counterpart, to-wit, the eternal and un- 
conditional predestination of some to eternal life. Such is the 
dilema of this absurdity, that it is impossible to escape from 
it with any degree of consistency, but whatever horn of it we 
take hold of, we are gored to death. The only possible way 
of escape is to renounce it as absurd, inconsistent, profane 
and unscriptural. 

It was not the Eternal Son of God, who was incarnated in 
the Son of God who is human nature, and very man which 
constitute the Christ;— But the Father, in the Son, which is 
the Christ; or, in other words, the Divinity, and the human- 
ity, United. The humanity, or Son, was begotten by the Di- 
vinity: the humanity, or Son, was born, suffered, was crucified, 
buried, and was raised by the Power of the Divinity; reuni- 
ted, to the Divinity; and thus ascended to heaven. 

The Sixth Article of the Declaration of Faith of the Ala- 
bama Association of the Baptist Church, reads thus, — 

'Article Sixth. 'Of the freeness of Salvation. 7 That the 
blessings of salvation are made free to all by the gospel; that 
it is the immediate duty of all to accept them by a cordial 
and obedient faith; and that nothing prevents the salvation 
of the greatest sinner on earth, except his own voluntary re- 
fusal to submit to the Lord Jesus Christ; which refusal will 
subject him to an aggravated condemnation.' 



COMPARED AND CONTRASTED, &C. 491 

This Article of Faith is a glorious reformation in the Bap- 
tist Creed, and is hailed with exceeding joy. It is a glorious 
victory of FREE GRACE, over the stale and exploded 
heresy of Calvinism. For this the friends of Truth greet our 
Baptist Brethren with warm hearts and hands, and bid them 
God speed in populating the waste places and building up the 
walls of our common Zion. 

1 Blow ye the trumpet, blow, 

The gladly solemn sound, 
Let all the nations know, 

To earth's remotest bound ; 
The year of jubilee is come, 
Return, ye rausom'd sinners, home. 

Jesus, our great High Priest, 

Hath full atonement made ; 
Ye weary spirits, rest ; 

Ye mournful souls be glad ; 
The year of jubilee is come, 
Return, ye ransom'd sinners, home.' 

The Twelfth Article of Faith of this Association, reads 
thus, — 

'Article Twelfth.' 'Of Baptism and the Lord's Supper. 
That Christian Baptism is the immersion of a believer in wa- 
ter, in the name of the Father, Son, and Spirit, to show forth 
in a solemn and beautiful emblem, our faith, in a crucified and 
risen Savior, with its purifying power; that it is a prerequi- 
site to the privileges of a Church relation; and to the Lord's 
Supper, in which the members of the Church by the use of 
bread and wine, are to commemorate together the dying love 
of Christ, preceeded always by solemn self-examination.' 

Our remarks on Baptism under that head, may suffice for 
that subject here; which see. The latter part of the above 
Article, which relates to the design and administration of the 
Lord's Supper, is not objected to. 



492 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 



CHAPTER IY. 

THE EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES COMPARED AND CONTRASTED 

WITH THE ARTICLES OF RELIGION OF THE METHODIST 

E. CHURCH. 

The Second Article of this Church's Creed reads thus,— 
■ 'Of the Word, or Son of God who was made very Man.' 

The Son, who is the Ward of the Father, the very and Eter- 
nal God, of one substance with the Father, took man's nature 
in the womb of the blessed virgin; so that two whole and per- 
fect natures, that is to say, the Godhead and the manhood, 
were joined together in one Person, never to be divided, where- 
of is one Christ, very God and very man, who truly suffered, 
was crucified, dead and buried, to reconcile his Father to us, 
and to be a sacrifice not only for original guilt, but also for 
actual sins of men.' 

The above Article sets out with the declaration that the 
Son is the Word of the Father. This is the prime error which 
has existed for centuries in relation to the Trinities. 

St. John says, Tn the Beginning was the Word, aud the Word 
was with God, and the Word was God.' The Father Said to 
the serpent after the fall of man, 'The Seed of the woman, 
(which is the Son) shall bruise thy head, and thou shalt bruise 
his heel.' Gen. 3. 15. The Evangelist says, 'And the angel said 
unto her, Fear not Mary; for thou hast found favor with God. 
And behold, thou shalt conceive in thy womb, and bring forth 
a Son, and shalt call his name Jesus. He shall be great, and 
shall be called the Son of the Highest; and the Lord God 
shall give unto him the throne of his father David. And he 
shall reign over the house of Jacob for ever; and of his king- 
dom there shall be no end. Then said Mary unto the angel, 
How shall this be, seeing I know not a man? And the angel 
answered and said unto her, The Holy Ghost shall come upon 
thee, and the power of the Highest shall overshadow thee; 
therefore also that holy thing which shall be bom of thee 



COMPARED AND CONTRASTED, AC. 493 

shall be called the Son of God. Luke 1 : 30—35. The Apos- 
tle says, But when the fulness of the time was come, God 
sent forth his So?i, made of a woman, made under the law, To 
redeem them that were under the law, that we might receive 
the adoption of sons. Gal. 4: 4, 5. 

Words could not make a clearer distinction between the 
Word, and the Son, than the above. And yet in the face of 
all this, (and this is but a small portion to the same effect,) 
this Creed declares that 'the Son is the Word of God/ This 
Article proceeds to affirm that the Son of God, who is coe- 
qual, coeternal, and of one substance with the Father, took 
man's nature in the womb of the blessed virgin. Now, it is 
acknowledged on all hands, that the human nature of Christ, 
which was begotten, is the Son of God, and a distinct and dif- 
ferent nature from the Divinity of the Godhead who dwelt in 
him. If then the Eternal Soil dwelt in the human Son, there 
must be two Sons, the Divine, and the hnman, and if not, then 
the Son of God who is the very and Eternal God, of one sub- 
stance with the Father, was conceived by the Power of the 
Holy Ghost, in the womb of the virgin Mary, who was born 
of the virgin Mary, who suffered, was crucified, dead, buried, 
and rose again by the Power of the Holy Ghost. 

This Article, to make insurance doubly sure, and to put the 
meaning of it beyond all controversy, proceeds to affirm, that 
the Eternal Son, thus united to the human Son, was never to 
be divided; whereas the human Son, when in his expiring ag- 
onies upon the cross, exclaimed, 'My God, my God, why hast 
thou forsaken me.' And the Apostle says, Ye men of Israel, 
hear these words ; Jesus of Nazareth, a man approved of God 
among you by miracles, and wonders, and signs, which God 
did by him in the midest of you, as ye yourselves also know: 
Him, being delivered by the determinate counsel and fore- 
knowledge of God, ye have taken, and by wicked hands have 
crucified and slain: Whom God hath raised up, having loosed 
the pains of death: because it was not possible that he should 
be holden of it. For David speaketh concerning him, I fore- 
saw the Lord always before my face: for he is on my right 
hand that I should not be moved: Therefore did my heart re- 



494 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES. 

joice, and my tongue was glad: moreover also, my flesh shall 
rest in hope: Because thou wilt not leave my soul in hell, 
(hades) neither wilt thou suffer thine Holy One to see cor- 
ruption. Thou^hast made known to me the ways of life; 
thou shalt make me full of joy with thy countenance. Men 
and brethren, let me freely speak unto you of the patriarch 
David, that he is both dead and buried, and his sepulchre is 
with us unto this day. Therefore being a prophet, and know- 
ing that God had sworn with an oath to him, that of the fruit of 
his loins, according to the flesh, he would raise up Christ to 
sit on his throne: He seeing this before, spake of the resur- 
rection of Christ, that his soul was not left in hell, (hades) 
neither his flesh did see corruption. Therefore being by the 
right hand of God exalted, and having received of the Father 
the promise of the Holy Ghost, he hath shed forth this, which 
ye now see and hear. For David is not ascended into the 
heavens, but he said himself, The Lord Said unto my Lord, 
Sit thou on my right hand, Until I make thy foes thy foot- 
stool. Therefore let all the house of Jsrael know assuredly, 
that God hath made that same Jesus whom ye have crucified, 
both Lord and Christ. Acts 2: 22—36. 

The doctrine of the Eternal Sonship of Christ is at vari- 
ance with the doctrine of free grace, for which the Metho- 
dist E. Church is distinguished, and for the inculcation and 
spread of which doctrine she merrits so much credit: for we 
have shown in the previous Chapters that if there be an 
Eternal Son, then there was an Eternal Savior, and if an Eter- 
nal Savior, there are those who were eternally saved, and 
consequently saved unconditionally before the fall, and before 
they had done either good or evil. We here repeat, that in- 
dependently of the absurdity and inconsistency of the doctrine 
of the Eternal Sonship of Christ, it reflects dishonor upon 
the Wisdom, Power, and moral character of God. It charges 
God with a work of supererogation, in providing a Savior 
when there were no subjects to save; it charges him with du- 
plicity in the law which he gave to Adam and Eve as a test 
of their fidelity, in threatening them with death in the event 
of the violation of the law, when at the same time there was 



COMPARED AND CONTRASTED, AC. 495 

a Savior provided from eternity, for their restoration and sal- 
vation. It implies a defect in infinite Wisdom to devise, and 
an inability in Omnipotence to execute a plan and a scheme 
for any and every emergency which might possibly occur, and 
when it might occur. The doctrine contradicts reason and 
Revelation; it is one of the 'commandments and doctrines of 
men.' Col. 2: 22. 

We hold that the Son cannot be separated from the Savior; 
but that the Son was the Savior from the time of his exist- 
ence and promise; either from all eternity, or at any given 
point in eternity, or at any given point of time since the be- 
ginning of Time. He could not have been a Savior before 
there were subjects saved, either present or in anticipatioi ; 
and as there were no subjects of salvation before man was 
created and fell, it follows that if the Son is Eternal, that 
Adam and Eve, and all their posterity included in the 'cove- 
nant secret to us/ were saved before they were made and 
born, or had done either good or evil. We are saved through 
faith, now, not anticipated. 

If the Eternal Son, so called, was not the Eternal Savior, 
the question arises, when, and how, did he become the Savior? 
If we say at the time when, and by the process of his 
taking upon him human nature, and becoming a sacrifice for 
sins: then the Eternal Son ceased to be Divinity, and was 
converted into humanity; or in other words, God ceased to 
be God, and became very man: and if not so, then the Eter- 
nal Son, who was the very God, was begotten in the womb of 
the virgin Mary, was born, suffered, was crucified, died, was 
buried and arose from the dead, and ascended to heaven ! 

We here repeat the self-evident propositions laid down as 
incontrovertible in the first part of this Work, to-wit: 1. That 
the Sacred Scriptures being a Revelation from, and gift of 
God to the human family, cannot contradict themselves, nor 
right reason, because both being gifts of God, it would be im- 
pugning the moral character of God to suppose, that either 
gift should contradict the orther, or itself. 

2. Where then the whole tenor of the Scriptures, sanction- 
ed by right reason, go to prove that the humanity of the 



496 EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES, 

Christ is the Son of God, it follows as a self-evident propo- 
sition, that the Son of God cannot be Eternal. 

The Fourth Article of Religion in the Methodest E. Church 
Creed reads as follows : 

Article 4. 'Of the Holy Ghost. 7 'The Holy Ghost proceed- 
ing from the Father and the Son, is of one substance majesty, 
and glory, with the Father and the Son, very and eternal God.' 

This Article states unequivocally, that the Holy Ghost pro- 
ceeded from the Father and the Son. The same breath that 
here affirms the Father the Son, and the Holy Ghost, to be 
of one substance, majesty, glory, and eternity, affirms that the 
Holy Ghost proceedeth from the Father and the Son; where- 
as the Evangelists, and Apostles declare, That the Son was 
begotten in the womb of the virgin Mary by the Power of 
the Holy Ghost, in whom the Holy Ghost dwelt, and through 
whom he operates in the offices of Providence and Grace. 
See all this abundantly proved, in Chapters 1 and 11, of the 
First Part of this Work, as well as throughout the whole of 
the Typical Dispensation. 



CHAPTER V. 



THE EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES COMPARED AND CONTRASTED 
WITH THE METHODIST P. CHURCH CREED. 

The Articles of Religion as set forth by the Methodist P. 
Church, are the same as those of the Methodist E. Church. 
The difference between the two Denominations consists in 
their Ecclesiastical Pollity. 

The Methodist Protestant Church is a Branch of, and Se- 
cession from the M. E. Church, and has engrafted on the Sys- 
tem of the latter the principle of Lay Delegation, and Repre- 
sentation, in her ecclesiastical economy. 

The essental doctrines, therefore, of the two Branches of 
the Church being the same, it becomes unnecessary to repeat 
the errors and objections already noticed. 



COMPARED AND CONTRASTED, &C. 497 



CHAPTER VI. 

THE EXPOSITION OF THE TRINITIES, COMPARED AND CONTRASTED 
WITH THE CONGREGATIONAL METHODIST CHURCH CREED. 

The Articles of Religion of the Congregational Methodist 
Church, like those of the Methodist P. Church, are the same 
as those of the Methodist E. Church. The difference in this 
Denomination from the two former is, That she adopts the 
system of Individual Church Independence ; In that, each 
and every individual Church calls her own Pastor, and trans- 
acts in the main her own business; yet, a bond of Union ex- 
ists between the Churches. This Branch of the Church like 
the Methodist P. Church, is in the main, a Secession from the 
Methodist E. Church; protesting against the Ecclesiastical 
Polity of the latter. The doctrines of the Church, there- 
fore, being the same with the two former, it is unnecessary to 
repeat in this place the objections already made to the doc- 
trines of the Trinity, as held by* them. 

As to the other Branches of the Christian Church, in the 
United States of America, which we promised, in the Title 
Page to this Work, to notice, we must refer the reader to 
their respective Creeds, when he will for himself compare 
and contrast them with the doctrines of the Trinities, as set 
forth, and so amply proved, throughout the preceding Work. 

These three Branches of the Methodist Church, in the 
United States of America, adopting the Scriptural doctrine 
of FREE GRACE, as held and propagated by Arminius, 
have, under God, been instrumental in diffusing the doctrine 
through all the Branches of the Christian Church, and 
throughout the wide world. Such have been the deadly 
blows which they have given to the doctrine of unconditional 
election and reprobation, and that in the head; that it seldom 
dares to show it, and when on some special and most favora- 
ble occations, it takes advantage of circumstances, to put it 
forth, for a moment, such are the Batteries let loose against 
it, that it soon draws back with fresh wounds, into the dark 
den from whence it emanated. These Branches of the 
Church are constantly strengthening their stakes and adding 
32 



498 CONCLUSION. 



to their numbers: and they will doubtless furnish a large 
quota, 'at the great day for which all other days were made,' 
to the countless millions of ' that great company, which no 
man can number, of every nation, people, and tongue/ who 
shall add to the loud shout of joy, and swell the song of re- 
demption, in the vast concave of heaven, to all eternity. 

CONCLUSION. 

We now shake hands with the reader and bid him a final 
farewell. As this Work was undertaken for his special ben- 
efit, I hope he can say in truth, ' My mind has been enlight- 
enhd and satisfied on the important doctrines of the Trini- 
ties; my heart has been improved by the Spirit of Grace 
diffused throughout the language and subject matter of the 
Work; my faith has been strengthened, my hope confirmed; 
and my nature sanctified. 

Certainly, such a Work in its character has never been 
given to the Church, nor to the world. It is a Work which 
the Church and world has wanted for many centuries, and for 
the want of which they have groped in darkness on the im- 
portant doctrine of the Trinities; worshipping, confessedly, 
to a great extent, ' AN UNKNOWN GOD. 7 ' Whom there- 
fore ye ignorantly worship, him declare I unto you.' I may 
here, perhaps, ' make myself a fool in boasting,' but it is true. 

I feel to thank God from the heart, that he has enabled me 
by his Holy Spirit, so to conceive and expound this hitherto 
mysterious subject, to the perfect satisfaction of every intelli- 
gent mind; so that I may say, 'Even those who run, may 
understand.' 

For many years, the subject of the Trinity has borne with 
considerable weight upon my mind; and I have often sug- 
gested the doctrine to others, and have generally found that it 
was considered an incomprehensible mystery, never intended 
to be revealed; and even ministers of the gospel, whose spe- 
cial calling is to investigate and expound the Sacred Scrip- 
tures, seemed to concern themselves but little about it from 
the above consideration, and I have sometimes been shocked 
at the grossness and confusion of conception on the subject. 



conclusion. 499 



Because of all this, T have occasionally thought of writing 
something on the subject, for years past, but was deterred 
from the seeming complexity of its nature, and especially 
from the acknowledged ignorance of learned and good men 
on the subject, and their failing to give any satisfactory ex- 
planation of it when they attempted it. I have frequently 
attempted to Preach on the subject, but could perceive that I 
was not understood, and that the doctrine was considered a 
hidden mystery. 

I have sometimes suggested to brethren, in conversation 
on the subject, my purpose in trying to write something in 
the way of an exposition of the doctrine, and they would al- 
ways encourage me. Finally, the subject bore upon my mind 
with such increasing weight that I did not feel that I could 
die satisfied without making the attempt; and about nine 
months ago, I resolved, by the assistance of God's Spirit, to 
undertake it; and that I would omit nothing within my con- 
trol that I would not bring into requisition, to accomplish 
the object. During this time, I have devoted myself exclu- 
sively to this subject, and in the fear of God, with much 
prayer and study, by God's assisting Grace, I have brought 
forth the preceding Work. Though it has been a Work of 
much and incessant labor, for the last nine months, yet it has 
been to me of great satisfaction; so that I can truly say — 
there is pleasure and profit in the service of the Lord. 

In looking back over many years of my past life, I think I 
can see a chain of Providences, which have had a direct and 
indirect influence in bringing to pass the purpose of God, in 
setting me apart for this Work : And I verily believe I have 
been the chosen instrument, in the hand of God, of effecting 
it. But for the Inspiration of his Spirit, I never should have 
conceived the idea, nor the design. Whatever good, there- 
fore, may accrue to the Church and the world, from the Work, 
I give God the glory. He has only made me the honored 
instrument in his hand, of effecting his purpose. 

I am now in my sixty-third year : I have been a recog- 
nized minister of the Gospel, nearly thirty years; five years 
of which in the Methodist E. Church, and the last twenty- 



500 CONCLUSION. 



five years, of the Methodist Protestant Church. This Work 
on the Trinities, I regard not only as the last, but the great- 
est, of my life; at least thus far. I cannot promise myself 
many more years to live: and though the good Lord has given 
me excellent and uninterrupted health for the last twenty 
years of my life, yet I am admonished daily, by growing 
years, and many other circumstances, that the time of my de- 
parture is drawing nigh; when health and strength must yield 
to the infirmities of age, and activity, to the silence and for- 
getfulness of the grave. Now, when my race is run, I shall 
feel that my work is done; and I thank God that I can say 
with Simon, 'Now Lord, lettest thou thy servant depart in 
peace, for mine eyes have seen thy salvation, which thou hast 
prepared before the face of all people, a Light to lighten the 
Gentiles, and the glory of thy people Israel.' 

Having then given an Exposition of the Trinities, as prom- 
ised on the Title Page, from the authorities, of Christ him- 
self, his Prophets, Evangelists, and Apostles: and also, an ex- 
position of the doctrines of Baptism; and compared and con- 
trasted the Work with the leading Branches of the Church 
of Christ in our country, on the subject; we consider our 
promise redeemed. 

1. "Go preach my gospel," saith the Lord, 

" Bid the whole earth my grace receive ; 
He shall be saved, who trusts my Word ; 
He shall be damn'd, who won't believe. 

2. "I'll make your great commission known ; 

And ye shall prove my gospel true, 
By all the works that I have done, 
By all the wonders ye shall do. 

3. " Teach all the nations my commands, 

I'm with you till the world shall end ; 
All power is trusted in my hands ; 
I can destroy, and I defend." 

4. He spake — and light shone round his head ; 

On a bright cloud to heaven he rode ; 
They to the farthest nations spread 
The grace of their ascended God." 

I subscribe myself, a member and friend of Zion, 

CHARLES EVANS. 
Montgomery, Ala., Oct. 15, 1857. 



INDEX 



PART FIRST. 

Page. 
CHAP. I. Of the nature and design of the Trinities of the Sacred 

Scriptures, 1 

" II. Some Self-evident Propositions, 5 

" III. How to Understand the Figurative Language of the 

Scriptures, 6 

" IV. The Order pursued in the Exposition of the Trinities,. . 8 

" V. Of the Attributes of God, Natural, 8 

" VI. Of the Moral Attributes of God the Father, 10 

" VII. Of the Distinctive Personality of the Holy Ghost, 12 

" VIII. Effects of the Holy Ghost, 13 

" IX. Of the Distinctive Personality of the Word, 15 

" X. Of the Unity of the Father, the Holy Ghost and the Word, 21 

" XI. Of the Compound, Executive, Trinity in Redemption,. . . 25 
" XII. Of the Operations of the Compound, Executive Trinity 

in Redemption, 31 

" XIII. Of the Mediatorial Office of Christ, in His Prophetic 

Character, 35 

" XIV. Christ's Mediatorial Office as a Priest, to Reconcile his 

Father to the World, and to bring us to God, 39 

" XV. Of Christ's Mediatorial Office as King, 44 

PART SECOND. 

CHAP. I. Of the Types of Christ, and the Compound Executive 

Typical Trinities in Redemption, 52 

" " The mode of Illustrating the Compound Executive Trin- 
ity in Redemption, by the Compound Executive Typ- 
ical Trinities, as a Key and Guide to a Clear Under- 
standing of the Subject, 53 

" " The first Covenant, between the Father and the Human 

Family, 45 



502 INDEX. 



" The First Covenant in Redemption, . . 55 

II. The mediatorial Character of Adam collated with his 

Antitype, the Lord Jesus Christ, 57 

III. Of Noah, and the Noahic Covenant, Typical of Christ, 
and the New Covenant, 64 

IV. Of the Abrahainic Covenant, Typical of the New Cove- 
nant, 75 

V. Isaac as a Type of Christ, becomes the mediator between 

God and the Human Family, 94 

VI. Of Jacob, as a Type of Christ, 104 

VII. Of Joseph, as a Type of Christ, 112 

PART THIRD. 

CHAP. I. Of the Mosaic* Dispensation, and Moses as a Type of 

Christ, '. 127 

" " Typical Signification of the Waters of Marah, 141 

" " The Trinities in the Covenant of Sinai Explained, 150 

II. The Ark of the Covenant, as a Type of Christ, 15G 

" III. The Tabernacle and its Contents, Typical of the Plan of 

Redemption, 169 

" IV. Of Joshua, as a Type of Christ, . . 202 

Trinities Explained, 209-210 

V. Of Gideon, as a Type of Christ, 229 

" VI. Of Samson, as a Type of Christ, 243 

" VII. Of Eli, as a Type of Christ, 258 

" " Of Samuel, as a Type of Christ, 263 

PART FOURTH. 

CHAP. I. Of David, as a Type of Christ, 275 

II. Of the Reign of Solomon, as a Type of Christ, 310 

" III. Of the Prophet Elijah, as a Type of Christ, 323 

" " The Trinities Illustrated, from the Nature and Offices of 

an Angel, 331 

" IV. Of the Propet Elisha, as a Type of Christ, 339 

" V. Of the Reign of Hezekiah, King of Judah, a Type of 

Christ as King, 354 

" VI. Of the Reign of Josiah, King of Judah, as a Type of 

Christ, 361 

PART FIFTH. 

CHAP. I. Of Cyrus, King of Persia, as a Type of Christ, 368 

II. Of Darius, as a Type of Christ, 371 



INDEX. 503 



PART SIXTH. 

CHAP. I. Of the Prophet Isaiah, as a Type of Christ, 380 

II. Of the Prophet Jeremiah, as a Type of Christ, 400 

" III. Of the Prophet Ezekiel, as a Type of Christ, 412 

" " The Scriptural Doctrine of the Father Speaking through 
the Spirit, and the Spirit coming with the Word to the 
Prophets, and through the Prophets, to the World, 
proved clearly and beyond all Controversy in the 

Covenant between the Father and Ezekiel, 413-414 

" IV. Of the Prophet Daniel, as a Type of Christ, 429 

" " Recapitulation of the Order and Doctrines of this Work, 453 

PART SEVENTH. 

CHAP. I. An Exposition of Baptism, 455 

" '* Of Baptism by immersion, " 

" II. Of the Scriptural Authority for Baptism, by Pouring or 

Sprinkling, 458 

'' III. Of the Administering of Baptism by Sprinkling, 462 

PART EIGHTH. 

CHAP. I. The Exposition of the Trinities Compared and Con- 
trasted with the Creed of the Episcopal Church,. . . . 457 

" " The Doctrine of Predestination and Election, Considered, 472 

" II. The Exposition of the Trinities, Compared and Contrast- 
ed with the Presbyterian Church Creed, 480 

" III. The Exposition of the Trinities, Compared and Contrast- 
ed with the Articles of Faith, of the Alabama Baptist 
Association of the Baptist Church, for the year 1855, 488 

" IV. The Exposition of the Trinities, Compared and Contrast- 
ed with the Articles of Religion, of the Methodist E. 
Church Creed, 492 

" V. The Exposition of the Trinities, Compared and Contrast- 
ed with the Methodist P. Church Creed, 49G 

" VI. The Eqposition of the Trinities, Compared and Contrast- 
ed with Congregational Methodist Church Creed,. . . . 497 
Conclusion, 498 



ERRATA. 



Where the term Antitypes occurs, always read it in the singular num- 
ber, for there is but one Antitype, and that is Christ. 

On page 219, commencement of the first paragraph, read Caleb, for 
Joshua. 

On page 378, for the third line of the last paragraph, read and 

grandmother to Belshazzar. 

On page 467, in heading of Part Eeighth, and third line, for — other, 
read — different. 

On page 469, and thirteenth line from the top, after — Chapters I. 
and II., read- and also Chapter XL: and other similar places. 



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